نقش تولید گل محمدی و گلابگیری در توسعه سکونتگاه‌های انسانی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان کاشان)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ایقدیر فیروزنیا 1 , بهروز قرنی آرانی 2 , الهام جاسمی 3
1 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
3 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
کلید واژه: گل محمدی, شهرستان کاشان, توسعه سکونتگاه‌ها, گلاب,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این مقاله بررسی رابطه میان فعالیت خاص تولید گل محمدی (و گیاهان دارویی) و گلابگیری (و تولید سایر عرقیات گیاهی) به روش سنتی با توسعه سکونتگاه‌های شهرستان کاشان در ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و کالبدی – بوم‌شناسی است. پرورش گل محمدی و گلابگیری و تقطیر سنتی سایر گیاهان دارویی برای تهیه انواع داروهای گیاهی پزشکی و دامپزشکی، چاشنی‌ها و ادویه غذایی، و عطریات و مواد بهداشتی و آرایشی در بخش صنایع کوچک محلی و بومی تبدیلی و تکمیلی از جنبه‌هایی از جمله درمان و پیشگیری از بیماری‌ها، بازاریابی و توسعه اقتصاد روستایی، اشتغال‌زایی و بهره‌گیری از مزیت‌های نسبی، احیا و توسعه دانش بومی روستایی، کمک به توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه‌ها، توسعه گردشگری طبیعی و مزرعه، متنوع‌سازی اشتغال، توجه به دانش و صنعت بومی اهمیت دارد. در این پژوهش کاربردی که با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی انجام پذیرفته، برای مطالعه میدانی از روش پرسشنامه با واحد تحلیل گل‌کاران و صاحبان کارگاه‌های سنتی گلابگیری از دو نوع پرسشنامه استفاده شد. 231 نفر از میان 28 سکونتگاه شهرستان کاشان با بیش از 50درصد سطح زیر کشت و شاغلان بخش کشاورزی مشغول در این عرصه به عنوان جامعه نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای تعیین توسعه‌یافتگی سکونتگاه‌ها از آزمون ویکور بهره گرفته شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که میان مولفه‌های شغلی پرورش گل و گلاب با توسعه رابطه‌ای معنادار، نسبتا قوی و مستقیم وجود داشته و کارکردهای اقتصادی، اجتماعی و کالبدی – بوم‌شناسی گل و گلاب بر توسعه سکونتگاه‌ها تاثیر معناداری دارد.
The aim of this paper is to examine the role of specific activity - producing rose (and herbs), rosewater (and other herbal extracts) in traditional way – on the economic, social and physical- ecological development of settlements of Kashan. Producing rose, rosewater and distillation of other traditional medicinal herbs for the preparation of herbal medicines, veterinary medicine, food condiments and spices, perfumery, health & beauty products in the small indigenous and local industries especially agroindustry and processing, is important in terms of treatment and prevention of diseases, marketing and economic development, job creation and utilization of comparative advantages, rehabilitation and development of indigenous knowledge, contribute to sustainable development of settlements, ecotourism and farm tourism development, employment diversification, indigenous knowledge and industry. This applied research has been done in descriptive-analytical method; two types of questionnaires were used for field study; for flower-cultivators and owners of traditional rosewater workshops. 231 people from 28 settlements in Kashan County with more than 50% of the acreage of the agricultural sector and practitioners in the field were selected as sample. For determining settlement development Vikor were used. The results showed that there is a significant, direct and relatively strong relationship between the job components of rose-growing, producing rosewater, with settlement development, and economic, social and physical-ecological functions of rose-growing and producing rosewater has a significant impact on development of settlements.
Ahmadi, Katayoun; Sefidkon, Fatemeh; and Osareh, Mohammad Hassan. (2008). The Effect of Different Methods of Drying on the Quantity and Essential Quality of Three Rose Damascena Mill Genotypes. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2 (40), 162-176. (In Persian)
Alwani, M., & Rahmati, M.H. (2008). Economic research in the field of creating business in the flower industry and ornamental plants (Case study of Qom province). Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 11-55. (In Persian)
Amini, A., & Zahedi, T. (2016) Evaluation of the effects of cultivation and flowering of Mohammadi in the rural community of Lalazar Kerman. Geography and Planning, 20 (55), 1-28. (In Persian)
Aqdaii, S. R., & Rezaei, M. B. (2004). Study of variation in Rosa Damascena Mill performance in western regions of Iran. Iranian Herbal and Aromatic Plants Research, 20 (3) 333-344. (In Persian)
Arezi, M., & Azkia, M. (2010). The Effect of Rosewater Industry on the Economic Life of Rural Camoo in Kashan. Agricultural Extension and Education Researches, 3 (1), 71-82. .(In Persian)
Badri, S. A., Namdar, M., & Izadi, H. (2010). Specific Economic Activities and Its Effects on the Rural Economy (Case: Combine Harvesters in Fars Province). Spatial Planning, 14 (3), 151-1154. (In Persian)
Dhar, U., Manjkhola, S., Joshi, M., Bhatt, A., Bisht, A. K., & Joshi, M. (2002). Current status and future strategy for development of medicinal plants sector in Uttaranchal, India. Current Science, 83 (8), 956-964.
Dubey, N. K., Kumar, R., & Tripathi, P. (2004). Global promotion of herbal medicine: India's opportunity. Current Science, 86 (1), 37-41.
Dastmalchi, H. (1989). Rosewater-Making in Kashan. Desert, 24. (In Persian)
Doaguii, A.R., Ghazanfari Moghadam, A., & Fouladi, M.H. (2011). Investigation of kinetics and modeling of biogas production process from waste of Damask Rose remaining from essential extraction. Biosystem Engineering of Iran, 42 (1), 95-102. (In Persian)
Dowlatkhahi, M., Ghorbani Nahvji, M., Mehrafrin, A., Amininejad, Gh.R., & Dowlatkhahi, A. (2012). Ethnobutanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Kazeroon: Identification, Distribution and Traditional Usage. Medicinal Plants Quarterly, 11 (2), 163-178. (In Persian)
Ekor, M. (2014). The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Frontier in Pharmacology, 4, 1-10.
Fakhr Tabatabai, M. (1999). Lost Rings in the Chain of Crop Production to Industrial Process of Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Economics and Development, 7 (28), 233-251. (In Persian)
Farhoudi, R., & Hajilo, Z. (2013). The role of flowers and flowering on the development of the tourism industry in Mahallat. Geographic perspective (human studies), 7 (21), 78-87. (In Persian)
Fazaeli, H., Zahedifar, M., Norouzian, H., & Alavi, S. M. (2006). Investigation of Chemical Compositions of Golgi Pulp and the Possibility of Silylating it Using Additives. Research and Development, 19 (3) (72) in Animal and Aquaculture (58-65). (In Persian)
Firouznia, Gh., Zia Tavana, M. H., & Roknaddin Eftekhari, A.R. (2007). Explaining the Process of Village Development Using the Life Cycle Theory. Spatial Planning, 11 (1), 93-119. (In Persian)
Ghaffar, A.H. (2003). Investigating the Rosewater Industry in Kashan and its Economic Impact. Dissertation. Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Honarvar, M., Khoshkhoui, M., & Javidnia, K. (2008). Morphological characteristics, essential oil yield, amount of dry matter of flower and monotrines of two species of aromatic flowers of southern Iran. Journal of Iranian Gardening Science and Technology, 9 (3), 215-230. (In Persian)
Hosseini, R., Seyyed, A., Abarseji, Gh., & Hosseini (Habib), S. A. (2008). Medicinal Plants of
Golestan Province. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 24 (4), 472-498. (In Persian)
Iranmanesh, M., Najafi, S., & Yousefi, M. (2010). Ethnobutane Study of Medicinal Plants of Sistan Region. Herbal Medicines, 2, 61-68. (In Persian)
Iravani, H., Sha'ban Ali Fami, H., & Saadatzadeh, M. (2013). Comparison of Factors Affecting the Development of Aromatic Crops between Flower-Growers and Rosewater-Makers in Kashan. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 29 (1), 225-236. (In Persian)
Javan, J., Alavizadeh, S. A. M., & Kermani, M. (2011) The Role of Diversification of Economic Activities in Sustainable Rural Development, A Case Study: Semirom. Geography, 9 (29), 17-43. (In Persian)
Krishna, A., Kumar, V., Singh, S., Singh, P., & Yadav, R. P. (2014). Impact assessment of aromatic crops distillation technology by the Indian cultivators: A case study. Current Science, 13, 67-73.
Kumar, M. R., & Janagam, D. (2011). Export and import pattern of medicinal plants in India. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 4 (3), 245-248.
Kardavani, P., & Ghaffar, A.H. (2004). Investigating the Rosewater Industry and Its Importance in the Qamsar of Kashan. Geographic Research, 36 (47), 95-109. (In Persian)
Kashafi Bonab, A.R. (2010). Relative Economic Advantage of Cultivation and Trade of Medicinal Plants in Iran and its Value in Global Markets. Commercial Reviews, 8 (44), 67-78. (In Persian)
Kouchaki, A.R., & Nasiri Mahallati, M., & Najafi, F. (2004). Biodiversity of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Iranian Ecosystems. Iranian Agricultural Researches, 2 (2) 208-215. (In Persian)
Mirshokraei, M. (2006). Rose & Rosewater Production Technology. Journal of Social Science, 34-35, 199-222. (In Persian)
Moradi Lakkeh, M., Ramezani, M., & Ansari, H. (2008). Demographic and Socio-economical Factors Related to the Use of Medicinal Plants/Herbs in Residents of Tehran. Journal of Surveying, 7 (4), 313-320. (In Persian)
Nanjunda, D. C. (2008). Rediscovering Rural Development: A Reflection on Potential and Prospects. New Delhi: Published by Sarup.
Osareh, M. H., Qorbanli, M., Allahverdi Mamaghani; B., Ghamari Zare, A., & Shahrzad, Sh. (2006). Effect of culture medium and growth regulators on the proliferation of Rosa Damascena Mill. Research and Development, 19 (3), 45-57. (In Persian)
Ramezannezhad Ghadi, R., & Parishani Forushani, M.R. (2008). Introduction of Some Medicinal Plants of Meymand Historical Region, Kerman Province. Journal of Plant Production Research (Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources), 15 (5), 157-165. (In Persian)
Rukn al-Din Eftekhari, A.R., & Bouzarjomehri, Kh. (2005). An Analysis of the Status of Indigenous Knowledge in Sustainable Rural Development. Spatial Planning, 9 (1), 17-45. (In Persian)
Salajegh, F., & Moini, S. (2002). Study of Different Factors in Creating Optimal Conditions for Application of Flower Mohammadi in Drinking Jam. Agricultural Sciences of Iran, 33 (3) 413- 420. (In Persian)
Salmi Ghamsari, M., & Farhadi, K. (2010). A Part of Anthropology, Traditional Knowledge and Technology, Work of Traditional Tools for Rosewater Extraction in Qamsar. Journal of Social Science, 17 (48), 151-187. (In Persian)
Shabanzadeh, P., Baniasadi, M., Hayati, B., & Raheli, H. (2016). Economic valuation of recreational services and determination of visitors' willingness to pay for visits to urban tourism places (Case study: Isfahan Flower Garden). Economics and Urban Management, 4 (13), 1-17. (In Persian)
Shateriyan, M. (2003). Geographic and Population Developments in Kashan Area. Geographical Research, 35 (46), 63-73. (In Persian)
Soleimanipour, A., Nikooi, A.R., Bagheri, A. (2005). Investigation of marketing issues of Golmohammadi and its products (Rosewater and Essential Oil): A Case Study in Kashan, Iran. Water and Soil Science (Sciences and Technology, Agricultural and Natural Resources), 9 (1), 73-91. (In Persian)
Smith, M., & Puczko, L. (2014). Health, Tourism and Hospitality: Spas, Wellness and Medical Travel. New York: Routledge.
Statistical Center of Iran. (2006/2011). The Gazetteer of Rural Settlement of Iran. (In Persian)
Taghipour, A., & Mousavi Azad Kasmaii, A. (2001). Analyzing the diversification of exports and its impact on increasing non-oil exports: Case study Iran. Trade Studies, 5 (18), 109-143. (In Persian)
Tsanaktsidis, C.G., Tamoutsidis, E., Kasapidis, G., Itziou, A., & Ntina, E. (2012). Preliminary Results on Attributes of Distillation Products of the Rose Rosa damascene as a Dynamic and Friendly to the Environment Rural Crop. APCBEE Procedia, 1, 66–73.
World Bank. (2005). Rural Development Strategy; New Approach of World Bank. Institute for Research Planning and Agricultural Economics.
Yavari, K., Ashrafzadeh, H. R., Ahmadzadeh, Kh. (2010). Export diversification and productivity in the industries of the country. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, 10 (3), 53-73. (In Persian)
_||_Ahmadi, Katayoun; Sefidkon, Fatemeh; and Osareh, Mohammad Hassan. (2008). The Effect of Different Methods of Drying on the Quantity and Essential Quality of Three Rose Damascena Mill Genotypes. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2 (40), 162-176. (In Persian)
Alwani, M., & Rahmati, M.H. (2008). Economic research in the field of creating business in the flower industry and ornamental plants (Case study of Qom province). Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 11-55. (In Persian)
Amini, A., & Zahedi, T. (2016) Evaluation of the effects of cultivation and flowering of Mohammadi in the rural community of Lalazar Kerman. Geography and Planning, 20 (55), 1-28. (In Persian)
Aqdaii, S. R., & Rezaei, M. B. (2004). Study of variation in Rosa Damascena Mill performance in western regions of Iran. Iranian Herbal and Aromatic Plants Research, 20 (3) 333-344. (In Persian)
Arezi, M., & Azkia, M. (2010). The Effect of Rosewater Industry on the Economic Life of Rural Camoo in Kashan. Agricultural Extension and Education Researches, 3 (1), 71-82. .(In Persian)
Badri, S. A., Namdar, M., & Izadi, H. (2010). Specific Economic Activities and Its Effects on the Rural Economy (Case: Combine Harvesters in Fars Province). Spatial Planning, 14 (3), 151-1154. (In Persian)
Dhar, U., Manjkhola, S., Joshi, M., Bhatt, A., Bisht, A. K., & Joshi, M. (2002). Current status and future strategy for development of medicinal plants sector in Uttaranchal, India. Current Science, 83 (8), 956-964.
Dubey, N. K., Kumar, R., & Tripathi, P. (2004). Global promotion of herbal medicine: India's opportunity. Current Science, 86 (1), 37-41.
Dastmalchi, H. (1989). Rosewater-Making in Kashan. Desert, 24. (In Persian)
Doaguii, A.R., Ghazanfari Moghadam, A., & Fouladi, M.H. (2011). Investigation of kinetics and modeling of biogas production process from waste of Damask Rose remaining from essential extraction. Biosystem Engineering of Iran, 42 (1), 95-102. (In Persian)
Dowlatkhahi, M., Ghorbani Nahvji, M., Mehrafrin, A., Amininejad, Gh.R., & Dowlatkhahi, A. (2012). Ethnobutanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Kazeroon: Identification, Distribution and Traditional Usage. Medicinal Plants Quarterly, 11 (2), 163-178. (In Persian)
Ekor, M. (2014). The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Frontier in Pharmacology, 4, 1-10.
Fakhr Tabatabai, M. (1999). Lost Rings in the Chain of Crop Production to Industrial Process of Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Economics and Development, 7 (28), 233-251. (In Persian)
Farhoudi, R., & Hajilo, Z. (2013). The role of flowers and flowering on the development of the tourism industry in Mahallat. Geographic perspective (human studies), 7 (21), 78-87. (In Persian)
Fazaeli, H., Zahedifar, M., Norouzian, H., & Alavi, S. M. (2006). Investigation of Chemical Compositions of Golgi Pulp and the Possibility of Silylating it Using Additives. Research and Development, 19 (3) (72) in Animal and Aquaculture (58-65). (In Persian)
Firouznia, Gh., Zia Tavana, M. H., & Roknaddin Eftekhari, A.R. (2007). Explaining the Process of Village Development Using the Life Cycle Theory. Spatial Planning, 11 (1), 93-119. (In Persian)
Ghaffar, A.H. (2003). Investigating the Rosewater Industry in Kashan and its Economic Impact. Dissertation. Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Honarvar, M., Khoshkhoui, M., & Javidnia, K. (2008). Morphological characteristics, essential oil yield, amount of dry matter of flower and monotrines of two species of aromatic flowers of southern Iran. Journal of Iranian Gardening Science and Technology, 9 (3), 215-230. (In Persian)
Hosseini, R., Seyyed, A., Abarseji, Gh., & Hosseini (Habib), S. A. (2008). Medicinal Plants of
Golestan Province. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 24 (4), 472-498. (In Persian)
Iranmanesh, M., Najafi, S., & Yousefi, M. (2010). Ethnobutane Study of Medicinal Plants of Sistan Region. Herbal Medicines, 2, 61-68. (In Persian)
Iravani, H., Sha'ban Ali Fami, H., & Saadatzadeh, M. (2013). Comparison of Factors Affecting the Development of Aromatic Crops between Flower-Growers and Rosewater-Makers in Kashan. Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 29 (1), 225-236. (In Persian)
Javan, J., Alavizadeh, S. A. M., & Kermani, M. (2011) The Role of Diversification of Economic Activities in Sustainable Rural Development, A Case Study: Semirom. Geography, 9 (29), 17-43. (In Persian)
Krishna, A., Kumar, V., Singh, S., Singh, P., & Yadav, R. P. (2014). Impact assessment of aromatic crops distillation technology by the Indian cultivators: A case study. Current Science, 13, 67-73.
Kumar, M. R., & Janagam, D. (2011). Export and import pattern of medicinal plants in India. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 4 (3), 245-248.
Kardavani, P., & Ghaffar, A.H. (2004). Investigating the Rosewater Industry and Its Importance in the Qamsar of Kashan. Geographic Research, 36 (47), 95-109. (In Persian)
Kashafi Bonab, A.R. (2010). Relative Economic Advantage of Cultivation and Trade of Medicinal Plants in Iran and its Value in Global Markets. Commercial Reviews, 8 (44), 67-78. (In Persian)
Kouchaki, A.R., & Nasiri Mahallati, M., & Najafi, F. (2004). Biodiversity of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Iranian Ecosystems. Iranian Agricultural Researches, 2 (2) 208-215. (In Persian)
Mirshokraei, M. (2006). Rose & Rosewater Production Technology. Journal of Social Science, 34-35, 199-222. (In Persian)
Moradi Lakkeh, M., Ramezani, M., & Ansari, H. (2008). Demographic and Socio-economical Factors Related to the Use of Medicinal Plants/Herbs in Residents of Tehran. Journal of Surveying, 7 (4), 313-320. (In Persian)
Nanjunda, D. C. (2008). Rediscovering Rural Development: A Reflection on Potential and Prospects. New Delhi: Published by Sarup.
Osareh, M. H., Qorbanli, M., Allahverdi Mamaghani; B., Ghamari Zare, A., & Shahrzad, Sh. (2006). Effect of culture medium and growth regulators on the proliferation of Rosa Damascena Mill. Research and Development, 19 (3), 45-57. (In Persian)
Ramezannezhad Ghadi, R., & Parishani Forushani, M.R. (2008). Introduction of Some Medicinal Plants of Meymand Historical Region, Kerman Province. Journal of Plant Production Research (Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources), 15 (5), 157-165. (In Persian)
Rukn al-Din Eftekhari, A.R., & Bouzarjomehri, Kh. (2005). An Analysis of the Status of Indigenous Knowledge in Sustainable Rural Development. Spatial Planning, 9 (1), 17-45. (In Persian)
Salajegh, F., & Moini, S. (2002). Study of Different Factors in Creating Optimal Conditions for Application of Flower Mohammadi in Drinking Jam. Agricultural Sciences of Iran, 33 (3) 413- 420. (In Persian)
Salmi Ghamsari, M., & Farhadi, K. (2010). A Part of Anthropology, Traditional Knowledge and Technology, Work of Traditional Tools for Rosewater Extraction in Qamsar. Journal of Social Science, 17 (48), 151-187. (In Persian)
Shabanzadeh, P., Baniasadi, M., Hayati, B., & Raheli, H. (2016). Economic valuation of recreational services and determination of visitors' willingness to pay for visits to urban tourism places (Case study: Isfahan Flower Garden). Economics and Urban Management, 4 (13), 1-17. (In Persian)
Shateriyan, M. (2003). Geographic and Population Developments in Kashan Area. Geographical Research, 35 (46), 63-73. (In Persian)
Soleimanipour, A., Nikooi, A.R., Bagheri, A. (2005). Investigation of marketing issues of Golmohammadi and its products (Rosewater and Essential Oil): A Case Study in Kashan, Iran. Water and Soil Science (Sciences and Technology, Agricultural and Natural Resources), 9 (1), 73-91. (In Persian)
Smith, M., & Puczko, L. (2014). Health, Tourism and Hospitality: Spas, Wellness and Medical Travel. New York: Routledge.
Statistical Center of Iran. (2006/2011). The Gazetteer of Rural Settlement of Iran. (In Persian)
Taghipour, A., & Mousavi Azad Kasmaii, A. (2001). Analyzing the diversification of exports and its impact on increasing non-oil exports: Case study Iran. Trade Studies, 5 (18), 109-143. (In Persian)
Tsanaktsidis, C.G., Tamoutsidis, E., Kasapidis, G., Itziou, A., & Ntina, E. (2012). Preliminary Results on Attributes of Distillation Products of the Rose Rosa damascene as a Dynamic and Friendly to the Environment Rural Crop. APCBEE Procedia, 1, 66–73.
World Bank. (2005). Rural Development Strategy; New Approach of World Bank. Institute for Research Planning and Agricultural Economics.
Yavari, K., Ashrafzadeh, H. R., Ahmadzadeh, Kh. (2010). Export diversification and productivity in the industries of the country. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, 10 (3), 53-73. (In Persian)