ارزیابی و مکانیابی پارکینگ های عمومی در بافت مرکزی شهر یزد
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
محمدحسین سرائی
1
(استادیار دانشگاه یزد، گروه جغرافیا، یزد، ایران)
روح ا... قانعی بافقی
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران)
کلید واژه: مکانیابی, فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP), سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS), پارکینگ عمومی, منطق هم پوشانی (IO), بافت مرکزی, شهر یزد,
چکیده مقاله :
با افزایش جمعیت و تردد وسایل نقلیه در بافت مرکزی شهر به دلیل وجود کاربری های جاذب سفر و همچنین توان پایین شبکه های دسترسی مشکلات ترافیکی زیادی را ایجاد می کند که احداث پارکینگ های عمومی در مکان های مناسب می تواند موجبات حل بسیاری از مشکلات را در بافت مرکزی فراهم سازد. این پژوهش در پی انتخاب مکان هایی مناسب جهت احداث پارکینگ با توجه به معیارهای مؤثر برای پاسخ گویی به حجم ترافیک ساکن می باشد که در نتیجه از تداخلات ترافیک عبوری و ساکن و مشکلات ترافیکی ناشی از آن کاسته و مشکلات دسترسی به پارکینگ و مکانی جهت پارک خودرو به خوبی حل خواهد شد. در پژوهش حاضر محدوده بافت مرکزی شهر یزد انتخاب شد و معیارهایی همچون کاربری های جاذب سفر، دسترسی به خیابان های اصلی، فضای مناسب پارکینگ و بایر یا مخروبه بودن برای مکانیابی پارکینگ در نظر گرفته شده است. با توجه به این که لحاظ کردن تمامی معیارها به روش سنتی مشکل است از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی استفاده شده است و همچنین به دلیل اهمیت متفاوت معیارها در مکانیابی برای وزندهی آنها از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی استفاده گردید. در نهایت با بهره گیری از روش تلفیق همپوشانی شاخص، معیارها باهم ترکیب شدند و مکان های پیشنهادی مناسب جهت احداث پارکینگ مشخص شدند. این مکان ها در مجاورت خیابان های اصلی و تعدادی هم در مرز محدوده قرار دارند.
Introduction With rapid urbanization in recent decades and the increased use of motor vehicles, traffic on city streets has become one of the problems of big cities. In this regard, construction of public parking in the vicinity of urban streets in order to avoid long and about in parks, along streets, is one of effective measures to reduce traffic. The most appropriate location for parking, where parking is most needed to be .The car park will be resolved as well. The car park will be resolved as well. Within the scope of Yazd is based on studies of traffic and transport, including 12 regional and 140 district is that a large part of the important area of the parking problem in the takes. The context for the study of the central city of Yazd is an area that overlaps with a large range of choice is an area of 765 hectares and a population of about 50,000 people. Research Methodology Type of applied research - development of; and descriptive - analytical. Studies of tissue within the central city of Yazd is, for the purpose of parking places, in addition to documents, studies, data from research that were added to the field. After collecting data - field factors were required to locate. Weight each factor from the hierarchical analysis process and then using the GIS overlay of the weight factors combined together and the final map and location of spots that were identified as suitable. Results Identifying and tracking the factors that affect the location of, the most important steps are studied. The criteria used to locate parking can be expressed as follows: 1) trip for the absorption (K): are the centers where they travel to various reasons so that it will increase traffic on surrounding streets. 2) required parking space (N): a total of 50 public parking Yazd, only 34 parking within the central tissue or in the streets of this border area is located on Park Place in 1550 only provides for the collection of stationary traffic. 3) Access to the main street (R): parking in the nearby streets to encourage more people to use them and are less confused, and accessing them is easier and faster. 4) being ruined or Bayer (M): Given the historical context of the central city of Yazd, the destruction of some of the places is not possible to construct parking places that are selected are dilapidated, and Bayer. Conclusion The results of this study are as follows: 1.locate parking in a number of factors are involved in all aspects of the analysis is not possible with traditional methods. The other hand, neglect of these factors contributed to a significant waste of material resources and the environment and serious injuries to people and urban management will be imposed. Thus the use of information technology, particularly geographic information systems to analyze large volumes of data, is essential. 2. Given the high cost of land in central and commercial area of town is best, parking will be constructed in the class because despite the poor infrastructure, large parking space and also create economic justification of accept. 3.Use of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geography information system (GIS) and combined it with logic overlap index (IO) in the optimal location is a high performance site. This allows for comparing and evaluating different locations can be optimized according to specific criteria. It should be added to this landuse. 4. Use of technology to manage a city when it is realized that the spatial and descriptive data with the accuracy needed to be there. So in order to retrieve and access information quickly, forming a centralized database is essential. GIS systems are able to manage large volumes of diverse data, with the lowest possible cost, reliable forecasts of the city managers are.