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Open Access Article
1 - Concept of Love from Rūzbahān Baqlī’s Viewpoint
محمودرضا اسفندیار فاطمه سلیمانی کوشالیLove has a significant place in the mysticism of Rūzbahān Baqlī– theprominent mystic of the 12th century. Dealing with the concept of loveis the continuation of a tradition that dates back to the early generationsof Sufis. This tradition noticeably has been reflec MoreLove has a significant place in the mysticism of Rūzbahān Baqlī– theprominent mystic of the 12th century. Dealing with the concept of loveis the continuation of a tradition that dates back to the early generationsof Sufis. This tradition noticeably has been reflected in Rūzbahān’sworks, especially in his Abhar al-‘Āshiqīn. In fact, he constructed hismystical path on the basis of love. He believed that love has floweddown into the whole chain of beings, from the highest level to thelowest one.From his point of view, love is one of the God’s attributes. SinceGod’s attributes are inseparable from His essence, and the essence ofGod is ineffable, so love is ineffable too. Therefore, only love coulddescribe itself. Love has no limitations; so, only love can transform therelationship between the Creator and the creature into a relationshipbetween the lover and the Beloved. Rūzbahān considers human beingas a manifestation of God’s beauty. He admires physical beauty andgoodness as an essential element for falling in love and so he believesin an eternal relation between goodness and love. He considers earthylove as a motivating factor for attaining the divine love. By presentingdifferent categories of love, he shows the way to go through this path. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A comparative Study on Nostalgia in Sepehri and Bayati's poetries
Ahmad Reza yalameha Moslem RajabiAbd al-Wahhab al-Bayati and Sohrab Sepehri – as two famous Arabic and Persian poets – are known as the pioneers of romanticism school according to their personal and social conditions; they ignored the time and combined most part of their poetries with sadne MoreAbd al-Wahhab al-Bayati and Sohrab Sepehri – as two famous Arabic and Persian poets – are known as the pioneers of romanticism school according to their personal and social conditions; they ignored the time and combined most part of their poetries with sadness, sigh and missing the past. The present paper studies the abovementioned poets' poetries in descriptive – analytical method and compares their thoughts in their poetries. The results show that both poets have commonalities in nostalgia, homesickness, beloved and social issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Magnificent Beloved in Shamloo and Nizar Qabbani's poetry
Behrouz Roumiani Masoumeh Bakhshizadeh Hamideh QolamiBilqees – Nizar qabbani's beloved – such as Aida – Shamloo's beloved – is the magnificent beloved who was paid attention by him because of her ethic features and thoughts. It seems that a change has occurred in poets attitudes toward beloved duri MoreBilqees – Nizar qabbani's beloved – such as Aida – Shamloo's beloved – is the magnificent beloved who was paid attention by him because of her ethic features and thoughts. It seems that a change has occurred in poets attitudes toward beloved during the new evolutions in poetry and attention to new concepts; the most obvious one which is in depiction of beloved figure can be seen in Shamloo and Qabbani's poetry. That's why that concentration on the magnificent beloved is noticeable in these two poets' poetry rather than the traditional beloved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A Comparative Study of Romantic Themes in the Poetry of Fereydoon Moshiri and Nizar Qabbani
Mehdi Momtahen Momtahen Leila KhoshkamBasically, the comparative study of literary works is possible through two schools, the French and the American. In the American school a critic studies and analyzes the works of two authors or poets regardless of the concept of influence. In this school the existence o MoreBasically, the comparative study of literary works is possible through two schools, the French and the American. In the American school a critic studies and analyzes the works of two authors or poets regardless of the concept of influence. In this school the existence of common concepts and themes is regarded as sufficient ground for a comparative analysis. If the two poets concerned are contemporary, like Qabbani and Khalil Matran, the study would be called a balance, and if the comparison involves the style and diction of two poets of different languages, like Qabbani and Moshiri, the study would be called a comparison. Thus, the current study compares the romantic poems of Nizar Qabbani and Fereydoon Moshiri focusing on their common romantic themes and notions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Comparative Study of Sonnet in the Poetry of Saadi and Mutenabbi
Leila Ghassemi Haji Abadai Maryam Peykan PourSaadiand Mutenaabi are both among the greatest and most well-known poets of Iran and Iraq who share some similaritiesin their way of thinking and expression as well as their artistic vision. The present article studies their sonnets while focusing on the subjects of lov MoreSaadiand Mutenaabi are both among the greatest and most well-known poets of Iran and Iraq who share some similaritiesin their way of thinking and expression as well as their artistic vision. The present article studies their sonnets while focusing on the subjects of love, lover and beloved in their poetry. It also studies and compares their themes and similar viewpoints. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - A study of love in the poetry of Hossein Monzavi and Nezar Ghobani
Afshar Azizi Dolatabadi Fahimeh AsadiLove is the key word of life mixed with human emotions and romantic whispers of a positive feeling which, according to Movlana Tabib, it is one of our causes and its depth is the key of the poetic melody of most of our poets, especially Nezar and Monzavi. The existence MoreLove is the key word of life mixed with human emotions and romantic whispers of a positive feeling which, according to Movlana Tabib, it is one of our causes and its depth is the key of the poetic melody of most of our poets, especially Nezar and Monzavi. The existence of lover, which is the main source of this emotional relationship mixed with melancholy, waves in the poems of Nezar Ghobani and Hossein Monzavi like other poets. But in Monzavi poetry, still it has retained the main romantic framework of classical poetry more than Nezar Ghobani's poetry. There are many opinions about Monzavi's poetry and ideas. However, in his poetry, the position of love and romance is still not far from the poetry of the Indian style period. But Nezar's poetry, if compared to the romantic themes of earlier periods, the time interval and the dominant culture in his mind, given extensive connections with the contemporary Western world; the evolution of his poetry is felt more than Monzavi depending on his position and the difference of opinions governing the society with the outside world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Comparative Study on Manifestation of Love in Rumi & Ibn Farid's Poetries
Morteza Kazem Shiroudi Seyyed Ibrahim Dibaji Gholam Abbas RezaeiRumi and Ibn Farid – two great poets and mystics of seventh century – believe that the eternal life means perdition in love and the highest status of honor is the degree of survival after extinction; since love is one of the divine attributes and t MoreRumi and Ibn Farid – two great poets and mystics of seventh century – believe that the eternal life means perdition in love and the highest status of honor is the degree of survival after extinction; since love is one of the divine attributes and the commencement of human creation and is in all bits of the universe.This love actually implies "absolute existence" and whenever the veil is removed and the only essence is manifested in him, any description is his description and any shape and form will be loved by him. Because the way of the unity requires the unity of the heart and wherever unity prevails there will be no meaning for any other sense. Rumi has made love his as his method of behavior, as Ibn Farid has put it at the heart of his work, step by step by mystical authorities. Love is the light of life in which all desires lie. And releases wayfarer from all shackles and make them mortal in this path. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A study on Nostalgia and its Aspects in Mahmoud Darvish's Poetries
Ahmad Reza Yalameha Moslem RajabiThe term nostalgia – or homesickness – is one of the psychology expressions which entered the literature. Motherland is the subject that has been selected as the main theme by Mahmoud Darvish and made him famous. His poets are about homesickness, childhood s MoreThe term nostalgia – or homesickness – is one of the psychology expressions which entered the literature. Motherland is the subject that has been selected as the main theme by Mahmoud Darvish and made him famous. His poets are about homesickness, childhood sweet period, being far away from friends and relatives as well as social and economic disorders. The present paper attempts to study Darvish's poetries in descriptive – analytical method in order to introduce the concept of nostalgia and its references in his poetries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Describing the immoral and spiritual areas of the beloved in the lyric poems of Hakim Sanaei
Hosein Salimi Bashir AlaviThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasiona MoreThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasionally preoccupies himself. Introduction to Sanai's hymns which describe the beloved, although not uniform in number of verses and is often between 7 and 29 verses, but has a place in his hymns. In this article, while briefly introducing various aspects of the description of the beloved, such as; The field of immorality and spirituality or the reporter of the face and sensory and intellectual similes, etc, the image of the beloved Sanai with emphasis on the poet's intellectual evolution, should be examined and analyzed; Therefore, first, the most important and special approaches of Sanai in drawing the image of the beloved have been extracted and classified into eight groups. Then, by studying and finding the frequency of words and presenting diagrams, their importance, how they are used, their place and the way of intellectual development in Sanai's depiction of the beloved's image are analyzed in the lyric poems of his praise poems. The presence of characteristics of Khorasani style and traces of change that later become the beacon of poets in the field of dealing with the beloved, is one of the highlights of the lyric poems of Sanai praise that are addressed in this study. The research method is descriptive and analytical with statistical charts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The trace of “Vasukht” in Persian Poetry (From Khorasani style to shine in an Independent school)
Hadi khadivar Shima farajifarFirst, the authors try to give a precise definition of “Vasukht”, and its types and purposes. They want to determine when and why the poet wrote these poems.also The achievement of this study is that the authors have described the similarities and difference MoreFirst, the authors try to give a precise definition of “Vasukht”, and its types and purposes. They want to determine when and why the poet wrote these poems.also The achievement of this study is that the authors have described the similarities and differences in themes “Vasukht”, in Khorasani and Iraqi style with “Vasukht”, school.“Vasukht”, is a combined infinitive And it is without the letter "n"Means Hatred and back Lover of the Beloved.“Vasukht” somehow was along with the “sukht” flow from start to the present time, not as inclusive as “Sukht” but having different strength and weakness. It is used in the theme today with some modifications.In Khorāsāni School, “Vasukht” has a relative moderation and this behavior occurs the same in beloved and lover. In Arāqi style, although beloved performs “Naz” and lover shows his “Niaz”, there are pale streaks of “Vasukht” speech which is remarkable in its type. It must be said that this method of vasukht was used more during sukht poems, changed with the arrival of the, “vughu” school and “Vasukht”, And it became an independent manner.“Vasukht”, and “sukht” both came out of the hearts of “Vughu” And “Vughu” also Formed by the pattern of telling of Truth and Verisimilitude. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - harmony of dream and imagination in hafez poets
farhad divsalar -
Open Access Article
12 - An Applied Interpretation of Various Types of the Beloved One in Simin Behbahani’s Poetry Based on Erich Fromm’s Ideas (A Socio-Psychological Approach)
zahra ghanbaralibaghni Shahin Ojaq-AlizadehSimin Behbahani is the architect for Iranian contemporary lyrics, and her skillful artistry is creating labyrinth-like worlds for the lover and the beloved where none of which is opposite the other. According to Erich Fromm there would be no difference between diversity MoreSimin Behbahani is the architect for Iranian contemporary lyrics, and her skillful artistry is creating labyrinth-like worlds for the lover and the beloved where none of which is opposite the other. According to Erich Fromm there would be no difference between diversity forms of love; i.e. the essence of all loves is the same except for the subject of them, including a male-female love, a mother-child love, a man-God love, a brother-sister love or even a man-himself love. The present research is an attempt to interpret – through an analytical approach – different types of the beloved according to Fromm’s ideas and to find their examples in Behbahan’s poems. The findings of the research reveal a vast range of similarity between Behbahani and Fromm’s ideas about different beloveds – who are beautifully present in Behbahani’s poems Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Characteristics of Lover and Beloved in the Odes of Attār and Mowlānā : A Comparative Study
Faezeh Payriz Zanjani Mehdi Mahoozi Mandana HashemiLove is one of the main concepts and themes in Persian literature. Attār and Mowlānā (Rumi) who are both nobles of romantic mysticism, prefer suffering in love to ascetic life. In the present article using comparative method, the manifestations of the lover and the belo MoreLove is one of the main concepts and themes in Persian literature. Attār and Mowlānā (Rumi) who are both nobles of romantic mysticism, prefer suffering in love to ascetic life. In the present article using comparative method, the manifestations of the lover and the beloved is analyzed in the odes of two poets and their views is extracted and expressed from one hundred verses that contain common and different views of them. This article aims to study the manifestations of the lover and the beloved in the odes of Attār and Mowlānā in order to describe similarities and differences between these two poets. This study is done through descriptive-analytical method. Findings of the study reveal that although there are differences between Mowlānā and Attār views in the issue of love, Mowlānā is greatly influenced by Attār, but has numerous abnormalities. Attār in his description of love, focuses more on bodily and external aspects rather than the mystical and spiritual aspects of the lover and especially the beloved. So that the bodily descriptions are more frequent. In Mowlānā odes, the descriptions of the beloved are totally mystical and even in the verses in which the poet, if necessary, describes the appearance of the beloved, they are accompanied with the mystical odour, so that the reader feels that the appearance of the beloved in these descriptions is rather symbolic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Portrait of the Female Beloved in Moalaghate Haftganeh
Hamed Sedghi Yasin VeysiAs far as "Jaheli " poetry is concerned the main theme is woman the evidence for which is found in the scarcity of ode begun with anything except love, sonnet, description of female beauties and the poet to reach her mysteries. A "Jaheli" p MoreAs far as "Jaheli " poetry is concerned the main theme is woman the evidence for which is found in the scarcity of ode begun with anything except love, sonnet, description of female beauties and the poet to reach her mysteries. A "Jaheli" poet describes woman beauties primarily fascinated by her face , the beauty of her body quite expectedly ,but describing her moral spiritual aspects and an image of her affection as well as the love story between and woman just come after the description of women body . Moreover, Jaheli woman is superior to the ordinary people and enters poets' lives inspiring them with simultaneously encouraging them to create artistic works which results in masterpieces in describing woman and innovation in portraying her beauties. The Jaheli poet portrays an statute of Jaheli woman in whose forehead some signs are evident. His poetry starts from hair and comes to the feet. This is a simile suggesting the secret of life full of morals and spiritual attributes which themselves are ones that Jaheli man appreciates as a whole in the woman. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Allegorical images of Animus in Forough Farrokhzad's poems
Mohammad Reza Kamali BaniyaniOne of the influential poets in Persian literature is Forough Farrokhzad. Due to the dominance of his idealistic poetry in contrast to idealistic poetry, his poetry has shifted to a kind of democratic poetry. Careful analysis of his poems shows the metamorphosis and met MoreOne of the influential poets in Persian literature is Forough Farrokhzad. Due to the dominance of his idealistic poetry in contrast to idealistic poetry, his poetry has shifted to a kind of democratic poetry. Careful analysis of his poems shows the metamorphosis and metamorphosis of his poems from a kind of taste hermeneutics to a kind of philosophical hermeneutics. The purpose of this study is to show the allegorical forms in Forough Farrokhzad's poems. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and by examining the revelation of allegorical aspects of animus in Forough Farrokhzad's poems.Based on this research, it is determined what are the examples of animus that Forough Farrokhzad has used in his poems and what effect each of them has had on the expression of his thoughts.The authors of this research have found allegorical images of animus in Forough Farrokhzad's poems in coherent places and in different forms such as myths, religious ceremonies, dreams and personal imaginations, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the Joint Obstacles in Lyric Verses of Weiss and Ramin
Yasamin Aghayi Mofrad Masoud PakdelComplication is one of the important, attractive and exciting elements of the story. Joint obstacles are the most casual and the most interesting complications that the famous story tellers used beautifully. The poet of lyric verse Weiss and Ramin is also among them. Su MoreComplication is one of the important, attractive and exciting elements of the story. Joint obstacles are the most casual and the most interesting complications that the famous story tellers used beautifully. The poet of lyric verse Weiss and Ramin is also among them. Such obstacles would increase the attractiveness of the story and at the same time encourage the readers and listeners to follow the adventure enthusiastically. It is in a way that until s/he reaches the level of resolution. Often at the end of the story con not quench the thirst. In this verses has lovers with different names. One of them is Viro and since he exits the scene soon the obstacles in the way of Mobed shah and Ramin are more colorful. By reading the story and mentioning the poetic evidences such obstacles will be investigated. This study shows that Mobed-Shah has more obstacles than Ramin and the role of women in success or failure in love affairs is more remarkable and because of Weiss's support, the winner is finally Ramin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Study of Allegory in "the story of the lover who came at night in the hope of beloved's promise that had been mentioned”
E. Shirmohammadi A. M. Moazeni MoazeniMasnavi Ma'navi, as the great ocean of knowledge, is an excellent educational work in which allegory is a rhetorical ploy and its only purpose is not storytelling itself, but the transfer of deeper meanings and messages has foremost importance. The rhetorical ploy (alle MoreMasnavi Ma'navi, as the great ocean of knowledge, is an excellent educational work in which allegory is a rhetorical ploy and its only purpose is not storytelling itself, but the transfer of deeper meanings and messages has foremost importance. The rhetorical ploy (allegory) because of influence and persuasion features has a very high application. Masnavi Ma'navi is an obvious and typical sample of allegorical work that Moulavi due to the type of work has taken steps in making the path of desired mental complex concepts more clearly and sometimes taken advantages of bringing anecdotes in the heart of each other to transfer these concepts easier.In the following study, we are about to analyze and consider different layers of allegory, one of the anecdotes of the sixth book entitled "the story of the lover who came at night in the hope of beloved's promise that had mentioned". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Aesthetic Principles of the Beloved’s Face in Homam Tabrizi’s Sohbatnameh
Fazel Abbaszadeh Jalil TajlilImagery and image creation is one of the techniques to avoid the clichéd and ordinary language and enter the realm of ambiguous literary language. Homam as a great Persian poet, utilizing artistic imagination and colorful imagery, has managed to express several r MoreImagery and image creation is one of the techniques to avoid the clichéd and ordinary language and enter the realm of ambiguous literary language. Homam as a great Persian poet, utilizing artistic imagination and colorful imagery, has managed to express several referents in a single sign and create a novel poetic sphere. Profound studies of such examples of imagery familiarize us with some artistic values and rhetorical beauties. In this study, using “expressive” means, we have measured the quality and quantity of Homam Tabrizi’s image creation in Masnavi-e-Sohbatnameh, pictured by the beloved’s face, and analyzed his imagery devices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Beauty of Friend's Face in Saadi's view* (A View of Saadi Aestheticism Thoughts)
Ali Dehghan Fatemeh AlimohammadiBelieve in Divine manifestation in human appearance or studying meaning beauty in mien mirror of beautiful youth has been the method of Aestheticism by some sufia's. In their belief, looking at one beautiful knower is permissible provided that it won't be of passion, bu MoreBelieve in Divine manifestation in human appearance or studying meaning beauty in mien mirror of beautiful youth has been the method of Aestheticism by some sufia's. In their belief, looking at one beautiful knower is permissible provided that it won't be of passion, but by the objective of credit and observer pays attention to the absent one by looking the beautiful one and see ureator's face and beauty in creature. Sa'adi like other Gnostic men attributed to this school, know worshiping visual beauty and virtual love as the way to perfect beauty. Studying Saadi's works and researchers' suggestion indicate that several factors and fields have made Saadi be fond of beautiful people he knows beautiful people and even the whole existence, evidence of Devine beauty. Therefore, to beautiful he knows conditions in human element and believes that each short – sighted person should not look at the beautiful people's face, but this love should be far from sexual enmities. These research examiners Saadi's works and shows the quality, conditions and factors of Saadi's beauty worshiping description in the mirror of his poems evidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Study of Amir Hassan Sajzi Dehlavi’s “Eshqnameh”
Parvin Dokht Mashhoor“Eshqnameh” is Amir Hassan’s longest and the most beautiful mathnavi. It deals with a young ardent boy’s life that falls in love with a very beautiful girl. Although this passionate love is first inspired by physical attractions, it b More“Eshqnameh” is Amir Hassan’s longest and the most beautiful mathnavi. It deals with a young ardent boy’s life that falls in love with a very beautiful girl. Although this passionate love is first inspired by physical attractions, it becomes, like all other cases of pure love, everlasting, and enjoys a pleasant ending, through the lover’s and beloved’s failure in unity. This study is an attempt to highlight the fallings and risings of the plot, the process of the lover’s and the beloved’s emotional experiences, the poet’s viewpoint, thoughts, and diction, and the characteristics of his poetry in this 600-line versified story Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - An Overview Of Secondary Mystical Concepts on the Beloved Face in Hemam Tabrizi Divan
Fazel Abbasszadeh Jalil TajlilAbstract: Though Hemam Tabrizi is known to be the follower of Sa’di and even his own student, and the beloved introduced Motehalli in his words castle a sample of earthly beloved, through reflection over his poetry, there is a bas relief of the arrays of his mystical MoreAbstract: Though Hemam Tabrizi is known to be the follower of Sa’di and even his own student, and the beloved introduced Motehalli in his words castle a sample of earthly beloved, through reflection over his poetry, there is a bas relief of the arrays of his mystical teachings that are mostly written in an encrypted and condensed and metaphoric language found in the delicately texture and underground layers of his words. That is why it is endeavored to study the secondary mystical concepts that the poet has drawn up via the elements of the beloved face out of imagination and later the extensive mystical meanings is commented out of a few verses in his divan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Ibn Farez and Lovely Epistomology
Mohammad GoodarziThe great Islamic mystics' works reveal this fact that two elements of affection and understanding play an important role in the formation and boundaries of such valuable works. Although few mystics lack these two significant elements, a group of Islamic mystics are mor MoreThe great Islamic mystics' works reveal this fact that two elements of affection and understanding play an important role in the formation and boundaries of such valuable works. Although few mystics lack these two significant elements, a group of Islamic mystics are more epistemology centric whose works include further manifestation of understanding while another group are more affection oriented and utilize affection in their works more. Ibn Farez is one of the great scholars of affection centric mystics during seven century A.H. in whose works he has utilized his lovely affection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Role of Beloved's Appearance Features in Explaining Hafiz's Mystical Purposes
Masoud Pakdel Nahid BahramiHafiz is adorer nightingale who singes in our rose garden Bing, is centuries that is in our hearts and houses and it is eliminates distress and make us happiness. Love and loved in the doses of Hafiz and his poems, because everybody think about them, because of its comp MoreHafiz is adorer nightingale who singes in our rose garden Bing, is centuries that is in our hearts and houses and it is eliminates distress and make us happiness. Love and loved in the doses of Hafiz and his poems, because everybody think about them, because of its complexity. And that Hafiz seeks which loved? And what is his aim from this loved? And everybody has become his friend from oneself suspicion and along with him go to wavy sea, till where he peer? All Hafiz seeker/ researchers and commentators from past till know. Numerous attempts have done for explaining of Hafiz caplets and any one has watched him with oneself heart and have given him a name but they don’t agree that Hafiz loved has a land appearance or a he evenly conscience. It seems that Hafiz loved is beyond from soiled and terrestrial boundaries and its signs that tell us about loved, is a light that give from real loved in flamed face to lovers till to understand oneself sweet heart easier. In this article, some loved appearance specificities is investigated in explaining of mystical high purposes of Hafiz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Craziness and Crazy likeness in Mystical Literature
حسین آریانLove, affection, and beauty have been some of the everlasting concerns of mankind who have been engaged with it globally and mentally. These essential matters have special reflection in mysticism insofar as they have been proposed as one of the mystical debates in its v MoreLove, affection, and beauty have been some of the everlasting concerns of mankind who have been engaged with it globally and mentally. These essential matters have special reflection in mysticism insofar as they have been proposed as one of the mystical debates in its various branches. Loving the beloved, drowing in the infinite beauty of the eternal image of God, and having a sip of His affectionate wine make lover a sensation that take him her away from consciousness and reasoning to the bowndless desert of craziness and bewilderement, and as Sufis claim, drive anyone from sobriety to intoxication, and in his inebriation and craziness, he will alienate himself by having a pure wine of unity, behaving in a queer and strange way different from human reasoning and wordly intelligence quite close to insane people, thus it causes a sort of behavior that will be explored later in the paper. These insane and divinely intoxicated people in their impersonal intoxication achieve one of the most beautiful and uncontaminated spiritual and internal relation with their eternally mere beloved, getting so much ripened that nothing remains from their egos except Him and nothing else. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Analysis of the Role of Love in Islamic Mysticism from Sanai's Perspective
Fariba Shaker Sousan Alerasoul Zarrinta j ParhizkarIn this article, by extracting and analyzing Sanai's poems from his work collections, his perspective on love - the significant element in Islamic Mysticism - is determinedThat is the love which flows through the whole world and is the cornerstone of creation and its hi MoreIn this article, by extracting and analyzing Sanai's poems from his work collections, his perspective on love - the significant element in Islamic Mysticism - is determinedThat is the love which flows through the whole world and is the cornerstone of creation and its hidden essence; the love which the beloved himself has planted its seed in the lover's heart and by cunning and numerous tricks attracts the lover to himself; the love which leads the lover to the place where he does not see himself and it is only the beloved who emanates him because the soul of the lover is the same as the manifestation of the beloved Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Comparative Analysis of Sufi Sheikhs Viewpoints on the Description of Beloved's Beauty
Mahboobeh Moslemi Zadeh Mehdi MomtahenWhen mysticism entered the Persian poetry and romantic themes were combined with mystical ones, they were applied as symbols to express mystical meanings, so that it caused disagreements between some Sheikhs and persuaded them to write the books and treaties, to give so MoreWhen mysticism entered the Persian poetry and romantic themes were combined with mystical ones, they were applied as symbols to express mystical meanings, so that it caused disagreements between some Sheikhs and persuaded them to write the books and treaties, to give some definitions and justifications of those terms according to their schools. This article intends to analyze the ideas of some Sufi Sheikhs such as Hojviri, Ahmad Ghazali, and 'Einul Qozat Hamadani about the terms and themes of describing the beloved, and it is limited to such terms as Zolf (hair), Chashm (eye), Khadd (cheek), Khal (mole) and Abru (eyebrow). Hojviei's idea about these terms is based on juridical and religious views especially while discussing on Sama'; Ahmad Qazali describes the states of the lover and the beloved in a coherent way to express a certain system and Einul Qozat Hamedani explains these terms in different situations and concepts, by citing some verses from the viewpoint of mysticism and introducing the Shahed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - لطیفة عشق و عرفان در سوانحالعشاق احمد غزالی
Karim Shaker Hossein Eemaiili -
Open Access Article
28 - بازتاب جلوههای عشق عرفانی در زبان حافظ
Homa Yamini Touraj Aghdaeie -
Open Access Article
29 - Reflection of lyrical subjectivity in the norm and the sonnet of Houshang Ebtehaj
Abbas BaghinejadHooshang Ebtehaj (H.E .Saye), a contemporary poet and modern poet, has brought a new and special manifestation of Ghanaian poetry. In both Nimayi poetry and Ghazal, he is indebted to the lyrical attitudes and language of his predecessors, and has been influenced in vari MoreHooshang Ebtehaj (H.E .Saye), a contemporary poet and modern poet, has brought a new and special manifestation of Ghanaian poetry. In both Nimayi poetry and Ghazal, he is indebted to the lyrical attitudes and language of his predecessors, and has been influenced in various ways by the rich mentality prevalent in Persian poetry, as well as by renowned Ghazal poetry. Anyway, Ebtehaj's approach has monopolistic features that distinguish it from other traditionalist sonnets. In this essay, several aspects of the poetry of Ghazal are studied and the quality and aspects of this poet's influence on the tradition of Persian poetry, as well as how he deals with some of the foundations and components of lyric poetry, are analyzed and Explain. In this regard, Ebtajaj's dual approach, which is sometimes traditional and sometimes unusual and exclusive, deals with such topics as rich mentality, romantic attitude, love tradition, beloved beauty, beloved lust and fascination with love. Has been studied and the role of these categories in the development of lyrical and thematic-creativity and the aesthetic richness of ebtehaj's poems, both solely in love with his sonnets and with symbols of social and philosophical prestige, has been described. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - A study of the beloved metaphorical systems in the generalities of Shams Tabrizi based on metaphorical theory
Mehdi Rahnama Ahmad Reza Kikhai Farzaneh behroz romianiBecause love has an abstract meaning; Mystics have used sensory and tangible elements to explain and describe it, and have used metaphorical language for it. However, the subject of love has been the focus of poets and writers in all eras and times; But in the Iraqi sty MoreBecause love has an abstract meaning; Mystics have used sensory and tangible elements to explain and describe it, and have used metaphorical language for it. However, the subject of love has been the focus of poets and writers in all eras and times; But in the Iraqi style in terms of the importance and credibility of the works written and written about love; It has more prominence. One of the famous and famous madmen of the seventh century is the generalities of Shams Tabrizi by Maulana Jalaluddin Mohammad Balkhi. This work is linguistically more poetic and metaphorical and is mystical in meaning. Rumi in the generalities of the sun, according to the culture and ideologies that ruled the society of that time, has a special perception of love. This court also has a coherent foundation that is the result of metaphorical networks formed on the basis of one or more main common or individual metaphors in them. This research, which is a descriptive-analytical method and library tools, seeks to investigate the metaphorical systems of love in the generalities of Shams Tabrizi based on metaphorical theory. The results of the research indicate that the metaphors of the beloved in this work actually show the similarity between the beloved and God and the three metaphorical depictions of God's love, God is the beloved, God is love, is. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - شیوه پایان بخشی منظومه غنایی «سوز و گداز » نوعی خبوشانی
زینب تقی نژاد رضا اشرف زاده بتول فخر اسلام -
Open Access Article
32 - Investigating the themes and mythological events related to the beloved in the lyric poetry of Weiss and Ramin
Paiman niknami Pouran Yousefipour Kermani Fatemeh Ghafouri Mehdiabad Myths are narrative patterns that spread in different ways according to the conditions of the society in different eras; Therefore, in addition to epic and religious texts, its works can also be seen in Ghanaian poems. The poem Weiss and Ramin by Fakhreddin Asad G More Myths are narrative patterns that spread in different ways according to the conditions of the society in different eras; Therefore, in addition to epic and religious texts, its works can also be seen in Ghanaian poems. The poem Weiss and Ramin by Fakhreddin Asad Gorgani is full of mythological elements. In this research, the author tries to investigate the themes and mythological incidents related to the beloved in the descriptive-analytical way and the library tool, considering the features of adaptability, repetition and adding meaning in the process of the story, and to answer the question which of the themes Mythological characters have been able to appear in Weiss and Ramin, related to the beloved? And how have these themes been transformed according to the content and special structure of Weiss and Ramin's system? The results of the research indicate that in the narration and plot of the story of Weiss and Ramin or the pattern of events, there are mythological events and incidents such as ascension, descent, magic, virginity, the test of honor and marriage, and concepts that are connected with mythological beliefs and rituals and in the formation Events have played an effective role; Is mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - comparative analysis between the figure of the beloved in the Saadi and Petrarch's lyrics
ashraf sadat ashrafi Dr.Mohammadreza Asad Dr.Fatemeh Asgari Dr.Mohsen Izadyar The first purpose of this original research is to present and the to know better the love poetry and the essential elements of poetics of Francesco Petrarca, the famous Italian love lyrics father who set up Humanism in Europe, with a particular textual emph More The first purpose of this original research is to present and the to know better the love poetry and the essential elements of poetics of Francesco Petrarca, the famous Italian love lyrics father who set up Humanism in Europe, with a particular textual emphasis on the different points of convergence between his love lyrics and those of his contemporary, a great Persian poet, Saadi. In this paper, using some available sources and making a series of textual and lexical analyzes on two corpus available in comparison, we look for the thematic and stylistic similarities between two poetry collections that are the main subject of this study. Another aim of this research is to find the different points of divergence that recurs normally in two eastern and western poets’ works from the general point of view of the figure of the beloved one who is the principal subject of the poems in question. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - بررسی همسانی ِزن ِپارسا در الهینامۀ عطار و شخصیت شیرین در منظومۀ غنایی خسرو و شیرین ِنظامی
آسیه ذبیح نیا عمران -
Open Access Article
35 - Exalted Beloved in Green Dome of Haft Peykar
Peiman Niknami Pooran YosefipoorLove is the most distinguished and the most infrequent concept with a huge reflection in art and literature. Love toward man, woman, mother, child, nature, religion and thoughts, motherland, liberty and … is tangible in each part of Persian literature. The love w MoreLove is the most distinguished and the most infrequent concept with a huge reflection in art and literature. Love toward man, woman, mother, child, nature, religion and thoughts, motherland, liberty and … is tangible in each part of Persian literature. The love which embraces all is the love to the only God. It gives human the power to know himself and it helps him evolve as much as possible. Mystical literature is about the love to the only God. Emotional literature is one of the areas in which adoring another person can be a way to evolve and achieve integrity. Haft peykar by Nezami Ganjavi is one of the pieces of emotional art which is a story of an earthly love at the surface but upon a deeper consideration of such stories in ancient analysis of the model and psychology, one can find out that the earthly love can get the hero of the story to the point of excellence and perfection. In this research, the story of the Green dome was studied with an emphasis on the exalted beloved and an introduction of Haft peykar and its theme. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - تحلیل ابعاد تاریخی مضمون عشق در اشعار احمد شاملو
رحیم کوشش زهرا نوری -
Open Access Article
37 - معشوق مهتر و کهتر در غزلیات و رباعیات سعدی
شبنم حاتم پور -
Open Access Article
38 - شیوهی بینابین در غزل: نگاهی به غزلهای عاشقانهی خاقانی
نصراله امامی قدرت اله ضرونی -
Open Access Article
39 - نگاهی زیباییشناسانه به شعر سیدیعقوب ماهیدشتی کرمانشاهی از منظر بازتاب عشق به محبوب
مسعود باوان پوری سکینه آزادی الهام ابراهیمی وحید سجادی فر -
Open Access Article
40 - کاربست رویکرد روانشناختی گوردون آلپورت بر سیر تطوّر و تحوّل «معشوق» در ادبیات کلاسیک فارسی
رضوان وطن خواه سید عباس شفتی -
Open Access Article
41 - Comparison of Pictorial Descriptions of Nezami's Khosrow and Shirin with the Beloved in Saadi's Ghazals
Rozita Jafary naghmeh moazeniStudies on the structure of romantic narratives in Persian literature show that a narrative grammar consisting of three elements of love, Beloved and lover, can be traced within the structure of this literary genre. Accordingly, one of the elements of expressing love in MoreStudies on the structure of romantic narratives in Persian literature show that a narrative grammar consisting of three elements of love, Beloved and lover, can be traced within the structure of this literary genre. Accordingly, one of the elements of expressing love in lyrical texts is "resorting to descriptions and images". But contemplation in lyrical texts of Persian literature suggests that such illustrations and descriptions are different, depending on the work being narrative or non-narrative as well as the views and attitudes of the poet. So the comparison of the descriptions in Saadi's ghazals with Nezami's Khosrow and Shirin (narrative text) clearly illustrates the fact., the study is to compare the descriptions in Saadi's ghazals with Nezami's Khosrow and Shirin. According to the results, the investigation of pictorial descriptions in Khosrow and Shirin and the descriptions of the beloved in Saadi's ghazals represent a dramatic transformation in Persian love poetry, which is more than anything else the result of changes in the attitudes and stylistic views of the two poets as well as the type of narration of the two literary works. Saadi mostly adheres to describing the apparent details and inner states of the beloved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Description and Image of beloved’s Face in “The Youth” by Bizhan Elahi
Hadi Tayteh Mahsa ImaniberenjabadBizhan Elahi is one of the poets of ‘other poems’ who has paid attention to the aesthetic layer and the rhetorical elements in the collection of ‘Youths’ despite the lyrical language and attention to the element of emotion. In Youths, this entang MoreBizhan Elahi is one of the poets of ‘other poems’ who has paid attention to the aesthetic layer and the rhetorical elements in the collection of ‘Youths’ despite the lyrical language and attention to the element of emotion. In Youths, this entanglement of the two elements of emotion and rhetoric has also spread to the description of the beloved's face and his features and states. The face of the beloved in Bizhan Elahi's Youth is sensual and the kind of love is bodily in his poems. Elahi uses lyrical language in a type of white poetry that is closest to the nature of prose. In this research, the beloved face is described and analyzed, including the eyes, the skin of the beloved’s face, forehead and eyelids, the body and heart of the beloved, and the characteristics, actions and reactions, moods and behaviors of the beloved, including endearment, the mutual love of the lover and the beloved, and how these states get expressed in lyrical and literary language are examined and analyzed. As well, the similarity of the beloved to other phenomena and rhetorical images related to the face, body and characteristics of the beloved are analyzed and described. The aesthetic aspect of the beloved's face, the type of behavior, actions and reactions and the characteristics of the beloved become more and more obvious. In this research, in a descriptive-analytical method, while expressing the poet's descriptions of the beloved, we express the aesthetic layers and rhetorical elements resulting from these descriptions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Survey of Beloved's Names and Position in Shah Ne'matollah Vali's Sonnets
Hossein Karimi Sabet Barat MohammadiBeloved's position in sonnet and Persian literature has faced several changes since long ago till now, thus there has been a special approach in various eras of Persian literature also in each poet's poetry based on his/her worldview to beloved and her/his position. Thi MoreBeloved's position in sonnet and Persian literature has faced several changes since long ago till now, thus there has been a special approach in various eras of Persian literature also in each poet's poetry based on his/her worldview to beloved and her/his position. This approach has been determinative of poet's worldview. Shah Ne'matollah Vali, 9th century poet, like many other Persian poets have had mystical approach to poem, sonnet and specifically beloved and this writing had been a source of research for finding beloved's position and properties. Furthermore, details and applications of names and characteristics of beloved has been mentioned in this article and hereby it can be known as an approach for understanding mystical manifestations of Shah Ne'matollah Vali's poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Ups and Downs of ‘the Beloved’ from Saadi Shirazi’s Ghazal to Vahshi Bafqi’s Vasukht
Masoumeh Mohamadnejad Fayezeh Joneidy Farahnaz Nemati HolasouLove is one of the most fundamental subjects in Persian poetry and its platonic and romantic types in poems of different poets have created excellent themes and beautiful interpretations. Love in lyric works where the author manifests his inner feelings and emotions is MoreLove is one of the most fundamental subjects in Persian poetry and its platonic and romantic types in poems of different poets have created excellent themes and beautiful interpretations. Love in lyric works where the author manifests his inner feelings and emotions is the principal matter and ‘the beloved’ takes the leading and decisive role and in fact is deemed as the central role in lyric literature. Saadi Shirazi is a love poet, too who composes his poems about love and life, with the beloved being the most significant theme in his ghazals (a poem with a fixed number of verses having a repeated rhyme which is typically about the theme of love.) Vahshi Bafqi is also a love poet. However, these two poets view ‘the beloved’ differently and the aim of this paper is to shed light on manifestation of love and the beloved in ghazals of Saadi Shirazi and poems of Vahshi Bafqi. This paper studied love and reflection thereof in literature, nature of love, different types of love, and characteristics of the beloved in ghazals and ghazal composing. At the next step, the beloved and its characteristics in Saadi Shirazi’s ghazals and in Occurrence school (a school in Persian poetry emerged in the first quarter of the tenth century) and poems of Vahshi Bafqi were explored. The beloved in Saadi’s ghazals has a transcendent position which occasionally approximates God, as depicted in Persian poetry; however, it is mostly a romantic beloved. In Saadi’s ghazals, the lover is always utterly submitted to the beloved and evidence courtesy; whereas, in most of Vahshi’s ghazals, contrary to the established poetic custom of ghazal, the lover averts his eyes from the beloved and no longer yearns for the beloved’ coquetry and goes after another beloved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - معشوق شعری در ادبیات معاصر با تأکید بر شعر شمس لنگرودی
عطامحمد رادمنش مریم ایزدی -
Open Access Article
46 - بررسی زبان نگاه در شعر فارسی
احمد گلی راضیه زاهدی -
Open Access Article
47 - مادر یا معشوق اُدیپی درسنت های ادبی غزل فارسی
جبار نصیری مریم قائدی خواه -
Open Access Article
48 - بررسی تطبیقی جلوة معشوق در غزلیات خاقانی و سعدی
مهرعلی یزدان پناه روجا عدنانی -
Open Access Article
49 - The face of the beloved in "Falee Chelsoro (forty songs)" of Laki
Sudabe Farhadi Peyman KarimiChelsoro means forty songs or forty single verses in Laki language taken in the form of foretelling, and it used to realize the end of the intention that the person receiving the divination has in his heart. This pleasant tradition is one of the literary manifestations MoreChelsoro means forty songs or forty single verses in Laki language taken in the form of foretelling, and it used to realize the end of the intention that the person receiving the divination has in his heart. This pleasant tradition is one of the literary manifestations of Lorestan, Ilam and Kermanshah regions. It has a long history among the people of these areas. The beloved has a special place in the verses of this type. Therefore, in the present article, the image of the beloved in the verses of this viewpoint has been studied in order to understand this literary tradition in the Iranian culture and literature community well. Additionally, the image of the beloved in the verses of Chelsoro is explained. The obtained results of the present research, in descriptive-analytical method, have shown that distinctive physical characteristics, metaphors, and similes with different similarities and elements separate the lover of forty verses from the well-known lover songs of Persian literature, which is undoubtedly affected by the environment and geographical conditions of the western regions of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - .
مریم اسمعلی پور -
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51 - .
سعید گلناری neda morad محمدهادی فلاحتی -
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52 - .
neda morad -
Open Access Article
53 - معقولی و معشوقی در باب عقل و عشق نزد مولانا
حسن جعفری تبار -
Open Access Article
54 - The Concept of Nazarbāzi in the Poetry of Khwaju Kermani and Shah Nimatullah Wali
Mohammad Sanjarinezhād Abolqāsem Rādfar Hamid TabasiNazarbāzi is one of the most frequent themes in Persian romantic and mystical literature, which is reflected in the works of many great Persian writers. According to some mystics, nazarbāzi refers to a kind of mystical experience in which the mystic reaches a state wher MoreNazarbāzi is one of the most frequent themes in Persian romantic and mystical literature, which is reflected in the works of many great Persian writers. According to some mystics, nazarbāzi refers to a kind of mystical experience in which the mystic reaches a state where he looks at everything, sees God and His manifestations and loves them. Among these mystics are Khwaju Kermani and Shah Nimatullah Wali that in their poems, nazarbāzi can be divided into spiritual and worldly. The purpose of this study is to compare and explain the similarities and differences between the concept of nazarbāziin the poems of these two mystics. The research is done by using descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that Shah Nematullah Wali, by watching beautiful faces, looks at the image of God's beauty and his opinion does not refer to physical beauty. But according to Khwaju Kermani, the reason for man to enjoy the blessing of sight is to look at his beloved, and for this reason, most of his poems, related to nazarbāzi, are addressed to the earthly beloved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Manifestations of Animus Archetype in Persian Literature
Shokrollāh Pourolkhās Jafar EshqīFrom the biological point of view, all human beings possess both male and female traits. Yet, it is the social norms that define gender differences, emphasizing femininity and masculinity. As a result, every individual strengthens the characteristics of their normal gen MoreFrom the biological point of view, all human beings possess both male and female traits. Yet, it is the social norms that define gender differences, emphasizing femininity and masculinity. As a result, every individual strengthens the characteristics of their normal gender whereas the aspects of the other gender lose prominence and fade away. However, anima, i.e. the feminine inner personality, and animus, i.e. the masculine inner personality, tend to appear in dreams, imaginations, myths, literature and the like. In the present article, two manifestations of animus, i.e. ‘the beloved man (the ideal man)’ and ‘the inner companion’ in Persian literature and culture are studied. Using an analytic and descriptive method, it will be shown that one of the manifestations of animus in the unconscious of Iranian woman is rooted in a prototype; it most probably is Mithra. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - سیمای آیدا در شعر شاملو
محمد علی گذشتی بهروز رومیانی -
Open Access Article
57 - Countenance of Lover and Beloved in the Diwan ( book of poetry ) of Naziri Nishaboori
Mohammad Amin Ehsani Estahbanati Ali Asghar Yari EstahbanatiAbstract Description of love and explanation of the spiritual conditions of lover and beloved in the literature has special and widespread manifestation. The high frequency of topics on love and literature and culture of nations proves this matter. In the Persian liter MoreAbstract Description of love and explanation of the spiritual conditions of lover and beloved in the literature has special and widespread manifestation. The high frequency of topics on love and literature and culture of nations proves this matter. In the Persian literature, expounding of love, whether in numerous abstract love or in mystical heritage, divine love of man to love God or God's love to human being are of the most exquisite and luminous gems of man's thought. At this time, the Indian style, especially Naziri Nishaboori's poetry because of taking advantage of this style, has notable stance. Naziri's lyrics express his internal conditions of mind and are so exquisite that they appeal any listener even if he/she is tasteless. In this research the love and love circumstances are scanned in brevity. This paper has been written in descriptive – analytic method and the findings show that Naziri Nishaboori had special attention to the matter of love and utilized from Araghy style as a previous tradition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - بررسی سیمای معشوق در دیوان عبدالرّحمن جامی
رقیه عبدالعلیزاده حمیدرضا فرضی مهین مسرت -
Open Access Article
59 - گفتمان تغزّلی در شعر نادر نادرپور
فروغ جلیلی عباس باقی نژاد -
Open Access Article
60 - The Evolution of Beloved Identity in Persian Poetry (from Khorasani to Indian Style )
Hajar Askarian Chayjan Mohammad Reza Shad Manamen Jahandoost Sabzali pour Seyyed Saeed Ahadzadeh Hossein ArianLove is a divine endowment which has been set in man's entity and is one of the most important themes in the literature of every territory. Lover and beloved are the two columns in love affair. The manifestations of lover and the beloved and the meaning of love in diffe MoreLove is a divine endowment which has been set in man's entity and is one of the most important themes in the literature of every territory. Lover and beloved are the two columns in love affair. The manifestations of lover and the beloved and the meaning of love in different periods of time have been changed by political, cultural and social conditions. Beloved is divided into two types of abstract (mundane) and concrete (divine and spiritual). In this research we have studied the evolutions and developments of beloved by descriptive – analytic method to identify the process of transformation meaning of beloved in the long periods of Persian poetry ( from Khorasani to Indian styles). From five periods of Persian poetry, we have selected 22 distinguished poets to study the different specifications and manifestations of the beloved in it. Our findings show that the beloved in the Khorasani style is mundane and in Azarbaijani period it becomes concrete and in the Araghi style, because of inclusion of mysticism in poetry, become thoroughly real one. In the Indian style it has completely changed to a combination of abstract and concrete. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Father and Son Who is their beloved?
Mohammad Ali EslamiNodushanThe present article deals with the sayings of Baha al-din Valad written in his famous journal, entitled Maaref which has been published in 13333 by the efforts of Professor Fourouzanfar. It is an attempt to make a comparison between the characteristics of thebelov MoreThe present article deals with the sayings of Baha al-din Valad written in his famous journal, entitled Maaref which has been published in 13333 by the efforts of Professor Fourouzanfar. It is an attempt to make a comparison between the characteristics of thebeloved in the words of BahaValad with what Moulana has drawn of his beloved and master Shams Tabrizi in his Ghazaliat. Through this comparison and assessment, the writer seeks similarities in line of thought of the father and the son and also reveals point of departure in their thoughts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Mowlana’s cry, Masnavi’s gem
Ali SanayeiThis article aims at discussing the main concepts in Masnavi. An analysis of the content is also offered from the point of view of Molla Sadra’s three principle and Mowlana’s Gnosticism.This article aims at discussing the main concepts in Masnavi. An analysis of the content is also offered from the point of view of Molla Sadra’s three principle and Mowlana’s Gnosticism. Manuscript profile
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