بررسی و تحلیل محدودیت‌های توسعه فیزیکی شهرها (مطالعـه مـوردی: شهـر سـردشت)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
شیرکو احمدی
1
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرکز سردشت، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، سردشت، ایران. دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ارومیه، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، ارومیه، ایران)
کلید واژه: GIS, توسعه فیزیکی, شهر سردشت, موانع و محدودیت‌ها,
چکیده مقاله :
توسعه شهرها در مناطق کوهستانی به دلیل محدودیت‌های ژئومورفولوژیکی و ناپایداری دامنه‌ها از حساسیت بالائی برخوردار است. در چند دهه گذشته به دلیل رشد سریع جمعیت و روند افزایش مهاجرت های روستا-شهری،توجه به شهرها وتوسعه فیزیکی آن ها به عنوان یک امر اساسی در بسیاری از برنامه های توسعه ای در تمامی سطوح ملی، منطقه ای و محلی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است زیرا که عدم برنامه ریزی مناسب، شهره ارابا مشکلات فراوانی از قبی لرشد پراکنده و ناهمگون، مشکلات زیست محیطی و... مواجه ساخته است. در این پژوهش به بررسی چالش‌ها و موانع توسعه فیزیکی شهر سردشت پرداخته شده است. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی است. بررسی تنگناهای توسعه ی فیزیکی شهر سردشت در طی 40 سال و در دوره ی زمانی قبل از سال 1360 تا 1395 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور لایه های اطلاعاتی توپوگرافی و ژئومورفولوژی با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره ای و عملیات میدانی تهیه و سپس با استفاده ازنرم افزار Arc GIS ver.9.3 توسعه فیزیکی شهر در دوره های مختلف بررسی گردید.نتایجبدستآمدهبیانگرآناستکه شهر سردشت به لحاظ موقعیت قرارگیری جهت توسعه بامحدودیت زیادی از سه جهت جغرافیایی غرب،شمال و شرق مواجه است واز جهت جنوب نیز توسعه فیزیکی روی زمین های کشاورزی و باغات صورت گرفته است.همچنین نتایج نشان می دهد که از مجموعِ حدود 6/312 هکتار، 59/8 درصد محدوده مکان‌های کاملاً مناسب و 08/36 درصد از مجموع محدوده مورد مطالعه محدوده کاملا نامناسب را شامل می‌شود. یافته های فوق می‌تواند مدیران شهر سردشت را با محدودیت های توسعة فیزیکی شهر آشنا و راهکارهای اجرایی برخورد منطقی با آن‌ها را ارائه نماید.
The development of cities in mountainous areas is highly sensitive due to the geomorphologic and instability limitations of the slopes. Over the past few decades, due to the rapid growth of the population and the increasing urban-urban migration, attention to cities and their physical development has been considered as an essential element in many development programs at all national, regional and local levels. Because the lack of proper planning, cities have faced many problems, such as heterogeneous and heterogeneous growth, environmental problems, and so on. This research studies the challenges and barriers of physical development in Sardasht city. The research method is descriptive-analytic. The study of the physical development bottlenecks in Sardasht city has been studied over 40 years and during the period before 1981 to 2016. For this purpose, topographic and geomorphologic information layers were prepared using satellite imagery and field operations, and then, using Arc GIS ver.3.9, the physical development of the city was studied in different periods. The results show that the city of Sardasht faces a great deal of restrictions on the three directions of geographical location of west, north and east, and from the south there is a physical development on the land of agriculture and gardens. The results also show that from a total of about 3125782.1 square meters, 8.59 percent of the range of completely suitable places and 36.08 percent of the total study area included a completely inappropriate range. The above findings can provide managers of Sardasht city with the limits of physical development of the city and executive approaches to rational encounter with them.
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Jabari, A., R., Sh. (2007). Geomorphology of Urban Areas. Side Publishing. (In Persian)
Jiang, L., Deng, X., Seto, K.C. (2013). The impact of urban expansion on agricultural land use intensity in China. Land Use Policy, 35, 33-39.
Kaya. S., & Curran, P.J. (2006). Monitoring urban growth on the European side of the Istanbul metropolitan area. international journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation, 8, 18-25.
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Masoom, J. (2001). Problems of Small Towns Management. Monthly Publications, 3 (28), 28, 5-13. (In Persian)
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Mousavi, M. R. (2005). Principles and Foundations of Architecture and Urbanism, Center for Urban Studies and Architecture. Ministry of Housing, First Edition. (In Persian)
Negaresh, h (2003). Application of geomorphology in city allocation and its implications, Geography and Development, Year 1, No. 133, pp. 1-147. (In Persian).
Pourahmad, A., Yad Qar, A., & Kiumars H. (2003). Review of Sanandaj urban development trend using GIS and RS. Fine Arts magazine, 16, 15-32. (In Persian)
Rezaei Moghaddam, M., & Saqafi M. (2009). Usage of New Techniques for Classification and Analysis of Geomorphologic Dangers in the Development of the City of Tabriz, Moderator of Humanities, 9 (1), 47-75. (In Persian)
Sarwati, M.R., Khezri, S., & Rahmani, T. (2009). Examination of natural developmental constraints in Sanandaj. Natural Geography Research, 67, 13- 29. (In Persian)
Schicka, A.P, Grodeka T., GWolmanb M. (1997) Hydrologic processes and geomorphic constraints on urbanization of alluvial fan slopes, Volume 31, Issues 1–4, Pages 325-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(99)00085-9.
Setayeshi, H., Roustai, Sh., Omrani, D.M., & Zarezizadeh, N. (2014). Investigation of geomorphological bottlenecks and its effect on physical development of the city using GIS and AHP method (Case study: Givi city). Quantitative geomorphology studies, 2 (4), 1-16. (In Persian)
Taqian, A.R., & Gholam Heidari, H. (2013). Geomorphologic Potentials and Obstacles of Physical Development of Yasuj City Using AHP Model. Journal of Applied Geomorphology, 1 (2), 99-115. (In Persian)
Thapa, B. R., & Muyama, Y. (2010). Drivers of urban in the Kathmandau valley, Nepal: Examining the efficacy of analytic hierarchy process. Applied Geography, 30, 70-83.
Weng, Y.C. (2007). Spatiotemporal changes of landscape pattern in response to urbanization. Landscape and Urban Planning, 81, 341-353.
Zangi Abadi, A. (1992). Spatial Analysis of the Physical Development Model of Kerman, Master's thesis, Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran. (In Persian)
_||_Abedini, M., & Moghimi, E. (2012). the role of geomorphological bottlenecks in the physical development of metropolis of Tabriz for optimal use, Geography and environmental planning, 23 (1), 147 - 166. (In Persian)
Ali Nejad Tayebi, K. (2010). an Analysis of the Physical-Physical Development of the City of Firouzabad, Isfahan: University of Isfahan, Master's Thesis for Geography. (In Persian)
Almizadeh, H. (2003). Usage of geomorphology in the development and limitation of Karaj city, Geography and Development Magazine, 18, 63-67. (In Persian)
Avijit, G., & Rafi, A. (2004). Geomorphology and the urban tropics: building an interface between research and usage, University of Leeds, School of Geography.
Bahmanian, M. R., & Mahmoudinejad, H. (2008). Theories of physical development of the city, Tehran: Publications of the Organization of Municipalities and Dignitaries of the country. (In Persian)
Batisane, N., Yarnal, B. (2008). Urban expansion in Centre County, Pennsylvania: Spatial dynamics and Landscape transformations, Applied Geography, Volume 29, Issue 2, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2008.08.007. pp. 235-249.
Bhata, B., Sarawati, S., & Bandyopadhyay, D. (2010). Quantifying the degree-of-freedom. degree-of-sprawel, and degree-of-goodness of urban growth from remote sensing data. Applied Geography, 30, 96-111.
Devana, A. M., & Yamaguchib, Y. (2009). Landus and land cover change in Dhaka, Bangladesh: Using remote Sensing to promote Sustainable urbanization. Applied Geography, 31, 390-401.
Douglas, J. (1983). The urban environment, London: Edward Arnold.
Ebrahimzadeh, E., & Rafiee, Gh. (2009). an analysis of the spatial expansion pattern of the city of Marvdasht. Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, 42 (69), 123-138. (In Persian)
Guha, A., Kumar, K., & Lesslie. A. (2008). Geomorphological mapping planning and development-A case for Korba city, Chhattisgarh. Research Communication, 97, 12-25.
Jabari, A., R., Sh. (2007). Geomorphology of Urban Areas. Side Publishing. (In Persian)
Jiang, L., Deng, X., Seto, K.C. (2013). The impact of urban expansion on agricultural land use intensity in China. Land Use Policy, 35, 33-39.
Kaya. S., & Curran, P.J. (2006). Monitoring urban growth on the European side of the Istanbul metropolitan area. international journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation, 8, 18-25.
Masina, Nkosingiphile B. (2003), Planning the Growth of Peri Urban Settlements, Sace Study of Maazini in Swaziland, ITC, Swaziland.
Masoom, J. (2001). Problems of Small Towns Management. Monthly Publications, 3 (28), 28, 5-13. (In Persian)
May, M. E. Dlala, M., & Chenini, I. (2010). Urban geological mapping: Geotechnical data analysis for rational development planning. Engineering Geology, 116, 129-138.
Mousavi, M. R. (2005). Principles and Foundations of Architecture and Urbanism, Center for Urban Studies and Architecture. Ministry of Housing, First Edition. (In Persian)
Negaresh, h (2003). Application of geomorphology in city allocation and its implications, Geography and Development, Year 1, No. 133, pp. 1-147. (In Persian).
Pourahmad, A., Yad Qar, A., & Kiumars H. (2003). Review of Sanandaj urban development trend using GIS and RS. Fine Arts magazine, 16, 15-32. (In Persian)
Rezaei Moghaddam, M., & Saqafi M. (2009). Usage of New Techniques for Classification and Analysis of Geomorphologic Dangers in the Development of the City of Tabriz, Moderator of Humanities, 9 (1), 47-75. (In Persian)
Sarwati, M.R., Khezri, S., & Rahmani, T. (2009). Examination of natural developmental constraints in Sanandaj. Natural Geography Research, 67, 13- 29. (In Persian)
Schicka, A.P, Grodeka T., GWolmanb M. (1997) Hydrologic processes and geomorphic constraints on urbanization of alluvial fan slopes, Volume 31, Issues 1–4, Pages 325-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(99)00085-9.
Setayeshi, H., Roustai, Sh., Omrani, D.M., & Zarezizadeh, N. (2014). Investigation of geomorphological bottlenecks and its effect on physical development of the city using GIS and AHP method (Case study: Givi city). Quantitative geomorphology studies, 2 (4), 1-16. (In Persian)
Taqian, A.R., & Gholam Heidari, H. (2013). Geomorphologic Potentials and Obstacles of Physical Development of Yasuj City Using AHP Model. Journal of Applied Geomorphology, 1 (2), 99-115. (In Persian)
Thapa, B. R., & Muyama, Y. (2010). Drivers of urban in the Kathmandau valley, Nepal: Examining the efficacy of analytic hierarchy process. Applied Geography, 30, 70-83.
Weng, Y.C. (2007). Spatiotemporal changes of landscape pattern in response to urbanization. Landscape and Urban Planning, 81, 341-353.
Zangi Abadi, A. (1992). Spatial Analysis of the Physical Development Model of Kerman, Master's thesis, Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran. (In Persian)