ارزیابی اثرات گردشگری خانه‌های دوم بر روی کیفیت زندگی ساکنین دائمی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان سعیدآباد، شهرستان ایجرود)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای

اعظم بیگدلی ¹ , جمشید عینالی ² , علیرضا رابط ³ , فریبا عباسی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
3 - استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویجی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران
4 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/12/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/03/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/03/01

کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, گردشگری روستایی, استان زنجان, خانه‌های دوم,

چکیده مقاله :

گردشگری روستایی به عنوان یک فعالیت اجتماعی- اقتصادی می‌تواند نقش مهمی در تنوع بخشی به اقتصاد روستایی از طریق ایجاد زمینه‌های شغلی و درآمدی جدید برعهده بگیرد که همین امر نیز می‌تواند به بهبود زندگی و ارتقای کیفیت آن در جوامع روستایی کمک کند. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیرات گردشگری و توسعه خانه های دوم در شاخص‌های کیفیت زندگی ساکنین دائمی در نقاط روستایی دهستان سعیدآباد از توابع شهرستان ایجرود (استان زنجان) است. نوع تحقیق کاربردی و به لحاظ ماهیت توصیفی- تحلیلی است. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسش نامه استفاده شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون‌های آماری نظیر t تک نمونه‌ای، همبستگی و رگرسیون چندمتغیره استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری تحقیق دربرگیرنده خانوارهای ساکن در روستاهای واقع در محدوده دهستان سعیدآباد است که از تعداد 818 خانوار ساکن دائمی، با استفاده از فرمول نمونه‌گیری 313 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که توسعه گردشگری در یک دهه اخیر توانسته است تاثیرات مثبتی بر روی شاخص‌های کیفیت زندگی روستاییان داشته باشد. از طرفی دیگر، نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون با توجه به ضریب تعیین (924/0) نشاندهنده تاثیر مثبت توسعه گردشگری خانه‌های دوم در بهبود شاخص‌های کیفیت زندگی ساکنین در منطقه مورد مطالعه است. به طوری که، توسعه گردشگری خانه های دوم در محدوده مورد مطالعه در ابعاد کالبدی- زیرساختی (418/0) و ابعاد اقتصادی (375/0) بیشترین تاثیر مستقیم را در شاخص کیفیت زندگی از دیدگاه ساکنین محلی برجا گذاشته است. همچنین، نتیجه تحلیل مسیر نشان می دهد که توسعه گردشگری خانه های دوم به ترتیب در ابعاد اقتصادی با (716/0) و ابعاد کالبدی- زیرساختی با (640/0) بیشترین تاثیر را در کیفیت زندگی ساکنین داشته است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Rural tourism as a socio-economic activity can play an important role in diversification of rural economy by creating job and income opportunities; this can also help to improve and enhance the quality of life in rural communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of second houses tourism on life quality of permanent residents in rural areas of Saidabad County in Ijrud Township (Zanjan Province). In this applied research we have used descriptive- analytical methods. For data collection, field techniques such as questionnaire and interview were used. For data analyzing, statistical tests such as one sample t-test, correlation and multiple variable regression were used. The sample includes villages in Saidabad County and from the total number of 818 households, 216 cases were chosen by using Cochran formula. The results of study show that tourism developments in the last decade have had positive impacts on the criteria of life quality in rural areas. On the other hand, results of regression analysis, according to R square coefficient (0.924), indicate the positive effect of second houses tourism development on improving the residents' life quality indicators in the study area; so that among the impacts of developing second houses tourism on life quality, economic (0.450) and physical- infrastructural (0.349) aspects respectively have had the most direct impact on life quality index from the viewpoints of local residents; and also the result of path analysis shows that second houses tourism development has had the greatest impact on residents' life quality in economic (0.716) and physical- infrastructural (0.640) dimensions respectively.

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