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Open Access Article
1 - A comparative study of the "polyphonic" component in contemporary Arabic and Persian novels with emphasis on Bakhtin's theories (Sooshun Simin Daneshvar- Miramar Najib Mahfouz)
Zohreh Dastpak saeid hamidian Farhad TahmasebiThe present research, using the opinions of Mikhail Bakhtin and especially the theory of polyphony, tries to comparatively analyze the discourses in the novels "Sushon" by Simin Daneshvar and "Miramar" by Najib Mahfouz and by using the descriptive-an MoreThe present research, using the opinions of Mikhail Bakhtin and especially the theory of polyphony, tries to comparatively analyze the discourses in the novels "Sushon" by Simin Daneshvar and "Miramar" by Najib Mahfouz and by using the descriptive-analytical method to reflect the polyphony in Pay these novels. The author evaluates these novels based on Bakhtin's conversational logic and the components in it, and in the meantime, the research has answered the question of how polyphony is represented in the selected novels. The results of the research show that in the above stories we witness polyphony, but the form and manner of expression of this polyphony are different and in each story factors such as: gender, social and economic structure, intellectual currents in the form of two poles of self-awareness and cultural alienation are involved. The results of polyphony are represented in the form of components more than other factors. Women often have the role of following the thought that is issued from the moral reference of the story, and they generally strengthen the polyphony in the story with a partial style. The social and economic structure, class conflict, and intellectual currents in the stories, each of them create the field of discourse diversity by creating two opposite poles as the other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Sociological analysis of Del Koor's novel by Isma'il Fasih
saman khani esfand abad Mah NazariThe sociology of literature is the study of literary texts from a sociological point of view that illustrates the relationship between literature and social elements. In fact, this type of analysis examines the interplay between literature and society. A different readi MoreThe sociology of literature is the study of literary texts from a sociological point of view that illustrates the relationship between literature and social elements. In fact, this type of analysis examines the interplay between literature and society. A different reading of literary work is a two-way process between author and reader. It is important because literary traditions seek for absolutism of meaning, a one-dimensional view that the modern man does not tolerate, and in some way disgusts the reader. But critiques based on sociology as a new analysis make the reader's mind link to different aspects of the text's aesthetics. To this end, the novel by Isma’il Fasih Del Koor, which covers various prominent periods of Iranian history, including the years of Pahlavi rule and the constitutional revolution(Enghelabe Mashrouteh), has been critiqued sociologically to illustrate the relation of literature to the environment and social classes of that era. In this study, we first outline the theories of critique of sociology of literature and categorize sociological components from Goldmann, Lukacs, Bakhtin, and Escarpit's viewpoints and then apply them to the context of the author's intended community so that we can understand the life style of people, classes Different societies, especially the weak and low-income classes, their occupations, women's social status and their deprivation, historical issues, social infrastructure, lack of health, prevalence of diseases and famines, use of traditional medicine in lieu of up-to-date treatments, social injuries , Poverty, Prostitution, Rape, Violence, Usury, Acid Spraying, Religious Beliefs, Popular Beliefs Yeah, we better understand the superstitions of that era and ... It should be noted that this research has been done by "descriptive - analytical" method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Polyphonic Narration in the novel 'dafāter al-Warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas in the light of the theory of 'Mikhail Bakhtin'
Majid Salehbek Maedeh Zohriarab The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is w More The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is what the critics named the polyphonic narration. We encounter the polyphonic narration in the novels of modern and postmodern literature as a departure from the traditional novel and its characterization by polyphony at different levels. Polyphony and poly-lingual are the most important concepts that Mickhail Bakhtin, the Russian theorist, was looking for. There is no doubt that the polyphonic narrative text is a new type of literary text and has a paramount importance in forming different languages and voices with different cultural and social affiliations and in changing a novel to a play in which the fictional characters interact. Accordingly, this research aims to study the polyphonic narration in the novel 'dafāter al-warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas, the Jordanian novelist, in the light of Mikhail Bakhtin's theory. While the novel has polyphony feature, the research tries to depict its polyphonic basis through adaptation of polyphony in the text of the novel. Since the topic deserves to explore deeply and focus on its different aspects, this research tries to deals deeper with the polyphony feature of this novel. The approach of the research is that the text of the fictional text of Jalal Barjas includes multiplicity in personalities, consciousness patterns, ideologies, and others things that are among the components of the polyphonic narrative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Examining the Stories of Female Immigrant Writers Based on Mikhail Bakhtin's Carnivalesque Theory
Fatemeh Jafaryan Shervin Khamseh Soheyla Ghasimi tarshiziThe purpose of this research was to examine the stories of female immigrant writers based on Mikhail Bakhtin's Carnivalesque theory. The research universe included all the stories of female immigrant writers. The sample of the research subsumed the stories of migration MoreThe purpose of this research was to examine the stories of female immigrant writers based on Mikhail Bakhtin's Carnivalesque theory. The research universe included all the stories of female immigrant writers. The sample of the research subsumed the stories of migration from Goli Targhi (12 stories) and Firouze Jazayeri Duma (Laughter Without an Accent), which was analyzed based on Mikhail Bakhtin's theory of Carnivalesque from Dostoyevsky's book Boutique. The research design was descriptive-analytical. Data gathering was processed based on the collecting of library information, documents, and note taking on index cards, on the basis of characteristics such as carnival actions, chronotope (examination of time-space), architectonics (organization of subject relationships) and heteroglossia (meaning in the situation) and investigation of situations carnivalization of migration in several stories of the mentioned authors. The data were analyzed according to Bakhtin's theory Carnivalesque. The results showed that, in order to achieve harmony in the conditions of time and place and new situation in a carnivalized environment, the immigrants change their behavior and character to harmonize themselves with the new land. Also, in carnival's view, a foreigner was considered another at any time and place, and she/he could not fully accept the identity of the people of the new land. It was also challenging to cope with the culture, language and situation of people from other lands in the works of Goli Targhi and Firuzeh Jazayeri. Both authors had experienced two types of life in the two situations of homeland and immigrated land. The stories of these two writers were a direct and realistic reflection of their lived world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Intertextual analysis in the stories of Azadaran Bil and Tatar Khandan by Gholamhossein Saedi with an emphasis on Bakhtin's dialogue and polyphony
nemat mansoori Badrieh Ghavami Reza Borzoiy Jamal AdhamiThe present study investigates the intertextuality in the stories of Azadaran Beil and Tatar Khandan by Gholam Hossein Saedi based on the theory of Mikhail Bakhtin. What is referred to as intertextuality today is a term that can be called discourse between texts. Intert MoreThe present study investigates the intertextuality in the stories of Azadaran Beil and Tatar Khandan by Gholam Hossein Saedi based on the theory of Mikhail Bakhtin. What is referred to as intertextuality today is a term that can be called discourse between texts. Intertextuality is the study of the discourse of texts in literary and cultural works of the world. Before Ferdinand de Saussure's theories, everyone believed in the independence of texts, but Saussure's theories lack the validity of these theories. Based on this theory, Bakhtin believes that texts and their speakers consciously or unconsciously benefit from each other's intellectual and literary sources. The authors of this article intend to analyze these two works with the method of content analysis and with the aim of knowing more about the works of this author based on Bakhtin's theory and with the library method; The findings of the research show that the author was influenced by the Quran and Islamic beliefs and also mentioned some popular beliefs during the stories. The expression of proverbs and myths, irony and bringing part of prayers and supplications are other indicators of these works. Saedi has sometimes mentioned other stories in his works, and in terms of content and theme, he has been influenced by Sadiq Hedayat's Buf Kor and Kafka's Metamorphosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Rereading Bakhtin's dialogue logic in Sadegh Hedayat's works
mahbobeh Khorasani mojdeh khajehkarimaldini mortaza rashidi ashjerdiMikhail Bakhtin's theory of dialogue logic is one of the prominent theories in the field of literature that can be analyzed and analyzed in any literary work, especially novels and stories. In Sadiq Hedayat's works, it can be claimed that his works can be adap MoreMikhail Bakhtin's theory of dialogue logic is one of the prominent theories in the field of literature that can be analyzed and analyzed in any literary work, especially novels and stories. In Sadiq Hedayat's works, it can be claimed that his works can be adapted to this theory in order to answer the question of what propositions and methods Hedayat used to spread his words and project his philosophical and social views. works before him with the intertextual method, had a remarkable skill in processing his works, so that in criticizing and analyzing his works, getting to know his mental space requires more precision and effort in different sciences.With the approach and method of content analysis and library study, the dialectic between me and myself, as well as the confrontation between myself and the society, and how to use rhetorical statements and the confrontation between me and the other have been examined. The works of Hedayat can sometimes be seen as arising from the action resulting from the confrontation between oneself and the community, and sometimes from the dialectic between oneself and oneself. The result of this research, by analyzing the components of me and the other, intertextuality, narrative style and interrogative, exclamatory and imperative statements, shows that the guidance between self and society and the dialectic between self and self is in Ceylon and he uses any method to express his opinions. He has benefited from his life and society and his philosophical thoughts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A Comparative study of dialogue in Saadi's Golestan and Onsorol-mali's Qaboosnameh based on Mikhail Bakhtin’s Logic of dialogue
حسین حسن پور آلاشتی مرضیه حقیقیThe theory of the logic of dialogue or the logic of conversation in the twentieth century was proposed in contrast to Saussure's structural linguistics and cognitive style. On the one hand, Mikhail Bakhtin in the protest of single voice of Stalin’s regime and on t MoreThe theory of the logic of dialogue or the logic of conversation in the twentieth century was proposed in contrast to Saussure's structural linguistics and cognitive style. On the one hand, Mikhail Bakhtin in the protest of single voice of Stalin’s regime and on the other hand, the opposition of the theory of individualism and non- socialism of language that was dominant before him in the criticism domain, he proposed the theory of multiple voices and dialogue-centerd language of literature and art. Since Bakhtin considersthe dialogue-centered approach in the essence of art, this theory is used in reading of different works literature and art at present time. Given that the logic of conversation coming from the mono-voice, anti-dogmatic, and anti-happiness community, in this study one of the darkest periods of social and literary life in Iran after the Mongol invasions has been considered.in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the social structure dialogue-centered method of authors, two prose works of Golestan and Qaboosnamh have been concidered that one of them relates to the pre-Mongol period and the other one belongs to Mongol conquest, are selected. In spite of the facts that both works are equal with respect to contents and didactic points Onsorolmali’s approach is different from Saadi‘s apporoch from dialogue components point of view. Therefore, this paper aims to study the logic of conversation in theses two written works of Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Origins of Power in Saadi's Words
Giti Shirvandehi Fateme Sheikhlovand Mohammad Farahamand Masoud ZebardastIn the apparent levels and layers of the text, in a pyramidal structure, Saadi considers the origin of power to be a divine gift that is granted to certain people and is transferred from them to family members. However, text like language is based on the nature of conve MoreIn the apparent levels and layers of the text, in a pyramidal structure, Saadi considers the origin of power to be a divine gift that is granted to certain people and is transferred from them to family members. However, text like language is based on the nature of conversation, and it is always a place of accumulation of meanings, concepts, and multiple voices. In addition to the author's intention and dominant discourse, many other voices can be heard in it. Therefore, the text provides possibilities for the readers and researchers that go beyond the perception of the dominant discourse. In the first step, this article tries to use the opinions of thinkers such as Mikhail Bakhtin, Roland Barthes, and Paul Ricoeur to show that texts are a combination of sounds, quotations, references, and possibilities that go beyond authorial awareness and provide the context for more recent reading and understanding. Then, it tries to examine Saadi's position in Iranshahri political theory. Finally, it seeks to show, through Michel Foucault's genealogical achievements that power in Saadi's thought and works is not confined to a specific institution or position but flows throughout social relationships and networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Welcome toHades and the Myth of Persephone: A Comparative Analysis Based on Theory of Intertextuality
Afsane Hasan zade dastjerdiSometimes, the writers of literary texts utilize some characters from the other texts, stories and even the whole plot. One of main recourses of stories is myths that have been reflected in rites, beliefs and fables in different forms. The Greek myth of Persephone and h MoreSometimes, the writers of literary texts utilize some characters from the other texts, stories and even the whole plot. One of main recourses of stories is myths that have been reflected in rites, beliefs and fables in different forms. The Greek myth of Persephone and her journey to the kingdom of Hades, the god of underworld, a myth about death and resurrection, is one of them. The main character of the novel, Welcome to Hades, by Belgheis Soleimani, travels like Persephone and after experiencing the events finally reaches the underworld. By using analytic method the present article attempt to explore the role and method of presence and recreation of the myth of Persephone in the novel, Welcome to Hades, with respect to Julia Kristeva’s theory of intertextuality and the ideas of Bakhtin about the logic of dialogue of texts and intertextual relationship in literary texts. The results of the research show that the myths of Persephone and Hades are a pretext for the novel Welcome to Hades and have influenced the structure and characters of the novel. By this way the hidden dimensions of the novel can be understood better. Manuscript profile
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