تحلیل عملکرد دفاتر (ICT) در ارائه خدمات به سکونتگاههای روستایی (مطالعه موردی: نواحی روستایی شهرستان جیرفت)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه جیرفت، کرمان، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه جیرفت، کرمان، ایران
کلید واژه: اینترنت, توسعه روستایی, شهرستان جیرفت, دفاتر ICT, خدمات پست بانک,
چکیده مقاله :
در دهه های اخیر، جهان شاهد تغییرات بنیادی در عرصه های گوناگون بوده است. که این تغییرات تا حد زیادی محصول توسعه قابلیت‌های فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (ICT) بوده است از این رو در پژوهش حاضر سنجش سطح عملکرد دفاتر فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (ICT) در ارائه خدمات به نواحی روستایی شهرستان جیرفت مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است تحقیق حاضر به لحاظ ماهیت و روش شناسی توصیفی - تحلیلی از جهت هدف کاربردی و از نظر گستره موردی می‌باشد به منظور گردآوری داده ها از دو روش مطالعات اسنادی و بررسی های پیمایشی استفاده شد است. حوزه مورد مطالعه، ساکنین روستاهای دارای دفاتر ICT شهرستان جیرفت می‌باشد. با توجه به 3434 خانوار ساکن در این روستاها حجم نمونه آماری بر اساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 294 نفر برآورد شده است. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها در بخش توصیفی از جداول فراوانی، درصد و میانگین، انحراف معیار و ضریب تغییرات و در تحلیل استنباطی از آزمون T و رگرسیون چند متغیره با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شد است یافته های حاصل از فرمول شاخص عملکرد کل (TPI) و آزمون t تک نمونه ای نشان داد عملکرد دفاتر ICT در بین ابعاد مورد بررسی به جزء خدمات پست بانک، عملکرد مطلوبی نداشته اند. که به دلایل آن می‌توان به نا آشنا بودن روستاییان با خدمات مختلف اینترنتی، پایین بودن سرعت اینترنت وکافی نبودن تجهیزات مورد نیاز این دفاتر اشاره کرد نهایتاً اینکه نتایج رگرسیون چند متغیره نشان داد میزان تحصیلات، میزان آشنایی با رایانه و درآمد با استفاده مناسب از فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات رابطه معناداری وجود دارد.
In recent decades, the world has observed fundamental changes in different domains which has largely been the product of the development of (ICT) capabilities. Therefore, in the present study, the performance of ICT offices in providing services to rural regions of Jiroft county was analyzed. This study is descriptive-analytical, applied and case study, in terms of methodology, objective and scope, respectively. Two techniques of documentary studies and survey research were used in collecting data. The case study were residents living in villages with ICT offices in Jiroft county. Regarding 3434 households in these villages, the sample size was evaluated as 294 participants according to Cochran formula. To analyze data in descriptive part and inferential analysis, the frequency tables, percentage, mean scores, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation and also, t-test and multivariate regression via SPSS software were employed, respectively. Findings obtained from (TPI) total index performance formula and one sample t-test indicated that except of Post Bank Services, performance of ITC offices had not appropriate performance among dimensions studied. Some reasons of this problem could be cited as unfamiliarity of villagers with different internet services, lowness of internet speed, and insufficiency of required equipment in mentioned offices. Finally, results of multivariate regression showed that the education level, the degree of familiarity with computers, and income have significant correlations with proper uses of ICT.
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Galloway, L. & Mochrie, R. (2005). the use of ICT in rural firms: a policy-orientated literature review. Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 7 (3), 33-46.
Ilboudo, Jean-Pierre .(2001). FAO's Experience in the Area of Rural Radio, Including Information and Communication Technologies Servicing Rural Radio: New Contents, New Partnerships, Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, FAO, Rom
Proenza. M. (2001). Telecenters for socioeconomics and Rural Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, FAO,ITU, LADB,Washington, D.C.
Simone, C., & Christopher, S. (2003). Can information and communications technology applications contribute to poverty reduction? Lessons from rural India. Information Technology for Development. 10 (2), 73-84.
Suzuki, A., & Chamala, S. (1998). Role of Telecentres in Rural Development in Australia: Agriculture Information Technology in Asia and Oceania. The Asian Federation for Information Technology in Agricultyre, Queensland, Australia
_||_Afrakhteh, H., Eskandari Sani, M., & Esmailnejad, M. (2009). Role of carpet weaving in rural development: a case study of carpet-making workshops in the upper rural district of Velayat of Kashmar Township. Village and Development Quarterly, 1, 1-28. (In Persian)
Fazelnia, Gh., & Kiani, A. (2003). Information and communication technology and rural theoreticalexplanation of rich and poor information. Conference on information and communication technology in the village, Electronic Research Institute, Iran University of Science and Technology, pp. 19-28. (In Persian)
Hafeznia, M. R. (2005). Introduction to the Research Method in Humanities. Tehran: SAMT. (In Persian)
Hedayati Moghaddam, Z. (2008). Evaluation of the Role of Rural ICT Offices in Providing Services to the Rural Areas of Isfahan Province. Department of Geography, University of Isfahan. (In Persian)
Jalali, A. A. (2004). Electronic city. Tehran Science and Technology Publication. (In Persian)
Jalali, A. A., Abbasi, M. A. & Hosseini, E. (2003). The first comprehensive application center for rural information technology in Gharnabad Village. Proceedings of the conference on the use of information and communication technology in the village of 5th and 6th March 2003. Tehran: Iran University of Science and Technology, Electronic Research Institute. (In Persian)
Khalil Moghaddam, B., Khatouabadi, A. & Kalantari, Kh. (2008). Investigating the factors affecting the acceptance of ICT information and communication at the ICT community services in Gharnabad in Golestan Province. Journal of Village and Development, 11 (3), 51-76. (In Persian)
Khatounabadi, A. (2005). Aspects of sustainable development (thinking to action). Isfahan:Jihad DaneshgahiPublication of Isfahan University of Technology. (In Persian)
Mahatir, M. (2006). Appropriate business environment and conditions for knowledge-based business in developing countries. Isfahan's Scientific and Research Town. International Conference on Science and Technology Parks, Isfahan. (In Persian)
Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. (2004). Implementation instructions for equipping 10,000 villages of the country to Rural Communication Technology Information Offices, Tehran Computer Systems Processing Company. (In Persian)
MotieiLangroudi, S. H., Rezvani, M.R., Farajisabokbar, H.A., & Nemati, M. (2010). Socio-economic impact analysis of rural information and communication technology; a case study of the central district of Gorgan. Quarterlyof Geography, 8 (26), 33-59. (In Persian)
Nouri, M. (2006). Analysis of the background of the expansion of new information and communication technologies in rural development. Ph.D thesis, Department of Geography, TarbiatModarres University. (In Persian)
ReyahiVafa, A., & Hedayati, M. R. (2006). Ranking and prioritizing the villages of Tehran Province to convert rural postal offices to ICT offices with the aim of rural development and using numerical taxonomic classification method. Village and Development Quarterly, 9 (4), 1-36. (In Persian)
Rezvani, M. R. (2004). Introduction to Rural Development Planning in Iran.Tehran: Ghomes. (In Persian)
Salmanzadeh, S. (2006). Necessity of designing and implementing information technology systems, proceedings of the customs district conference and information and communication technology. Islamic Azad University of Maku Branch, Sefid Publication, 124-133. (In Persian)
Seddigh, M. J. (2005). The plan for information technology for sustainable human development, with the assistance of the organization for management and planning, the UNDP, Isfahan: BarinDaneshPajouhanInstitute. (In Persian)
Statistics Center of Iran. (2006). detailed results on population and housing census in JiroftCity. (In Persian)
Yaghoubi, N., Pahlavani, M., & Bar Karani, M. (2010). A Survey on the Situation of Rural Development Based on Information Technology in Sistan &Balouchestan. Journal of Science and Development, 18 (31). (In Persian)
ZandiPajouh, F. (2006). Customs and Information Technology, Proceedings of the Customs District Conference and Information and Communication Technology. Islamic Azad University of Maku Branch, Sefid Publication, 153-163. (In Persian)
Benjamin, P., & Dahms, M. (1999). Socialize the modem of production :The role of telecentersin development; Report of an International Meeting on Telecentre Evaluation September 28-30, Far Hillis Inn,Quebec,Canada, available online on http://www.idrc.ca/ telecenter/
Diazpuente. J. M., Gallege. F. J., & Vidueira, P. (2012). Information as a key tool for rural development. 25 years of experience in Spain. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 1208 - 1212.
Flach, M., & Amos, A. (2003). Tele-centers as a Way of achieving universal access – the case of Ghana. Telecommunications Policy, Vol 27.
Galloway, L. & Mochrie, R. (2005). the use of ICT in rural firms: a policy-orientated literature review. Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 7 (3), 33-46.
Ilboudo, Jean-Pierre .(2001). FAO's Experience in the Area of Rural Radio, Including Information and Communication Technologies Servicing Rural Radio: New Contents, New Partnerships, Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, FAO, Rom
Proenza. M. (2001). Telecenters for socioeconomics and Rural Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, FAO,ITU, LADB,Washington, D.C.
Simone, C., & Christopher, S. (2003). Can information and communications technology applications contribute to poverty reduction? Lessons from rural India. Information Technology for Development. 10 (2), 73-84.
Suzuki, A., & Chamala, S. (1998). Role of Telecentres in Rural Development in Australia: Agriculture Information Technology in Asia and Oceania. The Asian Federation for Information Technology in Agricultyre, Queensland, Australia