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Open Access Article
1 - Investigation of plasma-activated water effects on preservation and physicochemical properties of Petroselinum crispum and Lepidium sativum
Meysam Nikpour Farshad Sohbatzadeh Ehsan Nazifi Saeed Mirzanejhad -
Open Access Article
2 - Evaluation of the effect of plastics bags containing silver nanocomposite of grapefruit’s peel on cucumber postharvest nutritional value and their possible penetration in tissue
Ramesh Faghihi Kambiz Larijani Vahid Abdossi Pezhman Moradi -
Open Access Article
3 - Social-cognitive determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among Rafsanjan female students, 2018-19: Application of social cognitive theory
Zahra Soleiman Ahari Mostafa Nasirzadeh Mohammad Asadpour Leili Mazar -
Open Access Article
4 - The combined effect of Bacillus coagulans, potassium chloride, and yeast extract on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of a functional vegetable sausage
Davoud Soleimani Ramin Khorrami Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti Ali Khanjari -
Open Access Article
5 - NMR and NBO Calculation of Broccoli Calm: Nano Physical Parameter Study
M. Monajjemi M. Ahmadianarog -
Open Access Article
6 - The Impact of Educational Factors inApplication Biological Control in Greenhouse products from consumer’s point of view
یحیی Ostadi Gh Yavari محمود Shojaei S.M Mirdamadi M.A Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
7 - Analyzing the Barriers of Canola (Brassica napus) Cultivation Development in Orzuiyeh County
Leila Sharafipoor Mostafa AhmadvandThe purpose of this paper was to explore the main barriers and difficulties of developing Canola plantation in the Orzuiyeh County. This is an applied research with a survey that was planned to explore issues associated with Canola production adoption. The statistical p MoreThe purpose of this paper was to explore the main barriers and difficulties of developing Canola plantation in the Orzuiyeh County. This is an applied research with a survey that was planned to explore issues associated with Canola production adoption. The statistical population of the study was farmers in the central district of the Orzuiyeh County. In order to determine the sample size of the study, the Bartlett and colleagues sample size table with 5% error rate was used. Accordingly, 122 farmers were selected. The data were acquired by questionnaire. A panel of experts reviewed and confirmed the face validity of the instrument. The reliability of the questionnaire was also confirmed by conducting and calculating the KMO coefficient. The KMO coefficient value is greater than 0.54 and the Bartlett test value is statistically reliable. The research findings showed that the barriers to develop Canola plantation can be categorized into the following major factors: financial, production process, intrapersonal, and information- communication. In addition, based on the rankings, financial barriers with a mean of 3.80 and a standard deviation of 0.359 are in the first place. Furthermore, the cluster analysis tool which aims at sorting different objects into groups in a way that the degree of association between two objects is maximal if they belong to the same group and minimal otherwise. The results of cluster analysis indicated that the farmers of the studied area can be categories in three groups: Pragmatic, communicative, technologically oriented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Study of Production Possibility of Synbiotic Beverage Containing Red Cabbage, Carrots, Turnip Juices and Oligofructose
Manouchehr Jafari Mahnaz Hashemiravan R. PourahmadEnriching beverages with useful compounds such as probiotics and prebiotics is of particular importance in the food industry due to the lack of consumption restrictions by certain people due to the lack of lactose and cholesterol, as well as (vitamins, antioxidants and MoreEnriching beverages with useful compounds such as probiotics and prebiotics is of particular importance in the food industry due to the lack of consumption restrictions by certain people due to the lack of lactose and cholesterol, as well as (vitamins, antioxidants and minerals). In this study, first appropriate amounts of oligofructose were selected as prebiotic material and then a mixture of vegetable water produced in proportions of 20, 30 and 40% was prepared and inoculation of Lactobacillus casei strain by half McFarland method at two levels of 106 and 107 cfu/ml were performed. All physicochemical tests such as pH, acidity, Brix and microbial count were evaluated before fermentation, after 72 hours of fermentation at 37°C and during four weeks of storage at 4°C. Reduced glucose and total glucose were evaluated before fermentation, after 72 and 4 weeks of fermentation. During fermentation and storage, with increasing bacterial density and storage time, pH, Brix, reducing sugar and total sugar of probiotic beverages decreased and acidity increased significantly. The highest survival rate of probiotic bacteria during 28 days of storage related to A3B2 treatment (with bacterial density of 107 CFU/ml) was selected as the best treatment according to the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Evaluating the growth potential of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready To Eat Vegetables
S. Shoja Gharehbagh A. Akhondzadeh Basti A. Khanjari A. Misaghi -
Open Access Article
10 - The Effects of Refining Operations on Quality and Quantity of Sterols in Canola, Soyabean and Sunflower Seed Oils
M. Azizi A. Ghavami -
Open Access Article
11 - Determination of Adulterated Ghee Butter Compositions by FTIR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Regression Analysis
Z. Didar -
Open Access Article
12 - Tocopherols as a Quick Mean to Identify the Origin of Vegetable Oils
Z. Touhidyan A. Ghavami -
Open Access Article
13 - Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Certain Vegetables Indigenous in Iran as Potential Antiandrogens
A. Sharifan A. Hajhoseini M. Bakhtiari -
Open Access Article
14 - Reuse of Varamin Vegetable Oils Industry Wastewater by Using IFAS Method
Ghazaleh Monazami Tehrani Hasti Borgheipour Alireza NezampourBackground and Objective: Iran is located in the arid and semi-arid region of the world and water supply is a major and future challenge. Therefore, proper wastewater treatment is one of the most important solutions to the water scarcity problem. The main purpose of the MoreBackground and Objective: Iran is located in the arid and semi-arid region of the world and water supply is a major and future challenge. Therefore, proper wastewater treatment is one of the most important solutions to the water scarcity problem. The main purpose of the present research is the wastewater reuse of varamin vegetable oil plant with the approach of industrial and agricultural production. Methods: In this regard, in order to treat the wastewater of the study plant, the necessary measures were taken to design the IFAS laboratory pilot and the effluent was injected into the pilot at different residual times to evaluate the purification ability of the proposed process. Important parameters for reuse in industry as well as important parameters in the standard of discharge to the environment and irrigation were analyzed. Findings: The results show that organic matter and nutrients play the most important role in pollution. Pilot effluent specifications in the factory raw wastewater treatment did not meet the required standard for any of the 4 industrial use groups, while the pilot effluent specifications in the factory effluent treatment had the required standard for the third and fourth groups. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the purpose of this research and the approach of wastewater usage in industrial, agricultural and irrigation life, it can be stated that IFAS method or combining two methods of IFAS and collagenization due to efficient efficiency and low cost and high flexibility against hydraulic shock and Organic is an appropriate option for treating the sewage plant of varamin vegetable oil factory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Study and Compare Nitrate Intake Of The Vegetable In South Of Tehran
Afsoon Baharipoor Reza Arjmandi Roxana Mooguei Mohammad kazaem RamezaniBackground and Objective: Fresh and processed vegetables, in particular leafy vegetables are main sources of nitrate in the diet. The growth level and absence of contamination matters of these vegetables, particularly their cultivation in farm lands, in the suburb which MoreBackground and Objective: Fresh and processed vegetables, in particular leafy vegetables are main sources of nitrate in the diet. The growth level and absence of contamination matters of these vegetables, particularly their cultivation in farm lands, in the suburb which may using sewage, is so critical. The primary target of this research is to determine nitrate concentration in the edible parts of radish, mint and parsley, and compare them with allowance limits and then introducing the most nitrate intaking herbs of the southern region of Tehran , in 2015. Material and Methodology: Demanded products have been collected during three times sampling from Ahmadieh agricultural complex located in south of Tehran, in August and September of 2015, and the examinations have been repeated in three times for each sample. Eventually 90 samples were tested. The examinations carried out based on instruction provided by Iranian National Standard Organization Findings: The results showed that mean concentration of nitrate in radish, radish leaves, mint leaves, mint roots, shoot mint, parsley leaf and parsley stem are respectively 19.02 ±1.342, 11.00±0.895, 17.70±1.369, 26.69±1.936, 20.82±1.261, 22.43±1.00 mg/kg, and also is indicative of the highest nitrate concentration is related to the mint and the lowest concentration in the radish, among all tested samples. Discussion and Conclusion: By considering vegetables watering with sewages in this region which could increase nitrate concentration in the products, Then it is necessary to check nitrate concentration of more samples to achieve an accurate result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Evaluation of the implementation of energy efficiency measures in sugar industry and vegetable oil industry using SWOT and QSPM methods
Hasti Borgheipour Roxana MoogoueiBackground and objectives: Food industry in Iran is one of the major energy consuming industries. Sugar industry and vegetable oil industry are one of the main energy consuming industries in the food industry. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the implementation MoreBackground and objectives: Food industry in Iran is one of the major energy consuming industries. Sugar industry and vegetable oil industry are one of the main energy consuming industries in the food industry. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the implementation of energy efficiency improvement measures in sugar and vegetable oil industries. Method: In this study, it was attempted to apply SWOT analysis to develop strategies for the improvement of energy efficiency measures in the mentioned industries. This analysis includes the current effects (strengths and weaknesses) and the effects of future development (opportunities and threats). Also, the QSPM matrix was used to determine the relative attractiveness of the developed strategies. Findings: After examining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with implementation of energy efficiency improvement measures in the studied industries, the results of analysis by IFE and EFE matrices showed that strengths are less than the weaknesses and the opportunities of development are more than the threats. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, development of strategies to improve the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the sugar and vegetable oil industries seems to be necessary. Among the strategies developed in this study, “establishing a proper system for policy making and implementation of policies, rules and regulations related to the energy sector and presenting a series of detailed rules for enforcing existing rules” are at the top of the strategyies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigation of the Effect of Irrigation with Wastewater on Accumulation of Cadmum and Lead in the Soil and Cultivated Vegetables (Case study: Hamedan city)
Seyed Ali Vaghar Eisa SolgiBackground and Objective: Due to the high potential of Hamedan city for agricultural products and subsequentlly effects of urban wastewaters and agricultural activities such as the use of fertilizers and chemical pesticides on soil quality, plant, and human health, perf MoreBackground and Objective: Due to the high potential of Hamedan city for agricultural products and subsequentlly effects of urban wastewaters and agricultural activities such as the use of fertilizers and chemical pesticides on soil quality, plant, and human health, performing this research was necessary. This research was done by purpose of investigating the effect of wastewater on accumulation of metals Pb and Cd in soil and vegetables. Method: For this purpose, sampling from soil and vegetables was performed randomly in the city of Hamedan. Sampling was done in an area irrigated with well water and in an area irrigated with wastewater. Vegetable Samples were prepared after washing and drying, powdered and prepared for experiment. Also soil samples after air-drying, sieve, and prepared for experiment. Then samples digested with acid mixture and heavy metals measured by Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Finally obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 20. Findings: Results showed that wastewater had important effect on accumulation of Pb and Cd in soil and vegetables which means concentration of these metals in the soil and vegetables that was irrigated with wastewater was higher than those irrigated with well water. Also this is identified that the concentrations of Pb and Cd in studied vegetables was higher or equal to standards and Cd in the soil of both control and treatment were or equal to standards but Pb were lower than standards. Discussion and Conclusion: Since, in the treatment area, the mean concentration of Cd in scallion vegetable and mean concentration of Pb in leek vegetable is higher than standard. Therefore, in order to prevent creating problems for citizens’ health, irrigation of fields by wastewater must be prevented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The assessment of lead content in water, soil and vegetables grown in farmlands of Dezful county
Abbass Hossainakzadeh keyvan shamsWater, soil and crops pollution to lead is the result of human activities. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the amount of lead in vegetables, water and soil of farmland in Dezful. 48 vegetable samples (mint and basil), 12 samples of water and 12 soil MoreWater, soil and crops pollution to lead is the result of human activities. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the amount of lead in vegetables, water and soil of farmland in Dezful. 48 vegetable samples (mint and basil), 12 samples of water and 12 soil samples were taken from farmland (south and east) of Dezful during the summer of 2016. Determination of lead element in samples was performed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that mean concentration of lead in basil and mint were 6.85±3.11and 7.3± 8.23 mg kg-1, respectively. Also, Mean concentration of lead in water and soil were 20.64 mg l-1 and 0.49 mg.kg-1, respectively, so that concentration means in basil and mint higher than standard levels (WHO/FAO). The strong correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in vegetables (basil and mint) and their concentration on the water and farmlands soil there which represents the simple transfer of heavy metals from water and soil to vegetables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Study of clbB and clbN genes in E.coli isolates isolated from vegetables irrigated with surface water and urban waste
Samira Sadeghian Mohsen Zargar shahla Mohammad GanjiObjective: One of the factors causing colorectal cancer is infection with a specific strain of Escherichia coli (E.coli) that has a PKS genomic island with two clbB and clbN genes. One of the ways of human bacterial contamination is to consume vegetables irrigated with MoreObjective: One of the factors causing colorectal cancer is infection with a specific strain of Escherichia coli (E.coli) that has a PKS genomic island with two clbB and clbN genes. One of the ways of human bacterial contamination is to consume vegetables irrigated with water contaminated with bacteria. These two genes cause the activation of the message transmission pathway and the DNA mutation and tumorigenesis by producing the toxin Bactin. The main aim of the present study is to investigate clbB and clbN genes in Escherichia coli isolated from vegetables irrigated with surface water and urban waste. Materials and methods: Vegetables irrigated with surface water, well and urban waste were collected from three regions of Tehran. Their E.coli bacteria were isolated and identified and confirmed. Then, PCR test was performed for clbB and clbN genes of all isolated E.coli bacteria. Findings: The obtained microbial and biochemical results confirmed the E.coli bacteria isolated from the investigated vegetables. The molecular results showed that the highest and lowest frequencies for the samples that simultaneously contained both studied genes were related to vegetables irrigated with urban waste and vegetables irrigated with well water (P≤0.05). This result was almost the same for the vegetables of all three studied regions. Conclusion: Considering the high frequency of E.coli bacteria isolated from vegetables irrigated with municipal waste and in order to prevent bacterial infection and consequently colorectal cancer, complete disinfection of vegetables and non-irrigation of vegetables in areas with waste are suggested. Keywords: E.coli, clbB, clbN, Vegetables, Urban waste, Surface water. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Determination of Metal Contents in Edible Vegetable Oils Produced in Iran Using Microwave-assisted Acid Digestion
Leila Farzin Mohammad Esmail Moassesi -
Open Access Article
21 - Understanding the phytochemical constitution, antioxidant potential and spectral characteristics of aqueous extracts of the chosen leafy vegetables from south India
Sobha Kota Pradeep Dumpala Hariseetharam Prasad Dachepalli Anantha Ratna Kumari -
Open Access Article
22 - New reports of Collembola for Iran with surveying of their importance in the greenhouses of Esfahan province, Iran
Mohammad Reza Nematollahi Mohammad Reza Bagheri Jerzy Michal RadwanskiThrough inspections in vegetables and ornamentals greenhouses in Esfahan province, during 2005-2006, some specimens of Collembola were found feeding on the root and crown of wilting or dying seedlings. Identified species and their hosts were as follow: Sinella tenebrico MoreThrough inspections in vegetables and ornamentals greenhouses in Esfahan province, during 2005-2006, some specimens of Collembola were found feeding on the root and crown of wilting or dying seedlings. Identified species and their hosts were as follow: Sinella tenebricosa (Entomobryidae) and Proisotoma minuta (Isotomidae) from African violet, and Ceratophysella sp. (Hypogastruridae) from greenhouse cucumber and parsley. Studies indicated that these collembolans reach to high density, with more damage on plants, in greenhouses and pots with higher humidity and shorter irrigation periods. In the infested plants, secondary roots were devoured completely and the plants could be easily infected by pathogens, due to collembolan damages to plant crown. Among the indicated species, only P. minuta was recorded from Iran, and Ceratophysella sp. might be a new species to the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Diazinon residue in greenhouse cucumber of Tehran fruit and vegetable markets
Yahya Ostadi Gholamreza Yavari Mahmoud Shojaei Seyyed Mehdi Mirdamadi Sohrab ImaniTo evaluate Diazinon residue in greenhouse cucumber in fruit and vegetable markets in Tehrans, 90 samples were conducted from 59 area selected by stratified sampling method. First the samples divided by two groups ,washed samples and not washed samples , then each of th MoreTo evaluate Diazinon residue in greenhouse cucumber in fruit and vegetable markets in Tehrans, 90 samples were conducted from 59 area selected by stratified sampling method. First the samples divided by two groups ,washed samples and not washed samples , then each of them divided by three types peeled , not peeled and only peelings. The residues measured in all of the type samples extracted by solid phase extraction method and extracts analyzed by GC and GC/MS systems. Results showed that in two samples there were residue higher than the Maximum Residual Levels , and the amount of residue were 1.2 ppm in washed and notpeeled sample (washed cucumber) and 10.4 ppm in not washed peel sample. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Study effects of Biomite doses in control of Tetranychus urticae infesting vegetables crops in Iran
M. Arbabi M. Emami H. Rahimi M. J. AsariWeb spider mites population playing a major pests on vegetable crops during hot summer months. Effectiveness three biomite doses (1, 1.5 and 2 ppm) on cucumber, muskmelon, watermelon in comparison effects of Neem-Azal 1.2% EC, Propargite 570EW, Abamectin 1.8% EC, 1.5 ml MoreWeb spider mites population playing a major pests on vegetable crops during hot summer months. Effectiveness three biomite doses (1, 1.5 and 2 ppm) on cucumber, muskmelon, watermelon in comparison effects of Neem-Azal 1.2% EC, Propargite 570EW, Abamectin 1.8% EC, 1.5 ml/l detergent liquid soap and water sprayed in controlled agent were evaluated against Tetranychus urticae in Esfahan, Khorasan Razavi and Kerman provinces respectively. Complete randomized block designed with three replications used and each replicate consisted at least 50 cultivated plants in each block. Treatment done when at least 5 mobile spider mite stages in 40% randomly collected leaves observed. By random collection of 30 leaves from each treatment determined, effects of them determined at one day before and 3, 7, 14 days after. Collected data converted into mortality% and mean mortality% analysis done with SAS software. Mean spider mite under leaf side of muskmelon in Khorasan Razavi observed 6 to 12 times and 3-5 times higher in Esfahan and Kerman respectively. Highest mean of 61.6 spider mites recorded under sider of muskmelon leaf for 2 ml/l of biomite treatment in Khorasan Razavi. Higher biomite doses effects recorded 73.46% for 2ml/l up to 7 days in Esfahan and 65.56% and 82.67% up to 14 days after recorded in Khorasan Razavi and Kerman without any phtyotoxicity on plant parts in all treatments. Spraying 2 ml/l of biomite at early morning hours under spider mite incidence, provided higher efficiency, longer toxicity period for controlling vegetable spider mites. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Study on unnecessary elements in leafy vegetables of polluted farmland to heavy metals at around Shahr-e-Qods
بهزاد SaniContamination of soil and crops, including leafy vegetables consumed by heavy metals due to impropermanagement of farming systems in the world, human society has provided a cause of concern. In thisresearch, sampling from 10 farms for the study of heavy metals in leafy MoreContamination of soil and crops, including leafy vegetables consumed by heavy metals due to impropermanagement of farming systems in the world, human society has provided a cause of concern. In thisresearch, sampling from 10 farms for the study of heavy metals in leafy vegetables including lettuce(Lactuca sativa), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) has been done. In orderto perform the sampling of leafy vegetables at the end of each field season 5 randomly sampled from thebeginning, end and middle of each plot were harvested and then each field contamination by heavy metalshas been studied. The results showed that the effect of heavy metals treatment was significant on leafyvegetables. Mean comparison showed that the highest Pb (0.17 mg/kg), Hg (0.02 mg/kg) and Cd (0.13mg/kg) in Spinach and highest Ni (0.10 mg/kg) was achieved Lettuce. Also, the lowest Pb (0.11mg/kg) andCd (0.10 mg/kg) in Lettuce, Ni (0.08 mg/kg) in Parsley and finally Hg heavy metal (0.02mg/kg) waslowest in Lettuce and Parsley. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Studying Social-Economic Factors on Marketing Fruit Packaging s from Viewpoint of Experts Tehran Municipality Fruit and Vegetable Market Organization
Azita Zand Mohammad Mohammadi Masoumeh Arfaee Mansour Hatami -
Open Access Article
27 - Exploring the Effective Factors on Innovation Capacity among Managers in Kharkiv Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization
B. Pavlichenko A. Hryhoriev M. Kryvenko -
Open Access Article
28 - Exploring the Perspective of the Managers in Cairo Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization concerning Organic Products Marketing
Hassen Noureddine Benfetta Bouayed Sarra A. Zaky -
Open Access Article
29 - Optimal location of fields and markets for fruits, vegetables, and agricultural products using the Analytical Hierarchy Process model
Mohamad Abaidalah -
Open Access Article
30 - Detection and study of wheat stress using satellite images (Case study: Dasht-e Moghan)
adel mardaneh farshad amir aslani kazem Alavi panahIn this study, the aim is to investigate the ability of remote sensing and satellite images to study the spectral changes of wheat and diagnose diseases and its stress in the Moghan plain area in Parsabad city. Achieving such a capability can be useful in prediction of MoreIn this study, the aim is to investigate the ability of remote sensing and satellite images to study the spectral changes of wheat and diagnose diseases and its stress in the Moghan plain area in Parsabad city. Achieving such a capability can be useful in prediction of diseases and pests, as well as preventing its spread and timely use of fungicides and pesticides. In order to achieve this goal, the spectral properties of wheat and other plants are studied using IRS and Landsat 8 satellites. Wheat plant has different species in which Attila and Koohi wheat are mostly cultivated in this region, and in this study, their spectral behaviors are considered. In this study, 146 ground control points were used, the highest percentage of the region in terms of the degree of stress to grade 2 and the lowest to the healthy class. After applying atmospheric and geometric corrections on satellite images; Bond ratios were used to identify the best band composition and separability of healthy classes and stress levels one, two, and three. To achieve this goal, different vegetation indices were used. Among the indicators, the GNDVI index was the most efficient and was able to accurately estimate 81% of the areas. Also, GVI index has the highest value of kappa coefficient and overall accuracy with 0.94 and 95.3, respectively, which indicates the high use of this index in grading wheat stress. This index also gave the most area to the degree of stress one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - A combined transportation model for the fruit and vegetable supply chain network
Javid Ghahremani-Nahr Seyyed Esmaeil Najafi Hamed Nozari -
Open Access Article
32 - Predictive model design for microbial load based on impedance in traditional and industrial dried vegetables
N. Najjarpoor A. Fazlara M. TadayoniThis study was aimed to use of impedance technique and comparison of its results with reference method in traditional and industrial dried vegetables. In this study, 30 samples of traditional dried vegetable and 30 samples of industrial dried vegetable were tested for m MoreThis study was aimed to use of impedance technique and comparison of its results with reference method in traditional and industrial dried vegetables. In this study, 30 samples of traditional dried vegetable and 30 samples of industrial dried vegetable were tested for microbial counts by reference method of culture and Impedance device in accordance with the Instruction of Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Iran. The impedance method showed the minimum and maximum number of microorganisms in traditional samples were 4.80 × 104 and 1.40 × 106 bacteria per gram respectively. The minimum and maximum number of microorganisms in industrial samples were 6.00 × 102 and 7.00 × 105 bacteria per gram, respectively. The maximum detection time in impedance method in industrial and traditional dried vegetables was 20.24 and 23.68 hours, respectively and minimum detection time in industrial and traditional samples was 11.35 and 8.25 hours. The results showed determination coefficients of bacterial load in dried vegetable by regression equations were 0.9169, 0.9133 and 0.8861 in traditional, industrial and total of two method dried vegetables respectively. It indicates that high correlation was between reference and impedance methods for traditional and industrial dried vegetables. Microbial load in traditional and industrial dried vegetables was higher and lower than that of standard limit, respectively. Therefore, impedance technique could be used as an alternative method for control of bacterial load in dried vegetable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Assessment of microbial contamination in packed fresh vegetable to ready for use, in Mashhad
R. Ghodusi A. AzhdariVegetables are one of the main categories of the food pyramid and their consumption plays a vital role in the health promotion of the community. On the other hand, the incidence of microbial diseases caused by the consumption of contaminated vegetables has been increasi MoreVegetables are one of the main categories of the food pyramid and their consumption plays a vital role in the health promotion of the community. On the other hand, the incidence of microbial diseases caused by the consumption of contaminated vegetables has been increasing. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial contamination of different kinds of ready for use packaged vegetables in Mashhad, Iran. For this, a total of 200 vegetable samples were randomly collected from different regions of Mashhad. samples were examined with the standard methods in terms of the aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliforms, Escherichia coli, mold, and parasitic eggs. Results showed that in 19%, 14%, 8%, 13%, and 3.5% of the samples, the contamination rate of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliform, Escherichia coli, mold, and the parasitic eggs was higher than Iranian National Standard limits, respectively. In addition, a total of 31% of the samples were unusable due to excessive microbial contamination. Therefore, producers and consumers should be given the necessary training to use hygienic rules and stricter preventive measuring is also recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Detection and determination of some pyrethroid pesticides in fruit and vegetable samples using Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
J. Khandaghi M.R. Afshar MogaddamThe measurement of harmful substances that may enter the food has particular importance. Pesticides are one of the most important compounds that are wieldy used in agricultural activities. Despite the positive effects of the application of pesticides in agriculture, man MoreThe measurement of harmful substances that may enter the food has particular importance. Pesticides are one of the most important compounds that are wieldy used in agricultural activities. Despite the positive effects of the application of pesticides in agriculture, many pesticides are harmful to the environment and are known or suspected to be toxic to humans. Pyrethroid pesticides are common pesticides used in agricultural and personal care products and due to their high efficiency in controlling different pests they widely used. In the present work, an efficient and reliable microextraction method based on temperature-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction developed for the extraction of Delthamethrine, Biphenthrine, Permethrin, Cyhalothrin and Cypermethrine pyrethroid pesticides from potato, tomato, lettuce and onion and then its analyses performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The optimized method validated with recoveries ranging from 56 to 83%. The limits of detection were in the range of 4.3-9.4 ng mL-1, indicating high repeatability of the proposed method in the extraction and analysis of pyrethroid pesticides. Other advantages of this method include low cost and simplicity, low organic solvents consumption, and short analysis time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Possibility of Biarum carduchcorum application as vegetable rennet in production of Iranian white cheese
H. Golkari H.R. Gheisari S.S. Shekarforoush M. Aminlari M. RaeisiNumerous attempts have been made to replace calf rennet with another milk-clotting protease because of limited supply and the high price of calf rennet.Biarum carduchcorum is rich in protease activities, therefore it is a probable candidate for substitution. No systemat MoreNumerous attempts have been made to replace calf rennet with another milk-clotting protease because of limited supply and the high price of calf rennet.Biarum carduchcorum is rich in protease activities, therefore it is a probable candidate for substitution. No systematic study on the Biarum carduchcorum and its enzyme characteristics have been conducted so far. The purpose of this study was to prepare Biarumextract, determination of its protease activity for milk clotting and production of Iranian white cheese and study on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of the product. After the cheese production by the vegetable extract (0.5% concentration) organoleptic, textural properties and nitrogen solubility index (NSI) were analyzed during 45 days of ripening compared to the control sample. The results of this study showed that the optimal protease activity of the extracted enzymes for milk clotting was at 45 oC, pH= 5 and 15 mmol/ml concentration of CaCl2.The cheese sample that was manufactured with vegetable enzyme had a bitter flavor and sharper odor. At textural analysis, the cheese had a lower hardness. Assessment of proteolysis during the cheese ripening by NSI measurement showed that the proteolysis severity of cheese sample produced with vegetable enzyme was significantly higher than the control sample. Therefore, it seems that aqueous extract ofBiarum in concentration used for the production of Iranian white cheese cannot be a suitable substitute for rennet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Evaluation of antibacterial effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil on three food-borne pathogens in vegetables by propidium monoazide quantitative PCR
مریم Azizkhani پاتریسیا ElizaquivelEssential oils (EOs) have long been applied as flavoring agents in foods. Nowadays, due to the antimicrobial properties of EOs, they have been used as natural food preservatives. In this study, initial experiments were performed in order to elucidate the minimum bacteri MoreEssential oils (EOs) have long been applied as flavoring agents in foods. Nowadays, due to the antimicrobial properties of EOs, they have been used as natural food preservatives. In this study, initial experiments were performed in order to elucidate the minimum bactericidal concentration of Rosmarinus officinalis L.EO on Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes. Thereafter, PMA-qPCR was applied in order to selectively quantify living cells within a bacterial population treated with rosemary EO. Inactivation was obtained at EO concentrations of 1%, 0.45%, 0.9% for L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica, respectively. L. monocytogenes were totally killed within 45 min while it took 90 min for E. coli O157:H7and S. enterica. It was concluded that rosemary EO has the potential to be used as a natural food additive or bio-preservative since it was able to irreversibly inactivate the three tested pathogens at lower concentrations and short exposition times in comparison with the other EOs. In addition, PMA-qPCR approach proved quantitatively precise and specific to selectively detect live pathogenic bacteria in vegetables following inactivation with rosemary EO. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Assessment of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr in vegetables grown around Zanjan
A. Afshari H. KhademiThis study was conducted aimed to assess the potential risk of heavy metals on human health resulting from consumption of vegetables. To this end, the vegetables grown around town and industrial center of Zanjan were sampled randomly. Plant samples were digested using h MoreThis study was conducted aimed to assess the potential risk of heavy metals on human health resulting from consumption of vegetables. To this end, the vegetables grown around town and industrial center of Zanjan were sampled randomly. Plant samples were digested using hydrochloric acid (HCL) 2 M and concentration of elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr) were recorded by atomic absorption. Obtained means of heavy metals in all vegetables (N= 32) for Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cr is 98.8, 31.9, 19.3, 4.4 and 2.3 mg/kg, respectively. The highest amount of metal pollution index (MPI) in the basil and the lowest was observed in the garden cress (respectively 16.46 and 4.88). Daily intake (EDI) for zinc, copper and chromium in all age groups was lower than the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI). This amount for nickel was 2, 1.6 and 1.3 %, and for Pb 28.1, 22 and 19 % higher than PTDI in children, adults and seniors, respectively. The potential risk (THQ) was calculated in all age groups as Pb>>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr. The potential risks (THQ) of chromium, nickel and zinc were calculated lower than 1, for copper a bit more of 1 and for lead much higher than 1. Health index (HI) for children, adults and the elderly was estimated 31.331, 24.58 and 21.14, respectively, with the largest contribution of the lead (89.7%). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Concentration of cadmium, zinc and manganese in root, stalk and leaf of spinach and tomato in Hamedan
A. Ghobadi A. JahangardHeavy metals are considers as significant environment pollutants. Their entrance into food chain is a serious health hazard to humans. This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of Cadmium, Zinc and Manganese in root, stalk and leaf portions of spinach and MoreHeavy metals are considers as significant environment pollutants. Their entrance into food chain is a serious health hazard to humans. This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of Cadmium, Zinc and Manganese in root, stalk and leaf portions of spinach and tomato. For this reason, during 2014 in Hamedan city, 3 farms with 5 repetitions from each farm were sampled. Samples were subjected to acid-digestion and the concentrations of the elements were assayed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). According to the results, the average concentrations of heavy metals in root, stalk and leaf of spinach was estimated at: cadmium, 0.14, 0.24, 0.34 mg/kg, zinc, 15.53, 24.82, 35 mg/kg and manganese, 26.59, 24.42, 45.38 mg/kg, respectively. The data for the tomato samples were: cadmium, 16.20, 24.42, 33.81 mg/kg, Zinc, 21.48, 39.74, 52.92 mg/kg and manganese, 26.60, 42.41, 61.90 mg/kg, respectively. The mean concentration of cadmium and manganese in spinach and tomato showed a significant difference with the WHO/FAO standard limit. However, in the case of zinc the difference was insignificant. It was concluded that in this experiment the spinach and tomato samples were polluted with higher concentration of cadmium and manganese than the approved limit of WHO/FAO and therefore was found risky for the consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Evaluation of nitrate and nitrite accumulation in vegetables exposed on ShahreKord's markets
Sh Kiani محبوبه GheytasimIn the last years, the presence of nitrates and nitrites in vegetables has been a public health concern. This study was conducted to examine the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables of Shahre-Kord retails. For this purpose, a total of 222 fresh vegetables s MoreIn the last years, the presence of nitrates and nitrites in vegetables has been a public health concern. This study was conducted to examine the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables of Shahre-Kord retails. For this purpose, a total of 222 fresh vegetables samples were collected in winter 2011 and summer 2012 and were analyzed for the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite. Results showed a vast deviation between the mean concentrations of nitrate. In other words, the nitrate accumulation for mint was 310.9 mg/kg fresh weight (FW) and for savory was estimated at 3309.1 mg/kg FW. Nitrate accumulation in more than 85% of the vegetable samples was below the approved limit of 2500 mg/kg FW; meanwhile in savory it was higher than 3000 mg/kg FW. Moreover it was revealed that in comparison with nitrate, the mean value of nitrite accumulation was remarkably low (below 1.65 mg/kg FW). According to the results, the nitrate accumulation was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the samples obtained during the summer, but in the case of nitrite the results were reversed. In conclusion the levels of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables of ShahreKord retails were unlikely to pose any health hazard to the general population; nonetheless, the application of efficient techniques for decreasing the nitrate and nitrite accumulation in vegetables is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - A survey on nitrite and nitrate levels in vegetables and cucurbits cultivated in northern and western plains of Kermanshah city in 2012
مقداد Pirsaheb کیومرث Sharafi مسعود Morad Given that the capacity of vegetables and cucurbits absorption and retention has large amounts of nitrite and nitrate. Therefore, the intake of these products can threaten human health. The aim of this study was to determine nitrite and nitrate in cucurbits More Given that the capacity of vegetables and cucurbits absorption and retention has large amounts of nitrite and nitrate. Therefore, the intake of these products can threaten human health. The aim of this study was to determine nitrite and nitrate in cucurbits and vegetables cultivated in plains of sothern and eastern parts of Kermanshah. For this purpose, a total number of 330 samples was examined for determination of nitrate and nitrite. The samples were analyzed according to the instructions provided by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (No. 4106). The results showed that there are significant differences in the mean value of nitrite in vegetables and cucurbits, in the sampling locations (P<0.01). However, this difference was not significant (P>0.05) in the case of nitrate. The highest level of nitrite was estimated at 6.05±2.1 and 6.12±0.845 mg/kg in radish tubers and the lowest level was estimated at 0.1±0.022 and 0.174±0.085 mg/kg in cucumber samples in Mahidasht and Drood and Framan plains, respectively. In addition, the highest amount of nitrate in the Mahidasht plain was determined in spinach (392.11 ± 21.17 mg/kg) and in the Drood and Framan plain was observed in radish tubers (316.94 ±158.02 mg/kg). The lowest levels of nitrate in the both sampling areas were determined in tomatoes (11.42 ± 3.56 and 9.1±5.2 mg/kg, respectively). Moreover, a significant difference (P<0.01) was observed in the mean quantity of nitrate and nitrite in the different vegetables or cucurbits. It was concluded that the level of nitrite in some vegetables and cucurbits was higher than acceptable limit. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizers in these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The effect of oil extracted from borago officinalis L. whole plant at flowering stage on some ruminal fermentation parameters of sheep
Mohsen Kazemi Yaser Eskandari TorbaghanBorago officinalis L. is a plant of Boraginaceae family, which is commonly used for medicinal purposes. The oil of this plant is rich in essential compounds, which is likely to cause changes in the ruminal fermentation pattern. Hence, this study was carried out with the MoreBorago officinalis L. is a plant of Boraginaceae family, which is commonly used for medicinal purposes. The oil of this plant is rich in essential compounds, which is likely to cause changes in the ruminal fermentation pattern. Hence, this study was carried out with the aim of extracting the oil of borago officinalis L. after flowering by Soxhlet apparatusand investigating its effect (at four different levels of 0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 mg/ml) on some ruminal fermentation parameters in an in vitro batch culture. The findings indicated that after oil addition, there was no change in gas production parameters (except for constant rate of gas production), microbial mass yield, efficiency of microbial mass synthesis, partitioning factor and protozoal population of the culture medium, but pH was significantly (linear, p < /em>=0.04) decreased compared to the control group, and total volatile fatty acids increased (linear, p < /em>=0.0006) subsequently. Also, methane yield decreased significantly (linear, p < /em>=0.0005) when the level of oil increased in the medium, but in contrast, the degradability of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber increased. The overall results showed that the oil extracted from Borago officinalis L. can modify the ruminal fermentation pattern responsible for animal performance and reduce the emission of methane gas. Also, it seems that 0.45 mg/ml of oil produces the maximum effect on the fermentation pattern. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Magnetic solid-phase extraction and Uv/vis Spectrophotometric determination of trace amount of Copper in vegetable and fruit samples after preconcentration of its Pentetate complex
Hojjat Veisi Fatemeh Parvizi Mohammad Reza Abdi -
Open Access Article
43 - Magnetic solid-phase extraction and Uv/vis Spectrophotometric determination of trace amount of Copper in vegetable and fruit samples after preconcentration of its Pentetate complex
Hojjat Veisi Fatemeh Parvizi Mohammad Reza Abdi -
Open Access Article
44 - Identification of Escherichia coli and study of relationship between Pathotypes in human clinical specimens and samples of meat, dairy and vegetable by Polyclonal Antisera
Afshin Javadi Yalda Basharkhah Behbood JafariDiarrheal diseases are a major health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries are considered. One of the most important agents of diarrhea are Escherichia coli which responsible for many deaths of infants. Contamination of water and food is the main cause MoreDiarrheal diseases are a major health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries are considered. One of the most important agents of diarrhea are Escherichia coli which responsible for many deaths of infants. Contamination of water and food is the main cause of human infection with this bacterium. The aim of this study was to identify pathotypes of E.coli, isolated from human clinical specimens, samples of meat, dairy and vegetables using polyvalent antisera to determine the relationship between the origins of the contamination of the samples.For this purpose, 40 samples from hospital clinical specimens, meat products, milk and salad sampled and sent to the laboratory for food control selected and confirmed by Imvic test and their pathogenicity with polyvalent antisera were studied. According to the results, 35% of clinical specimens, 17.5% of meat, 2.5% of milk samples and 17.5% of salad and vegetables were identified as vector of pathogenic Escherichia coli. So, E.coli could be introduced as a common agent of infant diarrhea in our country. Thus, food hygiene and food control necessity demands for the control of presence of pathogenic E.coli. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Study the prevalence rate and antibiotic resistance pattern of the Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different types of vegetables and salads in Chaharmahal VA Bakhtiari province in Spring, 2017
Manouchehr Momeni shahraki Amir Shakerian Ebrahim RahimiStaphylococcus aureus is one of the main causative agents of food poisoning in human. Occurrence of severe antibiotic resistances has increased the importance of this bacterium. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence rate and antibiotic resistance pa MoreStaphylococcus aureus is one of the main causative agents of food poisoning in human. Occurrence of severe antibiotic resistances has increased the importance of this bacterium. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence rate and antibiotic resistance pattern of S. aureus strains isolated from vegetable and salad samples in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari Province. In this study, 485 samples of vegetable and salad were collected and immediately transferred to the laboratory. Samples were evaluated by microbial culture and the isolated S. aureus strains were analyzed for the antibiotic resistance pattern using the disk diffusion method. The prevalence rate of S. aureus in vegetable and salad samples were 16% and 11.91%, respectively. The highest (26.50%) and the lowest (6.72%) contamination rates were observed in Lordegan and Shahrekord cities. A Significant statistical difference was observed for the prevalence of S. aureus between vegetable and salad samples (P<0.05). S. aureus strains isolated from vegetable and salad samples had the highest prevalence of resistance against penicillin (95.58%), tetracycline (88.23%), ampicillin (79.41%), erythromycin (72.05%) and methicillin (70.58%) antibiotics. The lowest prevalence of antibiotic resistance was reported against imipenem (7.35%), chloramphenicol (22.05%), cotrimoxazol (26.47%) and co-amxiclave (29.41%). Judicious prescription of antibiotics according to the results of the disk diffusion method can reduce the risk of resistant S. aureus in vegetable and salad. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Study the frequency of enterotoxin encoding genes and antibiotic resistance pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from vegetable and salad samples in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province
Manouchehr Momeni shahraki Amir Shakerian Ebrahim Rahimi Farhad Safarpoor DehkordiMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the main emerging causative agents of antibiotic-resistant food poisoning in humans. The bacterium also has the ability to the production of heat resistant enterotoxin. The present study was done to asses MoreMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the main emerging causative agents of antibiotic-resistant food poisoning in humans. The bacterium also has the ability to the production of heat resistant enterotoxin. The present study was done to assess the prevalence rate, antibiotic resistance pattern, and frequency of enterotoxin encoding genes in methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains isolated from vegetable and salad samples. In this study, 485 samples of vegetables and salad were collected and immediately transferred to the laboratory. The microbial culture was used to isolate S. aureus, and methicillin-resistant strains were approved using cefoxitin and oxacillin disks. Antibiotic resistance patterns and frequency of enterotoxin encoding genes were analyzed using disk diffusion and PCR methods, respectively. The prevalence rate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in vegetable and salad samples were 7.2% and 8.51%, respectively. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains had the highest antibiotic resistance against penicillin (100%), co-amoxiclav (100%), ampicillin (100%) and ceftriaxone (100%) antibiotics. The prevalence of resistance against imipenem (10.52%) and chloramphenicol (23.68%) was lower than other antibiotics. SEA (63.15%) and SEB (52.26%) were the most frequently detected enterotoxins in methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains. The simultaneous presence of multiple enterotoxin encoding genes and multiple resistance against several antibiotics in methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains isolated from vegetable, and salad samples represent an important health-related concern in this kind of food samples. Preventing uncontrolled administration of antibiotics can reduce the risk of enterotoxigenic methicillin-resistant S. aureus enterotoxin in vegetables and salads. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Study of the frequency of hlyAgene in Listeria monocytogenesisolated from Freshvegetables using PCR
Hossein Momeni Ali Sharifzadeh Masoumeh BashiriAbstract Listeria monocytogenesis an important psychotropic foodborne pathogen which may exist in fresh vegetables. Vegetables and their derivatives show a potential role in the transmission of Listeria to humans and epidemy of listeriosis.The objective of this study w MoreAbstract Listeria monocytogenesis an important psychotropic foodborne pathogen which may exist in fresh vegetables. Vegetables and their derivatives show a potential role in the transmission of Listeria to humans and epidemy of listeriosis.The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of L. monocytogenesand to find out the frequency of hlyAgene in raw vegetables in Shahrekord, Iran. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 145 samples collected from vegetables market outlets in Shahrekord. Isolation of L. monocytogeneswas performed using specific medium. PCR was performed using hlyAgene specific primers. Also, all of the 145 samples were tested directly using PCR Totally, 56% of the samples were positive for Listeria in culture method. However, based on PCR, 56% out of 145 samples were infected to Listeria. Furthermore, hlyAgene was found in 67% of Listeria. The results indicate that the frequency of L. monocytogenesin the vegetablessamples of this region is relatively high. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Efficacy of Plant based Diets on Growth Potential, Energy Utilization, Nutrient Digestibility, Leg Bone Development and Litter Quality of Meat Chickens
م.آ. حسین ای.آ. آواد -
Open Access Article
49 - Reuse of Treated Sanitary Sewage and Agricultural Water Drainage as Alternative Sources for Irrigation of Aghili Plain Vegetables
Hossein Soltani Kazemi Ehsan DerikvandDue to the scarcity of water in Iran and the growth of population and urbanization, planning for optimal use of water resources and recycling of water from unconventional sources has become more necessary. This study aimed to reuse refined sanitary sewage and agricultur MoreDue to the scarcity of water in Iran and the growth of population and urbanization, planning for optimal use of water resources and recycling of water from unconventional sources has become more necessary. This study aimed to reuse refined sanitary sewage and agricultural water drainage as alternative sources of irrigation for vegetables. For this purpose, 6 species of seed; red radish, sugarcane, coriander, savory, dill and leek were sown and studied in three replications: 1-irrigation with well water, 2-irrigation with agricultural drainage, and 3-irrigation with treated wastewater. Each seed was seeded at 100 g in 3 replications. Soil quality, heavy metals in soil, water pollution and parasitic tests and water hygiene were measured at different stages. Vegetable weight and height were also measured at harvest time to compare three replications. The results showed that the weight and height of the vegetables in the three replications were not significantly different, but the growth size of the vegetable was higher than the other two replications. Environmental standards for agricultural irrigation were achieved after wastewater treatment, but the amount of heavy metals in soil after irrigation was slightly increased and soil salinity decreased. Finally, it is recommended to conduct continuous health and quality control tests to avoid wasting water from agricultural water drainage for irrigation of vegetables and the use of purified sanitation in special cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Substitution of inorganic fertilizers with organic manure reduces nitrate accumulation and improves quality of purslane
Sina Fallah Behjat Omrani -
Open Access Article
51 - Quantitative and qualitative performance of Froriepia subpinnata as affected by mycorrhizal symbiosis, compost tea, and vermicompost
mostafa koozehgar M. Reza Ardakani -
Open Access Article
52 - Effect of cadmium stress on morpho-physiological traits in garden cress and radish in an aeroponic system
Khadijeh Moridian Pirdosti Zahra Movahedi Majid Rostami -
Open Access Article
53 - Economics of Leafy Vegetable Production among Pastoralists in Kwara State, Nigeria
Olubunmi Omotesho Abdulazeez Muhammed-Lawal Abdulrashid Abdulganiyu Khadijat Amolegbe -
Open Access Article
54 - Assessment of the Usage of Liquid Fertilizer Technology in Dry Season Vegetable Production in Nigeria
Ivie Olaghere Olubunmi Omotesho -
Open Access Article
55 - Willingness To Pay For Organic Vegetables among Households in Anambra State, Nigeria
C Nwofoke B Bargissa -
Open Access Article
56 - The Influence of Household Decision Making on Vegetable Farming among Rural Women in Kwara State
Tolulope Ogedengbe Nike Akanji -
Open Access Article
57 - Vegetable Production and the COVID-19 Lockdown
Kafayat Belewu Hussein Ibrahim Sheriff Busari -
Open Access Article
58 - Socio-Economic Factors influencing the Participation of Smallholder Vegetable Farmers in High-Value Markets A case study of Arumeru District, Tanzania
Happiness Huka Fredy Kilima Alban Mchopa -
Open Access Article
59 - Women and Vegetable Production in Abra, Philippines: Benefits and Challenges
Evangeline P. Agres Leo G. Inocencio Alma C. Aguinaldo -
Open Access Article
60 - Prospects of Selected Forest Fruits and Vegetables in Enugu North Agricultural Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria
Eneje N.C. Onwubuya E.A. Mbah E.N -
Open Access Article
61 - استراتژیها و راهکارهای توسعه صادرات میوه و تره بار ایران به روسیه
رحمت على صابرى حقایق طهمورث حسنقلیپور هاشم آقازاده محمد طالقانیبا توجه به پتانسیل­های کشاورزی ایران از یک سو و کمبود روسیه در تامین میوه و تره بار ضمن بازار رو به گسترش این کشور از سوی دیگر، روسیه بازار عمده صادرکنندگان ایرانی میوه و تره بار است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و رتبه بندی استراتژی­ها و راهکارهای توسعه صادرات میو Moreبا توجه به پتانسیل­های کشاورزی ایران از یک سو و کمبود روسیه در تامین میوه و تره بار ضمن بازار رو به گسترش این کشور از سوی دیگر، روسیه بازار عمده صادرکنندگان ایرانی میوه و تره بار است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و رتبه بندی استراتژی­ها و راهکارهای توسعه صادرات میوه و تره­بار به بازار روسیه انجام شد. پژوهش از نظر هدف توسعه ای- کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت توصیفی پیمایشی به روش آمیخته اکتشافی انجام شد. جامعه آماری متشکل از کارشناسان و صادرکنندگان میوه و سبزی به روسیه بود که با روش هدفمند گلوله برفی نمونه برداری شدند. در مرحله کیفی 20 نفر و در مرحله کمی 100 نفر بودند. داده های کیفی با استفاده از تحلیل محتوا برای استخراج راهبردها و راهکارها مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و سپس با استفاده از تکنیک تاپسیس در مرحله کمی رتبه بندی شدند. دو راهبرد ورود و حضور پایدار و 28 رویکرد برای توسعه صادرات میوه و تره بار شناسایی شد. در نهایت رتبه های برتر به تنظیم مقررات، ایجاد مشوق ها و تثبیت نرخ ارز اختصاص یافت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Measurement of cadmium, arsenic, nickel and lead elements in Mentha piperita and Portulace oleracea in soils of Dezful and Hamidiyeh from Khuzestan province
Farideh Vatanian Khoshnaz Payandeh laleh RoomianiIncreasing the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil during the last decades to reduce the quantity and quality of plant production and human health is endangered. This study aimed to monitoring arsenic and nickel in the Portulaca oleracea and Mentha piperita of ag MoreIncreasing the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil during the last decades to reduce the quantity and quality of plant production and human health is endangered. This study aimed to monitoring arsenic and nickel in the Portulaca oleracea and Mentha piperita of agricultural land in Hamidieh and Dezful from Khuzestan province. Sampling with 9 vegetable samples from three areas with three replications in each city. The concentration of heavy metals were measured after sample preparation by graphical furnaces. Arsenic levels of Portulaca oleracea and Mentha piperita in two regions of Dezful and Hamidieh significant difference (P<0.05). The highest concentration of arsenic in Portulaca oleracea of Dezful were obtained (1.03±0.05 ppb) and the lowest this element in Mentha piperita of Hamidieh (0.08±0.01 ppb). Concentration of nickel in the Portulaca oleracea and Mentha piperita of Hamidieh and Dezful significant difference (P<0.05), but concentration of this element in the Portulaca oleracea of Dezful and Hamidieh no significant difference (P>0.05). The highest concentration of nickel in Mentha piperita of Dezful were (22.20±0.03 ppb) and the lowest this element in Portulaca oleracea of Hamidieh (9.04±0.07 ppb). According to the results the amount of arsenic and nickel in vegetables, Portulaca oleracea and Mentha piperita lower than World Health Organization standards, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Evaluation of pollution value of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni) in surface waters, soil and the cultivated vegetable of Pishva town
H. Kabirifard E. Sheikhi Nejad M. MasoumiIn the present study, the concentration of some heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni) were measured and defined in surface waters, soil and organs of some plants: spinach, radish, cress and mint, in the spring and summer of 1390 in the Pishva area (Varamin). Heavy metals were m MoreIn the present study, the concentration of some heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni) were measured and defined in surface waters, soil and organs of some plants: spinach, radish, cress and mint, in the spring and summer of 1390 in the Pishva area (Varamin). Heavy metals were measured in vegetables’ root, stem, leaf and their intake through consumption by human. Samplings of vegetable in five different points were accomplished. The amount of iron, zinc, lead and nickel, after chemical digestion of samples, were determined, using spectrophotometer flame atomic absorption method by 372.0, 213.9, 217.0, and 232.0 nm wavelength respectively. Four examined heavy metals in water, soil and vegetables samples in two seasons determined as 448.34±37.55, 56.68±15.53, 11.50±2.79 and 134.2±6.21 mg/kg respectively. Metals in vegetables, water and soil samples in two seasons had normal distribution and confidence level of 95%. Comparing the results with international standards for them showed that they are in acceptable range for water and soil samples in two seasons but in case of vegetables except for Zn in cress and mint roots and leave of spinach in summer which are in the acceptable range, the rest vegetable samples had heavy metal concentrations more than international levels in two seasons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Genus Salsola: Its Benefits, Uses, Environmental Perspectives and Future Aspects - a Review
Zarka Hanif Hafiz Haider Ali Ghulam Rasool Asif Tanveer Bhagirath Chauhan -
Open Access Article
65 - Non-carcinogenic and Carcinogenic Risk Potentials of metals Exposure from Vegetables Grown in Sharada Industrial Area Kano, Nigeria
Abba Babandi Murtala Ya'u Hafeez Muhammad Yakasai Dayyabu Shehu Kamalludeen Babagana Aminu Ibrahim C.A Anosike Lawrence Ezeanyika -
Open Access Article
66 - Potential Health Risk of Nitrate Accumulation in Vegetables Grown in Pol-e Dokhtar County
Mahboobeh Jalali Zahra Amini Farsani Mohammad Hadi Ghaffarian Mogharab Mohammad Feyzian -
Open Access Article
67 - The Nitrate Content of Commonly Consumed Agricultural Products Including Vegetables, Cereals, and Legumes in Iran
Behrooz Jannat Sara Mohamadi Narges Abdoli Tayebe Zeinali Parisa Sadighara -
Open Access Article
68 - The application of Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry to evaluate Lead (II) in Vegetable Samples after Its Preconcentration by SA-DLLME
Sajda .S. Affat