ارزیابی نقش عناصر محیطی در پایداری سکونتگاه های روستایی (مطالعه موردی: بخش مرکزی شهرستان بردسکن)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای

کمال امیدوار ¹ , محسن فنودی ² , مهدی نارنگی فرد ³

1 - استاد گروه جغرافیا طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دوره دکترا جغرافیا طبیعی- آب ‌و هواشناسی، مخاطرات محیطی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
3 - دانش آموخته دکتری جغرافیا طبیعی- آب ‌و هواشناسی، مخاطرات محیطی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/01/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/02/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/03/01

کلید واژه: SWOT, سکونتگاه‌های روستایی, بردسکن, عناصر محیطی,

چکیده مقاله :

در این پژوهش به منظور ارائه راهبرد و راهکارهای مناسب جهت ارزیابی نقش عناصر محیطی در پایداری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در بخش مرکزی شهرستان بردسکن، نقاط قوت ضعف، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدها به روش SWOT مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و راهبردهایی جهت بهبود و ارتقاء پایداری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی تدوین گردید. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد راهبردهای جهت پیوستگی پایداری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی شامل بهره‌برداری بهینه از منابع آب به عنوان اصلی‌ترین عامل تهدید پایداری سکونتگاه‌ها، کاشت محصولات کشاورزی با نیاز آبی پایین، برگزاری کارگاه‌های آموزشی و توجیهی در جهت افزایش آگاهی-های عمومی روستاییان، جلوگیری از ورود پساب‌های صنعتی به سفره آب زیرزمینی، فرهنگ‌سازی از طریق گسترش ارتباطات و ایجاد تشکل‌های بهره‌برداران محلی، حفظ و حراست از منابع استحصال آب‌های زیرزمینی، توسعه پوشش نهرها در سطح تمامی روستاهای بخش، تهیه و اجرای طرح‌های مطالعاتی ایمن سازی کامل کاریزهای بخش)؛ همچنین بهره‌برداری بهینه از منابع خاک ، تقویت بنیان‌های اقتصاد روستایی (با رویکرد گردشگری به عنوان گزینه جایگزین در چارچوب استفاده مناسب و حداکثری از شرایط موجود جهت گسترش طرح‌های گردشگری طبیعی منطقه)؛ رخدادها و مخاطرات طبیعی مانند خشکسالی‌ها شدید و پیاپی، پدیده سیلاب و زلزله، ناپایداری دامنه‌ها از مهم‌ترین مخاطرات طبیعی که در بخش مرکزی احتمال رخداد دارد که پایداری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی را تهدید می‌نماید. ناپایداری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی موجب بروز پیامدهای ناگواری از جمله رشد فزاینده مهاجرت، پدیده حاشیه نشینی، اسکان غیر رسمی و گسترش بی‌رویه مناطق شهری می‌گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In this study, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats was evaluated by SWOT method and some strategies were provided to improve sustainability rural settlements in order to provide strategies and Appropriate solutions for assessing the role of environmental elements in sustainability of rural settlements in the central city of Bardaskan. The results showed that the strategies for continuity of the stability of the rural settlements, including optimal exploitation of water resources (as a main factor), Planting crops with low water requirements, holding Workshops in order to raise public awareness of villagers, Avoiding industrial wastewater into groundwater, culture making by expanding the communication and organization of local beneficiaries ,the protection of the ground water extraction, expanding coverage the rivers in the rural areas in central city of Bardaskan . preparation and implementation of complete immunization research projects in canals of the restrict, utilization of land resources, strengthening the foundation of the rural economy, (with tourism approach as an alternative framework of the appropriate and maximum use of existing conditions to develop the region’s natural tourism projects) are the factors of stability of the settlements. The factors of region’s village's instability including events natural hazards like severe and frequent droughts, floods and earthquakes and instability of slopes are the most important natural hazards in the central part of the Bardaskan city likely to occur and threaten the stability of rural settlements. Instability of the rural settlements caused unpleasant consequences, such as increasing migration, squatter phenomenon, informal settlements and uncontrolled spread of urban areas.

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