سنجش رضایتمندی شهروندان از کیفیت زندگی در شهر گرمی
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
اصغر پاشازاده
1
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
حمید جلالیان
2
(دانشیار دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی شهری, رضایتمندی, خدمات شهری, شهروندان شهر گرمی, شاخصهای ذهنی,
چکیده مقاله :
در پی توجه به ابعاد کیفی زندگی انسان، مفهومی با عنوان کیفیت زندگی مورد توجه قرار گرفته و سنجش رضایت از زندگی بهتمامیاقشارانسانیودرشکل‎هایمختلفتسرییافتهاست. امروزهکیفیتزندگیدر شهرها و رضایت از آن موضوعی است که درمدیریت وبرنامه‎ریزیشهرینیز بدان پرداخته می‎شود. در همین زمینه،هدفمطالعهحاضر،سنجشرضایت از کیفیت زندگیدرشهرگرمی و مطالعه تطبیقی محلات هشتگانه این شهر بوده است که بااستفادهاز62شاخصذهنیدر قالب هشتمتغیرِطبقه‎بندیشدهصورت پذیرفته است.اینتحقیقبهلحاظروشازنوع پیمایشی و از نظر هدف در زمره تحقیقات کاربردی قرار دارد. جامعه آماری تحقیق را شهروندان شهر گرمی تشکیل می‎دهند که از میان آنها به تعداد 378 پرسشنامه - با استفاده از فرمول کوکران- به صورت طبقه‎بندی شده، توزیع شد. پایایی پرسشنامه از طریق آزمون آلفای کرونباخ سنجیده شده که ضریب آلفای 82/0 به دست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‎های جمع‎آوری شده از آزمون‎های t تک نمونه‎ای، واریانس یکطرفه، کروسکال- والیس و فریدمن، حسب مورد استفاده شده است.نتایجنشانمی‎دهدکیفیت زندگی در شهر گرمی در سطحی نامطلوب از سوی شهروندان ارزیابی شده و در کل میزان رضایت شهروندان از مجموع شاخص‎های مورد بررسی کمتر از میانه (میانه نظری = 3) است. نتایج حاصل از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یکطرفه نشان می‌دهد که بین ویژگی‎های فردی پاسخگویان با برداشت آنها از کیفیت زندگی شهری تفاوت وجود دارد. همچنین، از نظر کیفیت زندگی در بین محلات هشتگانه شهر تفاوت وجود دارد، بطوری که سطح کیفیت زندگی محله‎های شهر گرمی را می‎توان در چهار گروه قرار داد.
The conception of "life quality" has considered in regard to the qualitative aspects of human life, and evaluation of “life satisfaction” has covered to all human groups in various forms. Nowadays, the life quality in cities and the satisfaction of it is something that will be addressed in urban management and planning. In this field, the purpose of the present has been evaluating the satisfaction of life quality in Germi City (Iran) and comparing of the heptahedral quarters of the city which has done using with 62 mental indices classified in eight variable groups. This research has the objective of the survey and is among the applied research. The populations of the investigation are Germi's residents that among them 378 questionnaires- based on Cochran formula- were distributed randomly in classified manner. The reliability of the questionnaire has been measured by using Cronbach's alpha (was found at 0.82). Data analysis has been held by single T- test, ANOVA Test (one-way), Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman Tests as needed. The results show the quality of life in Germi has evaluated in undesired level on behalf of residents and in total the amount of satisfaction from the whole indices is less than the mean (Speculative Mean=3).The one-way ANOVA Test shows there is a difference between individual demographic characteristics of respondents and their idea of urban life quality. Moreover, there are differences between the heptahedral quarters of the city in viewpoint of life quality so that can be classified in four levels.
Allen, J., Voget, R., & Cordes, S. (2002). Quality of Life in Rural Nebraska: Trends and Changes. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Asghari Zamani, A., Zadvali, SH., & Golamhoseyni. R. (2012). Assess the quality of urban life in marginalized areas by using factor analysis, Case Study: Rural areas in the north of Tabriz. Journal of Geography and Urban Planning Perspective Zagros, 4 (11), 86-96. (In Persian)
Collados, C., & Duane, T. (1999). Analysis Natural Capital Quality of Life: A Model for Evaluating the Sustainability of Alternative Regional Development Paths. Journal of Ecological, 30, 441-460.
Cramer, V., Torgersen, S., & Kringlen, E. (2004). Quqlity of Life in a City: The Effect of Population Density. Social Indicators Research, 69,103-116.
Das, D. (2008). Urban Quality of Life: A Case Study of Guwahati. Social Indicators Research.
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Economist Intelligence Unit. (2005). Quality of Life Indexation.
Garosi, S., & Nagavi, A. (2008). Social capital and quality of life in the city of Kerman. Journal of Social Welfare, 8 (30 & 31), 61-86. (In Persian)
Haj Yosefi, A. (2006). Quality of life and corrective strategies. Journal of Rural, 28, 31-37. (In Persian)
Hal, P. (2002). Urban and regional planning. Translation of Jalal Tabrizi, printing, publishing process and urban planning. (In Persian)
Ibrahim, M., & Chung, W. (2003). Quality of Life of Residents Living Near Industrial Estates in Singapore. Social Indicators Research.
Iran Census Center. (2011). Population and Housing Census of Ardebil province. (In Persian)
Jajarmi, K., & Kalkateh, E. (2006). The assessment of the quality of life of citizens in cities, Case study: Gonbad-e Qabus. Journal of Geography & Development, 4 (8), 5-18. (In Persian)
Kamp, I., Van, K., Leidelmeijer, K., Marsman, G., & de Hollander, A. (2003). Urban environmental quality and human wellbeing: Towards a Conceptual Framework and Demarcation of Concepts; a Literature Study. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, 65, 5-18.
Khajeh Shahkohi, A., Hoseyni, M., & Tosi, R. (2014). Assessing quality of life and its impact on citizen participation in municipal affairs, Case Study: Minoo Dasht City. Journal of Geography & Urban Planning – Regional, 4 (10), 73-86. (In Persian)
Kokabi, A., Porjafar, M., & Tagvai, A. (2005). Planning quality of urban life in urban centers, definitions and indicators. Journal of Queries Urban Development, 12, 6-13. (In Persian)
Kord Zanganeh, J. (2002). Quality of life of the elderly and the factors affecting it. Master’s thesis, School of Social Sciences, Tehran University. (In Persian)
Lee, Y. J. (2008). Subjective Quality of Life Measurement in Taipei. Journal of Building & Environment, 43 (7), 1205–1215.
Li, G., & Weng, Q. (2007). Measuring the Quality of Life in City of Indianapolis by Integration of Remote Sensing and Census Data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28 (2), 249–267.
Majedi, M., & Lahsaizadeh, A. (2006). Study of the relationship between demographic variables, social capital and quality of life satisfaction, case study: the villages of Fars province. Journal of Rural & Development, 4 (9), 91-135. (In Persian)
Mc Crea, R., Shyy, T-K., & Stimson, R. (2004). Modelling Urban Quality of Life in South East Queensland by Linking Subjective and Objective Indicators, 28th Australian and New Zealand regional Science Association International annual Conference, Wollongong, NSW, 28th September to 1 October.
Mc Crea, R., Shyy, T.-K., & Stimson, R. (2006). What is the Strength of the Link Between Objective and Subjective Indicators of Urban Quality of Life?, Applied Research in Quality of Life, 1(1), 79–96.
Michalos, A. C. (2003). Combining Social, Economic and Environmental Indicators to Measure Sustainable Human Well-being. Journal of Social Indicators Research.40(1), 221-258.
Pal, A. K., Kumar, U. C. (2005). Quality of Life Concept for the Evaluation of Societal Development of Rural Community in West Bangal, India. Journal of Rural Development, 15(2), 83-93.
Rafiyan, M., Amin Sahehi, F., & Tagvai, A. (2010). Assess the quality of living environment in Ekbatan of Tehran. Madras Journal of Human Sciences and Spatial Planning, 14 (4), 63-85. (In Persian)
Rahman, M., & Wand, S. (2003). Measuring the Quality of Life across Countries: A Sensitivity Analysis of Well-being Indice”s, Wider Internasional Conference on Inequality, Poverty and Human well-being, May 30-31, Helsinki, Finland.
Rezvani, M., & Mansoriyan, H. (2008). Quality of life: the concepts, indicators and models and model proposed for rural areas. Journal of Rural Development, 11 (3), 1-26.
Rezvani, M., Shakiba, A., & Mansoriyan, H., (2008). Quality of Life in rural areas. Journal of Social Welfare, 8 (30 & 31), 35-59. (In Persian)
Santos, L. & Martins, I. (2007). Monitoring Urban Quality of Life: The Porto Experience. Journal of Social Indicators Research, 80(2), 411-425.
Smit, D. (2002). Quality of life: social welfare and social justice. Translator of Hussein Hataminezhad and Hekmat Shahi Ardebili. Journal of Economic and political information, 17 (185 & 186), 160-173. (In Persian)
The Environment Role of Consulting Engineers. (2009). Detailed design of Germi City. Housing and Urban Development Ardabil Province. (In Persian)
Ulengin, B., & Guvenc, U. (2001). Amultidimensional Approach to Urban Quality of Life: The Case of Istanbul. European Journal of Operation Reasrch, 130, 361-274.
United Nations Population Fund. (2007). State of World Population 2007, Unlishing the Potential of Urban Growth, New York, UNFPA.
Yosefi, A. (2003). Quality of Life and Reformation Strategies. Journal Dehati, 28, 1-4.
_||_Allen, J., Voget, R., & Cordes, S. (2002). Quality of Life in Rural Nebraska: Trends and Changes. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Asghari Zamani, A., Zadvali, SH., & Golamhoseyni. R. (2012). Assess the quality of urban life in marginalized areas by using factor analysis, Case Study: Rural areas in the north of Tabriz. Journal of Geography and Urban Planning Perspective Zagros, 4 (11), 86-96. (In Persian)
Collados, C., & Duane, T. (1999). Analysis Natural Capital Quality of Life: A Model for Evaluating the Sustainability of Alternative Regional Development Paths. Journal of Ecological, 30, 441-460.
Cramer, V., Torgersen, S., & Kringlen, E. (2004). Quqlity of Life in a City: The Effect of Population Density. Social Indicators Research, 69,103-116.
Das, D. (2008). Urban Quality of Life: A Case Study of Guwahati. Social Indicators Research.
Dehdari, T. (2002). The effect of education on quality of life in patients with open heart surgery, Master Thesis, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University.
Economist Intelligence Unit. (2005). Quality of Life Indexation.
Garosi, S., & Nagavi, A. (2008). Social capital and quality of life in the city of Kerman. Journal of Social Welfare, 8 (30 & 31), 61-86. (In Persian)
Haj Yosefi, A. (2006). Quality of life and corrective strategies. Journal of Rural, 28, 31-37. (In Persian)
Hal, P. (2002). Urban and regional planning. Translation of Jalal Tabrizi, printing, publishing process and urban planning. (In Persian)
Ibrahim, M., & Chung, W. (2003). Quality of Life of Residents Living Near Industrial Estates in Singapore. Social Indicators Research.
Iran Census Center. (2011). Population and Housing Census of Ardebil province. (In Persian)
Jajarmi, K., & Kalkateh, E. (2006). The assessment of the quality of life of citizens in cities, Case study: Gonbad-e Qabus. Journal of Geography & Development, 4 (8), 5-18. (In Persian)
Kamp, I., Van, K., Leidelmeijer, K., Marsman, G., & de Hollander, A. (2003). Urban environmental quality and human wellbeing: Towards a Conceptual Framework and Demarcation of Concepts; a Literature Study. Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning, 65, 5-18.
Khajeh Shahkohi, A., Hoseyni, M., & Tosi, R. (2014). Assessing quality of life and its impact on citizen participation in municipal affairs, Case Study: Minoo Dasht City. Journal of Geography & Urban Planning – Regional, 4 (10), 73-86. (In Persian)
Kokabi, A., Porjafar, M., & Tagvai, A. (2005). Planning quality of urban life in urban centers, definitions and indicators. Journal of Queries Urban Development, 12, 6-13. (In Persian)
Kord Zanganeh, J. (2002). Quality of life of the elderly and the factors affecting it. Master’s thesis, School of Social Sciences, Tehran University. (In Persian)
Lee, Y. J. (2008). Subjective Quality of Life Measurement in Taipei. Journal of Building & Environment, 43 (7), 1205–1215.
Li, G., & Weng, Q. (2007). Measuring the Quality of Life in City of Indianapolis by Integration of Remote Sensing and Census Data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28 (2), 249–267.
Majedi, M., & Lahsaizadeh, A. (2006). Study of the relationship between demographic variables, social capital and quality of life satisfaction, case study: the villages of Fars province. Journal of Rural & Development, 4 (9), 91-135. (In Persian)
Mc Crea, R., Shyy, T-K., & Stimson, R. (2004). Modelling Urban Quality of Life in South East Queensland by Linking Subjective and Objective Indicators, 28th Australian and New Zealand regional Science Association International annual Conference, Wollongong, NSW, 28th September to 1 October.
Mc Crea, R., Shyy, T.-K., & Stimson, R. (2006). What is the Strength of the Link Between Objective and Subjective Indicators of Urban Quality of Life?, Applied Research in Quality of Life, 1(1), 79–96.
Michalos, A. C. (2003). Combining Social, Economic and Environmental Indicators to Measure Sustainable Human Well-being. Journal of Social Indicators Research.40(1), 221-258.
Pal, A. K., Kumar, U. C. (2005). Quality of Life Concept for the Evaluation of Societal Development of Rural Community in West Bangal, India. Journal of Rural Development, 15(2), 83-93.
Rafiyan, M., Amin Sahehi, F., & Tagvai, A. (2010). Assess the quality of living environment in Ekbatan of Tehran. Madras Journal of Human Sciences and Spatial Planning, 14 (4), 63-85. (In Persian)
Rahman, M., & Wand, S. (2003). Measuring the Quality of Life across Countries: A Sensitivity Analysis of Well-being Indice”s, Wider Internasional Conference on Inequality, Poverty and Human well-being, May 30-31, Helsinki, Finland.
Rezvani, M., & Mansoriyan, H. (2008). Quality of life: the concepts, indicators and models and model proposed for rural areas. Journal of Rural Development, 11 (3), 1-26.
Rezvani, M., Shakiba, A., & Mansoriyan, H., (2008). Quality of Life in rural areas. Journal of Social Welfare, 8 (30 & 31), 35-59. (In Persian)
Santos, L. & Martins, I. (2007). Monitoring Urban Quality of Life: The Porto Experience. Journal of Social Indicators Research, 80(2), 411-425.
Smit, D. (2002). Quality of life: social welfare and social justice. Translator of Hussein Hataminezhad and Hekmat Shahi Ardebili. Journal of Economic and political information, 17 (185 & 186), 160-173. (In Persian)
The Environment Role of Consulting Engineers. (2009). Detailed design of Germi City. Housing and Urban Development Ardabil Province. (In Persian)
Ulengin, B., & Guvenc, U. (2001). Amultidimensional Approach to Urban Quality of Life: The Case of Istanbul. European Journal of Operation Reasrch, 130, 361-274.
United Nations Population Fund. (2007). State of World Population 2007, Unlishing the Potential of Urban Growth, New York, UNFPA.
Yosefi, A. (2003). Quality of Life and Reformation Strategies. Journal Dehati, 28, 1-4.