تبیین موانع یکپارچه سازی اراضی کشاورزی (مطالعه ی موردی: شهرستان بوکان)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
خالد کریمی
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران)
لقمان رشیدپور
2
(استادیار گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران)
سلیمان رسولی آذر
3
(استادیار گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران)
کلید واژه: اراضی کشاورزی, موانع, بوکان, یکپارچه‌سازی,
چکیده مقاله :
کشاورزی با واحدهای بهره‌برداری کوچک، به دلیل عدم استفاده مؤثر از فناوری و امکانات نوین، از عوامل محدود کننده بهره‌وری و بازدهی تولید در بخش کشاورزی محسوب می‌شودکه قادر به تامین حداقل مواد غذایی مورد نیاز جامعه نخواهد بود. این تحقیق با استفاده از روش توصیفی -پیمایشی با هدف بررسی موانع یکپارچه‌سازی اراضی در شهرستان بوکان انجام شده‌است. جامعه آماری تحقیق بهره‌برداران شهرستان بوکان بودند. از بینآن ها 200 نفر از طریق فرمول کوکران و به روش تصادفی ساده به نسبت متناسب انتخاب شدند. داده‌های مورد نیاز از طریق پرسش نامه محقق ساخته گردآوری شدند. روایی و پایایی پرسش نامه بر اساس نظر اساتید و کارشناسان مرتبط و با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (87 درصد) تأیید شد. نتایج توصیفی تحقیق نشان داد میانگین سنی بهره برداران 41 سال و به طور متوسط 21 سال سابقه کار کشاورزی داشتند. هر کشاورز به طور متوسط 3 قطعه زمین کشاورزی دراختیار دارد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد، شش عامل، موانع فرهنگی، موانع اجتماعی - مشارکتی، موانع آموزشی، موانع اقتصادی، موانع قانونی و سیاستگذاری و موانع ساختاری (توپوگرافی) در مجموع توانستند حدود 73 درصد از واریانس موانع یکپارچه‌سازی اراضی را تبیین کنند. نتایج نشان داد متغیرهای عدم آموزش روش های مناسب یکپارچه‌سازی، عدم شرکت کشاورزان در کلاس های توجیهی، رونق خرید و فروش اراضی کشاورزی، باورهایسنتی جامعه در مورد اراضی، ساختار قوانین خاص نظیر ارث و وقف، مالکیت زمین، عدم توجه به وضعیت اقتصادی روستاییان، عدم مشارکت بانک ها، عدم سرمایه گذاری مناسب در بخشکشاورزی، متغیرهای مهم تبیین موانع شش‌گانه یکپارچه‌سازی اراضی کشاورزی شهرستان بوکان می‌باشند.
Agriculture with small-scale units, because of the lack of effective use of technology and modern facilities, is considered to be a limiting factor in the productivity and productivity of production in the agricultural sector, which cannot provide the minimum food needed by the community. This research uses a descriptive-survey method to study the barriers of land consolidation in the Bokan County. Statistical population of the study was included all Agricultural beneficiaries of Boukan county that out of them, 200 sample were selected by Cochran formula in a simple random sampling method.The researcher-made questionnaire was used for data gathering that’s validity and reliability was confirmed by experts and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.87. Descriptive results showed that the average age of the farmers was 41 years and had an average of 21 years of agricultural work experience. The average owner of each farmer was 3 pieces of land. The results of factor analysis showed that six factors included; cultural barriers, social-participatory barriers, educational barriers, economic barriers, legal barriers and policy and structural barriers (topography) could explain about 73% of the variance of barriers to land consolidation.The results showed that, lack of training on appropriate consolidation methods, lack of farmers' participation in explanation classes, buying and selling agricultural land, traditional beliefs, the structure of certain laws such as inheritance and grant, land ownership, lack of attention to the rural economy, lack of participation of banks and lack of proper investment in agricultural sector, are the most important variables of the six-factor barriers of agricultural land consolidation in the Boukan county.
Ahmadi, A., & Amini, A. (2008). Factors affecting requests for land consolidation projects in the opinions of experts in Kermanshah and Lenjanat Region in Isfahan.Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 11 (42), 283-296. (In Persian)
Akkaya Aslan, T. S., Gundogdu, S. K., Yaslioglu, E., Kirmikil, M., & Arici, I. (2007). Personal, physical and socioeconomic factors affecting farmer’s adoption of land consolidation. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 5 (2), 204-213.
Amirnejad, H., & Rafei, H. (2009). Economic and financial integration of rural areas lie in the plains of Mazandaran. Journal of Rural Development, 12 (4), 99-123. (In Persian)
Ashkar ahangar kalaie, M., Asadpour, H., & Alipour, A. (2006). Attitudes of farmers to plan for integration of paddy Mazandaran (Case Study: Glyrd Village of Joibar County), Agricultural Economics and Development, 14 (55), 135-153. (In Persian)
Ashrafi, M., Mehrbanian, E., & Ahmadpour Kakhki, A. (2006). Investigating the system of micro and peasant utilization in Iranian agriculture: bottlenecks, policies and supportive strategies. Deputy of Ministry of Agricultural Utilities. Sixth Iranian Agriculture Economics Conference. (In Persian)
Crecente, R., Alvarez, C., & Fra, U. (2002). Economic, social and environmental impact of land consolidation in Galicia. Land Use Policy, 19, 135-147.
Demetrious, D., Stillwell, J., & See, L. (2012). Land consolidation in Cyprus: Why is an integrated planning and decision support system required? Land Use Policy, 29 (1), 131-142.
Eghbali, J. (2015). Barriers to agricultural land integration in rashmobo shomali (Buin Miyandasht County). National Conference on Perspective of Sustainable Rural Development in the Sixth Development Plan, University of Tehran, February 15, 2015. (In Persian)
Einali, J., Farahani, H., & Sohrabi Vafa, S. (2013). Evaluation of the role of agricultural land integration in improving production in the water exploitation of Khararod village in 10. Khodabandeh city. Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, 2 (1). 51-69. (In Persian)
Gergievsk, k. (2005). Land consolidation as one of the modes for the enlargement of agricultural land in Macedonia. Journal Central European Agriculture, 6 (4), 562-574.
Ghadimi, S. A., Esahaghi, S. R., Nasrabadi, P., & Azami, M. (2012). Investigating the reasons for non-adoption of land consolidation plan and providing solutions for agricultural land integration (Case Study: Village Zayandeh Rude Shomali, Frieden County). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 42 (4). 675-661. (In Persian)
Gonzales Garcia, I. (2007). Land consolidation in Spain: The land registryperspective. UNECE WPLA Workshop, 24th-25th May, Munich.Available on: http://www.registradores.org.
Gonzalez, X. P., Alvarez, C. J., & Crecente, R. (2004). Evaluation of land distributions with joint regard to plot size and shape. Agricultural Systems, 82 (1), 31-43.
Hadipour, M., & Lasmipour, R. (2015). Socioeconomic implications of agricultural land integration and its role on rural development, National Conference on Sustainable Rural Development Perspective, Sixth Development Plan, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Haghighat, M. S., Iravani, H., Kalantari, Kh. & Ghdimi, S. A. (2013). Analysis of barriers to adoption of land Consolidation Plan from Fars Province farmers' perspective. Agricultural Extension and Education Researches, 6 (1), 110-97. (In Persian)
Herzog, F., & Gotsch, N. (1998). Assessing the sustainability of smallholder tree crop production in the tropice: A Methodlogical Outline Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 11 (4), 13-37.
Hjrati, M. H., & Afshari, M. (2010). The role of land ownership in rural eevelopment (Case Study: Rostan-e-Bazar Torbat Heydarieh). Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, 3 (1). 123-136. (In Persian)
Jamshidi, A. R., Teimori, M., & Rosta, K. (2009). Factors affecting on the participation of farmers in making schemes land consolidation Ilam province (Case study SHirvan CHardaval city). Journal of Rural and Development, 12 (1), 109-127. (In Persian)
Jawan, J., & Sabounchi, Z. (2012). Investigating the factors affecting breakdown and challenges on agricultural land integration (Case Study: Neishabour Plain). Geographical Studies in Arid Areas, 2 (8), 1-19. (In Persian)
Kalantari, Kh. (2008) Prossesing and data analysis in social-economic research. Tehran: Saba culture publications. (In Persian)
Kalantari, Kh., Hoseini, M., & Abdollah zadeh, Gh. (2005). Reorganization and integration oagricultural land use practices in Eastern Europe. Journal of Rural and Development, 8 (3), 67-104. (In Persian)
Khorami, M. (2006). The effects of integration on the development of agricultural lands, agricultural villages in Kermanshah Province (Case study: rural village of Hassan Abad Ravansar). Master's thesis, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran. (In Persian)
Kovandova, M. (2006). Could the land consolidation process be ane tool for nature and environmental protection in the Czech Republic? Shaping the Change, XXIII FIG Congress. Munich, Germany, October 8-13, Web site: www.la-ma.cz.
Lisec, A., & Pintar M. (2005). Conservation of natural ecosystems by land consolidation in the rural landscape. Acta Agricultural Slovenica, 85 (1), 73-82.
Mansourfar, K. (2006). Advanced Statistical Methods; Using Applied Software. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Miranda, D., Crecente, R., & Alvarez, M. F. (2006). Land consolidation in inland rural Galicia, N.W. Spain, since 1950: an example of the formulation and use of questions, criteria and indicators for evaluation of rural development policies. Land Use Policy. 23 (4), 511-520.
Mirzaei, H., Taleb, M., & Kakpour M. (2005). Rooting of the reasons for the farmers in the Khuzestan region, agreeing to participate in land consolidation projects (Case study: Selected villages in Bokan County). Human Geography Research, 47 (2), 337-349. (In Persian)
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B., & Nabati, A. (2013). Analysis of agricultural development barriers in rural areas using analytical hierarchy. Journal of Geographical Space Research, Islamic Azad University of Ahar. 13 (44).135-152. (In Persian)
Perfecto, I., & Vandermeer, J. (2010). The agroecological matrix as alternative to the landsparing/ agriculture intensification model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107 (13), 5786-5791.
Rezaei, A., Rashidpour, L., & Rasouli Azar, S. (2004). Analysis of barriers to failure in agricultural land consolidation (Case Study: Urmia county). Master's thesis. Agricultural Management Department, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch. (In Persian)
Roknedin Eftekhari, A.R. (2003). Agricultural Development (concepts, principles, methods, planning the integration of agricultural land). Tehran: Samt Publications. (In Persian)
Roosta, K., & Timuri, M. (2009). Prioritizing the barriers to implementation of land consolidation plan in South Khorasan Province (Case Study: Darmian City). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2 (40), 153-145. (In Persian)
Saramad, Z., Bazargan, A., & Hejazi, E. (1999). Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences. Aagah Publishing Tehran. (In Persian)
Shirdel, A., Ghaffari, O., Bagheri, A., & Ghorbani, A. (2012). A Study on the barriers to agricultural land consolidation in Ardabil County, Proceedings of the 4th Congress of Science and Education on Agricultural and Natural Resources of Iran (Karaj). (In Persian)
Sklenicka, P. (2006). Applying evaluation criteria for the land consolidation effect to three contrasting study areas in the Czech Republic. Land Use Policy, 23 (4), 502-510.
Statistical Center of Iran (2016). Detailed Results of the General Agricultural Census. West Azarbaijan Province, A report on Ariculture. (In Persian)
Sundqvist, P., & Andersson, L. (2006). A study of the impacts of land fragmentation on agricultural productivity in Northern Vietnam. Bachelor thesis, Departement of Economics, Uppsala University, 41-49.
Yu, J., Feng, J., Che, Y., Lin, X., Hu, L., & Yang, Sh. (2010). The identification and assessment of ecological risks for land consolidation based on the anticipation of ecosystem stabilization: A case study in Hubei Province. China. Land Use Policy, 27 (2), 293-303.
Zare, A. (2000). Land distribution in Fars provins, effects and causes. Proceeding of Third Confernce of Agricultural Economics, Mashhad Ferowsi Univercity. (In Persian)
Zarifian, Sh., Damavandi, A., & Saadi, H. (2012). Factors affecting adoption of land Consolidation plan in Kabudarahang Villages of Hamadan Province. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 26 (4), 243-237. (In Persian)
Zhou, J. M. (1999). How to carry out land consolidation: An international comparison. EUI Working Paper ECO, No. 99/1.
_||_Ahmadi, A., & Amini, A. (2008). Factors affecting requests for land consolidation projects in the opinions of experts in Kermanshah and Lenjanat Region in Isfahan.Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 11 (42), 283-296. (In Persian)
Akkaya Aslan, T. S., Gundogdu, S. K., Yaslioglu, E., Kirmikil, M., & Arici, I. (2007). Personal, physical and socioeconomic factors affecting farmer’s adoption of land consolidation. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 5 (2), 204-213.
Amirnejad, H., & Rafei, H. (2009). Economic and financial integration of rural areas lie in the plains of Mazandaran. Journal of Rural Development, 12 (4), 99-123. (In Persian)
Ashkar ahangar kalaie, M., Asadpour, H., & Alipour, A. (2006). Attitudes of farmers to plan for integration of paddy Mazandaran (Case Study: Glyrd Village of Joibar County), Agricultural Economics and Development, 14 (55), 135-153. (In Persian)
Ashrafi, M., Mehrbanian, E., & Ahmadpour Kakhki, A. (2006). Investigating the system of micro and peasant utilization in Iranian agriculture: bottlenecks, policies and supportive strategies. Deputy of Ministry of Agricultural Utilities. Sixth Iranian Agriculture Economics Conference. (In Persian)
Crecente, R., Alvarez, C., & Fra, U. (2002). Economic, social and environmental impact of land consolidation in Galicia. Land Use Policy, 19, 135-147.
Demetrious, D., Stillwell, J., & See, L. (2012). Land consolidation in Cyprus: Why is an integrated planning and decision support system required? Land Use Policy, 29 (1), 131-142.
Eghbali, J. (2015). Barriers to agricultural land integration in rashmobo shomali (Buin Miyandasht County). National Conference on Perspective of Sustainable Rural Development in the Sixth Development Plan, University of Tehran, February 15, 2015. (In Persian)
Einali, J., Farahani, H., & Sohrabi Vafa, S. (2013). Evaluation of the role of agricultural land integration in improving production in the water exploitation of Khararod village in 10. Khodabandeh city. Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, 2 (1). 51-69. (In Persian)
Gergievsk, k. (2005). Land consolidation as one of the modes for the enlargement of agricultural land in Macedonia. Journal Central European Agriculture, 6 (4), 562-574.
Ghadimi, S. A., Esahaghi, S. R., Nasrabadi, P., & Azami, M. (2012). Investigating the reasons for non-adoption of land consolidation plan and providing solutions for agricultural land integration (Case Study: Village Zayandeh Rude Shomali, Frieden County). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 42 (4). 675-661. (In Persian)
Gonzales Garcia, I. (2007). Land consolidation in Spain: The land registryperspective. UNECE WPLA Workshop, 24th-25th May, Munich.Available on: http://www.registradores.org.
Gonzalez, X. P., Alvarez, C. J., & Crecente, R. (2004). Evaluation of land distributions with joint regard to plot size and shape. Agricultural Systems, 82 (1), 31-43.
Hadipour, M., & Lasmipour, R. (2015). Socioeconomic implications of agricultural land integration and its role on rural development, National Conference on Sustainable Rural Development Perspective, Sixth Development Plan, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Haghighat, M. S., Iravani, H., Kalantari, Kh. & Ghdimi, S. A. (2013). Analysis of barriers to adoption of land Consolidation Plan from Fars Province farmers' perspective. Agricultural Extension and Education Researches, 6 (1), 110-97. (In Persian)
Herzog, F., & Gotsch, N. (1998). Assessing the sustainability of smallholder tree crop production in the tropice: A Methodlogical Outline Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 11 (4), 13-37.
Hjrati, M. H., & Afshari, M. (2010). The role of land ownership in rural eevelopment (Case Study: Rostan-e-Bazar Torbat Heydarieh). Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, 3 (1). 123-136. (In Persian)
Jamshidi, A. R., Teimori, M., & Rosta, K. (2009). Factors affecting on the participation of farmers in making schemes land consolidation Ilam province (Case study SHirvan CHardaval city). Journal of Rural and Development, 12 (1), 109-127. (In Persian)
Jawan, J., & Sabounchi, Z. (2012). Investigating the factors affecting breakdown and challenges on agricultural land integration (Case Study: Neishabour Plain). Geographical Studies in Arid Areas, 2 (8), 1-19. (In Persian)
Kalantari, Kh. (2008) Prossesing and data analysis in social-economic research. Tehran: Saba culture publications. (In Persian)
Kalantari, Kh., Hoseini, M., & Abdollah zadeh, Gh. (2005). Reorganization and integration oagricultural land use practices in Eastern Europe. Journal of Rural and Development, 8 (3), 67-104. (In Persian)
Khorami, M. (2006). The effects of integration on the development of agricultural lands, agricultural villages in Kermanshah Province (Case study: rural village of Hassan Abad Ravansar). Master's thesis, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran. (In Persian)
Kovandova, M. (2006). Could the land consolidation process be ane tool for nature and environmental protection in the Czech Republic? Shaping the Change, XXIII FIG Congress. Munich, Germany, October 8-13, Web site: www.la-ma.cz.
Lisec, A., & Pintar M. (2005). Conservation of natural ecosystems by land consolidation in the rural landscape. Acta Agricultural Slovenica, 85 (1), 73-82.
Mansourfar, K. (2006). Advanced Statistical Methods; Using Applied Software. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Miranda, D., Crecente, R., & Alvarez, M. F. (2006). Land consolidation in inland rural Galicia, N.W. Spain, since 1950: an example of the formulation and use of questions, criteria and indicators for evaluation of rural development policies. Land Use Policy. 23 (4), 511-520.
Mirzaei, H., Taleb, M., & Kakpour M. (2005). Rooting of the reasons for the farmers in the Khuzestan region, agreeing to participate in land consolidation projects (Case study: Selected villages in Bokan County). Human Geography Research, 47 (2), 337-349. (In Persian)
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B., & Nabati, A. (2013). Analysis of agricultural development barriers in rural areas using analytical hierarchy. Journal of Geographical Space Research, Islamic Azad University of Ahar. 13 (44).135-152. (In Persian)
Perfecto, I., & Vandermeer, J. (2010). The agroecological matrix as alternative to the landsparing/ agriculture intensification model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107 (13), 5786-5791.
Rezaei, A., Rashidpour, L., & Rasouli Azar, S. (2004). Analysis of barriers to failure in agricultural land consolidation (Case Study: Urmia county). Master's thesis. Agricultural Management Department, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch. (In Persian)
Roknedin Eftekhari, A.R. (2003). Agricultural Development (concepts, principles, methods, planning the integration of agricultural land). Tehran: Samt Publications. (In Persian)
Roosta, K., & Timuri, M. (2009). Prioritizing the barriers to implementation of land consolidation plan in South Khorasan Province (Case Study: Darmian City). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2 (40), 153-145. (In Persian)
Saramad, Z., Bazargan, A., & Hejazi, E. (1999). Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences. Aagah Publishing Tehran. (In Persian)
Shirdel, A., Ghaffari, O., Bagheri, A., & Ghorbani, A. (2012). A Study on the barriers to agricultural land consolidation in Ardabil County, Proceedings of the 4th Congress of Science and Education on Agricultural and Natural Resources of Iran (Karaj). (In Persian)
Sklenicka, P. (2006). Applying evaluation criteria for the land consolidation effect to three contrasting study areas in the Czech Republic. Land Use Policy, 23 (4), 502-510.
Statistical Center of Iran (2016). Detailed Results of the General Agricultural Census. West Azarbaijan Province, A report on Ariculture. (In Persian)
Sundqvist, P., & Andersson, L. (2006). A study of the impacts of land fragmentation on agricultural productivity in Northern Vietnam. Bachelor thesis, Departement of Economics, Uppsala University, 41-49.
Yu, J., Feng, J., Che, Y., Lin, X., Hu, L., & Yang, Sh. (2010). The identification and assessment of ecological risks for land consolidation based on the anticipation of ecosystem stabilization: A case study in Hubei Province. China. Land Use Policy, 27 (2), 293-303.
Zare, A. (2000). Land distribution in Fars provins, effects and causes. Proceeding of Third Confernce of Agricultural Economics, Mashhad Ferowsi Univercity. (In Persian)
Zarifian, Sh., Damavandi, A., & Saadi, H. (2012). Factors affecting adoption of land Consolidation plan in Kabudarahang Villages of Hamadan Province. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 26 (4), 243-237. (In Persian)
Zhou, J. M. (1999). How to carry out land consolidation: An international comparison. EUI Working Paper ECO, No. 99/1.