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Open Access Article
1 - Developing and validating a Commercialization of knowledge model for higher education in the country (A mixed study)
arezoo erfan mohammad ali nadiBackground: It is a fact that companies need the scientific and technological achievements of different universities, but the commercialization of university research cannot be successful, given the many academic research proposed by universities for Meet the real needs MoreBackground: It is a fact that companies need the scientific and technological achievements of different universities, but the commercialization of university research cannot be successful, given the many academic research proposed by universities for Meet the real needs of companies as well as markets. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the components of commercialization of knowledge in order to provide a model for higher education in the country. Method: The research method was a sequential exploratory combination. In the qualitative section of the study, the subject analysis of inductive loading was used. The inferential statistics of the confirmatory factor analysis were used. Regarding the Chi-square fitting, comparative fit, adaptive fit, and Holder model, the fit was appropriate. Findings: In this research, three main themes of wealthy culture, university of wealth and observatory were identified, in which the rich content of rich culture included two themes of support and selection. The comprehensive content of the wealthy university consists of two organizing themes Business thinking and orbital quality, and the overwhelming content of the observation site needed to include two themes of equalization of interests and positioning. Conclusion: According to the main themes extracted, it can be said that the development of the university in order to provide the facilities and training of the staff, taking into account the needs of society and the market and the three-way communication between the university, government and industry, are key factors in the creation of knowledge commercialization In higher education Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Users' right to electronic surveillance and privacy in the information society
Omid Ali MasoudiBackground and purpose of the research: Protecting privacy and ensuring the right of users to electronic surveillance, requires users to know about this right. The purpose of this research is how to realize the right of users to electronic control of their information a MoreBackground and purpose of the research: Protecting privacy and ensuring the right of users to electronic surveillance, requires users to know about this right. The purpose of this research is how to realize the right of users to electronic control of their information and privacy. Research method: This research has been done with the documentary method (library) and with the technique of data collection by taking notes of the available effects on privacy and electronic surveillance of cyberspace users. Research results: One of the main reasons for violating the rights of users in their rights to monitor information is the lack of media literacy. This space is completed and defined Also, by increasing adherence to religion, it will be more likely to prevent the underlying factors of cybercrime, that is, people who have more adherence to religion will eliminate more underlying factors for the occurrence of cybercrimes. The right of users to spontaneous surveillance is in fact the right that is defined in privacy, and the right of users to spontaneous surveillance is the copyright that others must respect. The link can explain to a large extent the status of the laws enacted in the communities. Research indicates that it is more appropriate to protect the rights of users in the future of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Opacity of Glass Rethinking Transparency in Contemporary Architecture
Seyed Yahya Islami -
Open Access Article
4 - Applying design ideas to promote security of urban spaces
Abbas Yazdanfar Sepideh Ghaemmaghami Paniz Ahmadpour -
Open Access Article
5 - Providing Thermal Comfort in Tourist Walkways (Case Study : Bypass Located at the Contour between Vakil Bazaar (market), Karim Khan Zand Castle and Pars Museum)
Mohammad Amin Hatami Nahal Eghtesadi -
Open Access Article
6 - The responsibility of the directors of joint stock companies in the light of the two rules of ultraviolet and piercing the corporate veil in Iran with a look at the law of England
Mohammad Rajabali Damavandi Pejman Pirooz i Famous glory Mahshid Sadat TabaeiAbstractAccording to Articles 583 and 588 of the Iranian Commercial Code, all commercial companies have legal personality. This legal provision means that the rights and obligations of commercial companies are independent of the natural persons who created them. Therefo MoreAbstractAccording to Articles 583 and 588 of the Iranian Commercial Code, all commercial companies have legal personality. This legal provision means that the rights and obligations of commercial companies are independent of the natural persons who created them. Therefore, if a commercial company enters into a contract with third parties, under any circumstances, the company will be responsible for fulfilling its obligations and this issue will not have any relationship with shareholders or managers. The main question of this research is that if in some cases the managers abuse the current situation and impose obligations on the company contrary to the law or the articles of association or the approvals of the general assemblies, will they be responsible at the same time and if the answer is positive, the type of responsibility How will it be? Two hypotheses can be considered in this regard: in the first hypothesis, the responsibility of the company is considered absolute and the company itself has full responsibility. In the second hypothesis, the responsibility of the company and its managers is relative, and this relativity is obtained by considering the two rules of piercing the corporate veil of legal personality and the rule of ultra vires. This research seeks to achieve the best hypothesis by invoking the laws and the rule of fairness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Theory of piercing the corporate veil Based on Islamic Rules with a Brief Look at British Judicial Procedure
mohammad rajabali damavandi pezhman piruzi shokouh namdar mahshid sadat tabaieAbstractIn corporate law, the rule that a company has a separate legal personality from the partners is a fundamental rule. Separation of the legal personality of the company from the partners and the limited liability of the partners towards the debts of the company ha MoreAbstractIn corporate law, the rule that a company has a separate legal personality from the partners is a fundamental rule. Separation of the legal personality of the company from the partners and the limited liability of the partners towards the debts of the company has caused the companies that are subject to the limited liability system of the partners to provide suitable coverage for high-risk and sometimes fraudulent activities of the partners. This puts the company's property and assets at risk, but at the same time the risk of such risks is due to the limited liability of external partners and is imposed on the company's creditors. The rule of law veiling in English law is a guarantee of fair enforcement, which removes the legal personality of the company and abolishes the rule of limited liability of controlling partners and their direct liability to creditors. In Iranian law, citing Islamic rules such as no harm, prohibition of abuse of rights (Article 40 of the Constitution) and the rule of prohibition of fraud, the theory of piercing the corporate veil can be applied to these rules. In this article, first the rule of piercing the corporate veil is explained and then the judicial procedure of England and Iran is examined by referring to the rules of jurisprudence and common law Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - LDF, QDF & ANN-GA based models for stock market surveillance in Tehran's Stock Exchange
M. Hossein Poustfroush Alireza Naser Sadrabadi Mahmood MoeinaddinIn this study, Discriminant Analysis (DA) model and the hybrid model of Genetic Algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN-GA) are used to estimate manipulation of stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, first by using screening data method, a sampl MoreIn this study, Discriminant Analysis (DA) model and the hybrid model of Genetic Algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN-GA) are used to estimate manipulation of stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, first by using screening data method, a sample of 345 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were selected and then information about the 'TEDPIX' index, closing price, volatility of closing price and trading volume in the timeframe years 1387 to 1391 were collected. Afterwards the selected companies categorized into manipulated and non-manipulated groups by using duration dependence test, skewness & kurtosis test and run test. Then with scrutiny of the trend of Tedpix's chart and volume chart of the manipulated group, Start of price manipulation is determined. In next step by using Linear Discriminant Function (LDF), Quadratic Discriminant Function (QDF) and Genetic Algorithm based Artificial Neural Network and by using closing price, volatility of closing price and trading volume variables and also using information in range one year before starting manipulation group and in range four years for non-manipulation group, designed models for forecasting manipulation. At the end, the prediction ability of the models was examined. According to the results, the prediction ability of QDF model compared to the LDF model and ANN model is better. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - John Rawls: From the Social Contract to Two Principles of Justice
شهلا اسلامیThe social contract tradition has a particular significance in the history ofpolitical philosophy. The classic theoreticians of social contract, such asLock, Rousseau, and Kant, have considered the political authority asinevitable in order to prevail over life difficult MoreThe social contract tradition has a particular significance in the history ofpolitical philosophy. The classic theoreticians of social contract, such asLock, Rousseau, and Kant, have considered the political authority asinevitable in order to prevail over life difficulties in disordered (social)situation.John Rawls takes a new approach to social contract in his theory ofjustice. He assumes that contracting parties would choose the principles ofjustice which intend to determine the moral principles. Such principles, inturn, constitute the social institutions of society. In Rawls’ view,contracting parties are assumed to be in a hypothetical situation calledoriginal position. These persons as free, equal, reasonable and rationalcitizens, are in veil of ignorance; that is, they are not aware of anycharacters as gender, social status, religious orientation, and even theirconception of the good. In this situation, Rawls suggests a technique,called “reflective equilibrium”, which orchestrates our principles ofjustice and considered judgments. In original position, contracting partieschoose the two principles of justice, i.e. the principles of liberty andequality. The concept of original position is an interpretation of Kant’sview on the principle of freewill and categorical imperative. Describingthis situation enables one to reveal his essential nature as a free andautonomous human being.Rawls, thus, dose not use social contract to legitimate political authority;but, using original position, he presents a concept of human nature whichthe liberals, always, talk about it: a liberated human who is freed of anysocial, political and traditional stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Reading Rawls’s Original Position via Kant’s Theory of Autonomy
فاطمه هاشمی حسین گلچینیJ. Rawls is the most prominent political philosopher in 20th century. Hehas two periods in his works and thoughts. Kant has influenced him onfirst period which is evolved in A Theory of Justice. Kant claims thathuman being is autonomous, thus every person based on his r MoreJ. Rawls is the most prominent political philosopher in 20th century. Hehas two periods in his works and thoughts. Kant has influenced him onfirst period which is evolved in A Theory of Justice. Kant claims thathuman being is autonomous, thus every person based on his reasonmakes choices. The person ought to act only based on his principleswhich are made choice by himself. In Kant, person’s decision fallowingthe desire, rather fallowing the reason which is a clear example ofheteronomous. Rawls, in A Theory of Justice, introduces the initialposition in which any person is ignorance of his interests. The principleof justice is determined via this position. The person who is in Rawlsinitial position and veil of ignorance is similar with Kantianautonomous person. Both of them, once, would make decision onprinciples of justice consider the conditions such as: neutrality, freefrom interest, autonomy; all in all, in two theories, the principle isselected by rational agents and such agents follow the laws which areselected by themselves Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Social Justice and Spatiale equity; An investignation and theoritical comparing of John Rowls and David Harvey
حسین Hataminezhad عمران RastiThe Justice as a popular and interested concept has been among a few conceptsthat are already debated by philosophers and social economic elites and there havebeen various theories about social justice. John Rawls is one of the famous politicalphilosophers in 20th centu MoreThe Justice as a popular and interested concept has been among a few conceptsthat are already debated by philosophers and social economic elites and there havebeen various theories about social justice. John Rawls is one of the famous politicalphilosophers in 20th century and David Harvey is most outstanding geographer insecond half of 20th century too. They have many philosophic approaches and articlesabout social Justice and spatial equity. This paper is going to investigate justiceconcept from point of their views and represent their common and differentiationviews. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Role and Status of Women in Islamophobia with an Approach to Imam Khomeini's Viewpoint
Zahra Alizadeh Mina Sadat Tabatabaei A’zam E’temadifardIslamophobia is a phenomenon that is taking place in various political, social and cultural fields and women are now being used by Western powers as a tool to spread Islamophobia, as the issue of women is one of the most important and strategic issues of all societies.& MoreIslamophobia is a phenomenon that is taking place in various political, social and cultural fields and women are now being used by Western powers as a tool to spread Islamophobia, as the issue of women is one of the most important and strategic issues of all societies. This issue has long existed in societies among thinkers and in the various morals and habits of nations. The widespread and heavy wave of media ads has always been based on the fact that Muslim women are under the most severe pressure and do not enjoy any of their legal and religious freedoms. In contrast, non-Muslim women enjoy gender justice and own freedoms and rights equal to men and are rapidly making progress. This study initially tries to provide a comprehensive definition of Islamophobia and then surveys the rights of Muslim women, discriminatory behavior against women and the reflection of Muslim women in Hollywood cinema; and finally Qur'anic strategies to deal with this phenomenon are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - A Research on Essentials and Effects of Surveillance from Holy Quran and The Four Books’ Perspectives
Abdolrahim Oboodi Seyyed Hassan Hosseini Abolhassan Mo’men NezhadThe status and effects of surveillance is one of the most important and influential issues in social relations because maintaining the security and stability of society, preventing the disruption of public order and other interests make it inevitable. The jurists, based MoreThe status and effects of surveillance is one of the most important and influential issues in social relations because maintaining the security and stability of society, preventing the disruption of public order and other interests make it inevitable. The jurists, based on the twelfth verse of Al-Hujurat Surah and various hadiths, forbid surveillance. It is also forbidden to inspect the beliefs, secrets and mistakes of the believers, as well as to reveal and disclose them, based on the verses of Holy Quran, including the nineteenth verse of Noor Surah. This article uses documentary and library sources and descriptive – analytical method to find the answer to the question: what are the requirements and effects of surveillance in the view of the authors of The Four Books? The data indicate that in the mentioned books, the duties and requirements for the believer regarding surveillance have been specified and according to the generality of verses and hadiths and the rule of reason and manners, it has been absolutely forbidden and prohibited. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - PATHOLOGY OF THE CULTURAL ROOTS OF HIJAB IN THE UNIVERSITIES OF THE CITY OF YAZD
Mohammad Reza ShayeghThe present article studies the roots of weakness in the veil of the women in the Islamic society and the ways this problem could be treated. Some assumptions have been made as basis of this research. The important finding of this article is that as opposed to the assum MoreThe present article studies the roots of weakness in the veil of the women in the Islamic society and the ways this problem could be treated. Some assumptions have been made as basis of this research. The important finding of this article is that as opposed to the assumptions that the sample population lack religious views, they have strong religious beliefs and the main reasons are as follows: - Lack of propaganda for religion Misunderstanding of the concept of reincarnation and not lack of understanding Westernization Impact of satellite TV networks Impact of rein less music - Impact of wrong models Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Quality of Women’s Hijab based on Verses and Hadiths
Hossein Rahmani TirkolaeeWomen in the Dark Age lacked the necessary human dignity, and the degrading or instrumental view of them made them a commodity for the pursuit of greater interests. With the advent of Islam, a wide range of rulings were placed in order to restore the dignity of women, t MoreWomen in the Dark Age lacked the necessary human dignity, and the degrading or instrumental view of them made them a commodity for the pursuit of greater interests. With the advent of Islam, a wide range of rulings were placed in order to restore the dignity of women, the most important of which was the issue of hijab. Proper culture-building of this issue in society requires a correct and comprehensive understanding of this issue, which has forced the author to explain the quality of women's hijab in this study. This study includes the analysis of women's adornment, the quality of their clothing and the quality of looking at them, and the author has concluded that God has bequeathed beauties in women that expressing them in front of foreign eyes has caused widespread corruption in the individual and social fields. For this reason, the Verses and hadiths have explained the quality of women's clothing in terms of the mission of femininity and the quality of looking at them in terms of the mission of masculinity in order to achieve this important goal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Veiling in Omar Abu Risha’s Ode ”the Vulture”
Nahede Fawzi Fariba sadeghi marasht Omar Abu Risha a Syrian modern poet has experimentedclassicandromanticliterary schools relying on worthy heritage of Arabic poems and moved forward in his poem completion approach using methods and techniques of Western poetry.He alsotried the symboliclanguage. More Omar Abu Risha a Syrian modern poet has experimentedclassicandromanticliterary schools relying on worthy heritage of Arabic poems and moved forward in his poem completion approach using methods and techniques of Western poetry.He alsotried the symboliclanguage. And veiling techniques in his immortal poem “Annaser†i.e. "Vulture" through his numerous travels and reviewing Western writers’ works is inspired by symbolic poets; including American Edgar Allan Poe and French Charles Baudelaire.And the vulture has been used since the pre-Islamic era and now in Arabic literature as a symbol of strength and pride. And in this poem is an illustration of many symbols. It symbolizes one the one hand the poet's self Highness and his superior ability to cope with difficulties and disappointments. On the other hand, is a symbol of the Syrian people as well as the veiling of the Arab world in general. So, we have decided to choose this poem reflecting poet obsessed with modernity in order to exchange and study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Recognizing the folk tale the Prodigy and the Veiled
Ronak Zarza Ali Mohammad Poshtdar Asieh Zabihnia EmranProdigy and Veil is one of the folk tales that was compiled in the seventh century. In this literary text, the two narrators narrate twenty stories in ten days, all of which have a moral content, a house plan and civil policy. This research tries to answer the question; MoreProdigy and Veil is one of the folk tales that was compiled in the seventh century. In this literary text, the two narrators narrate twenty stories in ten days, all of which have a moral content, a house plan and civil policy. This research tries to answer the question; what is the type of narration and the most significant types of themes and ideology of the stories of the Prodigy and the Veil in a descriptive-analytical way which is based on a theoretical framework. According to the achievements of research, moral and educational issues are taught in the form of tangible and objective examples and allegories in each of these works to increase the rate of learning and its persistence in the mind of the audience. Prodigy and veiled (Ojoobeh and Mahjoobeh) belong to the group of Iranian long stories. The aim and intention of Hamid Ibn Fazlullah Sarakhsi in the story of the (Monster) prodigy and the veiled is to convey the message of family, social and human values to the audience. In this regard, the styles of elements used in the construction of the story is all simple and uncomplicated. Admonition and learning is one of the salient features of this story. It seems that this story was created only to express a moral principle or a wise advice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Reliability, Validity and Factor Structure of Marital Jealousy Scale on the Use of the Social Networking Sites in the Married Staff of University of Kashan, Iran
Masoud Kiani zadeh MelaliThe objective of this research was to evaluate the reliability, validity and factor structure of marital jealousy scale on the use of the social networking sites (SNS). The research method was psychoanalysis and statistical population was the married men\women who MoreThe objective of this research was to evaluate the reliability, validity and factor structure of marital jealousy scale on the use of the social networking sites (SNS). The research method was psychoanalysis and statistical population was the married men\women who employee of University of Kashan, and that use social network sites daily, and from them 223 persons were selected using simple random sampling. The participants completed the Muise, Christofides, and Desmarais, SNS Jealousy Scale (2009) and Farrugia Partner Surveillance Scale (2013). For the validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis methods and convergent validity were used. Factor analysis of the data showed that the SNS Jealousy have four factors (including sense of infidelity, suspicion, tendency in surveillance, and sense of apprehension) and have a good convergent validity (p<0/01). Correlation between tendency in surveillance subscale and Partner Surveillance Scale indicated an appropriate convergent validity (r=0/53, p<0/01). To evaluate the reliability of the scale, internal consistency was measured by Cronbach’s Alpha yielding 0.95 which means a highly reliable scale. Based on findings of the research, it can be concluded that this scale has a high reliability and validity, which can assist us in investigating marital Jealousy on the use of the social networking sites and it can be employed for future studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Veil Of Soul
Fayezeh JonaydeeVeil in Sufism is defined as anything that makes you estranged from Truth and Reality. With reference to prophetic sentence indicating that there are many veils of Light and obscurity, Sufism classifies veil into two categories: Light and obscurity. They maintain that s MoreVeil in Sufism is defined as anything that makes you estranged from Truth and Reality. With reference to prophetic sentence indicating that there are many veils of Light and obscurity, Sufism classifies veil into two categories: Light and obscurity. They maintain that since human being is a combination of obscurity of body and Light of soul, thus veils such as lusts and impure attributes exemplify body’s veils of obscurity and intellectual intuition, Perplexity etc. could exemplify Soul’s veil of Light. Awakening the self-reproaching soul, a mystic disciple develops a sense of awareness. Afterwards, he first airs his grievances against his ego and self and this is the beginning of the veils of Light. Veil has some stages such as Mohr (seal), Khatme Del (seal of heart), Rayn (veil of disbelief and error over the heart), Sada’, Qasha’, Qayn (thin veil) that are known mostly by the Quran and mystics’ interpretations of Its Verses. At first, a mystic disciple must remove the veils of wealth, dignity, blind following, and sin by overcoming his concupiscent soul until he becomes ready for guidance. Then, becoming familiar with spiritual word and the Expansion of his heart, he experiences some moments with which if he satisfies, he is again veiled. In conclusion, knowing the veils, man nears to knowing himself, especially, knowing the veil of Light that verifies his attribute of being Allah’s vicegerent. And at last, what is available is that there are always some veils between man and God. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Comparative Analysis Of Hojwiri and Ghazzaalis Point Of View on Ro'yat (Observation)
Mahin Panaahi Tahere karimiAbu-Hasan Ali Ibn Othmaan Hojwiri (470) and Ahmad Ghazzaali (520), both arose from the same intellectual system and were both from the 'Ash'ari family. But their origins of consciousness are distinguished from each other. Thus, the territory of semantic implications and MoreAbu-Hasan Ali Ibn Othmaan Hojwiri (470) and Ahmad Ghazzaali (520), both arose from the same intellectual system and were both from the 'Ash'ari family. But their origins of consciousness are distinguished from each other. Thus, the territory of semantic implications and language use are different in their works – Kashf Al-Mahjub (the discovery of the Veiled) and Sawaaneh Al-Oshshaq (the Resumes of the Lovers). Ro'yat or Observation is a key and verbal term in Kashf Al-Mahjub which went under the metaphoric veil of Jamaal (beauty) by entering into Ghazzaali's spiritual discourse; and the transfer happened from reality to metaphor and from one-meaning to poly-meaning. Hojwiri discusses Observation clearly and barely, but Ghazzaali takes advantages from metaphoric use of Observation: Jamaal and visual cluster in it; that is, man, heart, sun, mirror etc. This paper deals with these two mystics' point of views about Observation and the style of which is reflected in the two texts-- KashfAlmahjuband Sawaaneh Al-Oshshaaq Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Impact of Heart on Recognition in Mollasadra's Perspective
Somayyeh Ajalli Sahar KavandiRecognition in Sadra's view is an existential subject and is a way for perfection of soul. In his view, the end of episteme is becoming Godly and perceiving the name and recipes of god with presence knowledge. With this explanation of episteme shown the position of reve MoreRecognition in Sadra's view is an existential subject and is a way for perfection of soul. In his view, the end of episteme is becoming Godly and perceiving the name and recipes of god with presence knowledge. With this explanation of episteme shown the position of revelation intuition inside of intellect and also drawn revelation, intuition and intellects triangle that is the Sadra’s base for episteme. Heart is the phase of soul that homogenize with transition world because of that genetic structure. And can receive inspiration and revelation. Sadra doesn’t limit heart purity for revelation perceiving just for prophet Mohammad, but he believes that revelation understanding also needs heart purity. Just if heart be far from sin, guilt and evil surmise, can gain inspiration and oracle. So mollasadra invites reader to achieving heart purity before inter to theoretical and perceiving divine and sacred affair. That purity achieved just by understanding to low. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The Women’s Veiling Role in Mental Health of the Society and The Confronting Approaches to Misveiling Culture
Sahar SafarzadehThe Women are half portion of the population. They are the creators and the breeders of the future generations. They are considered as potential human resources for scientific, social and cultural development as well. Therefore, based on their esteem in Islamic be MoreThe Women are half portion of the population. They are the creators and the breeders of the future generations. They are considered as potential human resources for scientific, social and cultural development as well. Therefore, based on their esteem in Islamic beliefs and evaluating of their present situations a paradigm should be drawn to provide full development of their talents. By decrementing the differences between practical efficiency of women and men, many of the mental, cultural, social and economic problems would be solved so all the social and family members could benefit such phenomena. One of the possible approaches to meet such an objective is to keep the women well veiled in the society. The presence and the participating of the women and men in the society without any sexual erection and flaw would consolidate the society. In general the virtue of women and men in the educational and professional environments would set up the sanity, progress and transcendence of the community. By noting facts and evidences, this paper intended to logically analyze the prevalence of the veil and presented some methods to promote the society and mental circumstances and finally suggested few confronting approaches to misveiling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Surveying Social Status Of Women According To Veil Alteration Process In Safavid Paintings
عابد Taghavi S. M. MousaviPresent research studied women social role and status in Safavid era on the basis of veil alteration process through descriptive-historical analysis approach. This paper administrated historical sources and comparative method. The results indicated that women veil in Sa MorePresent research studied women social role and status in Safavid era on the basis of veil alteration process through descriptive-historical analysis approach. This paper administrated historical sources and comparative method. The results indicated that women veil in Safavid era was considered as a part of social class identity. It was defined according to Shah Inclination and imposed as a norm for the women in imperial court, while others social classes’ women worn veil according to their religious and ethics beliefs. They had prospered liberty in veil wearing selection compared to other women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Developing a Modern Policy Model of Cross-Border Trade Surveillance Using Grounded Theory
Ali Baeidi Mofradnia Abbas Monavarian Farhad Rahbar Ali Asghar PourezzatPurpose: The main objective of this research is to develop a policy model for surveillance the business of cross-border trade. Method: In this research, a research methodology based on the approach of Grounded Theory has been used. The coding has been done in three sta MorePurpose: The main objective of this research is to develop a policy model for surveillance the business of cross-border trade. Method: In this research, a research methodology based on the approach of Grounded Theory has been used. The coding has been done in three stages: open coding, axial coding and selective coding, and through in-depth interviews with experts in this field. In this research, the statistical population of the experts in the field of oversight of cross-border trade, including managers, specialists and customs experts, was considered as the most important organization in the surveillance environment of the transnational trading, which was interviewed with theoretical sampling. In this research, from the 10th interview, repetition was detected in the data and no new concept was identified, but for more precision and reliability, interviews were conducted with twelve people. In order to evaluate this research, the criterion of acceptability was used instead of the validity and reliability criteria that more appropriate to qualitative research. Findings: Based on the findings, more than 298 identification concepts were created through open coding, which, after eliminating duplicates, eventually created 257 saturated concepts, which were categorized in axial coding in 28 categories. Finally, in the selectiv coding stage, the axis of choice was chosen and other categories were assigned to this core topic and the policy model for surveillance cross-border trade was developed. Conclusion: The most important factor in the policy-making model for surveillance cross-border trade oversight policy is single window to improve the provision of facilities and to effectively control the cross-border as well as intelligent risk management, post-clearance audit, standardization, tariff optimization, process reengineering, cross-border management, information-based surveillance, institution of surveillance cross-border trade and the intelligence, were highlighted by the relevant actions and strategies for effective policies to improve the provision of facilities and effective control of cross-border trade. Keywords: Public policy, Cross-border trade surveillance, Cross border single window, Intelligent Risk Management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Abnormality Detection in a Landing Operation Using Hidden Markov Model
Hasan Keyghobadi Alireza Seyedin -
Open Access Article
26 - Prioritizing the indicators required for monitoring and control in the organization based on management in Islam (Study in the Khuzestan State Organization for Deeds and Properties)
vahid chenari parisa seyediOne of the most crucial elements of a healthy and efficient management of a system of monitoring and inspection is complete and accurate. Of course, the necessity of monitoring means no confidence in order to have a strong military organization and not a regulatory mean MoreOne of the most crucial elements of a healthy and efficient management of a system of monitoring and inspection is complete and accurate. Of course, the necessity of monitoring means no confidence in order to have a strong military organization and not a regulatory means back to mistrust of the staff. Development and human prosperity depends on it, and whatever religious teachings to be found, in this regard instructions and Muslim leaders to have an accurate system, serious and fair enjoins supervision and inspection.In this study, prioritize the indicators needed to monitor and control organization registered in Khuzestan based property management checked in Islam. Data from interviews and questionnaires with 30 nffs of elite real estate agency documents and with the help of university teachers preparing and collecting and using the method of hierarchical analysis and analysis The study is based on the indicators needed to monitor and control management methods in Islam directly, without intermediaries, indirect method, direct method and by virtue, self-control and supervision of the public. The results indicate the importance of direct and immediate way than other indexes and index surveillance is least important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Issue of Woman in Ghasem Amin’s Political Thought
Morteza Bahrani -
Open Access Article
28 - The Unveilings of Lāhijī in Sharh-e Gulshan-e Rāz
علی محمد پشتدار محمدرضا عباسپور خرمالو Muslim mystics believe that true understanding is the lifting of the veils that obscure the face of the heart. Also, they believe that unveiling is a mode of knowledge superior to reason. Mohammad Lahiji (d. 912/1506), the Persian mystic, in Sharh-e Gul More Muslim mystics believe that true understanding is the lifting of the veils that obscure the face of the heart. Also, they believe that unveiling is a mode of knowledge superior to reason. Mohammad Lahiji (d. 912/1506), the Persian mystic, in Sharh-e Gulshan-e Rāz, a commentary on the Gulshan-e Rāz of Mahmud Shabestari, speaks about his ten unveilings. In this article these unveilings are analyzed in the light of Islamic mysticism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The role of Interpol surveillance networks in curbing transnational terrorism
azar alinejadField and Aims: The spread of terrorism outside the borders of countries led to the formation of a type of terrorism, known as transnational terrorism. Today, the development and advancement of communication and information technologies and the use of them by terrorist MoreField and Aims: The spread of terrorism outside the borders of countries led to the formation of a type of terrorism, known as transnational terrorism. Today, the development and advancement of communication and information technologies and the use of them by terrorist organizations and individuals has created a situation were dealing with this form of terrorism has become a new challenge at the international level, and numerous international organizations and institutions has also involved the international community in this confrontation and providing effective solutions. Interpol is one of the organizations that, by having supervisory institutions at the international level, can take effective measures in the field of curbing this form of terrorism, Method: This article is written in a descriptive-analytical way. Findings and results: The findings indicate that terrorist groups with goals, activities and organizational forms that are beyond their origin can be called "transnational". Therefore, terrorists can be transnational in three ways: goals, actions and organizational form. In dealing with the transnational terrorism network, Interpol has adopted methods that include: a- Identifying suspected terrorists; b- Preventing the travel of people suspected of terrorist activities; C- tracing the financial resources of terrorists; T- The use of two monitoring networks including the mobile network database and the fixed network database. Interpol member states that have adopted the connection to mobile and fixed networks and have also used it to screen people and documents at border crossings and other key points, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Elite's Veil in Spiritual Behavior Based on Literary and Gnostic Books
Abbas Borna Farahnaz Mohammad VandAbstract Since the man's pure spirit kept distance from God's immense and pure garden, and was imprisoned in materialistic and world's cage, it constantly groans as a result of that separation and scrambles to raise all obstac MoreAbstract Since the man's pure spirit kept distance from God's immense and pure garden, and was imprisoned in materialistic and world's cage, it constantly groans as a result of that separation and scrambles to raise all obstacles of light and darkness that has accepted through passing materialistic and physical worlds and paves the way for God's attainment. In dark veils such as greed, lust, duplicity, etc. individuals and groups are unanimous in their prevention and there is no ambiguity in it. Sufficient condition for removing these types of veils are disciple's asceticism and diligence. The light veils that individuals usually deal with them and at first they do not think of them as veil and obstacle and in their opinion they also go through it directly. They even imagine it as a cause of improvement. They do not know each light for light itself is counted lighter than the veil and the disciple being satisfied with one light gets deprived of other lights. Veils such as excessiveness in worship and obedience, excessiveness in spiritual journey, imagination of God's attainment, expecting reward for worship, etc contrary to talk veils, to remove these types of veils, we need divine dispensation in addition to disciple's diligence. It is being tried, in this paper, to explain several examples of different types of light veils and their difference with dark veils and to get familiar with the quality of prevention of these spiritual veils. Manuscript profile
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