List of Articles Criteria and Indicators

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  1 - Identification and prioritization of criteria and indicators in the forest landscape restoration (case study: Chehl-Chay watershed, Golestan Province)
  Mitra Emami Marjan Mohammadzadeh Seyedhamed Mirkarimi Shaban Shataee MohammadHadi Moayeri
  10.30495/jrnr.2023.72324.10286
  Deforestation and forest degradation have led to the formation of poor landscapes all over the world. Although in the past conservation strategies have emphasized intact natural systems, today the strategies have focused on the conservation and restoration of degraded e More

  Deforestation and forest degradation have led to the formation of poor landscapes all over the world. Although in the past conservation strategies have emphasized intact natural systems, today the strategies have focused on the conservation and restoration of degraded ecosystems. The forest landscape restoration approach (FLR) is considered an important approach for the restoration of ecological and socio-economic services of forest ecosystems in landscape scales. Identification and prioritization of efficient and effective criteria and indicators in the process of prioritizing areas to restore the forest landscape are a necessity that has not been done in Iran so far. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to introduce effective criteria and indicators for prioritizing appropriate areas for forest landscape restoration in the selected area. In this study, a total of 26 criteria and 68 indicators from ecological and socio-economic points of view were identified with an emphasis on directing restoration efforts towards areas that guarantee maximum profits from two perspectives of necessity (the need for restoration) and opportunity (feasibility of a restoration) and then, they were prioritized using the Delphi method. The results showed that in the section on the need for restoration, the process of landscape degradation from ecological criteria and poverty from socio-economic criteria were the first priorities. Besides, the ecological criteria of destruction and natural regeneration potential with equal priority and socio-economic criterion of the budget in terms of feasibility of reconstruction were the first priority. The results of this study, in addition to helping decision-makers and planners dealing with protecting nature protection and its use, can lead to the attraction of active participation of stakeholders in the forest landscape restoration programs with a balanced attention to both aspects of the necessity and the opportunity of restoration. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Introduce a method to measure the power of urban space production Actors(Proposing criteria and indicators for measuring the power of actors)
  Nayyer Farabiasl Mojtaba Rafieian Mohammadreza Khatibi
  10.30495/ums.2021.19263
  Introduction & Objective: Urban space production is a complex concept that has been studied by different thinkers from different angles. Power is one of the main factors influencing the production of urban spaces. This research seeks to determine the criteria and in More

  Introduction & Objective: Urban space production is a complex concept that has been studied by different thinkers from different angles. Power is one of the main factors influencing the production of urban spaces. This research seeks to determine the criteria and indicators and provide a method for measuring the power of actors    in the production of urban spaces.Research Method: The present study is fundamental according to the purpose of the research and descriptive-exploratory according to the research question. Documentary and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Sampling was performed using snowball method to reach the subject experts. Analytic Network Process (ANP) and SuperDecision software were used to analyze the data.Statistical population: In this research, a community of urban planning experts and officials and executive experts in the public, semi-public and private sectors (including 30 people) has been conducted.Findings: Criteria and indicators for measuring the power of urban space production actors have been identified and by analyzing the network, the weight of each has been obtained and a method for measuring the power of actors in the form of a scoring table has been developed.Conclusion: This study was conducted in order to develop the methodology of power relations analysis of urban space production actors. According to the obtained results, the criterion of “access to power resources”, has the highest weight among the criteria of power of actors, and the criteria of “influence in space” and the “degree of participation and presence in space” are in the next category of importance.  Manuscript profile
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  3 - Identifying and prioritizing the components and indicators that affect the ranking of universities, focusing on educational aspects
  MINA Rahimi Ali Akbar Amin Beidokhti Mohammad Reza Zare Banadkouki
  The purpose of the current research is to identify and prioritize the criteria and indicators that are effective on the ranking of universities, with focus on educational aspects. In terms of the data collection, this research is classified as a mixed method (quantitati More

  The purpose of the current research is to identify and prioritize the criteria and indicators that are effective on the ranking of universities, with focus on educational aspects. In terms of the data collection, this research is classified as a mixed method (quantitative-qualitative) research. The research was carried out using the combined method of grounded theory and fuzzy Delphi. The qualitative part of the research was conducted through an open and targeted interview with scientific experts, industrial owners, and students. In order to analyze the qualitative data, the three-stage process of open, central, and selective coding was used. In the quantitative part of the research, fuzzy Delphi method, with triangular fuzzy numbers, was used to identify suitable indicators and prioritize them. Statistical population in the index section, was all published researches related to the university ranking; for the interview section, experts from public comprehensive universities based in Tehran were selected in a targeted way. Based on data analysis, seventeen components and sixty-nine effective indicators were identified in the educational ranking of universities. The six main dimensions include strategy and goals, financial resources, evaluation and feedback system, training process, commercialization and human resources. The identified components were prioritized in order of importance as follows: communication with the industry, educational resources, skill training, commercialization, financial resources, planning, professors, international interaction, strategy and goals, administrative staff, ethics, content education, students, evaluation and supervision, graduates, cross-departmental communication and managers. University education leads to the improvement of research and scientific production. In order to promote universities to the global level, renewed attention to university education should be included in the mechanism of university development programs Manuscript profile
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  4 - The Identification and prioritization of criteria and indicators for Assessment of Multiple Ecosystem Services using of multi-criteria decision making techniques Entropy and TOPSIS in Darabkola Watershed
  MARYAM PIRIKIYA asghar fallah hamid amirnejad jahangir mohamadi
  Identification and prioritization criteria and indicators for Assessment Ecosystem Services are very important. In this study, we used Delphi questionnaire for identification very important criteria and indicators for Assessment of provisioning Services (Water Yield and More

  Identification and prioritization criteria and indicators for Assessment Ecosystem Services are very important. In this study, we used Delphi questionnaire for identification very important criteria and indicators for Assessment of provisioning Services (Water Yield and Timber Production) and Regulating Services (Soil conservation and Carbon Storage and Sequestration) in Darabkola Watershed and Shannon Entropy technique used for calculation weight of them. Then, TOPSIS technique used for prioritization criteria and indicators of Multiple Ecosystem Services. The first, the important and effective indicators were selected and weighted by relevant experts via Delphi questionnaires. That after customization was determinate 19 indicators for Water Yield, 23 indicators for Timber Production, 25 indicators for Soil conservation and 22 indicators for Carbon Storage and Sequestration. The result of TOPSIS technique showed that the indicators of rainfall and snow persistence and the criteria of soil and climatic for water yield, the indicators of tree species type and percentage of forests and the criteria of forest resources and climatic for Timber Production, the indicators of NDVI and canopy cover percentage and the criteria of vegetation and soil for Soil conservation and the indicators of land use and NDVI and the criteria of vegetation and climatic for Carbon Storage and Sequestration in soil respectively had the highest prioritization. Also prioritization ecosystem services in Darabkola Watershed respectively had Timber Production, Carbon Storage and Sequestration, Water Yield and Soil conservation. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Analysis of environmental Performance of Tehran Metropolis based on Indicators Green City Approach (Case Study: Central and Southern Regions)
  Mehdi Jirrudi Rahim Sarvar Mehrdad Navabakhsh
  Today's Cities affected by the industrial Revolution have had a profound Impact on the Development Process, so that today they are recognized as the main Causes of instability in the World, and any measures of global Sustainability depend on urban Sustainability. The Me More

  Today's Cities affected by the industrial Revolution have had a profound Impact on the Development Process, so that today they are recognized as the main Causes of instability in the World, and any measures of global Sustainability depend on urban Sustainability. The Metropolis of Tehran has witnessed many Changes in recent Decades, especially in the field of Environment. Therefore, in order to get out of the destructive Consequences of traditional and different Development Patterns and Approaches in Tehran Metropolis, the use of environmentally friendly Approaches such as the Green City Approach in the Development Process of this Metropolis and achieving sustainable urban Development is very important. The present research is theoretical-applied in terms of Type, descriptive-analytical in terms of Study method, survey-library in terms of Data collection Method and a questionnaire based on Likert Scale. The Purpose of this Study is to determine the environmental Status of the central and southern Regions of Tehran Metropolis based on the Indicators of the Green City Approach. Therefore, first, using Entropy Method, 32 quantitative Indicators in the form of 7 Criteria were weighed and then, using the TOPSIS Technique in Excell software, a comparison of central and southern Regions of Tehran Metropolis was performed to achieve the Research Goal. The Results show that most of the southern Regions of Tehran are in agreement with the Indicators of the Green City Approach, and accordingly, Regions 12 and 16 are in the best and Regions 10 and 17 are in the worst environmental Condition. Manuscript profile