ارزیابی سطح و سرانه کاربری های خدماتی در مقیاس محلات شهری (مطالعه موردی: محلات جدید و قدیمی شهر رشت)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
علی صفاری راد
1
(دانش آموخته دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد ملایر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملایر، ایران)
مجید شمس
2
(استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد ملایر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملایر، ایران)
عباس ملک حسینی
3
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد ملایر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملایر، ایران)
کلید واژه: شهر رشت, محلات شهری, کاربری های خدماتی, سطح و سرانه,
چکیده مقاله :
اهمیت محلات به عنوان کوچکترین جزء نظام شهری در هدایت توسعه پایدار شهری موضوعی انکارناپذیر است. مقاله حاضر در محدوده محلات شهر رشت در راستای پاسخگویی به این سوال که آیا اصول ساختاری محله های مورد مطالعه از نظر سطح کاربری ها در شهر رشت مناسب می باشد و خدمات و رفاه نسبی را فراهم می کند؟ انجام گرفته است. روش تحقیق، به لحاظ هدف کاربردی، به لحاظ ماهیت توصیفی – تحلیلی و روش جمع آوری اطلاعات، روش کتابخانه ای و میدانی می باشد. بدین منظور ابتدا وضعیت کاربری های اراضی و خدمات در محلات بررسی و با ضوابط استاندارد هر کدام مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت و سپس راهبرد بهینه در راستای بهبود وضعیت محلات ارائه گردید. جامعه آماری در این تحقیق ساکنان تعداد 4 محله جدید و 4 محله قدیمی است، این محلات دارای 100263 نفر جمعیت می باشد، که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 366 نفر از ساکنان این محلات به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند و با توجه به نزدیک بودن تعداد جمعیت محلات جدید(49663 نفر) و محلات قدیمی(50600 نفر)، تعداد 183 پرسشنامه در محلات جدید و 183 پرسشنامه در محلات قدیمی تکمیل گردید. نتایج بررسی ها نشان می دهد میزان سرانه کاربری مورد نیاز در سطح محلات جدید مانند؛ بلوار گیلان، چمران، آزاد و حمیدیان به ترتیب 38/14، 34/3، 01/8 و 27/12 و در سطح محلات قدیمی مانند؛ باقرآباد، دباغیان، یخسازی و پاسکیاب به ترتیب 19/10، 85/26، 7/20 و 47/12 متر مربع می باشد. در مجموع با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده می توان گفت که اصول ساختاری محله های مورد مطالعه از نظر سطح کاربری ها در شهر رشت مناسب نمی باشد و خدمات و رفاه نسبی را فراهم نمی کند.
The importance of neighborhoods as the smallest component of urban system in the sustainable urban development is an undeniable issue. This study was done in old and new neighborhoods of the Rasht city in Guilan province to answer the questions that whether or not the principal structures in terms of land use level is in an appropriate condition? The research methodology was applied and also, descriptive-analytical, in terms of objective and nature, respectively, and information gathering method is library and field method. Thus, first, the land use status and services were investigated and each was compared with standard rules, then an optimal strategy to improve the situation of old and new neighborhoods was presented. The population of the study were residents of 4 new and 4 old neighborhoods with 100263 numbers which were selected as the sample size of this study. In this regard, because of the proximity of the number of new neighborhood (49663 numbers) and old communities (50600 numbers), 183 questionnaires in each new and old neighborhoods were completed. The results of the study indicates that per capita usage requirement in new neighborhoods like Gilan Blvd., Chamran, Azad and Hamidian were 14.38, 3.34, 8.01, and 12.27 And in old neighborhoods like Baqerabad, Dabaghian, Yakhsazy, and Paskiab were 10.19, 26.85, 20.7, and 12.47, respectively. Generally, in accordance with the findings of the study, it can be said that the structural principles of the studied neighborhoods are not suitable for the level of use in Rasht city and do not provide relative services and welfare.
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_||_Ahadnezhad, M., Ghasemi, A., & Kazemi, L. (2014). Use theurban development strategy pattern in the use of green space planning(Case study: District 1 of Zanjan city). Journal of Geography and Urban Planning of Zagros Landscape,6 (19), 7-21. (In Persian)
AmeriSiahouee, H.R., & Zand, S. (2014). Foundations of urban studies. Payame Noor University Press. (In Persian)
Azizi, M.M., Gha’raee, A. (2014). Land use planning forsustainable local development with emphasis on energy efficiency optimization (Cae Study: Darous District. Tehran). City Identity Magazine, 9 (22), 5-18. (In Persian)
Barton, H., Grant, M., & Guise, R. (2003). Shaping Neighborhoods: A guide for health, sustainability and vitality. London and New York, Spon press.
Geographic Organization of the Armed Forces. (2016).
Habitat, O. (1996). An Urbanizing World Global report on human settlement. oxford, London.
Habibi, S.M., & Masayeli, S. (2007).Capitation of urban uses. Publications of the National Land and Housing Agency, Office of Land and Housing Studies (3rd Edition). (In Persian)
Housing and Urban Development Organization of Guilan Province. (2015). Detailed design of Rasht city. Study of Status Que. NaghsheJahan- Pars Consulting Engineers. (In Persian)
Hosseini, S.A, Bahrami, Y., & GhaderiMotlagh, I. (2015). Analysis of the impact of local performance on the manner of citizens’ travels. (Case study: Rasht City). Researches in human geography, 46 (3), 657-676. (In Persian)
Ministry of interior construction planning office. (2002). Capitation of uses of urban services.Vol I, Publications of the Organization of Municipalities.
Management and Planning Organization of Guilan Province. (2011). Detailed results of the general census of population and housing. Planning Deputy, Office of Statistics and Information. (In Persian)
Mehdizadeh, J. (2000). Land use planning, evolution in views and methods. City Management Quarterly, 1 (4), 74-79.
Mirkatouli, J. (2010). Introduction to urban land supply planning. MakhtoumgholiFaraghi Publications in collaboration with the University of Agricultural Science and Natural Sources. Gorgan.
Mousavi, L., Shams, M., & Ghanbari, N. (2015). Analysis of land use of urban settlement old texture (Case Study: Central Part of Kermanshah City). Journal of Studies and Planning of Human Settlements. 10 (32), 113-124.
Madanipour, A. )2003 .(How relevant is planning by neighbourhoods today? In town planning Review, 72 (2). (In Persian)
Pourmohammadi, M.R. (2008). Urban land use planning (4th ed), Tehran: SAMT Publication. (In Persian)
Rahnamaee, M.T., Shah Hosseini, P. (2004). Urban planning process of Iran country. SAMTPublication, Tehran City. (In Persian)
Salek, N. (2007). Factors affecting the sustainability of local development in urban planning process (Case Study: Dehvanak, District 3 of Tehran), Master Thesis for Urban Planning, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, TarbiatModarres University. (In Persian)
Ziari, K.A. (2012). Planning new cities. (13th ed). SAMT Edition. (In Persian)