تحلیلی بر کارکرد و نقش عوامل طبیعی در مکان‌گزینی و گسترش کالبد شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر کامیاران)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
محمد صدیق قربانی
1
(استادیار جغرافیای طبیعی (ژئومورفولوژی)، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران)
مسعود علیمرادی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه رازی ، کرمانشاه، ایران)
فرزاد ویسی
3
(استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران)
رامین قربانی
4
(دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد برنامه‌ریزی آمایش‌سرزمین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: گسترش کالبدی, مدل تحلیل سلسله مراتبی, عوامل طبیعی, RS و GIS, شهر کامیاران,
چکیده مقاله :
توسعۀ فیزیکی شهر کامیاران و چگونگی برخورد آن با واحدهای مختلف طبیعی و ژئومورفیک شامل تپه ها، رودخانه، آبرفت های قدیمی و خطوط گسل مسائل مهم و چالش برانگیزی را به همراه داشته است. پژوهش حاضر در پی شناخت عوامل موثر بر مکان‌گزینی و توسعه‌فیزیکی شهر و ارائه مدلی مناسب با توجه به این عوامل جهت توسعه آتی شهر کامیاران می باشد. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش، توصیفی - تحلیلی است. در این بررسی از مشاهدۀ میدانی، عکس‌های‌هوایی، تصاویر ماهواره‌ای (لندست) و DEM27 متر منطقه، جهت استخراج بخش عمده‌ای از اطلاعات و نقشه‌ها در محیط GISاستفاده شده است. مجموعه داده ها در مدل تحلیل سلسه مراتبی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. براساس نتایج، تقریباً 33 درصد از محدوده کنونی شهر کامیاران در پهنه‌های دارای تناسب مطلوب احداث شده اند. زمین‌های دارای تناسب متوسط و کم به ترتیب در اولویتهای بعدی قرار می‌گیرند. احداث بخش‌هایی از شهر در محدوده تپه پیر‌محمد و حواشی آن، در محدوده حریم رودخانه کامیاران و آبراهه حسیل قادر، و همچنین در تپه گله چرمو و تپه ماهورهای شرق رودخانه کامیاران که فاز 3 شهرک بعثت و بخشی از فاز یک بر روی آن احداث شده، بیانگر عدم توجه به عوامل مناسب طبیعی می‌باشد. دلیل این وضعیت بیشتر به خواست مالکان و علایق مهاجران اولیه به سکونت در مسیرهای مواصلاتی به نواحی مبدأ مهاجرت آنها بر می گردد .نهایتاً باید اشاره نمود که براساس مدل نهایی تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، در محدوده 34 کیلومتر مربعی‌ای که پیرامون شهر در نظر گرفته شده است، نزدیک به 29 درصد از مساحت آن، از تناسب زیاد و خیلی‌زیاد برای توسعه برخوردار بوده که در شمال‌شرقی، شمال‌غربی، غرب و جنوب‌غربی موقعیت کنونی شهر کامیاران قرار گرفته‌اند.
Physical development of Kamyaran city and how to deal with various natural and geomorphic units, including hills, rivers, old alluviums and fault lines have brought important issues and challenges. This study seeks to identify factors influencing the location and development of Kamyaran and regarding these factors provide an appropriate model for the future development of this city. This study is applied and descriptive-analytical research in term of objective and method, respectively. In this study field observation, aerial photos, satellite imagery (Landsat) and DEM 27 meters were used to extract much of the information and maps in the GIS software. Data sets were examined and analyzed in Analytical Hierarchy Model. According to the results, almost 33% of the Kamyaran current limits were built in areas with optimal fit. Lands with the proportion of medium and low fitness are in next priority, correspondingly. Constructed parts of the city on the foothills Pir Mohammad and its surrounding areas, around Kamyaran river and Hassil Qader creek, as well as Gla Charmo and the hills in eastern part of the Kamyaran River, where phase 3 of Be'sat county and some parts of phase 1 has been constructed, all together show the ignorance of natural factors. The reason for this situation further is due to the willing of land owners and the interests of early migrants to settle on the roadside to their migration origin. Finally, it should be noted that based on the analysis of hierarchical model, within 34 square kilometers which was considered around the city, nearly 29 percent of its area, has high and very high proportion for development, which are located in the Northeast, Northwest, West and Southwest of the current position of Kamyaran city.
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Asghar poor, M. j. (2008). Multi - criteria decision making. Tehran university publications, publishing and printing Institute, 400 p.(In Persian)
Brouki Milan, Gh. (2002). Geomorphologicals role in the evaluation of the physical development of Maku problems with emphasis on eastern slopes morphodynamic and morphotectonic Soqar mountain. Dissertation Master's degree in Geomorphology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, University of Tabriz.(In Persian)
Davoudpour, Z., Ardalan, D. (2010). Comparative Study of the Effective Factors to Development of Large and Middle Cities (10 Cities of Iran-Contemporary Period). Hoviate shahr, 2 (3), 63-72..(In Persian)
Ebrahim Zadeh, Isa & Rafie’e, Gh. (2009). Optimal Positioning aspects of urban growth using Geographic Information System (GIS) case study: Marvdasht city. Geography and Development Quarterly, 7 (15), 45-70.(In Persian)
Farajzadeh asl, Ma., & Karim Panah, R. (2009). Possibility Study of Ecotourism Development Zones in Kurdistan Province Using Geographic Information System (GIS). Physical Geography Research Quaterly, 65, 33-50.(In Persian)
Gharakhlou, M., Davoodi, M., Zandavi, S. M., & Jorjani Hasan, A. (2011). Locate the Optimal Areas for Physical Development of Babolsar City Based on Natural Indicators. Semi Anualy Geography and Development, 9 (23), 99-122.(In Persian)
Ghodsi Poor, H. (2009). Analytical Hierarchy Process. Tehran industrial university publications.(In Persian)
Güneralp, B., Seto, K. (2008). Environmental impacts of urban growth from an integrated dynamic perspective: A case study of Shenzhen, South China. Glob. Environ. Chang, 18, 720-735.
Maleki, A. (2007). Earthquake Hazard and Prioritize Housing Development in Kurdistan Province. Journal Of Human Geography Quarterly, 39 (7), 115-124.(In Persian)
Mosavi, MN., Saeidabadi, R., & Fahr, R (2010). Physical Development Modeling and Determination of Optimal Location for the Settlement of Sardasht Population over the Horizon of 1400 using Delphi and the Boolean Logic Methods in the GIS Environment. Urban Regional Studies and Research, 2 (6), 35-54.(In Persian)
Nader seffat, M. H. (2008). Urban areas geomorphology, Tehran: Payam-e-Noor university publications.(In Persian)
Nazarian, Asghar., Karami, Babraz., & Roushani, Ahmad. (2009). An Assesmant of Physical Development Shiraz with Special Refference to Natural Agents. Quaterly Geographical Journal of Chashmandaz-E-Zagros, 1 (1), 5-18.(In Persian)
Nazaryan, A. (2006). Iran urban Geography. Tehran: Payam-e-Noor university publications.(In Persian)
Negaresh, H. (2003). Application of Geomorphology in Locating Cities and Its Consequences. Geography and Development, 1 (1), 133-150.(In Persian)
Pourahmad, A., Yadghar, A., & Habibi, K. (2004). Study of trend and pattern of physical development of Sanandaj city. using GIS & RS, Honar-ha-ye-Ziba, 16, 15-32.(In Persian)
Rajaei, A. (2004). He Use of Natural Geography of Urban and Rural Planning. Tehran: Samt Publication.(In Persian)
Ranjbar, M., Rashidzadeh, M. (2012). The Capabilities and Limitations Geomorphologic City of Ahar and Its Effect on the Distribution of Villages. Journal of Physical Geography, 4 (14), 27-42.(In Persian)
Rezaei, P., Ostad Malekroodi, P. (2010). Geomorphologic Constraints for Physical Development of Roodbar City. Journal of Physical Geography, 3 (7), 41-52.(In Persian)
Rezai Moghadam, M. H., Saghafi, M., Shafiei, E., & Abaszadeh, K. (2010). Extraction and Classification of Morphological Limitation of Urban Development Using DEM and GIS (Case Study: Ahar City). Geographic Space Quaterly, 10 (29), 165-179. (In Persian)
Rozenstein, O., & Karnieli, A. )2011). Comparison of Methods for Land-use Classification Incorporating Remote Sensing and GIS Inputs. Applied Geography, 31 (2), 533- 544.
Servati, M R., Khezri, S., & Rahmani, T. (2009). Natural Restriction Evaluation of the Physical Development of Sanandaj. Physical Geography Research Quaterly, 67, 13-29.(In Persian)
Shams, M., & Haji Malayeri, P. (2009). Physical Development and Its Impact on Land Use Changes in Malayer City (1986-2006). Journal of Management System, 2 (7), 75-91.(In Persian)
Shir Mohammadi, H., & Naghibi, F. (2007). Nalus City's Physical Development, taking into Account the Environmental Impact of Using GIS. Hoviate Shahr, 1 (1), 27-38.(In Persian)
Szuster, B. W., Chen, Q., & Michael Borger, M) .2011(. A Comparison of Classification Techniques to Support Land Cover and Land Use Analysis in Tropical Coastal Zones. Applied Geography, 31 (2), 525-532.
Taghvaei, M., & Saraei, M.H. (2007). Urban Sprawl and the Capacities of Land in Yazd. Quarterly Geographical Research, 19 (2), 187-210.(In Persian)
Tavakoli, A. (2001). Estimating the demand for urban housing in 2005. Dissertation Master's degree in Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology.(In Persian)
Zomorrodyan, M. J. (2004). Applied physical geography in urban and rural planning. Tehran: Payam-e-Noor university publications, Fifth Edition. (In Persian)
_||_Agard P., Omrani J., Jolivet L., & Mouthereau, F. (2005). Convergence history across Zagros (Iran): constraints from collisional and earlier deformation. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch), 94, 401-419.
Asghar poor, M. j. (2008). Multi - criteria decision making. Tehran university publications, publishing and printing Institute, 400 p.(In Persian)
Brouki Milan, Gh. (2002). Geomorphologicals role in the evaluation of the physical development of Maku problems with emphasis on eastern slopes morphodynamic and morphotectonic Soqar mountain. Dissertation Master's degree in Geomorphology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, University of Tabriz.(In Persian)
Davoudpour, Z., Ardalan, D. (2010). Comparative Study of the Effective Factors to Development of Large and Middle Cities (10 Cities of Iran-Contemporary Period). Hoviate shahr, 2 (3), 63-72..(In Persian)
Ebrahim Zadeh, Isa & Rafie’e, Gh. (2009). Optimal Positioning aspects of urban growth using Geographic Information System (GIS) case study: Marvdasht city. Geography and Development Quarterly, 7 (15), 45-70.(In Persian)
Farajzadeh asl, Ma., & Karim Panah, R. (2009). Possibility Study of Ecotourism Development Zones in Kurdistan Province Using Geographic Information System (GIS). Physical Geography Research Quaterly, 65, 33-50.(In Persian)
Gharakhlou, M., Davoodi, M., Zandavi, S. M., & Jorjani Hasan, A. (2011). Locate the Optimal Areas for Physical Development of Babolsar City Based on Natural Indicators. Semi Anualy Geography and Development, 9 (23), 99-122.(In Persian)
Ghodsi Poor, H. (2009). Analytical Hierarchy Process. Tehran industrial university publications.(In Persian)
Güneralp, B., Seto, K. (2008). Environmental impacts of urban growth from an integrated dynamic perspective: A case study of Shenzhen, South China. Glob. Environ. Chang, 18, 720-735.
Maleki, A. (2007). Earthquake Hazard and Prioritize Housing Development in Kurdistan Province. Journal Of Human Geography Quarterly, 39 (7), 115-124.(In Persian)
Mosavi, MN., Saeidabadi, R., & Fahr, R (2010). Physical Development Modeling and Determination of Optimal Location for the Settlement of Sardasht Population over the Horizon of 1400 using Delphi and the Boolean Logic Methods in the GIS Environment. Urban Regional Studies and Research, 2 (6), 35-54.(In Persian)
Nader seffat, M. H. (2008). Urban areas geomorphology, Tehran: Payam-e-Noor university publications.(In Persian)
Nazarian, Asghar., Karami, Babraz., & Roushani, Ahmad. (2009). An Assesmant of Physical Development Shiraz with Special Refference to Natural Agents. Quaterly Geographical Journal of Chashmandaz-E-Zagros, 1 (1), 5-18.(In Persian)
Nazaryan, A. (2006). Iran urban Geography. Tehran: Payam-e-Noor university publications.(In Persian)
Negaresh, H. (2003). Application of Geomorphology in Locating Cities and Its Consequences. Geography and Development, 1 (1), 133-150.(In Persian)
Pourahmad, A., Yadghar, A., & Habibi, K. (2004). Study of trend and pattern of physical development of Sanandaj city. using GIS & RS, Honar-ha-ye-Ziba, 16, 15-32.(In Persian)
Rajaei, A. (2004). He Use of Natural Geography of Urban and Rural Planning. Tehran: Samt Publication.(In Persian)
Ranjbar, M., Rashidzadeh, M. (2012). The Capabilities and Limitations Geomorphologic City of Ahar and Its Effect on the Distribution of Villages. Journal of Physical Geography, 4 (14), 27-42.(In Persian)
Rezaei, P., Ostad Malekroodi, P. (2010). Geomorphologic Constraints for Physical Development of Roodbar City. Journal of Physical Geography, 3 (7), 41-52.(In Persian)
Rezai Moghadam, M. H., Saghafi, M., Shafiei, E., & Abaszadeh, K. (2010). Extraction and Classification of Morphological Limitation of Urban Development Using DEM and GIS (Case Study: Ahar City). Geographic Space Quaterly, 10 (29), 165-179. (In Persian)
Rozenstein, O., & Karnieli, A. )2011). Comparison of Methods for Land-use Classification Incorporating Remote Sensing and GIS Inputs. Applied Geography, 31 (2), 533- 544.
Servati, M R., Khezri, S., & Rahmani, T. (2009). Natural Restriction Evaluation of the Physical Development of Sanandaj. Physical Geography Research Quaterly, 67, 13-29.(In Persian)
Shams, M., & Haji Malayeri, P. (2009). Physical Development and Its Impact on Land Use Changes in Malayer City (1986-2006). Journal of Management System, 2 (7), 75-91.(In Persian)
Shir Mohammadi, H., & Naghibi, F. (2007). Nalus City's Physical Development, taking into Account the Environmental Impact of Using GIS. Hoviate Shahr, 1 (1), 27-38.(In Persian)
Szuster, B. W., Chen, Q., & Michael Borger, M) .2011(. A Comparison of Classification Techniques to Support Land Cover and Land Use Analysis in Tropical Coastal Zones. Applied Geography, 31 (2), 525-532.
Taghvaei, M., & Saraei, M.H. (2007). Urban Sprawl and the Capacities of Land in Yazd. Quarterly Geographical Research, 19 (2), 187-210.(In Persian)
Tavakoli, A. (2001). Estimating the demand for urban housing in 2005. Dissertation Master's degree in Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology.(In Persian)
Zomorrodyan, M. J. (2004). Applied physical geography in urban and rural planning. Tehran: Payam-e-Noor university publications, Fifth Edition. (In Persian)