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Open Access Article
1 - Analyzing the Role of Refah Kargaran Bank’s Think Tank on the Agenda-Setting (Study Case: Headquarters)
Fatemeh Sadat Aboalmaali karamolaah Danesh FardThink Tank is the position of a center for creating new thoughts and ideas. Decision-making also plays a crucial role in increasing the capacity for policy making and strategic decisions as well as being regarded as an essential tool and framework which serves for the m MoreThink Tank is the position of a center for creating new thoughts and ideas. Decision-making also plays a crucial role in increasing the capacity for policy making and strategic decisions as well as being regarded as an essential tool and framework which serves for the manager’s decision making. After recognition of the issues as the first step, the subject of argumentation, bargaining and satisfying numerous players, the bank’s internal and external stakeholders, and satisfying influential figures are of prominence for presenting the issues like the bank’s Agenda-setting. Meanwhile, the role of think tanks and the experts’ final decisions influenced by the stakeholders, influential figures, the ruling values on the society or the costumer’s necessities or the type of scenarios for the goal of analyzing the role of Refah Kargaran Bank’s think tank on the agenda-setting have been executed. The research’s finding is of practical nature, and its goal is of descriptive-survey type. The independent variable is the think tank, and the dependent variable is the agenda-setting whose factors have been extracted by the model of Cob & Ross. The population of the study consists of 400 individuals selected from the members of the think tank, and 45 questionnaires have been distributed among the individuals based on Convenience sampling. University journalists confirmed its validity and its reliability was calculated as 0.801. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normalization of the data and One-Sample t-Test was used for the relationship between the variables, fuzzy multivariable decision-making method and priority processing for influential factors on competitive merit was computed by using fuzzy TOPSIS technique. t-Test findings indicate that policies arising from the unison of Refah Kargaran Bank’s Think Tank’s members have a meaningful influence on their agenda-setting although to some extent political, financial and official players respectively prevent them from accepting the issues and following the agenda-setting. Another factor for receiving the issue and challenging it was the economic factor for making the final decision. The findings arising from the TOPSIS technique corroborated the influence of public opinions on the decisions made by the members of the think tank for accepting the issue and following the agenda-setting to be recognized as a policy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Role of Think Tank to Recognition Problem on Refah Bank Policies
Karamollah Daneshfard Fatemeh Sadat AboalmaaliContext: This study is done with investigate purpose the role of Think Tank on Refah Bank Policy of problem detection . In fact, the nature of public policy and organizational process as one of the most important tools of public administration, provides a framework for MoreContext: This study is done with investigate purpose the role of Think Tank on Refah Bank Policy of problem detection . In fact, the nature of public policy and organizational process as one of the most important tools of public administration, provides a framework for decisionmaking and problem detection. Purpose: Independent variables Think Tank and the dependent variable were analyzed Problem detection with the component (understanding the organization and the environment, creating and proposals possible, evaluate options and the final selection, implementation and follow-up) from the logical processes of problem-solving doctor Danesh Fard. Method: This research result is applied and the target is descriptive - survey. The study population was composed of 400 members of the think tank. But based on simple random sampling only 60 members were chosen. Data gathered by a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by professors and experts. Its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.819. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality of the data and for the relationship between the variables of one-sample t-test and Friedman test was used to rank the components. Finding: According to Friedman's test solutions is expanding in terms of Experts and the second priority is the implementation of the evaluation. The analysis results showed that the detection of the policy think tank and its dimensions in Tehran, Refah bank has Significant Impact. Conclusion: Based on the results of Friedman test solution of the problem in the first place from the perspective of experts and a second assessment of the problem is enforcement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Environment Impact Assessment Of Landuse Settlement on Rivers quantitative/ qualitative parameters. (Case Study: zashk river)
Shiva Ajilian Momtaz Nature- Travelling is a part of Tourism complex that applied to warrant travel to natural area.For study and enjoy to plants and an More Nature- Travelling is a part of Tourism complex that applied to warrant travel to natural area.For study and enjoy to plants and animals view and every cultural aspect contemporary or past.At the present, while suddenly increase and non- plan Tourism Global the factors have effect environment that uncorrect planning cause environmental pollution.In hence, we must need to assessment environment effects that such activity for recognizing and fore sight marks a project are on human and environment health. Zoshk village in khorasan is one of the most important tourism.In edge of river have many The village has a Natural landscope called Zoshk River is length 30km. The river pass through vary gardens and Agri-lands produce beatiful landscope. Restaurant and villas That every which like as Natural- source, sufficient effective to environment. But what was effects through the human- made factors settlement? Tourism events in attractions cause chang to eco-system such as increase development restaurant and surplus water repelling, chang to side using of water - surface,disorder in (soil/land) utilization, preparations and change to condition specially, soil- characteristics and…so, Ask the following questions: Did the changes can hazard quality River-water and increase ill-ness? What did we can performance to decrease Negative effects? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Reduction of Turbulence Reduction in Water Tanks with Vertical and Horizontal Walls Using Ansys Numerical Model
Ali Nomiri Amir Khosrojerdi Ali SaremiBackground and Aim: Tanks structures must maintain their applications after large earthquakes, and on the other hand, these structures must behave in a way that does not cause damage during an earthquake. Therefore, the application of the baffles is one of the suitable MoreBackground and Aim: Tanks structures must maintain their applications after large earthquakes, and on the other hand, these structures must behave in a way that does not cause damage during an earthquake. Therefore, the application of the baffles is one of the suitable methods to tackle with earthquake inertial forces. The main idea in baffle systems is to reduce the frequency of the structure and bring it to a value less than the frequencies containing the dominant earthquake energy. Baffles installed inside water tanks can reduce a significant amount of earthquake acceleration in the body and crest of the tank during an earthquake.Method: In order to investigate the effects of the vertical and horizontal plates adjusted through the reservoir tanks, the flow characteristics were simulated by employing the CFD (Ansys Fluent). Two vertical and horizontal plate were designed for this purpose. To decreasing the error of mesh sizes, the different mesh sizes with different types of the meshes were employed and the results of the simulation were compared together to find out the suitable mesh geometry. Moreover, to validate the numerical model, the height of the water waves was compared by the past literature to make sure of the suitable numerical model. Thus, by increasing the earthquake accelerin in the numerical model, the flow properties were investigated according to the different conditions of the numerical modeling.. Displacement and shear stress at the top of the tanks were measured through the numerical models due to different tests condition in controlled and uncontrolled statuses. Furthermore, the conducted acceleration through the tank liquid was measured over the time for different numerical models. Some hydraulic parameters were considered for comparison through the discussion section such as water surface elevation so these parameters were extracted from the numerical results by the software advices. Results: The comparison between numerical results and past studies indicated that the presented numerical model has acceptable error and the elevation of the water waves through the tanks has good agreement with experimental pasts models through the literatures. Furthermore, the results of the mesh analysis showed that the error of the square mesh is approximately 11.2 percent compared to the triangular shape. As a result, the squire mesh with less sizes were considered to solve the flow’s equation through the numerical model. The initial results of the vertical and horizontal baffles illustrated that presence of the baffles can significantly reduce the fluctuation of the displacement, shear stress and liquid acceleration over the time. And the agitations of tests function over the time were tended to the less values compared by the initial time. The results indicate that equipping the tanks with baffle systems has a good performance on safety and improving the dynamic behavior of the tanks and this approach has a significant effect on the displacement and acceleration responses of the studied tank. Tanks with vertical baffles will perform better due to higher energy absorption. Also, as the water depth in the reservoir increases, the amount of energy dissipation for the reservoirs were decreased.Conclusion: The results of the numerical model calibrated with experimental data showed that the tank equipped with the vertical baffle produces more control force and damping than the horizontal baffle and has a better performance than the horizontal walls, furthermore, they reduce the pressure on the wall. Also, the results indicate that equipping the tanks with baffle systems can increase the safety through the tanks and improving the dynamic behavior of the tanks. Finally, the tanks with vertical baffles had better perform to absorption of the energy. Also, as the water depth in the reservoir increases, the amount of energy dissipation for the reservoirs were decreased. Comparison over the time among the extracted data from numerical model showed that due to passed time, the fluctuation of the investigated parameters such as displacement and shear stress of the top of the tank attained less values which can show that the controlled tank has much stability along the earthquakes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Optimal location of municipal wastes tanks using GIS (Case study: Shahindezh city)
zahra yazdani Mohammad TalaeianBackground and Objective: Waste management is responsible for carrying out various processes to attract citizens' satisfaction. Proper placement of temporary storage tanks in the city is important. Therefore, the optimal location of municipal waste tanks is very importa MoreBackground and Objective: Waste management is responsible for carrying out various processes to attract citizens' satisfaction. Proper placement of temporary storage tanks in the city is important. Therefore, the optimal location of municipal waste tanks is very important. In addition, not using waste storage tanks in suitable places can cause environmental damage and negative effects on the beauty of the city landscape. The purpose of this study is to locate municipal waste tanks using powerful tools of GIS. Analysis Method: Waste pollution and its dangers are inevitable for communities. Traditional methods such as manually overlay maps are not possible due to the large amount of data. So, in this research a powerful tool such as GIS has been used in locating municipal waste tanks. For this purpose, 58 blocks in 4 regions with a population of 12 thousand households in the city of Shahindezh in West Azerbaijan province have been studied. Findings: According to the map obtained from GPS, the location of the main tanks in the city of Shahindezh was investigated. With having information on population density, production waste per capita, observing the specified distances and using the geographic information system, the centers purposed for the waste location tanks in this study were determined. So that by weighting the layers and superimposing the layers of maps in GIS software, it resulted in providing 804 points for locating reservoirs in the city. Discussion and Conclusion: Looking at the findings and in order to prevent irregular traffic of garbage trucks, reduce fuel, reduce the environmental impact of waste accumulated in inappropriate places and maximize use of the appropriate perspective, using the results of this research, temporary waste storage tanks can be used in appropriate numbers in the right places and created a safe environment which to be environmentally friendly with high security factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Optimization of rectangular secondary sedimentation tanks inlet (Case study: Tehran Wastewater Treatment Plant)
Akbar Akbarpour Alireza MardookhpourBackground and Objective: One of the most important parts of treatment plants is the sedimentation tanks in them, which play an important role in wastewater treatment. Due to this issue, a correct understanding of the behavior of sediment reservoirs is essential for the MoreBackground and Objective: One of the most important parts of treatment plants is the sedimentation tanks in them, which play an important role in wastewater treatment. Due to this issue, a correct understanding of the behavior of sediment reservoirs is essential for the design and operation of reservoirs. Therefore, it is not far-fetched that engineers are thinking of designing new tanks as best as possible and improving their efficiency. In order to achieve these goals, various methods have been proposed, among which improving the efficiency of reservoirs by changing the geometry in the reservoir is not only important but also an economic method and attracts the opinion of engineers from different aspects. Has attracted.Material and Methodology: The studied model has been removed from the existing wastewater treatment plant in Tehran. In the basic paper, different inputs of flow to the sedimentation pond are analyzed and by comparing the efficiency of different inputs, a specific input is presented as a suggestion. In the present study, the same inlet and reservoir will be used and by adding the sediment parameter as a new parameter, the hydraulic and flow and sedimentation characteristics in the said reservoir will be determined. It is 13 meters wide and 4/4 high. In order to observe the distribution of suspended solids during the settling process, the water in the reservoir at the beginning of the process is free of sediment (clear) and then with the entry of wastewater containing suspended solids, the method of releasing suspended solids and then settling of solids can be Observed in full.Findings: In the model at the entry points, distances of 10, 20 and ... to 60 (output overflow) by creating virtual sensors, flow parameters were used to produce and analyze comparative graphs. The findings indicate that time The analysis is in accordance with the residence time of the regulation is 6500 seconds, which in the range of about 800 to 1000 seconds of analysis (16 minutes) the flow and movement conditions of sediments are balanced and is constant until the end of the residence timeDiscussion and Conclusion: The results show that the contour particles of sediment particles in the reservoir are at times 50, 300, 500 and 1000, respectively. After 1000 seconds to 6500 seconds, the situation is completely stabilized and there is no change in the contours compared to 1000 seconds. On the other hand, the amount of suspended solids in wastewater decreases by moving downstream and reaches zero within 10 meters of the end, which indicates the complete removal of suspended solids in the sedimentation process. The results also show that the most turbulent energy is at the outlet at a distance of 10 meters from the inlet, which is due to the eddy current and rotation in this area. By moving downstream, the turbulence current decreases and at a point 10 meters from the outlet is close to zero, which indicates the correct operation of the tank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Effect of Current Induced by Density Cahnges on Performance of Sedimentation Tanks and Proposing Solutions to Eliminate its Negative Impacts
Seyed Mostafa Khezri Faranak MirfattahAbstract Background and Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the disadvantages of density in sedimentation tanks and suggest sollutions to eliminate those disadvantages. Method: In this study, a 1:20–scale rectangular sedimentation tank, with thic MoreAbstract Background and Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the disadvantages of density in sedimentation tanks and suggest sollutions to eliminate those disadvantages. Method: In this study, a 1:20–scale rectangular sedimentation tank, with thickness of 10 mm, was used as a pilot. The pilot was made up of plexiglass according to the Frod model. Three draw_offs in the bottom of the tank, two withdraw baffles, one intermediate baffle, one inlet baffle and effluent weir configurations were used in the experiments. Turbulence was formed by density of current and then lighter suspended solids went toward effluent weir. Results: The turbulence cused by currents lead to increase of suspended solids at effluent and decrease of the sedimentation tank efficiency. The proposed sollution for prohibition of those disadvantages is the use of baffles in different positions. Conclusion: The results indicated increases of 20% for using intermediate baffle and 23% for using withdrawal baffles within 2.2-6.8 °C temperature difference between entering current and sedimentation tank contests with suspended solid concentrations of 100- 300 mg/lit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation of Functional Units and Method of Construction of Water Treatment Plants
Fariborz Yousefvand Ramin BayatBackground and purpose: Purified water is one of the most important elements in the health of human societies, so trying to purify water through water treatment plants is justifiable even with high costs. Surface waters often have a greater variety of pollutants than un MoreBackground and purpose: Purified water is one of the most important elements in the health of human societies, so trying to purify water through water treatment plants is justifiable even with high costs. Surface waters often have a greater variety of pollutants than underground waters, and for this reason, treatment processes may be more complicated for such waters. In water treatment plants, the purification process starts through the inlet pipe to the treatment plant and enters the urban water stream by passing through garbage collection structures, aeration, microstrainer, rapid mixing, superpulsator, sand filter and tank. Like the concentrator, the recycling tank and the contaminated mechanical dewatering are divided into two parts that can be treated and cannot be treated, and the non-degradable solids are directed out of the tank. Research method: This article has investigated the construction method and performance of different parts of water treatment plants in an executive and scientific way by reviewing reliable scientific databases and the experiences of the authors. Findings: The performance of different parts of the treatment plant and their construction methods have been analyzed and the importance and position of each part has been discussed. Discussion and conclusion: The process of water purification from the time of entering the water treatment plant to the time of its exit was investigated in detail, including the construction method, which provides useful information for planners, designers and activists in this field Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Improvement Analysis of Response Between Jacket Platforms and Sea Waves using the Vibration Dampers
Latif Pendarian Alireza Fiouz Abbas Gasemi -
Open Access Article
10 - Seismic Analysis of Rectangular Concrete Tanks by Considering Fluid and Tank Interaction
M Yazdanian S.V Razavi M Mashal -
Open Access Article
11 - Buckling Study of Thin Tank Filled with Heterogeneous Liquid
J El Bahaoui H Essaouini L El Bakkali -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigation of Tank-Mixed and Reduced Rate of Imazethapyr, Bentazon and Sethoxydim on Soybean Antioxidant Enzymes Activity
Sina Fallah Tafty Mani Mojaddam Ahmad Naderi Mohammad Abdollahian Noghabi -
Open Access Article
13 - ارزیابی ذرات و بررسی رسوب ورودی به مخزن سد گتوند علیا با استفاده از نرمافزار CCHE2D
محمد رضا فرشادی سعید حاجی علی گل جواد احدیان محمد جواد نصر اصفهانیپدیده رسوب­گذاری در مخازن سدها پدیده­ای پیچیده بوده و عدم اطلاعات از میزان رسوب ورودی به مخزن سد و پیش­بینی روش­های کنترل آن، موجب کاهش عمر مفید سد و اتلاف سرمایه­های عظیم ملی می­گردد. به منظور محاسبه بار رسوب ورودی به مخزن سد گتوند علیا از مدل ر Moreپدیده رسوب­گذاری در مخازن سدها پدیده­ای پیچیده بوده و عدم اطلاعات از میزان رسوب ورودی به مخزن سد و پیش­بینی روش­های کنترل آن، موجب کاهش عمر مفید سد و اتلاف سرمایه­های عظیم ملی می­گردد. به منظور محاسبه بار رسوب ورودی به مخزن سد گتوند علیا از مدل رایانه ای CCHE2Dکه توانایی انجام محاسبات رسوب را دارد استفاده شده است. برای آماده­سازی مدل، از حجم زیادی اطلاعات شامل مشخصات مقاطع رودخانه در بالادست محل احداث سد، آمار مربوط به دبی روزانه رودخانه، سیلاب­های با دوره بازگشت­های مختلف، دانه­بندی مواد بستر و دیگر اطلاعات مورد لزوم استفاده گردیده است. پس از کالیبره کردن و اجرای نرم افزار، بار رسوب ورودی به مخزن سد گتوند علیا برابر با 89435 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب محاسبه شد و با توجه به نوع حالت بهره­برداری از مخزن و وزن مخصوص انباشته­ها و ضریب تله­اندازی 90 درصد، حجم کل رسوب انباشته شده در مخزن این سد برابر با 241 میلیون مترمکعب خواهد بود که 23/7 درصد حجم کل مخزن سد را پس از 100 سال تشکیل می­دهد. همچنین قسمت اعظم بار رسوبی ورودی به مخزن سد گتوند علیا ذرات سیلت درشت با اندازه 6250/0 - 310/0 میلی­متر و ماسه بسیار ریز با محدوده اندازه 125/0 - 0625/0 میلی­متر را تشکیل می­دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - پایش کیفی پارامترهای فیزیکی، شیمیایی و میکروبی در طول کانال انتقال آب تصفیه خانه جنوب شرق
سید محمد مهدی آیتی مهدی اسدی لور رودخانهها بدلیل ورود بخشی از آلایندههای ناشی از فعالیت جوامع انسانی در مقایسه با سایر منابع آب (زیرزمینی) به مقدار بیشتری در معرض ورود آلایندهای ثانویه به منابع آبی محسوب میشوند. بررسی کیفیت کانال انتقال آب تصفیه خانه جنوب شرق به دلیل تامین آب شرب شهرستانهای م More رودخانهها بدلیل ورود بخشی از آلایندههای ناشی از فعالیت جوامع انسانی در مقایسه با سایر منابع آب (زیرزمینی) به مقدار بیشتری در معرض ورود آلایندهای ثانویه به منابع آبی محسوب میشوند. بررسی کیفیت کانال انتقال آب تصفیه خانه جنوب شرق به دلیل تامین آب شرب شهرستانهای ماهشهر، بندر امام و صنایع پتروشیمی اداره کل بنادر و کشتیرانی و سایر مشترکین اداری و تجاری بندر امام از اهمیت ویژهای برخودار است. در این مطالعه به بررسی پارامترهای کیفیت فیزیکوشیمیایی و میکروبی شامل دما(T)، هدایت الکتریکی(EC)، کل جامدات محلول(TDS)، کدورت(TUR)، خاصیت اسیدی یا بازی(pH)، سختی آب(TH)، کلسیم(Ca)، منیزیم(Mg)، کلرور(Cl، کربنات(C03)، بی کربنات(HCO3)، سدیم(Na)، پتاسیم(K)، اکسیژن مورد نیاز شیمیایی(COD)، سولفات (SO4) و کلیفرم مدفوعی درطول کانال انتقال آب جنوب شرق از کوت امیر تا سربندر اقدام شد. براین اساس در بازه زمانی آبان 97 تا اردیبهشت 98 طی عملیات میدانی اقدام به برداشت نمونه کیفی درهر ماه دو نوبت و هر نوبت دو نمونه کیفی از 5 نقطه در طول کانال آب جنوب شرق و در مجموع به تعداد 60 نمونه کیفی برداشت شد. طبقه بندی آب از نظر کشاورزی، شرب و صنعت بر پایه تحلیل کیفی از طریق نمودارهای ویلکاکس، شولر، و پایپر انجام شد و در انتها استفاده از شاخصNSFWQI اقدام به طبقه بندی کیفی آب شد. بررسی نتایج آزمایشات و نمودارهای صورت گرفته در خصوص کیفیت آب از نطرشرب در کلاس قابل قبول بود. همچنین با استفاده از شاخصNSFWQI کیفیت آب در طول مسیر کانال در حد متوسط میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Investigating the speed and geometry of the mixer on the flow distribution in an industrial reactor
Seyed mohammad hasan Mousavizadeh Mahdi HamzeheiIn this project, a three-dimensional investigation of the fluid flow inside a stirred tank inside an industrial reactor has been done to investigate the velocity distribution and heat transfer. To model the stirred tanks and its blades, first the geometry structure was MoreIn this project, a three-dimensional investigation of the fluid flow inside a stirred tank inside an industrial reactor has been done to investigate the velocity distribution and heat transfer. To model the stirred tanks and its blades, first the geometry structure was carefully studied, then the geometry modeling was done using SOLIDWORKS software, then the generated geometry was entered into the Ansys Space claim or Ansys Design Modeler software. After that, meshing is done with Ansys Meshing software, and then appropriate boundary conditions are applied on the stirred tank and its blades. In this project , SST , k-ω turbulence model is used. For meshing, unorganized mesh generation was used, and the average mesh quality, aspect ratio, and elongation for the computational mesh of the tank with an anchor agitator were 0.84, 1.84, and 0.22, and also the flow field inside an agitator tank with a baffle was For the angular speeds of 60 , 120 and 180 rpm , it was simulated for two types of stirrers. By increasing the angular speed of the propeller, the performance of mixers improves and better mixing takes place. Examining the velocity vectors showed that four strong wake regions were formed near the impeller, and two rings were formed on each side, one at the bottom and the other at the top of the stirrer. The first jet circulates to the bottom of the tank and then returns to the propeller area. The second fluid jet also circulates in the upward direction. In the new mixer, there are more high-speed areas in the distance between the bottom of the tank and the impeller compared to the anchor mixer. In fact, the speed is almost twice that of the anchor stirrer. Therefore, the new agitator has a much better performance than the anchor agitator in the bottom areas of the tank. So, the new mixer has a better performance for mixing solid materials that have the possibility of sedimentation. At distances farther from the bottom of the tank, the tank with the anchor stirrer has better mixing than the new stirrer , and this anchor stirrer has more high-velocity areas than the new stirrer. In the new high-speed mixer, the distance between the bottom of the tank and the propeller is greater than that of the anchor mixer. In fact, the speed is almost 2 times that of the anchor stirrer. Therefore, the new stirrer is much better than the anchor stirrer in the bottom areas of the tank. So, the new mixer has a better performance for mixing solid materials that have the possibility of sedimentation. At distances farther from the bottom of the tank, the tank with the anchor stirrer has better mixing than the new stirrer, and in these areas the anchor stirrer has a higher speed than the new stirrer. At a height of y = 0.880 m meters of fluid is divided into four symmetrical jets and the rest of the fluid flows upwards and reaches the free surface , and the speed increases with the height until reaching the height y = 1.330 m , where the length of the vortices decreases and circulates from the impeller to the impeller shaft due to the pumping effect . The speed of the fluid flow in the tank that is stirred by the new propeller is much higher than that of the anchor propeller , so the mixing time with the new propeller is less than that of the anchor propeller. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Application of Fuzzy Modeling to Earthquake Engineering: Seismic Performance of Cylindrical Tanks
Milad Ahmadi Brace -
Open Access Article
17 - Buckling of Stiffened Thin Walled Cylindrical Shells due to Global Shear
Mehran seyedRazzaghi F. Karimi -
Open Access Article
18 - A Comparison between Different Editions of API650 Seismic Provisions for Cylindrical Steel Storage Tanks Considering the Fragility Curves
Hooman Fili -
Open Access Article
19 - Estimation of Sloshing Wave Height in Broad Cylindrical Oil Storage Tanks Using Numerical Methods
H Kazem S Mehrpouya -
Open Access Article
20 - Diversity of Bacillus species isolated from biofilm of raw milk tankers and dairy processing equipments
َA. Ansari S. HanifianBacillus is the dominant genus encloses gram-positive spore-formers that some are considered as a threat to the quality of foods and consumers’ health. This study aimed to explore the occurrence of Bacillus species in raw milk tankers and dairy processing equipmen MoreBacillus is the dominant genus encloses gram-positive spore-formers that some are considered as a threat to the quality of foods and consumers’ health. This study aimed to explore the occurrence of Bacillus species in raw milk tankers and dairy processing equipments as well as to examine the biofilm-forming ability of the isolates. For this reason, a total of 80 samples consisting of 30 samples obtained from raw milk tankers, 30 samples of dairy processing equipments and 20 samples from various surfaces of the production plant was collected. According to the results, 16.66% of the samples obtained from raw milk tankers, 20% of dairy processing equipments and 40% of surface samples were found positive for Bacillus species. Various species of the Bacillus were found; amongst B. cereus with 36% and B. aloe and B. pumilus with 4% occurrence rate, were the most and least abundant species, respectively. Results of biofilm production revealed that 96% of the isolates were capable of producing biofilm. Eventually, it was concluded that conventional CIP procedure is unable to entirely remove the biofilm of Bacillus species from dairy plant surfaces. Hence, there is a need for a new approach to conquer the problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Pilot Plant Production of Lactic acid by Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei
S.S MirdamadiThe aim of present study, was to scale up the production of L (+) lactic acid from the laboratory to pilot plant using Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei PTCC 1608. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the produced lactic acid and sodium lactate against 4 tes MoreThe aim of present study, was to scale up the production of L (+) lactic acid from the laboratory to pilot plant using Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei PTCC 1608. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the produced lactic acid and sodium lactate against 4 test strains including Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1113, Microccoccus luteus PTTC 1110, Escherichia coli PTCC 1330 and Listeria monocytogenes PTCC 1304 were evaluated. According to the results, the specific growth rate of each test strain was decreased by lactic acid. The inhibitory effect of the sodium lactate was lower than lactic acid in all of the experiments. The best carbon (glucose, lactose and whey) and nitrogen (corn steep powder) sources were optimized in batch and fed batch system and also pH, temperature and aeration were improved in shake flask incubator, 20 l and 750 l stirred tank reactors (STR). Glucose (80 g/l) supplemented with (50 g/l) whey was found as the best production medium.Productivity and yield of calcium lactate production in laboratory scale were 0.51 g/lh and 0.56%, respectively. Fed batch production of calcium lactate in 20 l bioreactor increased the productivity and yield up to 2.47 and 0.83%. Production and productivity was increased up to 350 g/l and 5.4 g/lh, respectively in scaled up processes by 750 liters bioreactor (STR). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - A case study on upgrading earthing system of Isfahan petroleum reservoirs
Shahrokh Shojaeean ebrahim heidariConsidering the high number of fires that occurred due to lightning strikes and electric charges in the oil reservoirs of our country, in this paper, the present scheme of a sample of oil reservoirs in the company of oil and gas pipelines in Isfahan region was discussed MoreConsidering the high number of fires that occurred due to lightning strikes and electric charges in the oil reservoirs of our country, in this paper, the present scheme of a sample of oil reservoirs in the company of oil and gas pipelines in Isfahan region was discussed and criticized. By measuring the soil specific strength and other parameters required for the land system, its modeling and simulation in the CYMGRD software environment were performed and the disadvantages of it were investigated and the optimal design was selected and recommended according to the environmental conditions and observance of the considerations. In addition, various possible ways to deal with the fire hazard of reservoirs were investigated and recommendations were made to optimize the connectivity and potentiality of different components of the reservoirs and how to use them to reduce the possibility of fire and fire oil reservoirs.The results of this study indicate that lightning and static safety does not depend much on the reservoir's land system, and the methods and methods of connecting and potentiating the reservoir components, especially the floating roof and the type of exploitation of oil storage tanks, are of great importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Design of Fault Tolerant System Using Model Predictive Control and Model-Based Fault Identification for a Chemical Reactor
Mehrdada Raeiisi Seyed Mohammad Kargar DehnaviDue to the possibility of fault in any industrial system's actuators, using a fault-tolerant control structure to compensate for the fault and maintain the system stability seems necessary. In this paper, the Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor model is evaluated, which h MoreDue to the possibility of fault in any industrial system's actuators, using a fault-tolerant control structure to compensate for the fault and maintain the system stability seems necessary. In this paper, the Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor model is evaluated, which has a nonlinear model with temperature outputs and heating inlets of interconnected tanks. An Unscented Kalman filter is used to estimate the model's output dynamics, which has a suitable convergence speed and higher accuracy than other estimators. The nonlinear predictive control approach is used to apply the appropriate heating rate to the system to achieve the desired temperatures for each tank when there is no fault in the system. In the proposed design, to compensate for the fault, a sliding mode observer has been used to identify the fault. When a fault is detected, a fuzzy proportional derivative controller is used to control the system's fault. MATLAB software has been to evaluate the proposed method in different working modes of the reactor model. The simulation results show the good performance of the proposed method to compensate for the fault Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Fractional Order PID Controller Design for Level Control of Three Tank System Based on Improved Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm
Meysam Gheisarnezhad Hamed MojallaliFractional-order PID (FOPID) controller is a generalization of standard PID controller using fractional calculus. Compared with the Standard PID controller, two adjustable variables “differential order” and “integral order” are added to the MoreFractional-order PID (FOPID) controller is a generalization of standard PID controller using fractional calculus. Compared with the Standard PID controller, two adjustable variables “differential order” and “integral order” are added to the PID controller.Three tank system is a nonlinear multivariable process that is a good prototype of chemical industrial processes. Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA), that was recently introduced has shown its good performance in optimization problems. In this study, Improved Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (ICOA) has been presented. The aim of the paper is to compare different controllers tuned with a Improved Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (ICOA) for Three Tank System. In order to compare the performance of the optimized FOPID controller with other controllers, Genetic Algorithm(GA), Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Numerical Investigation of the Reinforced Concrete rectangular liquid storage structure (CRLSS) under blast impact by LBE method
Ali Ahmadi Zadeh Kaveh Nezamisavojbolaghi Alaaddin Behravesh Mohsen ParvizLiquid Storage refers to structures utilized to store water in the water supply and refueling systems of industrial estates and refineries. These structures are also widely used in industrial areas and nuclear facilities. In the field of energy industry and macroeconomi MoreLiquid Storage refers to structures utilized to store water in the water supply and refueling systems of industrial estates and refineries. These structures are also widely used in industrial areas and nuclear facilities. In the field of energy industry and macroeconomics, protection of resources and storage structures is considered as one of the important and strategic necessities. The present research investigated an unburied concrete reinforced liquid storage structure (CRLSS) with dimensions of 1 × 1 × 4 m under impact of blast with different TNT masses of 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 kg at 2.5, 4 and 5.5 meters at both lateral and upper positions of the surrounding wall of the CRLSS. Load blast enhanced (LBE) and LS-DYNA, a non-linear dynamic software, were applied for modeling and explicit solution modeling was used to model the shock caused by the blast wave. The impact of shock, pressure and damage to the CRLSS has been investigated after validating the numerical method by laboratory studies by changing the distances and masses of TNT in both lateral and upper positions of the CRLSS. The results indicate that the most critical situation is when TNT is in the lateral position at 2.5 meters from CRLSS, and impact of blast shock and pressure on the CRLSS increased by approximately 20%, 30%, 36% and 43% by increasing the amount of TNT to 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively. Based on the results, the reduction of the amount of damage and the spread of damage in the body of the CRLSS has occurred with the increase of the height of the fluid Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Effects of Military Vehicles on the Behavior of Soil-Steel Structures
Sirous Kazemy Rouzbeh DabiriMain idea of present research is evaluation of statically behavior of soil-steel structures under military vehicles loading. For this purpose, a soil-steel structure with horseshoe shape profile with maximum span equal to 9.88 meters considered. According to Code No.139 MoreMain idea of present research is evaluation of statically behavior of soil-steel structures under military vehicles loading. For this purpose, a soil-steel structure with horseshoe shape profile with maximum span equal to 9.88 meters considered. According to Code No.139 Tank weight affected on numerical model. Plates dimensions based on CHBDC code were selected. In present study, analyses in three position were performed. These positions are based on variations of earth fill, types of soil-steel structure plates and location of loading. Numerical analysis was carried out by Plaxis program in 2D condition and according to finite element method. Results of this study showed that, in soil with suitable geotechnical properties (i.e. increasing elastic modulus and internal friction angle), stability of soil-steel structure go up and settlement values decreases. Also, types of plate in soil-steel structure can be effective in behavior. So that, plates with high thickness and more flexibility is useful for application in soil-steel structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Contamination rate and biofilm formation by psychotrophic bacteria from bulk milk tanks and dairy processing equipments
Rasoul Rezapour Shahram HanifianPsychorotrophs are the heterogeneous group of bacteria that can grow at refrigerator temperatures. Most of these bacteria produce extracellular proteases and lipases which decompose lipids and proteins in milk that leads to undesirable defect in milk. These defects do n MorePsychorotrophs are the heterogeneous group of bacteria that can grow at refrigerator temperatures. Most of these bacteria produce extracellular proteases and lipases which decompose lipids and proteins in milk that leads to undesirable defect in milk. These defects do not disappear even after pasteurization and sterilization. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence rate and diversity of psychotropic bacteria in raw milk tankers and dairy processing equipments as well as the biofilm-forming ability of the isolates. A total of 80 samples including 30 samples of raw milk tanks, 30 samples of dairy product processing equipments and 20 samples from different surfaces of the production line were collected. According to the results, 26.25% of the samples were found contaminated with psychrotrophic bacteria. Amongst, 65% of the surface samples of production line, 23.33% of the raw milk tanks and 3.3% of the processing equipment were positive for psychrotrophic bacteria. Out of 31 isolates, Bacillus genus had the highest contamination rate (32.25%), whilst Alcaligenes showed the lowest rate (3.2%). The results of biofilm formation revealed that 21 isolates (67.75%) were able to produce biofilm. It was concluded that in some cases, current CIP procedure is not efficient for the entire removal of biofilm from the processing equipments. It seems that it is necessary to apply complementary physical/chemical approaches along with the current CIP procedure to complete obliteration of biofilms from dairy industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Understanding Russian Think Tanks and their Approach to Iran's Internal and Foreign Policy
Farshad Roomi Syed Mohsen Al syed GafurAbstract: Think tanks are one of the centers in foreign policy of governments in a way that they theorize and formulate the strategy for action of governments. The think tanks are one of the important pillars of decision making. One of these think tanks is Russia&rsquo MoreAbstract: Think tanks are one of the centers in foreign policy of governments in a way that they theorize and formulate the strategy for action of governments. The think tanks are one of the important pillars of decision making. One of these think tanks is Russia’s think tanks. They are having an undeniable role in defining Russia’s foreign policy. The purpose of the present article is to identify the well-known think tanks in Russia and their views about Iran's domestic and foreign policy. The main question raised by the article is "what is the perception of Russian think tanks about Iran? On which domestic and foreign policy issues do they focus? The underlying hypothesis is that "these think tanks centers have a pragmatic approach to the issue of interaction between Iran and Russia free of subjective and ideological bias. The most important preoccupation of these think tanks are reviewing Iran's political developments, identifying opportunities in Iran's economy and providing solutions for utilizing the capabilities of Iran's regional and global levels in the direction of Russia's foreign policy priorities. The research methodology used in the paper is descriptive-analytical. The finding of the study shows that the role of Russian think tanks are increasing in the process of decision making and they have strong influence on Moscow's foreign policy decisions towards Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Understanding the threat and its effects on the Regionalology approach of Russian think tanks; emphasizing on the environment of Central Asia and the Caucasus
Mehdi Hedayati Shahidani Mohammad Reza LartiThreat is defined as an axis role in designing security doctrines. Should threat be considered as a blend of possibility for an event and its negative results, The concept of threat in the mental model of Russian analysts refers to a set of situations that have somehow MoreThreat is defined as an axis role in designing security doctrines. Should threat be considered as a blend of possibility for an event and its negative results, The concept of threat in the mental model of Russian analysts refers to a set of situations that have somehow endangered, harmed, or targeted Russia's short-term and long-term national interests, values, and priorities. In the framework of structural theory, this article explains Russian perceptions of threat and its impact on the concept of environment, especially in Central Asia and the Caucasus. By prioritizing security developments and addressing key threats in this environment, this paper raises the main question of what is the definition, perspective, dimensions and components of Russian governmental and non-governmental think tanks on the two concepts of threat and environment in Central Asia and the Caucasus? The main hypothesis of the article is that governmental and non-governmental think tanks in Russia have defined and developed the concepts of threat and environment in Central Asia and the Caucasus based on their historical experiences, national geography, natural and cultural identity, interests and material priorities. This article has been done by descriptive-analytical method and using library resources (written and electronic). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Investigation and sensitivity analysis of indicators affecting the dynamic pressure of GRP pipes in water supply designs (Case study: Songhar water supply plan)
Mohammadamin Gandomi sara Amirzadeh Roozbeh Aghamajidi Nooredin BazgirUnsteady currents in pipes can occur in various forms, one of which is the unsteady current of damping, which is called Surge shock.These currents are in the form of pressure waves and if not controlled in some way, can cause irreparable damage to the pipeline. In the p MoreUnsteady currents in pipes can occur in various forms, one of which is the unsteady current of damping, which is called Surge shock.These currents are in the form of pressure waves and if not controlled in some way, can cause irreparable damage to the pipeline. In the present study, the ram phenomenon was introduced and the effects of different parameters, pipe thickness and diameter, different flow velocities on the dynamic loads due to the occurrence of ram impact were investigated.Finally, it was observed that under the same conditions, the effect of pipe material is 25% effective in reducing the maximum impact. The maximum impact increase is about 1% due to a very small increase in pipe thickness. Doubling the moment of inertia reduces the maximum impact pressure by about 42%, which has been investigated using Water Hammer software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Estimation of Run-off Using Simple Tank Model in Dez River Basin
Hojatola Alale Mohsen Shafieinia Fateme BadieRun-offs are considered as important hydrological factors in feasibility studies of river engineering and irrigation-related projects under arid and semi-arid condition. Flood control is one of the crucial factor, the management of which while mitigates its destructive MoreRun-offs are considered as important hydrological factors in feasibility studies of river engineering and irrigation-related projects under arid and semi-arid condition. Flood control is one of the crucial factor, the management of which while mitigates its destructive consequences, abstracts considerable volume of renewable water resources. The methodology applied here was based on Mizumura, which applied a mathematical model for simple tank to simulate the rainfall-run-off process in a particular water basin using the data from the observational hydrograph. The model was applied in the Dez River water basin to simulate and estimate the floods. The water tank has a horizontal cross-sectional area, which is a function of the water depth and which may be determined from the recession curves of flood hydrographs. The total vertical depth of the water tank and the infiltration velocity, which govern the time lag between rainfall and runoff, are computed from the rising limbs of the flow hydrograph. Results indicated that the calculated hydrographs using the simple tank method and the observation hydrographs had a close proximity. Results also showed a linear relation between the rainfall and run-off. It was found that the recession curve slope is constant for the subsurface and underground flows under different conditions, quite similar to the results arrive at by. There was however a considerable variation in the surface run-off from one flooding to the other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Construction cost estimation of spherical storage tanks: artificial neural networks and hybrid regression—GA algorithms
Vida Arabzadeh S. T . A. Niaki Vahid Arabzadeh -
Open Access Article
33 - An Analytical Solution for Cylindrical Concrete Tank on Deformable Soil
Shirish Vichare Mandar M. Inamdar -
Open Access Article
34 - ارزیابی نشر صوتی از کف مخزن روغن از طریق اندازه گیری ضخامت صفحات پایین مخزن
ا. هدایی م. جوادی ا. برومندنیا ح. صادقی -
Open Access Article
35 - Comparative study of optimization algorithms for sizing of Wind Turbine/ Fuel Cell/ Electrolyzer/ Hydrogen Tank in the hybrid stand-alone power system
Hadi Razmi Hasan Doagou-Mojarrad Javad Olamaei -
Open Access Article
36 - International Responsibility of Greece and The United States of America for Seizing the Oil Tanker of The Islamic Republic of Iran
Mohamad Setayeshpur Moein SaadiField and aims: following the seizure of the oil tanker of the Islamic Republic of Iran by Greece, which took place on the orders of the US Department of Justice, international responsibility is realized. The two elements of attribution and breach of obligation, which a MoreField and aims: following the seizure of the oil tanker of the Islamic Republic of Iran by Greece, which took place on the orders of the US Department of Justice, international responsibility is realized. The two elements of attribution and breach of obligation, which are elements of creating international responsibility, are evident in relation to the actions of two states. On the other hand, the retaliatory action of the Islamic Republic of Iran can be justified according to the provisions of the international law of the seas and also based on the assumption of the claims made by the Greek government in the context of the retaliatory action. The consequences of the international wrongful act carried out by Greece and the U.S.A. should also be stopped and compensation for the damages should be paid in full to Iran.Method:The present research was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method. Finding and conclusion: In the case of the seizure of the oil tanker known as Lana, which used to operate under the name of Pegas and was carrying an oil cargo belonging to Iran, the Greek government illegally seized the ship while it docked in the coastal waters of Greece and then transferred its cargo to the American ship at the request of the US Department of Justice. The international wrongful act is considers as a breach of international obligation of Greece and the United States of America which causes the international responsibility of both states. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - A comparative comparison of think tanks in Obama and Trump's decision-making towards Iran
Reza Haghshenas Gorgabi Hossein Ahmadi Mohammadali basiriThe think tanks of the United States have played a special role in the decision-making of American politicians. The main issue is what effect think tanks have on relations with Iran. This study examines the role of think tanks in US foreign policy decision-making toward MoreThe think tanks of the United States have played a special role in the decision-making of American politicians. The main issue is what effect think tanks have on relations with Iran. This study examines the role of think tanks in US foreign policy decision-making toward Iran during the Obama and Trump presidencies. The change in decision-making was due to the change of think tanks during the two presidents. What was the role of think tanks in the decision-making of Obama's and Trump's foreign policy apparatus towards the I.R.Iran? The think tanks with the intellectual and executive elites and the formulation of foreign policy and the design of various scenarios have focused on the decisions of the US foreign policy apparatus towards Iran during the Obama and Trump eras. Through negotiations, Obama signed JCPOA, which sought to reduce related sanctions. Trump left JCPOA. Obama agreed with JCPOA the negotiation scenario that originated from the think tanks and Trump with JCPOA with the scenario of pressure and sanctions of the think tanks. This change in scenario was due to the shift of think tanks from moderate to neoconservative and extremist. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of think tanks on the decisions of the US foreign policy apparatus and use it to adopt a counter-strategy against US policies towards Iran. using the Obama approved think tank comparison method, chose the negotiation approach and Trump chose sanctions and pressure. This research, analytical method and library tools have been used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Role of Think Tanks in America''s Nuclear Sanctions against Iran
Seyed Javad Emam Jomezadeh Mojtaba BabaeiAn in depth review of US policies on Iran reveals that Congress, the Israeli lobbies, the White House, think tanks and the media are the key players in the country''s foreign policy and a kind of intellectual alignment - there are procedural and interaction. So that the MoreAn in depth review of US policies on Iran reveals that Congress, the Israeli lobbies, the White House, think tanks and the media are the key players in the country''s foreign policy and a kind of intellectual alignment - there are procedural and interaction. So that the concept of think tanks and processing scenarios justify public functions and role of architects’ sanctions are responsible for the implementation and operation of the sanctions and give them feedback or expert advice about draft bills. In this article we''re going to role of think tanks in America to impose nuclear sanctions against Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Role of Think Tanks in Decision-Making of US Foreign Policy on Iran’s Nuclear Energy Program
سید جواد امام جمعه زاده مجتبی بابایی Abstract The US foreign policy is in fact formulated through constant discussions between the elite in the country’s think tanks. Iran’s nuclear energy program, as one of the most important issues related to international security, More Abstract The US foreign policy is in fact formulated through constant discussions between the elite in the country’s think tanks. Iran’s nuclear energy program, as one of the most important issues related to international security, has been studied by various US think tanks. The study of various research projects, annual reports, official reports and interviews by analysts working for these think tanks suggests there are four approaches at these US think tanks to Iran’s nuclear energy program which include adopting a diplomatic attitude toward Iran, mounting pressure on Iran from inside the country, imposing long time sanctions as an effective tool to roll back the country’s nuclear drive and taking limited military action against Iran in order to destroy its nuclear facilities. In order to confront threats posed by these think tanks, one should understand strategies they offer to the US administration. This can help diverse strategies to counter them gaining a better and deeper understanding of the role and position of these think tanks. In the process of decision making in the US foreign policy on Iran’s nuclear energy program, the present paper is an attempt to help the Iranian elite in confronting Washington’s threats against Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Investigating the Effect of Buffer Tank Type on Technical and Environmental Performance of Solar Heating Systems in Iran
Moein Mortazavi Somaye Yaghoubi Mehdi Jahangiri -
Open Access Article
41 - Design of a Free Model Adaptive-Neural Controller for Level and Temperature Control of Liquid Storage Tanks
Mohammad Hosein Ebrahimi Ebrahimi Mohammad Bagher Menhaj Morteza Nazari Monfared Ahmad Fakharian -
Open Access Article
42 - A High Order Sliding Mode Controller Design for the Quadruple Tank Process with a Time Delay Compensator in The Presence of Uncertainties
Davood Ansari Mehdi Siahi Mohammad Komareji -
Open Access Article
43 - Consequence Modeling of a Rupture of Methyl Diethanolamine (MDEA) Storage Spherical Tank (Catastrophic Rupture Scenario)
Mojtaba Khorani Mohsen Mansouri Seyyed Hossein Hosseini Naimeh Setarehshenas -
Open Access Article
44 - Evaluation of two lattice Boltzmann methods for fluid flow simulation in a stirred tank
SeyedMehdi NaghaviIn the present study, commonly used weakly compressible lattice Boltzmann method and Guo incompressible lattice Boltzmann method have been used to simulate fluid flow in a stirred tank. For this purpose a 3D Parallel code has been developed in the framework of the latti MoreIn the present study, commonly used weakly compressible lattice Boltzmann method and Guo incompressible lattice Boltzmann method have been used to simulate fluid flow in a stirred tank. For this purpose a 3D Parallel code has been developed in the framework of the lattice Boltzmann method. This program has been used for simulation of flow at different geometries such as 2D channel fluid flow and 3D stirred tank fluid flow. It has been shown that in addition to elimination of compressibility error, the Guo incompressible method eliminates mass leakage error from the fluid flow simulations although its implementation is as easy as the weakly compressible Lattice Boltzmann method. By the way, comparison between results of the two methods shows that differences in local flow quantities are negligible in both methods; however, for overall flow quantities, the results of Guo incompressible method are more accurate than those of weakly compressible method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The feasibility of using solar heating in the Yazd hospital: A case study
Mahshid Babaei Mehdi Jahangiri Farhad Raeiszadeh Gholam Reza Aboutalebi Abbas Jafari Arya Nariman -
Open Access Article
46 - Techno-enviro assessment and dynamic energy balance simulation of the domestic-scale solar heating system in Lebanon
Mehdi Jahangiri Hasan Ali Lotfi Nagafabadi Esmaeil Moradi Seyed Mohammad Noorbakhsh Hamed Saghaei Hussein A. Kazem Miqdam Tariq ChaichanStatistics show that the residential and service sectors consume a large amount of the total generated energy in every country, most of which is spent for space and water heating. Solar water heater (SWH) as a recently developed technique can be used for supplying most MoreStatistics show that the residential and service sectors consume a large amount of the total generated energy in every country, most of which is spent for space and water heating. Solar water heater (SWH) as a recently developed technique can be used for supplying most of the energy consumption which is necessary to be considered for social and economic development and continuously improving the quality of life. Practical measures of SWH for space and water heating have not been developed enough and no feasibility study has been conducted on the subject in Lebanon. To do so, using the energy software such METEOSYN and TSOL as very important pre-fabrication tools for the simulation, modelling and analysis of every management applications for energy development-based systems, we study the potential of using domestic-scale SWHs in residential apartments at 2 stations in Lebanon. The results show that Tripoli station, which supplies 37.8% of its total heating needs, is more suitable than Riyaq, which could provide for 32.1% of its total needs. The results also demonstrate that both stations produce 2915.7 kWh for space heating and 5403.7 kWh for water heating annually using SWH. This method prevent the emission of 2.4 tons of CO2 pollutant gas annually based on fossil fuels. Manuscript profile
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