سنجش رابطه ی میان محل سکونت و انحرافات اجتماعی (مطالعه موردی: محلات حاشیه نشین و غیر حاشیه نشین نهضت آباد و گلستان شهر اهواز)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ایسعید ملکی 1 , نادیا داری پور 2 , زهرا سیاحی 3
1 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: GIS, حاشیه نشینی, انحرافات اجتماعی, شهراهواز,
چکیده مقاله :
حاشیه‌نشینی تجلی نابرابری اجتماعی- اقتصادی در زمینه عدم تعادل در توزیع متناسب امکانات و منابع جامعه است. توزیع امکانات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی در تمام مناطق کشورها به ویژه در کشورهای در حال توسعه دارای توزیع یکسانی نیست و باعث مهاجرت و انتقال جمعیت از مناطق فقیر به مناطق برخوردار می گردد و حاشیه‌نشینی بوجود می آید و مشکلاتی را در فرایند شهرنشینی به وجود می آورد که یکی از عناصر منفی در شهرنشینی است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی و سنجش رابطه‌ی میان محل سکونت و انحرافات اجتماعی میان محلات حاشیه‌نشین و غیر حاشیه‌نشین می‌باشد. از نظر هدف کارردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش شناسی توصیفی-تحلیلی است. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران از میان جامعه ی آماری تحقیق که خانوارهای ساکن محله ی نهضت آباد (حاشیه نشین) و گلستان (غیر حاشیه نشین) است محاسبه گردیده، و به طور تصادفی 300 نفر از محله ی نهضت آباد و 320 نفر از محله ی گلستان مورد پرسش گری قرار گرفته اند. جهت آزمون فرضیه ها از روش آزمون مقایسه میانگین دو متغیر و واریانس دو طرفه در محیط SPSS استفاده گردیده است. نقشه ها با استفاده از نرم افزار ARC GIS ترسیم شده اند. میانگین انحرافات اجتماعی در محله غیر حاشیه نشین گلستان برابر 97/1 و در محله حاشیه نشین نهضت آباد برابر 15/2 می باشد با توجه به (01/0=sig) و (614/2=T) تفاوت میانگین معنی دار است. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که میزان انحرافات اجتماعی در محله ی نهضت آباد بیش از محله ی گلستان می باشد. واریانس دو طرفه ارتباط متقابل میان محل سکونت، سطح تحصیلات و میزان درآمد را در میزان گرایش به انحرافات اجتماعی نشان می دهد.
Marginalization is the manifestation of social-economic inequality related to lack of balance in appropriate distribution of social facilities and resources of the society. The distribution of economic, social and political facilities is not balanced in all regions of the countries, especially in developing ones and causes migration and transfer population from poor to enjoyed areas, so this situation creates marginalization and creates problems in the process of urbanization which is considered as a negative element in urbanization. The objective of this study is the analysis and measurement of the relationship between residence place and social delinquencies and among marginalized and non- marginalized neighborhoods. This study is Practical and also Descriptive-analytical in terms of objective and also nature and methodology, respectively. Using Cochran formula, sample size was calculated from the population of research in which, the households living in Nehzatabad (marginalized), and Golestan (non-marginalized). Furthermore, 300 members and 320 members were surveyed randomly from Nehzatabad and Golestan, correspondingly. In order to analyze hypothesizes, comparing the mean of two variables and two-way variance were used by SPSS software. Maps were made using ARC GIS software. The mean of social delinquencies equals 1.97 and 2.15 in Nehzatabad marginalized and Golestan non-marginalized neighborhoods, respectively. Given GIS=0.01 and T=2.614, means are significantly different. Therefore it could be concluded that the level of social delinquencies in the Nehzatabad neighborhood is more than Golestan neighborhood. The two-way variance shows an interaction between residence place, education and income level in tendency toward social delinquencies.
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Amanpour, s., & Zarifi, K. (2012). Economic aspects of marginalization in Ahvaz. conference planning and urban management, Mashhad.(In Persian)
Ghader zade, H. (2014). Sustainable urban development and the marginalization, (Case Study: Baneh). the sixth national conference of planning and urban management, Mashhad. (In Persian)
Hedayat ahvazi. (2011). Ahvaz from the perspective of historians. the written media publications. (In Persian)
Kabi, M. (2001). Marginalization of wounds on the body of Ahwaz, No. 1285, East newspaper. (In Persian)
Movahed, Ali. (2010). Social and cultural aspects worn texture of Ahvaz (Case study: movement Abad district). Congress of urban distressed areas, the prospects for sustainable development, values and challenges, 113-1120. (In Persian)
Naghdi, A.A., & sadeghi, A. (2014). Marginalization challenge for sustainable urban development with an emphasis on Hamadan. Journal of Social Welfare, 5 (20), 213-233. (In Persian)
Movahed, A. (2011). Functional approach to sustainable urban neighborhood renewal, marginalized, Case Study: Neighborhood Saadi Shiraz. Human Geography Research, 45 (1), 105-122. (In Persian)
Olack, B. (2011). Nutritional Status of Under-five Children Living in an Informal Urban Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, ISSN 1606-0997,$5.00+0.20,Kenya. Medical Research Institute, NUTR, Aug, 29 (4), 357-363.
Rezaee, M.R., & kamandari, M. (2014). Analyzing the causes of the formation of squatters in the city of Kerman, sample CDs and Hassan districts. spatial planning (Geography), 4 (4), 196-179. (In Persian)
Salehi Amiri, S.R., & Khadaee, Z. (2011). Marginalization and informal settlements. Phoenix Publishing. (In Persian)
Statistical Center of Iran. (2011). Khuzestan Province Statistical Yearbook. (In Persian)