جابجایی

Open Access Article

1 - Copy-move forgery detection techniques based on traditional methods in digital images
maryam attaie Azar Mahmoodzadeh

Image forgery is one of the most widely used fields in image processing, which has been widely studied and studied by researchers. There are different types of digital image forgery, copy-move forgery is one of the common examples, and it is very important to recognize More

Image forgery is one of the most widely used fields in image processing, which has been widely studied and studied by researchers. There are different types of digital image forgery, copy-move forgery is one of the common examples, and it is very important to recognize this type of forgery. In this review article, while introducing the concepts of copy-move image forgery, the steps, classification of detection methods and research bias in this field have been discussed. This article can open the way for image processing researchers in the process of detecting copy- move forgery. The authors' effort has been to explore all aspects of this process. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Conjugate type vectors and commuting probability in a finite group
Kayvan Moradipour

Abstract: In this paper, we first introduce some classes of fine non-abelian metacyclic 2-groups of nilpotency class two and nilpotency class at least three, which have been classified by Beuerle. Then, we define all representations of these groups as a finite non abeli More

Abstract: In this paper, we first introduce some classes of fine non-abelian metacyclic 2-groups of nilpotency class two and nilpotency class at least three, which have been classified by Beuerle. Then, we define all representations of these groups as a finite non abelian two generators 2-group, namely Ɠ, so that this group covers all possible cases of the Beuerle’s classifications. Next, we compute the centralizers and the order of the centralizers of elements in the group Ɠ. Moreover, the conjugate type vector of the group, is obtained. Finally, as a direct application of the results, explicit formulas for the th commutativity degree of such groups are given. As a conclusion, it is found at the sizes of all the finite non-abelian metacyclic 2- groups of each type in Ɠ are the same. Also, we observe that the th commutativity degree of Ɠ has the same formula for all the group presentations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The commutativity degree of semigroup of order p^α q^β
Mehrdad Azadi mandana ghaneei

T&lrm;he commutativity&lrm; degree of a finite non-commutative semigroup S is defined to be the probability&lrm; of choosing a pair (x,y) of the elements of S such that x commutes with y&lrm;. Obviously if S is a abelian semigroup, then commutativity degree of S is 1. I More

T&lrm;he commutativity&lrm; degree of a finite non-commutative semigroup S is defined to be the probability&lrm; of choosing a pair (x,y) of the elements of S such that x commutes with y&lrm;. Obviously if S is a abelian semigroup, then commutativity degree of S is 1. In this study, we consider semigroups are non-commutative and finite. &lrm;For a given positive integer n=p^α q^β where p and q are primes (2≤p Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Geopolitical Displacement of Capitalism: NATO, the Agent of Armed Capitalism
Mahdi Khalafkhani Mahdi Abedi

The collapse of former Soviet Union has resulted to erroneous interpretation that NATO has cometo an end. Thus, several political scholars such as Henry Kissinger, Ronald steel Hogh de Santisand Structuralist Kenneth Waltz talked about “The end of NATO”. For More

The collapse of former Soviet Union has resulted to erroneous interpretation that NATO has cometo an end. Thus, several political scholars such as Henry Kissinger, Ronald steel Hogh de Santisand Structuralist Kenneth Waltz talked about “The end of NATO”. For some causes such as theDevelopment of religious fundamentalism, International terrorism, the necessities of new democraticworld order and the security of Global economic order has turned the discussions on theresurgence and the Development of NATO Among several factors affected the development ofNATO in central Asia and caucuses, this article seeks to explain and analyze one of the main causesfor the development and geographical displacement of NATO, i.e. economic factors. As far as theconcern outhor concerns, the establishment of former Soviet Union has been the most eminentanti-mega trend against the Development and globalization of Capitalism. As a consequence, theGlobalization of Capitalism was postponed from 1917 to 1990. After the collapse of Soviet Unionand Chinese Economical over viewing, Capitalism Found a suitable opportunity to change into aworld Economic Hegemony and to reconstruct the new order. For multiple causes that have generallybeen commented by Immanuel Wallerstein, the theoretician of world order, Capitalism hasalready undertaken for geographical displacement and annexation of the new regions into its territory.The two instances on which, as Wallenstein believes, the survival of Capitalism is dependent.He maintains that the improvement of transportations, communications, and Armament steadilydecrease the costs of the annexations of new regions into central areas. moreover, heclaims that continuum expansions are deliberate process which benefit various military,political, and economical pressures and have overcome the political resistances in the territorywhich the mentioned Geographical expansion made. Writer believes that the NATO expansion is the prerequisite of Capitalism Development. Capitalism and its optimal functioningis vigorously related to the security. In some cases Central Asia is deemed as an originalregion for the world of economy.These origins confront multiple ethnic and religiouschallenges due to their ethnic and demographic structures. Last but not least, these originsare contiguous to the climacteric middle East, so they are likely to be affected by such criticalareas.Thus, NATO expansion is considered as necessary security coverage to createstability for foreign investment in order to benefit the current potentials and to decrease thecosts. This article says (Hypothecs) that the Development of NATO in Central Asia andCaucuses, decreases the annexation costs of new regions to World Economy in order toglobalizing the Capitalism, while reinforcing the security of stability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The role of documenting managers and experts’ experiences in knowledge development
Ramezan Ali Royaee Seyed Amir Hussein Madani

In this investigation which is done in a field method in the artistic andcultural organization of the City Hall of Tehran City, the author firstdescribes the concept of knowledge management, and indicates itsimportance in organizations, and presenting some definitions o More

In this investigation which is done in a field method in the artistic andcultural organization of the City Hall of Tehran City, the author firstdescribes the concept of knowledge management, and indicates itsimportance in organizations, and presenting some definitions of“knowledge chain”, “value chain” and “added value”, the author pints outthe importance of organizational move, and reminds the necessity ofdocumenting managers’ experiences in increasing the managementknowledge.As the results from this research indicate, the quality model has the mosteffect on the organizational knowledge development, while designing theaxis reasoning system has the least effect on it.Key words: artistic and cultural organization, City Hall of Tehran,knowledge management, knowledge chain, value chain, added value,organizational move, organizational knowledge, the axis reasoning system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Study on Outcomes of spatial relocation of the earthquake Stricken in Roodbar county”
Shahab Nobakht Haghighi Hossein Asayesh Alireza Estelaji

This study have been designed to address the socio-economic, ecologic andstructural outcomes of spatial relocation of some villages in roodbar county ,after theearthquake of year 1990, and also the positive and negative effects of relocation andmerging of those villages More

This study have been designed to address the socio-economic, ecologic andstructural outcomes of spatial relocation of some villages in roodbar county ,after theearthquake of year 1990, and also the positive and negative effects of relocation andmerging of those villages.The results of data analysis show that the personal specifications of the samples ofthis study including their age and the number of their family members affect theirattitude toward relocation .it has also been found that relocation. It has also been foundthat relocation has made changes in socio-economic, ecologic and structuralspecification of the samples of this study. in fact, most of the samples of this studywere pleased about relocation, despite of the results of the samples of this study werepleased about relocation, despite of the results of previous related studies whichemphasized unsuccessful experiences of relocations and merging of villages in socioeconomic,ecologic and structural condition of community which has been occurreddue to the spatial relocation of the villages.Regarding the unsuccessful previous experiences of relocations or merging ofvillages, such activities should only be done in highly needed situations, withacquiring participation of target communities and providing secure socio-economic,ecologic and structural condition. In other word, success of spatial relocation projectsdepends on providing the appropriate socio-economic, ecologic and structuralcondition for the target communities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Studying the impacts of Olympic Games on housing for low-income groups in host cities(Seoul, Beijing, Atlanta, Sydney, Rio de Janeiro)
naeimeh rezaei

The Olympic Games are considered as a catalyst for development and create benefits for the host cities. However, these games have wide negative effects among which social effects especially in housing sector are notable. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the e More

The Olympic Games are considered as a catalyst for development and create benefits for the host cities. However, these games have wide negative effects among which social effects especially in housing sector are notable. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of holding the Olympic Games on housing in the host cities. This study is ''descriptive-analytical'' in terms of nature and method, and the data has been collected through studying documents including books, articles, theses, technical reports, local and international media and social networking sites. Cities of Seoul, Beijing, Atlanta, Sydney and Rio de Janeiro selected as samples and the effects of hosting the Olympic Games on their housing sector is studied. The research findings indicates that the impacts of hosting the Olympic Games on low-income and marginal groups have been always negative. In other words, the enormous costs of development of the host city and its entrance in to the global cities sphere is mainly on the shoulders of these groups. The effects of holding the Olympic Games on housing is usually reflected as displacement and forced eviction of residents. These displacements take place for a variety of reasons including preparing the ground for Olympic-related infrastructures, redevelopment and renovation of urban areas, gentrification and raising the property prices, reducing the supply of affordable housing and also the city clearance of homeless and poor people during holding the games. Although, holding the Olympic Games leads to the physical and economic development of the host cities, but this study shows that promoting the culture of peace and social equality, left unrealized.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Determination of the significance of beta-hydroxy butyrate, non esterified fatty acids and some other serum biochemical parameters as predictors of left displacement of abomasum in cattle
نوید Basiri SH Safi ایرج Norouzian عباس Rahimi Foroushani

Left displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 b More

Left displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 biochemicalparameters of cows with LDA before and after parturition were compared to those of healthycows (control group) using logistic regression statistical model. Changes in six parameters,including beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), calcium, sodium and potassium were significant (p<0.05) between thegroups and were included in the prediction model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Effect of layered sandy soil configuration on dispersion coefficient of nonreactive contaminant
روژین نگهدار Behrouz Mehdinejadiani

In this research, the transport process of a non-reactive contaminant through layered sandy soils and dispersion coefficient behavior in different configurations of these soils were investigated. Tracer tests included pollution and leaching experiments conducted in a sa More

In this research, the transport process of a non-reactive contaminant through layered sandy soils and dispersion coefficient behavior in different configurations of these soils were investigated. Tracer tests included pollution and leaching experiments conducted in a sandbox with dimensions of 130 cm×10 cm×60 cm. Three types of homogeneous sandy soils (coarse, medium and fine) as a control and six types of layered sandy soils were studied.The results showed that in the homogeneous sandy soils, the dispersion coefficient increased with increasing particle size of sand. For example, the dispersion coefficients of the coarse sandy soil in the pollution and leaching experiments were 8.46 and 7.91 orders of magnitude larger than the dispersion coefficients of the fine sandy soil, respectively. In the layered sandy soils, the type of configuration and the order of layers at each configuration influenced dispersion coefficient. In the pollution and leaching experiments, the least values of dispersion coefficients were equal to 12.50 cm2/min and 17.16 cm2/min, respectively, which were observed in the perpendicular configuration with stratification of coarse-medium-fine. However, the most values of dispersion coefficients in the pollution and leaching experiments were equal to 32.56 cm2/min and 37.31 cm2/min, respectively, which were obtained in the parallel configuration with stratification of coarse-fine- medium (from bottom to top). The dispersion coefficients of the layered sandy soils differed significantly from those of the homogeneous sandy soils. The transport process in the layered sandy soils, compared to the homogeneous sandy soils, had a more deviation from Fickian transport. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Evaluation of the Best Kinetic Model in Thin Layer Drying of Zucchini Using Convective Hot Air Dryer
Reza Fahimi Bijan Askari Pouria Ghareh Beglo Pouria Farzbood Farhad Mokhtari

Introduction: Dehydration of food particularly fruits and vegetables have been carried out for decades. In this research, thin layer drying of zucchini was performed by convective hot air dryer. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature and dryin More

Introduction: Dehydration of food particularly fruits and vegetables have been carried out for decades. In this research, thin layer drying of zucchini was performed by convective hot air dryer. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature and drying kinetic on zucchini and present the best kinetic model concerned with changes in moisture with respect to the time.Materials and Methods: All the tests were carried out in three temperature environments, (60, 70 and 80°C) with zucchini cuts of 10 mm thickness in three replicate order. Ten mathematical kinetic models were processed on experimental data and evaluation of models were analyzed by four criteria such as Determination of Coefficient (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Chi-square (X2), and Mean Bias Error (MBE). Second Fick's Law was used for evaluation of diffusion coefficient and Arhenius equation was employed for activation energy (Ea).Results: The results showed that Hii, Law & Cloke model evaluates drying of thin layer zucchini more appropriate than other models. The activation energy value was determined (85.45 kJ/mol).Conclusion: The Hii, Law & Cloke model might be considered as the most suitable mathematical model for thin layer drying of zucchini by hot air displacement method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Identify the urban planning approaches in facing industrial activities within the cities and practicing them in different countries’ experiences
Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini Nezhad Hassan Akbari

10.22034/jest.2018.13275

Abstract Background and Objective: Industrial activities have positive and negative impacts on urban system. This has led urban planning system in different countries, consider different policies to deal with these activities in urban scale. The purpose of this paper is More

Abstract Background and Objective: Industrial activities have positive and negative impacts on urban system. This has led urban planning system in different countries, consider different policies to deal with these activities in urban scale. The purpose of this paper is to identify the approaches in urban planning system, dealing with urban industrial activities and also understanding the relationship between the two vast domains of "urban planning" and "industrial activities planning" in achieving sustainable development. Method: The research method used in this paper is descriptive - analytic method based on the study of the documents of urban industrial planning experiences in different countries. Findings: The experiences of different countries in the field of urban industrial planning, represents the implementation of different policies in this field. The most common policies include pollution prevention, cleaner production, industrial zoning, revitalization of abandoned(inactive) industrial buildings through functional conversion, and finally revitalization of abandoned industrial sites, by using three policies: Special zoning and using incentives to keep and attract industrial activities in the city, Creation of mixed use for diversity and attractiveness of the site, and Clustering the industrial activities and emphasizing on integrated planning. Results: In this paper, three main approaches are identified as the basis of policy making in urban industrial planning:(1) Stabilization of industrial activities in a location, (2) Relocating industrial activities, and (3) attracting the industrial activities to a location. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Investigation of the IntraMolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Halo, Methoxy, and Cyano-Malonealdehyde Derivatives
Hadi Zare yousefkhani mohammad vakili vahidreza darugar

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) of Malonaldehyde, as the simplest resonance-assisted hydrogen bond system in symmetric O–H…O class, and its halo derivatives (F, Cl, and Br), methoxy and cyano have been studied at the DFT-B3LYP/6-311++G&lowast;&lowast; More

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) of Malonaldehyde, as the simplest resonance-assisted hydrogen bond system in symmetric O–H…O class, and its halo derivatives (F, Cl, and Br), methoxy and cyano have been studied at the DFT-B3LYP/6-311++G&lowast;&lowast; level of theory. We also performed the topological, structural, NBO, and spectroscopy parameters at the same level for them. Good linear correlation between IHB energies based on, Spinoza equation and structural parameters such as hydrogen bond length, covalent bond length, distance of two oxygen atom, hydrogen bond angle, topological parameters including Density and Laplacian at the critical points of the hydrogen bond and the chelated-ring and NBO parameters, including the wiberg of hydrogen bond and hyper conjugative interaction energy of lp(O) → σ&lowast;(O–H), as well as Frequencies of the O–H stretching and bending, and chemical shift of bridged hydrogen in gas phase and solution were obtained. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Experimental Investigation of Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids Fe3O4 Magnetic Field Influences the Variable Magnetic Field
M.H. Dibaei M.B. Shafii M.H. Nobakhti

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Minimizing Non-decreasing Objective Functions for the Open Shop Scheduling Problem Using Genetic Algorithm
Ghorbanali Mohammadi Taher Daali Matoorian

Planning is currently considered as an important element for the whole personal, societal and organizational affairs, whereby every activity would be performed effectively. Scheduling is of high significance in operations research. Recently, scholars have drawn much att More

Planning is currently considered as an important element for the whole personal, societal and organizational affairs, whereby every activity would be performed effectively. Scheduling is of high significance in operations research. Recently, scholars have drawn much attention to the application of mathematical modeling as an optimization approach in solving the complex scheduling problems. However, only a few have addressed the open-shop scheduling problem. This study was intended to investigate the effectiveness of meta-heuristic genetic algorithm in order to minimize non-decreasing separable objective functions for such problem. In this genetic algorithm, displacement mutation and partially matched crossover were adopted as two operators. Moreover, the obtained solutions were compared based on how to select the best chromosome by using methods of tournament selection, rank selection, and roulette wheel selection. The data were collected through literature review. It was exhibited that meta-heuristic genetic algorithm can rapidly find the optimal solution. Furthermore, rank selection resulted in more optimal solutions instead of the other two.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Optimizing of Open Vehicle Routing Problem by Using an Efficient Hybrid Meta-heuristic Algorithm
Majid Yousefi khoshbakht Hassan Zarie Zahra Sadati Eskandari Narges Mahmmudi Daranie Ahmad Mahmmud Janlo

The Open Vehicle Routing Problem (OVRP) is one of the most intensively studied problems in computational mathematics that nowadays and it has been receiving much attention by researchers and scientists. In this Problem, the objective is to define minimized distance trav More

The Open Vehicle Routing Problem (OVRP) is one of the most intensively studied problems in computational mathematics that nowadays and it has been receiving much attention by researchers and scientists. In this Problem, the objective is to define minimized distance traveled of the several vehicles that start to move simultaneously from the depot and visit some customers. It is noted that against to the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), it is not necessary that vehicles return to the depot after servicing the customers. This paper proposes a meta-heuristic algorithm in which at the first stage, a modified elite ant colony (EAS) is applied for finding a suboptimal solution, and at the second stage, the insert and swap local search algorithms are used for finding better solutions. Computational results on fifteen standard benchmark problem instances show that the proposed algorithm is comparable in terms of solution quality of other meta-heuristic algorithms.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Validation of the model of the antecedents and consequences of the transfer of managers in Mashhad municipality
saeed bizhani Aval hamid rezaiefar mohammad mohammadi mahdi mahmodzadeh

The category of stability and transfer of managers is very effective in achieving the goals and missions of any organization. Therefore,one of the missions of researchers in the field of management is to investigate this issue, therefore, the present research was prepar More

The category of stability and transfer of managers is very effective in achieving the goals and missions of any organization. Therefore,one of the missions of researchers in the field of management is to investigate this issue, therefore, the present research was prepared and compiled with the aim of validating the model of the antecedents and consequences of the transfer of managers in Mashhad municipality. The statistical population was 300 middle and executive managers of Mashhad Municipality, which was estimated to be196 based on Morgan's table. The sampling method is simple random, and the data collection tool is made with the help of a researcher-made questionnaire. To measure the validity of the questionnaire,in addition to face and content validity, confirmatory factor analysis was used and to measure the reliability of the questionnaire,Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used,which was more than0.7 In the data analysis, descriptive statistical methods were used(frequency tables and column charts)and in inferential statistics, Cronbach's alpha test,confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation method have been used to investigate the research questions with the help of spss software and PLS software. The model fit indices also indicated the appropriate quality of the model. At the end,while explaining the various aspects of the antecedents and positive and negative consequences of the transfer of managers,practical suggestions have been presented in these dimensions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - The Effect of Number of Steps on the Performance of a Cascade Type Solar Still
Nader Rahbar فاطمه علی پناه

The purpose of this study is to simulate fluid flow in a weir-type cascade solar still, assuming steady-state and air being the ideal gas and incompressible. The commercial software FLUENT is used for numerical simulation of the process. SIMPLE algorithm is used to calc More

The purpose of this study is to simulate fluid flow in a weir-type cascade solar still, assuming steady-state and air being the ideal gas and incompressible. The commercial software FLUENT is used for numerical simulation of the process. SIMPLE algorithm is used to calculate the relationship between pressure and velocity. In addition, first order upwind method is applied for separation of displacement and interpolation of pressure. Numerical simulations are performed for Solar Still with four to ten and also with twelve steps. Results of investigations on a Solar Still with different number of steps, in which the height of the steps is constant value of 2 cm, show that increasing the number of steps causes to increase water production up to eight steps. Furthermore, the highest rate of water production was 232 ml/m3hr for solar still with eight steps. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Effect of Partially Cooling on the Productivity of a Tubular Solar Still – A Numerical Study
Ehsan Fotouhi Bafghi Nader Rahbar

Today, Solar stills have become a popular water purification facilities in desalination research areas. They use solar energy as a never ending, low cost and clean energy. They have no moving parts and without any noise. In this study, we investigate the effect of parti More

Today, Solar stills have become a popular water purification facilities in desalination research areas. They use solar energy as a never ending, low cost and clean energy. They have no moving parts and without any noise. In this study, we investigate the effect of partially cooling on the productivity of a tubular solar still. For this purpose, 2-D finite volume method was used to solve velocity, momentum, energy and mass transfer equations for humid air inside the enclosure. Moreover, the effect of using glass-cover partially-cooling on the stream lines, isotherms, mass fraction and water productivity was investigated. The results showed that numerical simulation has a good agreement with experimental results. Furthermore, we concluded that increasing the Rayleigh number and using partially cooling lead to enhance water productivity. Moreover, the maximum productivity was achieved in Ra=105 when using partially cooling on top of the glass cover. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Numerical Study on the Effect of dimension of Steps on the Performance of a Cascade Solar Still
Nader Rahbar فاطمه علی پناه

The purpose The purpose of this study is to simulate fluid flow in a weir-type cascade solar still, assuming steady-state and air being the ideal gas and incompressible. The commercial software FLUENT is used for numerical simulation of the process. SIMPLE algorithm is More

The purpose The purpose of this study is to simulate fluid flow in a weir-type cascade solar still, assuming steady-state and air being the ideal gas and incompressible. The commercial software FLUENT is used for numerical simulation of the process. SIMPLE algorithm is used to calculate the relationship between pressure and velocity. In addition, first order upwind method is applied for separation of displacement and interpolation of pressure. The effective parameters on unit productivity are the distance between glass surface and water, height of solar still, the number of vortexes and convective heat transfer coefficient. Results of investigations on a Solar Still with different height of steps, indicated that the productivity increases with increasing the height of stairs. Although, it should be noted that in each model with specific number of stairs there is an upward-downward trend; in other words, there is an optimum point in each model with specific number of stairs. Also, the still in the specific model of six-stairs with the height of 3.5 cm of stairs had maximum productivity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Experimental investigation on thermophysical properties and convective heat transfer of Mg(OH)2-water under turbulent flow
Kourosh Hasanzade Mostafa Sefidgar

The aim of the present study is to investigate the thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and convective heat transfer of Mg(OH)2-water nanofluid inside a circular tube under turbulent flow. The experiments have been carried in solid volume fractions of 0.0625, 0.125, More

The aim of the present study is to investigate the thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and convective heat transfer of Mg(OH)2-water nanofluid inside a circular tube under turbulent flow. The experiments have been carried in solid volume fractions of 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1%. The results indicated that adding nanoparticles to the base fluid result in noticeable increase in heat transfer rate. Moreover, the results showed that the thermal conductivity is increased while the temperature and solid volume fraction increased. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Investigate the Effect of length parameter on heat transfer rate in porous fin in natural convection
Mohammad Jafarian Nader Rahbar

Always considering the scientific community as well as various industries including electronics industries to find new techniques to increase the heat transfer rate. The use of a porous media due to increase the effective surface provides a new window in this context. T More

Always considering the scientific community as well as various industries including electronics industries to find new techniques to increase the heat transfer rate. The use of a porous media due to increase the effective surface provides a new window in this context. Therefore, in this study we are trying to find the optimal length for porous fin. In this study the effect of heat convection considered on a rectangular fin. Porous fin allows fluid to flow through and cause a better Natural Convection and Heat Transfer between them. Darcy Models have been applied to formulate Heat Transfer which is presented as a second order nonlinear equation. Geometry and porosity are classified with a Dimensionless Parameter. Thermal behaviors of Fins on Temperature Reduction including: long fin, finite-length fin with insulated tip, finite-length fin with known Convective Coefficient at the tip and finite-length fin with known temperature at the tip are found. Amount of Temperature Reduction and heat transfer are calculated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - A review of studies in the field of thermal performance of the fins and heat sinks
Mohammad Jafarian Nader Rahbar

One of the most important issues in various industries, including electronics, is Components thermal management. In order to have more powerful, integrated and smaller electronic products, it is necessary to use higher level of Heat Dissipation Technology. This requires More

One of the most important issues in various industries, including electronics, is Components thermal management. In order to have more powerful, integrated and smaller electronic products, it is necessary to use higher level of Heat Dissipation Technology. This requires the use of extended surfaces (fins) resolves. Many studies have been conducted to find the optimal shape of the fins. Different methods are used to optimize and increase the efficiency of the fins and heat sinks which can be noted to optimize the geometry, shape and dimensions, change the fins distance, the use of different materials in the manufacture of fins, the use of porous media with high thermal conductivity to improve fins thermal characteristics. . In this study is mentioned review of some previous researches that has been done in this context. Manuscript profile

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23 - Natural convection heat transfer analysis of nano-fluid in a F- shaped chamber
Abdollah Khalesi Doost Amir Yadolahi

In this study has been investigated the natural heat transfer for F-shaped geometry with laminar flow and under certain conditions. The top walls are isolated, and right wall has a hot boundary condition and left walls are cold. Momentum and energy equations written and More

In this study has been investigated the natural heat transfer for F-shaped geometry with laminar flow and under certain conditions. The top walls are isolated, and right wall has a hot boundary condition and left walls are cold. Momentum and energy equations written and SIMPLE algorithm was used to solve for the equations. For geometry modeling prepare a program in FORTRAN and for checking of accuracy of written code it was checked with one adapted articles. In this paper, the influence of factors such as Raily number, Hartman number, aspect ratio and the ratio of silver nano-particles on the heat transfer is investigated. The results show that by increasing the Raily number increases of heat transfer. The horizontal and vertical speed decreases with increasing aspect ratio compartment. Increasing Railey number will increase the effect of the influence of Hartmann number and heat transfer. By proportion of aspect ratio equal 0.4 that warm wall temperature too close to the cold wall, heat transfer was increased. Keywords Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Numerical Analysis of mixed conviction heat transfer for different nanofluids inside concentric annulus
سعید عمادالدین احد عابدینی علی حیدری

In this study, numerical mixed convection heat transfer in a horizontal concentric annulus in the presence of water-based fluid with nanoparticles of aluminum oxide, copper, silver and titanium dioxide discussed. Numerical solution using finite volume method based on SI More

In this study, numerical mixed convection heat transfer in a horizontal concentric annulus in the presence of water-based fluid with nanoparticles of aluminum oxide, copper, silver and titanium dioxide discussed. Numerical solution using finite volume method based on SIMPLE algorithm is done and discretization of equations generally is first order. Inner and outer cylinders have constant temperature and inner cylinder temperature is higher than outer one. Both of the cylinders can be rotated in either direction with constant angular velocity. The effect of parameters such as Rayleigh, Richardson, Reynolds number and volume fraction of nanoparticles on heat transfer and flow pattern discussed. Results showed that by increasing Rayleigh number increases heat transfer, heat transfer rate also increases with increasing volume fraction of nanoparticles and these increase is about 8.25 percent for 5 percent nanoparticles by volume. Rotation of cylinders reduces the overall heat transfer rate. Different rotation has large impact on the flow pattern and heat transfer. Adding nanoparticles has not significant impact on the flow patterns and isotherms but is effective in quantity. The results has good agreement with the similar work has been done before. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - A review of numerical studies on solar stills to determine the effective parameters on heat and mass transfer and efficiency
Ali Heydari Pedram Aliakbari

In recent years, due to population growth and the reduction of water resources, the human has forced to sweeten brackish water. While this work takes energy and high costs. Thus, the scientists studied a lot about solar desalination and the factors influencing them. In More

In recent years, due to population growth and the reduction of water resources, the human has forced to sweeten brackish water. While this work takes energy and high costs. Thus, the scientists studied a lot about solar desalination and the factors influencing them. In this study, we tried to have a review on the literature of numerical simulation of solar desalination systems with Assumptions: laminar natural convection, heat and mass transfer using finite volume method which presented by researchers who have been working in this field. This research is prepared for researchers who interested in this subject or those who intend to get acquainted of solar desalination systems, to have an appropriate reference for specialized study. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Numerical Study of Magneto Hydrodynamic effect on Ferrofluid flow in channel
بهنام وثوق Hadi Kargar Sharifabad

In this numerical case study, thermal and hydrodynamic behavior of Ferro fluid (water + %2 Fe2O3) in two dimension channel in present of magnetic field has been study by single phase model and finite volume method. Magneto hydrodynamic effect and then impact of adding m More

In this numerical case study, thermal and hydrodynamic behavior of Ferro fluid (water + %2 Fe2O3) in two dimension channel in present of magnetic field has been study by single phase model and finite volume method. Magneto hydrodynamic effect and then impact of adding magnetic Nano and effect of non-uniform magnetic field on fluid has been study. channel’s wall are on constant temperature of 290 kelvin and main fluid inter the channel in 340 K. four magnetic dipole place along channel and the placed the fluid under magnetic field strength of 0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25 .impact of these magnetic field on velocity, pressure, heat transfer rate and Nusselt number studied and it showed very little impact heat transfer enhancement under magnetic field and can be negligible. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - A review on thermal conductivity of material in different type
mehrdad mesgarpour Ali Heydari seyfollah saddodin

Thermal conductivity is one of the most important property of any type of materials. It’s shown that how much thermal energy can be cross inside the body. Solid material have the most rate of thermal conductivity. After solid material, fluid and gases have thermal More

Thermal conductivity is one of the most important property of any type of materials. It’s shown that how much thermal energy can be cross inside the body. Solid material have the most rate of thermal conductivity. After solid material, fluid and gases have thermal conductivity rate. Measuring this property is step 1 to understand where and how material can be use. In this study several ways to measure thermal conductivity is shown. Also for non-solid material like fluid and component material introduce some new experimental test to measure thermal conductivity Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Experimental studies on the convective heat transfer of MgO–water nanofluid
mohammad ghavidel Seyfolah Saedodin

The present study aimed to investigate the convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids containing magnesium oxide nanoparticles in water-based fluid in the exchanger plates have been carried out. Tests on the volume fraction of (0.005, 0.01, 0.015and 0.02) were u More

The present study aimed to investigate the convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids containing magnesium oxide nanoparticles in water-based fluid in the exchanger plates have been carried out. Tests on the volume fraction of (0.005, 0.01, 0.015and 0.02) were used in this study have Ast.nanvzrh which has a diameter of 20 nm. Also the results show that with increasing fraction nanofluid volume, heat transfer coefficient and thus increases the heat transfer. Also heat transfer nanofluids% increase in volume fraction of 0.02 to 0.005 respectively 52% and 4.3% is on. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Investigating the effect of magnetic field, slope variations and wall temperature boundary conditions on the natural convection in the cavity with obstacle filled with water
mohammad nemati mohammad sefid ahmad reza rahmati

In this article, the magnetic field effect on the natural convection heat transfer is simulated via LBM. The vertical wall of the left side of the cavity is at a constant hot temperature, while the vertical wall of the right side of the cavity has three different temper More

In this article, the magnetic field effect on the natural convection heat transfer is simulated via LBM. The vertical wall of the left side of the cavity is at a constant hot temperature, while the vertical wall of the right side of the cavity has three different temperature boundary conditions, 1) constant cold temperature, 2) linear temperature and 3) constant hot temperature. A lozenge-shaped obstacle located in the center of the cavity is examined in four different modes, 1) cold, 2) conducting, 3) adiabatic, and 4) hot. The bottom wall of the cavity is also evaluated in three different slopes. The results show that increasing the slope of the wall and the Rayleigh number by unchanged all the parameters leads to an increase in heat transfer. Also, changing the boundary temperature of the walls and the obstacle can affect the amount of heat transfer. In addition, increasing the strength of the magnetic field reduces the average Nusselt number, which differs in different conditions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Analysis of heat transfer in the cavity with different shapes filled nanofluid in the presence of magnetic field with heat generation/absorption using LBM
mohammad nemati ramin jahangiri morteza khalilian

In this work, natural convection in a two-dimensional enclosure with different shapes filled nanofluid with heat generating/absorbing in the presence of a magnetic field is simulated by LBM. The left vertical wall of the enclosure is examined in two modes: constant temp More

In this work, natural convection in a two-dimensional enclosure with different shapes filled nanofluid with heat generating/absorbing in the presence of a magnetic field is simulated by LBM. The left vertical wall of the enclosure is examined in two modes: constant temperature heating and linear temperature heating and the cold wall of the enclosure in three different forms (a) diagonal, (b) curved and (c) smooth. The effect of parameters such as Hartmann number, nanoparticle volume concentration, heat generation/absorption coefficient, cold wall shape and type of wall heating on the nature of flow and heat transfer is evaluated. The results show that in all cases, increasing the Hartmann number and heat generation/absorption coefficient decrease the Nusselt number. The effect of Hartmann number in different states is different. The highest heat transfer also occurs when the vertical wall has a constant temperature. The effect of the magnetic field is greater when the cold wall is smooth. The effect of adding nanoparticles to the base fluid on decreasing or increasing the average Nusselt number depends on the Hartmann number and heat generation/absorption coefficient. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - The status of oxidative stress and some trace elements, hematological and serum biochemical indices in dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum
Kambiz Kiani Monfared Gholam Reza Mohammadi Seyed alireza Taghavi razavizadeh Mohammad Heidarpour

Left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) is one of the most important production disorders. In order to compare the status of some hematological and serum biochemical indices, trace elements and oxidative stress of cows with and without LDA, blood samples were taken from More

Left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) is one of the most important production disorders. In order to compare the status of some hematological and serum biochemical indices, trace elements and oxidative stress of cows with and without LDA, blood samples were taken from 30 dairy cows with LDA and 30 healthy cows in early lactation period. Haematological parameters, total protein, fibrinogen, Ca, Mg, bilirubin, uric acid, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, creatinine and AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), GGT (Gamma- glutamyl transferase), CPK (Creatine phosphokinase) enzymes, Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, MDA and total antioxidant status were measured. Although the results showed significant differences in PCV, RBC, MCHC, lymphocyte, monocyte, fibrinogen, bilirubin, albumin, cholesterol, calcium, uric acid, AST and ALP enzymes between the two groups (p<0.05), but the occurrence of oxidative stress and changes in the levels of trace elements were not significant between the LDA affected and healthy cows. In LDA affected cattle, significant increase of PCV might be due to dehydration while increasing of monocyte and decreasing of lymphocyte counts could also be due to stressful condition or probable infections in early lactation. Anorexia, food deprivation and withdrawal of calcium from milk in early lactation may play a role in decreasing of albumin, cholesterol and calcium. Liver lipidosis and fasting along with biliary duct obstruction may be effective on increasing AST activity and bilirubin respectively in cows with LDA. It seems that early diagnosis and treatment of LDA can prevent the occurrence of sever changes in oxidative stress status and homeostasis of cow’s body. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Prioritizing the effective factors on the companies manufacturing performance using the deletion and alternative shifting method (Case study)
Houshang Taghizadeh Ghafar Tari

This paper deals with prioritizing the effective factors on the companies manufacturing performance using the deletion and alternative shifting method. The seven input factors which have been investigated in the manufacturing organiztions are : management , manpower, ma More

This paper deals with prioritizing the effective factors on the companies manufacturing performance using the deletion and alternative shifting method. The seven input factors which have been investigated in the manufacturing organiztions are : management , manpower, materials , method, money, market, and machinery.The statistical population is the Tabriz-kar machinery industry that includes 50 people. All the population has been studied. The result showed that management and machine factors have the first, manpower and method the second, materials, money and market the third priority Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Comparing Behavior of Steel Buildings with Diagonal & Chevron Knee Braced Frames under Lateral Loads
s.mehdi Zahraei Saeid Bahram Masjed bari

Bracing system is one of typical lateral bearing schemes in steel buildings. If just a limited length of ductile element becomes inelastic, a more controllable behavior is warranted. Knee Braced Frames, KBFs, are among such systems. In this paper, multistory frames (5 a More

Bracing system is one of typical lateral bearing schemes in steel buildings. If just a limited length of ductile element becomes inelastic, a more controllable behavior is warranted. Knee Braced Frames, KBFs, are among such systems. In this paper, multistory frames (5 and 8-story frames) have been modeled with SAP2000 software and their lateral behavior has been studied. Meanwhile some of their properties have been introduced by using criteria such as target displacement, capacity curve (Force-Displacement), formation of plastic hinge and sample designed sections. Better lateral performance of chevron knee braced frames compared to diagonal knee braced frames has been indicated due to more knee elements and thus higher damping. According to the results of chevron knee braced frames, when the height of the structure increases (from 5 to 8 stories), the target displacement increases 65%, base-shear and spectral acceleration decrease 10% and 40% respectively, while in diagonal knee braced frames the target displacement increases 70%, base-shear  and spectral acceleration decrease 5% and 40% respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Investigation of Seismic Behavior of Concrete Structures Reinforced with FRP and Steel Bars
arash dalili ramin vafaeipoor

Considering the increasing use of FRP bars, as reinforcement in concrete structures, the study of the dynamic behavior of these types of structures and its behavioral comparison with steel reinforced concrete structures seem to be necessary. In this regard, in the prese More

Considering the increasing use of FRP bars, as reinforcement in concrete structures, the study of the dynamic behavior of these types of structures and its behavioral comparison with steel reinforced concrete structures seem to be necessary. In this regard, in the present study, buildings with floors 2, 5, and 10 in two-dimensional and three-dimensional states were considered in two types of steel reinforced and FRP reinforced were modeled and analyzed in ABAQUS software. By using the results of the analysis, behavioral comparisons between these structures were carried out with a focus on displacement. By considering in the same conditions, the results of the analysis reveal that displacement in FRP-reinforced structures is more than steel-reinforced structures. Also, in the 2-storey building model, the relation between steel structures and FRP structures is linear with 90% regression coefficient was observed while in 5-storey buildings and 10-storey building’s behavior are nonlinear, with a regression coefficient of 89% and 87%, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - The study of deformation modes of buried pipelines under the permanent land displacement at the site of an active fault
Mahsen Oghabi Mehdi Khoshvatan

Pipe behavior under fault displacement is complex. In the past earthquake fault displacement of 2.1, 3 and 4 meters has been reported. Literature review shows understand failure modes of buried pipelines subjected to big fault displacement, is a challenge. In this paper More

Pipe behavior under fault displacement is complex. In the past earthquake fault displacement of 2.1, 3 and 4 meters has been reported. Literature review shows understand failure modes of buried pipelines subjected to big fault displacement, is a challenge. In this paper, the influence of the thickness of the pipe on the response of the pipe under the fault displacement greater than 1 meter is studied. The quasi-static analysis by taking into pipe-soil interaction, by finite element simulation was performed with the ABAQUS software. Pipe and soil Dimensions and material properties of the soil and pipe is fixed in all analyzed. The fault displacement (0.2 to 3 meters) and the pipe thickness (from 8.2 to 20 mm) variable parameters of this article. For variable displacement faults and the thickness of the pipe, the pipe deformation After removing the fault, the thickness of the pipe and the amount of displacement of the fault on the behavior of pipe strain exists in the pipeline wall is extracted and discussed is located. The displacement of less than 1 meter, the pipes like the letter S and local buckling occurs in the pipeline. The displacement of 1.5 meters and more like the letter Z-pipe deformation and wrinkling occurs in the pipeline. The displacement of more than 1.5 meters, distortion, and wrinkling pipe is deformed. The displacement of more than 1 m by increasing the thickness of the pipe, the strain is reduced. Change the thickness of the pipe, the pipe failure mode changes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - The Investigation of Resistant Reinforced Concrete Core in High-Rise Building of the Tube in Tube System with Stairs Box Against Earthquakes
mohammad reza shadman khankandi ashkan khodabandehlou

The design of structures against wind and earthquakes due to losses caused by these phenomena in different countries is very important. Designing of tall buildings should be have comprehensive and complete against the forces of wind and earthquake. Earthquake is one of More

The design of structures against wind and earthquakes due to losses caused by these phenomena in different countries is very important. Designing of tall buildings should be have comprehensive and complete against the forces of wind and earthquake. Earthquake is one of the world's natural phenomena, so that in recent years the human losses during 1947 and 2005 have been announced about 550 thousand people worldwide. The main goal of this study is to investigate the behavior of resistant reinforced concrete core in high-rise building of the tube in tube system with stairs against earthquakes in building with 100 meters height and 25 floors under the influence of three Accelerogram Bam, Tapas and Northridge via SAP2000 software. Base shear, roof displacement and column axial force compared together. The results of the research showed that modeling stepping on the coordinates of the center of mass has not made a significant change, but rigidity center has mainly changed due to stiffness of stair slab. Also high-rise building's seismic response affected by the earthquake Accelerogram type Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Investigation of the Performance of Sandwich Floor Under the Explosive Load by Finite Element Method
Naser Ahadi mohammadali lotfollahi yaghin

Nowadays, with the spread of explosive attacks on buildings in the world, a detailed study of the behavior of structures under the influence of explosive loads is a necessity. The explosion is a reaction in which the rate of burning material is carried out at a much hig More

Nowadays, with the spread of explosive attacks on buildings in the world, a detailed study of the behavior of structures under the influence of explosive loads is a necessity. The explosion is a reaction in which the rate of burning material is carried out at a much higher rate than the sound speed, resulting in a very high temperature and pressure gradient generated and the shock wave is immediately generated and released at a very high speed. In this study, considering the importance of the subject, we examined the behavior of the panel sandwich ceilings under the canwep loads using Abqus 2016 software. In order to validate the results of the numerical examples, we first verified the results of a sample of the reference article and, after correctness of the results, we applied numerical modeling to six models and extracted the results in Excel software. In this research, numerical examples include two groups of roof panel sandwich panels that differ in interior hardening intervals. Both groups under the load of 1, 2 and 3 kg of TNT were located at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the roof and examined the impact of the explosive charge on the distribution of stress and displacements in the samples. As expected, according to the samples, the explosion of the explosive and the increase in distance from the surface of the panel reduced the amount of displacement and stresses on the panel, as well as the distance of the explosive from the surface of the panel and the increase in the amount of explosive material, displacement and The tension on the panel has also increased. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Active Control of Structures Using Active Tendon Subjected to Near Field Earthquakes
Ahmad maleki rasool khodayari hosein yousefpour

This paper studies on active control of structures subjected to near field earthquakes. In order to evaluation of effects of earthquakes with different frequencies three steel structures of 4, 8 and 15 floors with different natural period have been desined using ETABS s More

This paper studies on active control of structures subjected to near field earthquakes. In order to evaluation of effects of earthquakes with different frequencies three steel structures of 4, 8 and 15 floors with different natural period have been desined using ETABS software based on allowable stress method then opensees software have been used for three dimentional modeling of structures. Considering the impact and frequency content complexity of new field earthquakes, these structures subseetes to new field earthquakes. The different softwares have been used to verify of structures modelling. In order to evaluation of frequency content of earthquake, all of records scaled to 0.6 g then applied to structures. Different dynamic analysis conducted using eleven near field earthquake records and then the results compared to non-controled model to indicate the effect of active tendons. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - A review of studies on the use of dampers to improve the seismic performance of structures
Ali Sattari

10.30495/civil.2021.693683

The growth of population and technology along with the costs of maintenance and repair of structures after the occurrence of natural disasters such as storms, floods and earthquakes have caused people to look for safer shelter than in the past. Dampers are used to impro More

The growth of population and technology along with the costs of maintenance and repair of structures after the occurrence of natural disasters such as storms, floods and earthquakes have caused people to look for safer shelter than in the past. Dampers are used to improve the cyclic behavior of structures against wind and earthquake loads. In this research, the experimental and numerical research results published in open access journals that considered the effect of the type and form of the damper on the performance of the structures, including the reduction of displacement and the reduction of foundation shear, are given. By applying cyclic load to the structure, usually the dampers have reduced the base shear and reduced the displacement of the structure. In the laboratory samples where only the damper itself has been tested, more attention has been paid to the performance of the damper. As a result of applying the earthquake record to the structure, the dampers have caused a decrease in a number of records and an increase in the base shear and displacement of the structure in some records, and at the same time, they have not shown a uniform performance for the base shear and displacement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - رابطه خطای پیش بینی سود و جابجایی مدیرعامل در شرکتها
فرزین رضایی طاهره رضی کاظمی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Effective Factors on Rural Peoples Satisfaction for Spatial Replacement (Case Study: Chaaharmahal Village)
شهاب نوبخت حقیقی محمد باسط قریشی مینآباد

This study concerns determining effective factors on rural people's satisfaction for spatial resettlement in Chaaharmahal village. Moreover; this investigation has been conducted in chaaharmahal village located in khorgam district of roudbaar County. Additionally, this More

This study concerns determining effective factors on rural people's satisfaction for spatial resettlement in Chaaharmahal village. Moreover; this investigation has been conducted in chaaharmahal village located in khorgam district of roudbaar County. Additionally, this survey follows descriptive and analytic method. Also, Research instrument of this study comprises a questionnaire for statistical population consisted of 720 chaaharmahal village families. Sampling has been determined by Kochran as 251 people. The variables have been tested by Cramer's v because of non – parametric nature of the data. As a result; Most of the subjects were satisfied with the resettlements while previsions studies were all emphasizing on unsatisfied subjects with resettlement and rural merging. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - An Analysis of Concepts and Climate Change Effects on Temperature and Rice Cultivated Calendar in the Gilan (Case study: Rasht Station)
mahmood roshani

In this research, first the concepts of the climate changes phenomenon are investigated regarding to their statistical features. Also for better understanding of the concepts of the climate changes phenomenon, it s been analyzed minimum and maximum absolute temperature More

In this research, first the concepts of the climate changes phenomenon are investigated regarding to their statistical features. Also for better understanding of the concepts of the climate changes phenomenon, it s been analyzed minimum and maximum absolute temperature and temperature mean of Rasht station. For achieving this aim, we collected a forty-eight year information(1956-2003) of the above mentioned station, next using some statistical analyses and determining equations with applying Spss and Excel software, it has been demonstrated that the rate of the minimum absolute temperature has been increased during four seasons and the temperature mean and absolute minimum in the early of the period(up to 1980) is less than 1980 to 2003.The seasonal graphs of the minimum absolute temperature show that the fluctuation of the minimum absolute temperature in seasons has been decreased from the first periods(1956-1980) to the second periods(1980-2003) also the intensity of the minimum absolute temperature has been reduced and the minimum absolute temperature include on increasing procedure. It s been predicted that the minimum absolute temperature of Rasht station will be increased in spring (5.47), summer(5.6), fall(5.02) and winter (2.75) than the early of the period. Climatically time displacing is being clear within seasons and the cultivated calendar is changing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - مطالعه ی تطبیقی از جابجایی درترجمه های انگلیسی گلستان سعدی: مطالعه موردی ترجمه تکستون و ریهاتسک
Niloofar Nakisaei Azadeh Nemati Samad Mirza Suzani

10.30495/ttlt.2021.679447

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی جابجایی در ترجمه های انگلیسی گلستان سعدی انجام شد. به این منظور از طرح روشهای مختلط استفاده شد. مطالب این پژوهش شامل 20 شعر و 20 نثر از گلستان سعدی به همراه ترجمه‌های انگلیسی آنها توسط تکستون (2008) و ریهاتسک (2010) بود. برای جمع آوری داده ها ، ا More

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی جابجایی در ترجمه های انگلیسی گلستان سعدی انجام شد. به این منظور از طرح روشهای مختلط استفاده شد. مطالب این پژوهش شامل 20 شعر و 20 نثر از گلستان سعدی به همراه ترجمه‌های انگلیسی آنها توسط تکستون (2008) و ریهاتسک (2010) بود. برای جمع آوری داده ها ، ابتدا محقق و یک مترجم باتجربه ترجمه ها را به دقت مورد بررسی قرار دادند تا موارد جابجایی را شناسایی کنند. سپس، موارد شناسایی شده جابجایی بر اساس چارچوب ویتلسی (2012) طبقه بندی شدند. در مرحله بعد، فراوانی و درصد انواع مختلف جابجایی محاسبه شد. سرانجام ، آزمونخی دوبرای بررسی تفاوت بین این دو ترجمه از نظر جابجایی شکل و محتوا انجام شد .نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها به ترتیب 10 و 14 مورد جابجایی شکل در ترجمه هایریهاتسک وتکستونرا نشان داد. جابجایی محتوا، 30 مورد در ترجمه ریهاتسکو 26 مورد در ترجمه تکستوننیز صورت گرفته است. تکستون شکل را بیشتر از محتوا و ریهاتسک محتوا را بیشتر از شکل در ترجمه انگلیسی گلستان سعدی جابجا کرده است. دو ترجمه از لحاظ جابجایی شکل و محتوا با یکدیگر تفاوت معناداری نداشتند. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Evaluating the Spatial Consequences of the Relocation of Yakh Kash Village in Mazandaran Province with the Approach of Environmental Sustainability
Mahsa Tehrani Rajabi Roozbeh Zamanian

10.30495/jsps.2023.1974580.1023

The implementation of the Yakh Kash village relocation plan was carried out in 2008 due to the flooding of the Golvard dam and the risk of flooding, which had many consequences for the lives of the villagers. The aim of the present research was to investigate and evalua More

The implementation of the Yakh Kash village relocation plan was carried out in 2008 due to the flooding of the Golvard dam and the risk of flooding, which had many consequences for the lives of the villagers. The aim of the present research was to investigate and evaluate the consequences of village relocation and the problems of the people of Yakh Kash village in Behshahr city. Library documents and field studies have been used to achieve the desired goal of this research. Also, by using different methods of information gathering, especially observation and interview with 51 households, the opinions and problems of the residents regarding the new village were investigated. Exploratory factor analysis was used for evaluation. . The results of the study indicate that most of the rural households did not do animal husbandry after relocation. The problem of eliminating animal husbandry in Yakh Kash village has caused many problems such as reducing the income sources of the household and increasing the cost of living, which has shown itself as the biggest problems of the villagers after relocation. Also, based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis, non-observance of physical-infrastructural considerations, non-observance of environmental considerations in the construction of a new village, inappropriate social performance of the new settlement, problems related to the economic status of the rural household and inappropriate performance of the new settlements are the most important problems of the villagers from the cultural-psychological dimension. After displacement, they were evaluated to account for 46.52% of the cumulative variance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - بررسی اثر قطر نانوذرات بر جابجایی آزاد نانوسیال آب- اکسید آلومینیوم با استفاده از مدلهای تکفازی و دوفازی
میثم اسفندیاری بابک مهماندوست آرش کریمی پور

در این پژوهش، اثر قطرنانوذرات در جابجایی آزاد نانوسیال آب- اکسید آلومینیوم در یک محفظه با مدل دو فازی و تک‌فازی بررسی شده است. محدوده عدد رایلی 105 تا 107 در کسر حجمی‌های 01/0 تا 03/0 برای نانوذرات با قطر-های گوناگون (25، 33، 50 و 100) نانومتر در نظر گرفته شده است. با ت More

در این پژوهش، اثر قطرنانوذرات در جابجایی آزاد نانوسیال آب- اکسید آلومینیوم در یک محفظه با مدل دو فازی و تک‌فازی بررسی شده است. محدوده عدد رایلی 105 تا 107 در کسر حجمی‌های 01/0 تا 03/0 برای نانوذرات با قطر-های گوناگون (25، 33، 50 و 100) نانومتر در نظر گرفته شده است. با توجه به طبیعت دو‌فازی بودن نانوسیال‌ها، نیاز به مدلسازی با استفاده از این در حال افزایش است. فرض تک‌فازی (بر خلاف دو فازی) برای نانوسیال‌ها بر این اساس است که رفتار‌های هر دو فازجامد (نانوذرات) و فاز مایع (سیال پایه) کاملاً مشابه هستند. در این مطالعه، از دیدگاه اویلری- اویلری و مدل مخلوط با توجه به اثرات حرکت براونی و ترموفرسیس استفاده شده است. حرکت براونی و ترموفرسیس به ترتیب تحت اثرات گرادیان کسر حجمی و گرادیان دما بوجود می‌آیند که سبب بوجود آمدن لغزش میان نانوذرات و سیال پایه می‌شوند؛ بنابراین، نوعی ناهمگنی در رفتار میان نانوذرات و سیال پایه بوجود می‌آید. این ناهمگنی منجر به اثرات قابل توجهی در نتایج مدل‌سازی دو‌فازی می‌شود که تطابق بهتری نسبت به مدل‌سازی تک‌فازی با نتایج تجربی ایجاد می‌کند. نتایج نشان می‌دهند که با افزایش قطر و مقدار کسر حجمی نانوذرات انتقال حرات کاهش می‌یابد. همچنین، اثر قطر نانوذرات بر جریان و انتقال حرارت محسوس است. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - مدلی برای بررسی انتقال حرارت در یک محفظه با استفاده از نانو آئروسل
نوید قاجاری داود طغرایی احمدرضا عظیمیان

در این پژوهش به بررسی رفتار نانوذرات با استفاده از یک مدل عددی پرداخته شده است. برای این مطالعه از مدل فازهای مجزا برای بررسی انتقال حرارت جابجایی آزاد و ترکیبی در یک محفظه مستطیلی شکل با ابعاد 1×4 سانتیمتر مربع با استفاده از نانوآئروسل هنگامی که نانوذرات مس در هو More

در این پژوهش به بررسی رفتار نانوذرات با استفاده از یک مدل عددی پرداخته شده است. برای این مطالعه از مدل فازهای مجزا برای بررسی انتقال حرارت جابجایی آزاد و ترکیبی در یک محفظه مستطیلی شکل با ابعاد 1×4 سانتیمتر مربع با استفاده از نانوآئروسل هنگامی که نانوذرات مس در هوا در جریان است، استفاده ‌شده است و با تغییر در اختلاف دما در دیواره گرم و سرد، تاثیر آن را بر میزان انتقال حرارت بررسی شده است. شبیه سازی فوق شامل شبیه سازی جریان دو بعدی و آرام است و حالت شار ثابت بر روی 2 وجه جانبی در جابجایی آزاد و دمای ثابت بر روی وجه بالایی(صفحه سرد) با دمای 300 کلوین در نظر گرفته شد و دما در وجه پایینی (صفحه گرم) در سه حالت 350، 400 و 450 کلوین مقایسه شد. توزیع دما، بردار سرعت، شار حرارت سطح و عدد ناسلت در طول مسیر بررسی شده است. Manuscript profile

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47 - شبیه سازی جریان گالیوم در یک قالب حلقوی در حضور میدان مغناطیسی به منظور بهبود فرآیند ریخته‌گری
مسعود افرند مسعود کثیری

وجود جریان جابجایی آزاد درون محفظه‌ای که از یک مذاب در حال انجماد پر شده است باعث پدیدار شدن یک ساختار غیر همگن و درشت دانه در محصول نهایی می‌گردد. با اعمال میدان مغناطیسی مناسب بر مذاب درون محفظه، جریان جابجایی آزاد کاهش یافته و یک ساختار ریز دانه و همگن در محصول نهایی More

وجود جریان جابجایی آزاد درون محفظه‌ای که از یک مذاب در حال انجماد پر شده است باعث پدیدار شدن یک ساختار غیر همگن و درشت دانه در محصول نهایی می‌گردد. با اعمال میدان مغناطیسی مناسب بر مذاب درون محفظه، جریان جابجایی آزاد کاهش یافته و یک ساختار ریز دانه و همگن در محصول نهایی بوجود می آید. در این تحقیق، با استفاده از روش حجم محدود، به بررسی عددی تأثیر اعمال یک میدان مغناطیسی بر جریان جابجایی آزاد و میدان دما در حالت دائم و آرام درون یک حلقه طویل، که گالیم مذاب در فضای بین دو استوانه افقی هم محور قرار دارد پرداخته شده است. دیواره‌های خارجی و داخلی حلقه به ترتیب دارای دمای سرد و گرم هستند. اثر قدرت میدان مغناطیسی بر میدان جریان و میدان دما، تأثیر تغییرات پارامترهای مختلف دیگری نظیر عدد رایلی، زاویة اعمال میدان مغناطیسی و نسبت شعاع های داخلی و خارجی حلقه بر میدان جریان و میدان دما مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با مایل کردن میدان معناطیسی نسبت به افق مقدار عدد ناسلت افزایش یافت که این افزایش در بازه ای خاص از اعداد هارتمن محسوس تر است. همچنین با افزایش عدد رایلی روند تغییر عدد ناسلت برحسب قدرت میدان مغناطیسی تغییری نمی‌کند. Manuscript profile

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48 - کاربرد روش تبدیل دیفرانسیل در بررسی تأثیر بستر ارتجاعی برجابجایی خارج از صفحه ورق مدور تابعی
سمیه عباسی فاطمه فرهت نیا سعید رسولی جزی

روش تبدیل دیفرانسیلی یک تکنیک حل نیمه تحلیلی- عددی است که با استفاده از آن، معادلات دیفرانسیل حاکم بر ورق به روابط بازگشتی تبدیل شده و شرایط مرزی به معادلات جبری تبدیل میشوند. در این مطالعه ورق بر روی بستر ارتجاعی از نوع وینکلر قرار گرفته است. ورق از جنس مواد تابعی More

روش تبدیل دیفرانسیلی یک تکنیک حل نیمه تحلیلی- عددی است که با استفاده از آن، معادلات دیفرانسیل حاکم بر ورق به روابط بازگشتی تبدیل شده و شرایط مرزی به معادلات جبری تبدیل میشوند. در این مطالعه ورق بر روی بستر ارتجاعی از نوع وینکلر قرار گرفته است. ورق از جنس مواد تابعی است؛ به طوری که خواص آن در راستای ضخامت بر اساس مدل توانی تغییر میکند. نتایج تحلیل جابهجایی خارج از صفحه ورق تابعی بر روی بستر ارتجاعی تحت بارگذاری گسترده یکنواخت، به ازای مقادیر مختلفی از سفتی بستر ارتجاعی، توان ماده تابعی و شرایط مرزی به دست آمده است. به منظور نشان دادن دقت روش تبدیل دیفرانسیلی و تأیید نتایج حاصل از آن، پاسخ ها با نتایج روش اجزا محدود مقایسه شده که تطابق خوبی مشاهده شده است. Manuscript profile

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49 - بررسی انتقال حرارت نانوسیال در کانال با مقطع مثلثی با دو وجه شارثابت و یک وجه دماثابت
محمدامیر آقانجفی بابک مهماندوست

مساله بررسی عددی انتقال حرارت در کانال با مقطع مثلث متساویالاضلاع با قطر هیدرولیکی 8 میلیمتر، طول 1 متر با استفاده از نانوسیال آب-اکسیدمس، در 2 قطر 20 و80  نانومتری و کسرحجمی 1، 2 و 4 درصد، ابتدا در حالت شار  ثابت در هر 3 وجه کانال و سپس حالت شارثابت More

مساله بررسی عددی انتقال حرارت در کانال با مقطع مثلث متساویالاضلاع با قطر هیدرولیکی 8 میلیمتر، طول 1 متر با استفاده از نانوسیال آب-اکسیدمس، در 2 قطر 20 و80  نانومتری و کسرحجمی 1، 2 و 4 درصد، ابتدا در حالت شار  ثابت در هر 3 وجه کانال و سپس حالت شارثابت بر روی 2 وجه و دمای ثابت بر روی وجه کف(صفحه داغ) میباشد. نانوسیال بصورت تکفازی در نظر گرفته میشود. در تکنولوژی نانو، اولین اثر کاهش اندازه ذرات، افزایش سطح است. افزایش نسبت سطح به حجم نانوذرات باعث میشود که اتم های واقع در سطح، اثر بسیار بیشتری نسبت به اتم های درون حجم ذرات، بر خواص فیزیکی ذرات داشته باشند. همچنین ترکیب نانوذرات با سیال، بواسطه حرکت براونی نانوذرات و اثر خوشهای آنها، موجب افزایش ضریب هدایت گرمایی و ضریب انتقال حرارت جابجایی سیال میشود. از آنجا که در بحث انتقال حرارت، افزایش ضریب انتقال حرارت جابجایی به تنهایی کافی نبوده و عدد ناسلت نیز باید بررسی شود. در این  پایاننامه سعی کردیم هر دو پارامتر را در کنار هم بررسی کنیم. رژیم جریان آرام در نظر گرفته شده است. ضریب انتقال حرارت جابجایی و عدد ناسلت، تاثیر قطر نانوذرات بر میزان انتقال حرارت، تاثیر کسرحجمی نانوذرات بر ماکزیمم سرعت در مقطع عرضی  بررسی شده است. Manuscript profile

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50 - Investigating the Effect of Perceived Service Quality on Customer Loyalty Mediated by Customer Satisfaction and Corporate Image with Regard to the Role of Moderating the switching costs (Case Study: Sina Bank Branches in Mashhad)
Ahmad Tavakoli azar kafashpour Hossein Nikoo

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of variables, perceived service quality, corporate image and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty With Regard to the Role of Moderating the switching costs. This study is applicable and descriptive analytic su More

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of variables, perceived service quality, corporate image and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty With Regard to the Role of Moderating the switching costs. This study is applicable and descriptive analytic survey. The population of this survey is Sina bank branches in Mashhad and a sample size of 285 persons was determined with regard to the structural equation modeling. Questionnaires were sent to 350 customers but only 295 of them were usable. Structural equation modeling, SPSS.v22 and AMOS.v22 software are used to data analysis. Findings revealed, only the assumption that was the role of moderator of these switching costs in the relationship between corporate image and customer loyalty rejected but other assumptions were confirmed. The most important factor is customer satisfaction (coefficient of 0.38) and the effect of corporate image and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty is positive and significant. In addition, the role of intermediary company image and customer satisfaction were examined so that the results confirmed the role of mediating of these variables. Manuscript profile

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51 - The effect of dexamethasone on serum concentration of some biochemical parameters in dairy cows with LDA
علی Hassanpour ابوالفضل Jodeiri حمید Mirzaie

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on clinical healing and serum concentration of some biochemical parameters in dairy cows with LDA. 20 dairy cows with LDA were diagnosed and theywere divided into control (10 cows) and treatment g More

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on clinical healing and serum concentration of some biochemical parameters in dairy cows with LDA. 20 dairy cows with LDA were diagnosed and theywere divided into control (10 cows) and treatment groups (10 cows). Operation was carried out and antibiotic wasused in two groups and, in treatment group dexamethasone 0.5 mg.kg was injected once. All cows were examinedand their blood samples were drawn before and fve days after operation. The level of BHBA, ALT, AST, GGT andcalcium in serum samples were measured. After operation, the appetite and defecation returned to normal. In bothgroups, rumen movement increased that was signifcant in treatment group (P<0.05). In treatment group, beforeand after the operation mean serum level of BHBA were 1.24±0.07 and 0.88±0.06 mmol/l, glucose 29.22±2.66 and32.84±2.63 mg/dl, AST 127.57± 7.1 and 97.09±7.46 U/L, ALT 39.68=1.88.7.1 and 22.15±1.82. There was a signifcant difference between means (p= 0.001, p=0.005, p=0.002, p= 0.000, respectively). There was no signifcantdifference between GGT and Ca means. In control group there was no signifcant difference between means. Inconclusion, Injection of dexamothasone after the operation in cows with LDA increases serum level of glucose anddecrease BHBA and liver enzymes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - the relstionship between social and cultural amenity on the tendency of spatial to move in five selected areas of tehran
fatemeh heydarjamaat mansor sharifi Ali Baghaei Sarabi

The Amenities can be defined in terms of the opportunities that a city provide to its..amenity is one of the dynamic of urban spaces that can provide the basis of urban health for sustainable urban development.accordingly the purpose of this article is to analyze the ro More

The Amenities can be defined in terms of the opportunities that a city provide to its..amenity is one of the dynamic of urban spaces that can provide the basis of urban health for sustainable urban development.accordingly the purpose of this article is to analyze the role of urban amenity from a social and cultural point of view of the tendency of citizens to movespatially in five selected areas of Tehran. For this purpose, 1103 citizens of districts two, seven, the, nineteen and twenty-one Tehran were selected using cluster sampling method. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionaire. spss software was used for analysis. Pearson correlation was used to show the relationship between demographic factors and social-cultural amenity factor analysis method and was used for qualitive differences and logistic regression was used to indicate the tendancy shift. Based on the Findings the social – cultural amenity of the city along with demographic correlations such as age, sex, education, income and length of stay in the study areas have a significant correlation with age, education, income and inverse relationship with the length of stay in the place of residence of the respondents. this means that the longer the stay the less there will be a tendency to move. the results obtained from the factor load showed that the value of the amenity index increases with age and the importance of amenity varies among the educational groups, womaen and men, income. the results of logistic regression analysis showed that demographic variables have a significant effect and and socio- cultural amenity is inversely related to the tendency of people to move in the five regions . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - The relstionship between social and cultural amenity of the city and spatial displacement
فاطمه حیدرجماعت منصور شریفی علی بقائی سرابی

The Amenities can be defined in terms of the opportunities that a city provide to its citizens. Amenity is one of the dynamic of urban spaces that can provide the basis of urban health for sustainable urban development.accordingly the purpose of this article is to analy More

The Amenities can be defined in terms of the opportunities that a city provide to its citizens. Amenity is one of the dynamic of urban spaces that can provide the basis of urban health for sustainable urban development.accordingly the purpose of this article is to analyze the role of urban amenity from a social and cultural  point of view of the tendency of citizens to movespatially in five selected areas of Tehran. For this purpose, 1103 citizens of districts two, seven, the, nineteen and twenty-one  Tehran were selected using cluster sampling method. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionaire. spss software was used for analysis.  Pearson correlation was used to show the relationship between demographic factors and social-cultural amenity factor analysis method and was used for qualitive differences and  logistic regression was used to indicate the tendancy shift. Based on the Findings the social – cultural amenity of the city along with demographic correlations such as age, sex, education, income and length of stay in the study areas have a significant correlation with age, education, income and inverse relationship with the length of stay in the place of residence of the respondents. this means that the longer the stay the less there will be a tendency to move. the results obtained from the factor load showed that the value of the amenity index increases with age and the importance of amenity varies among the educational groups, womaen and men, income.  the results of logistic regression analysis showed that  demographic variables have a significant effect and  and socio- cultural amenity is inversely related to the  tendency of people to move in the five regions . Manuscript profile

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