Grain yield

Open Access Article

1 - Effect of planting dates ,seed rates and row spacing on grain yield and yield components of a lentil (Lens culinaris) genotype in Northern Khorasan dry land condition.
Seyed Morteza Azimzadeh

To study the effect of planting dates, seed rates and row spacing on grain yield and yield components of a lentil genotype (Filip 92– 12L), an experiment was conducted in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan during 2008 cropping season. The experiment was More

To study the effect of planting dates, seed rates and row spacing on grain yield and yield components of a lentil genotype (Filip 92– 12L), an experiment was conducted in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan during 2008 cropping season. The experiment was performed as split factorial on the basis of randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Planting dates were autumn and spring which located in main plot. Seed rates included, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 seed per square meter and each seed rate planted in four row spacing of 15, 20, 25 and 30 centimeters. Seed rates and row spacing located in sub plots as factorial. Recorded traits were, biological yield, grain yield, thousand kernel weights, number of pod per plant and number of seed per plant. Results showed that the highest number of pod per plant (19) and The highest number of seed per plant (22) produced in seed rate of 250 seed/m2 and row distance of 15 cm. Seed yield in row distance of 15 cm and seed densities of 250 and 300 seed/m2 in were respectively 1130 and 1200 kg/h and the most biological yield obtained from row distance of 15 cm and seed rate of 300 seed/m2. In terms of planting date, the highest seed yield was observed in seed rate of 250 seed/m2 in autumn planting. According to the results, seed rate of 250 seed/m2 with row spacing of 15 cm is advisable for autumn or spring planting of lentil and totally autumn planting is more suitable. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The effect of sowing date on yield and its components of safflower genotypes under Urmia climatic conditions
علیرضا عیوضی

To investigate the effects of planting date of safflower genotypes under Urmia climatic conditions, an experiment was conducted in 2009-10. A factorial experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Blocks Design with four replications. Four sowing date (April 21, May More

To investigate the effects of planting date of safflower genotypes under Urmia climatic conditions, an experiment was conducted in 2009-10. A factorial experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Blocks Design with four replications. Four sowing date (April 21, May 5, May 21, June 5) and five genotypes (IL-111, S-541, PI-250536, PI-250537, Syprus bregun) were established levels as second factors. Results of analyses of variance showed that the effect of planting date were significantly differenct for traits of grain yield, number of grain per boll, number of bolls per plant, harvest index and oil grain percentage. The grain yield of first, second, third and fourth sowing dates were 223.12, 197.65, 185.71 and 173.99 gr/m2, respectively. The highest fertile boll, kernel per boll and 1000-kernel weight were allocated for PI-250537, S-541 and Syprus bregun genotypes in the first planting date, respectively. Interaction between planting date and genotype on lateral branch, total dry matter, grain yield, number of bolls per plant, number of grain per boll, harvest index, oil percentage and 1000-kernel weight were meaningful (P 0.01). Correlation coefficients between traits showed that there were positive significant differences for number of grain per boll with grain yield. Based on these results, early spring planting date will be move suitable than other dilatory planting. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effect of exogenous abscisic acid and cytokinin on wheat (Triticum aestivum)
سیف الله کیا چهارباغي

CK and ABA not only regulate the process of senescence, but also have major roles in the formation of sink and source strength capacity. This study carried out to determine effect of exogenous application of ck and ABA(100Mm ) at the 9 levels : 1 - Control, 2 - CK at th More

CK and ABA not only regulate the process of senescence, but also have major roles in the formation of sink and source strength capacity. This study carried out to determine effect of exogenous application of ck and ABA(100Mm ) at the 9 levels : 1 - Control, 2 - CK at the time of appearance, 3 - CK 14 days after its spike emergence 4 - ABA at the time of appearance 5 - ABA 14 days after its spike emergence, 6 - CK at the time of appearance and ABA 14 days after its spike emergence, 7 - ABA at the time of appearance and CK 14 days after its spike emergence, 8 - ABA at the time of 1 and 14 days after its spike emergence, 9 - CK at the time of 1 and 14 days after its spike emergence , on some aspects in different steps of wheat growth in using a Randomized complete Block design(RCBD) with three replications in experimental field of Islamic Azad university of Karaj branch in growing season 1387- 88. Results showed that when these plant growth regulators applied at different stages of spike appearance and 14 days after its spike emergence , grain yield, harvest index (HI), 1000 grain weight, were meaning fully influenced by the exogenous application of the two regulators. The highest grain yield (738.09 gr/m2) one related to exogenous application of CK at the time of spike emergence . The highest hardest index and number grain spike is related to the exogenous application of CK at both time ( 1 and 2 ). the highest 1000 grain weight is related to the exogenous application of CK at the time of appearance and ABA 14 days after its spike emergence respectively. The results of the study showed that exogenous application of CK at cell division and ABA at grain filling on stage in grain growth phase may significantly improve grain yield. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Effect of Tillage Direction and Straw Mulch on Precipitation Use Efficiency in Wheat Rainfed Land in a Semi-Arid Region
Alireza Vaezi Samira Rezaeipour Mohammad Babaakbari Fereshteh Azarifam

Background and aim: Soil properties and management methods can affect plant growth and crop yield in agricultural areas. Rainfed agriculture is a dominant farming type in the world, which covers about 80% of the world's cultivated land and about 67 % of agricultural lan More

Background and aim: Soil properties and management methods can affect plant growth and crop yield in agricultural areas. Rainfed agriculture is a dominant farming type in the world, which covers about 80% of the world's cultivated land and about 67 % of agricultural lands in Iran. Most of rainfed lands are in slope areas and tilled along slope, an incorrect method which accelerates water erosion. Controlling soil erosion and storing precipitation water in soil is the first step to conserve soil and water resources and increasing crop yield in rainfed lands. The change of tillage direction from along slope to contour line and maintaining crop residues can affect water loss, Precipitation use efficiency (PUE) and crop yield in rainfed areas. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of tillage direction and wheat straw mulch on water loss, crop yield and precipitation used efficiency in a winter wheat rainfed land. Methods: The study was carried out in a rainfed lands with sandy loam soil under a slope of 10% in west of Zanjan, North West of Iran. field experiments were conducted at two tillage direction: along slope and contour line, and five wheat straw mulch application levels (control, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) with three replications. Precipitation data (height, duration and intensity) was taken from the Agricultural Meteorological Station located in the University of Zanjan, about 800 m from the study field. Winter wheat was cultivated at the plots early autumn and harvested early summer. Water loss from the plots was measured for each rainfall event resulting runoff at the plots during nine months growth period. Wheat grain yield was determined for each plot and accordingly precipitation use efficiency (PUE) in kg/ha.mm was computed based on wheat grain yield (kg/ha) per effective precipitation during growth period (mm). Soil properties and winter straw mulch characteristics were determined using the conventional methods in the lab and the variance analysis was used for determination of independent effect of tillage direction and straw mulch level and interactions between the two factors. Results: Eighty-two precipitation events were occurred in the area during a 9 months winter wheat growth period, which rainfalls included 88% from it. Most of rainfalls occurred in October that resulted most water loss at the plots. Water loss at the plots tilled contour line was 14% lower than the plots tilled along slope. However, water loss between the two tillage directions was no significant, whereas wheat grain yield as well as PUE were significantly affected by tillage direction. Straw mulch considerably affected on water loss, wheat grain yield and PUE. An obvious decrease was found in water loss with increasing in straw mulch level. The lowest water loss among different mulch levels was in 100% mulch level for the two tillage directions (63% for along slope tillage and 64% for contour line tillage). Significant interaction of the two factors was observed just for wheat grain yield. The highest wheat grain yield was in 75% mulch level which was about 27% (2.04 ton/ha) and 34% (2.45 ton/ha) bigger than control treatment, respectively. The highest PUE was also in 75% mulch level both in along slope tillage (7.2 kg/ha.mm) and contour line tillage (8.6 kg/ha.mm), which was 27% and 34% higher than control treatment, respectively. Conclusion: Results show the precipitation use efficiency (PUE) is an improper index for evaluation of the role of precipitation in crop production in wheat rainfed lands. This index can be affected by both tillage direction and wheat straw mulch application in rainfed lands. These two management methods are independent factors which affects strongly on the wheat grain yield and in consequence on the PUE. The change of tillage direction from along slope to contour line along and application of 75% mulch level (equal to 4.5 ton/ha) are proper strategies for conservation of soil and water and improving the utilization of precipitation in wheat rainfed lands. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The effect of plant density and nitrogen levels on the yield and yield components of maizecultivar (KSC 700) in moderate region of Kermanshah.
فرهاد صادقی

In order to evaluate the effect of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of maize cultivar (KSC 700), an experiment was conducted with four plots (69, 77, 85 and 93 thousand plant ha-1 ) and three sub-plot (150, 250 and 350 nitroge More

In order to evaluate the effect of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of maize cultivar (KSC 700), an experiment was conducted with four plots (69, 77, 85 and 93 thousand plant ha-1 ) and three sub-plot (150, 250 and 350 nitrogen kg ha-1). The research was carried out in split plot experiment based on RCBD with 3 replications in research station of Islam Abad. The measured traits were included plant height and ear, seed number per row, row number per ear, 100 seed weight, seed weight per plant, ear weight and grain yield. Analysis of variance indicated that the effect of plat density was significant on 100 seed weight and ear weight at probability level of 1% and for plant height, the number of seeds per row, row number and grain yield per plant at 5% probability level. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer was meaningful on weight traits at 1% probability level for 100 seed weight, number of seeds per row, grain yield per plant at 5% probability level. The grain yield of four plant density had 9441, 12050, 10740 and 8098 kg ha-1 , and nitrogen fertilizer had 9362, 10140 kg ha-1, respectively. The treatment of 77000 pha-1 X 350 kgha-1 of nitrogen was significant at five percent level for more characters such as number of kernels per row, number of rows, seed weight and seed grain yield with 43.3, 18.5, 32.2 gr and 12870 kgha-1, respectively. Also grain yield of 77000 pha-1 X 250 kgha-1 on nitrogen treatment was better than the other treatments with 12260 kgha-1 . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Effect of Plant Density and Weed Control Methods on Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics and Yield of Kidney Bean
محمد كاظم عليلو

An appropriate plant density and weed control method is highly influential factor in the production of kidney beans with high yield. To examine the effects of plant density and weed control methods on vegetative and reproductive characteristics and yield of kidney beans More

An appropriate plant density and weed control method is highly influential factor in the production of kidney beans with high yield. To examine the effects of plant density and weed control methods on vegetative and reproductive characteristics and yield of kidney beans, the Research Center of Agriculture in Khoy –W. Azarbaijan conducted a factorial experiment in the form of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications from 2018 to 2019. In this study plant density at three levels of 20, 25 and 30 plants per square meter, and weed control methods at four levels of non-control, selective herbicide (bentazon ), manual control and application of general herbicide (paraquat) were chosen. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between plant density and weed control methods and lateral branches, number of pods per plant , grain yield, biological yield and protein yield; however there was no meaningful relationship between plant density and weed control methods and other characteristics such as plant height and the percentage of grain protein. The highest grain and biological yield were obtained at a planting density of 30 plants per square meter and manual weeding; afterwards, the manual weeding was followed at 3391 and 15275 kg/ha respectively and the highest percentage of grain protein at a density of 20 plants per square meter together with manual weeding was obtained at the level up to 24.8 %. The results also indicated that the manual control method was relatively effective and proved to be better than all other methods, with the consequence that herbicides by themselves were not effective in controlling weeds of kidney beans. Production of grain yield with a maximum density of 30 plants per square meter indicated that a positive response of kidney beans to the high density of the plants. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Improvement of Physiological Growth Indices and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) by Replacing some of Nitrogen with Phosphorus under Moisture Stress
Farasat Sadeghi Mohammad Ali Aboutalebian

10.30495/jcep.2019.666246

To study some growth indices of soybean under moisture stress by replacing nitrogen with phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Bu-Ali Sina University during the 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was carried out in a split-factori More

To study some growth indices of soybean under moisture stress by replacing nitrogen with phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Bu-Ali Sina University during the 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was carried out in a split-factorial arrangement of treatments based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of three levels of irrigations (irrigating after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan). Two levels of nitrogen replacement with phosphorus and without replacement and two levels of phosphorus replacement and without phosphorus replacement assigned to subplots. The results showed that simultaneous replacing of nitrogen and phosphorus in all irrigation levels increased physiological growth indices of leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate. Moisture stress reduced growth rate of the crop significantly. Results also showed that crop growth rate increased 35 to 45 days after planting and reached to its maximum level after 65 days after planting date. After this period, the crop growth rate of soybean decreased and reached to zero about 95-100 days after planting. The highest dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate were obtained from irrigation after 60 mm evaporation and nitrogen-phosphorus simultaneous placement application. According to the results, simultaneous replacing nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced the negative effect of moisture stress on soybean growth indices. Nitrogen replacement with phosphorus increased grain yield by 11.4% as compared to non-replacement of nitrogen with phosphorus and yielded 3855.88 kg.ha-1. In this research, nitrogen replacement with phosphorus under irrigation after 90 mm evaporation prevented significant oil yield loss as compared to irrigation after 60 mm evaporation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Effects of Planting Pattern on Morphophiysiological Characteristics and Yield and Yield Components of Sweet and Super Sweet Corn Varieties (Zea mays L. var. saccarata)
آتنا Rahmani M. Nasrolah alhossini S. Khavari Khorasani A. Khalili Torghabeh

Considering the importance of sweet corn as a new food product, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of planting pattern on some important morphophiyziological characteristics and yield and yield components of sweet and super sweet corn (Zea Mays L. var. sac More

Considering the importance of sweet corn as a new food product, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of planting pattern on some important morphophiyziological characteristics and yield and yield components of sweet and super sweet corn (Zea Mays L. var. saccharata) varieties in Agricultural Research and Natural Resources of Khorasan Razavi Province, Mashhad, Iran in 2011. In this study three methods of planting (one and two raised bed and furrow planting) and three varieties sweet corn (Chase, Temptation, KSC403su) and one super sweet corn (Challenger) were studied in factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The result of ANOVA showed that sweet corn hybrids had significant differences in kernel depth, conservable grain yield and ear harvest index. It also showed that number of leaves per plant, number of leaves above ear, stem diameter, ear diameter, kernel depth, conservable grain yield and forage yield, were significantly different among three levels of planting patterns. The maximum main of these characters was belonging to two-raised bed planting pattern. In addition, the highest conservable grain yield was belonged to Challenger in two raised bed planting pattern with 25.76 ton/ha and highest fresh foliage yield was 48.6 ton/ha which belonged to Chase on one raised bed planting method. The highest ear harvest index belonged to Chase on two-raised bed planting pattern. Finally, the result showed that two raised bed planting pattern and Challenger with highest conservable grain yield trait could be used to increase sweet corn yield. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Simultaneous effects of silica nanoparticles, potassium, biological and nitrogen chemical fertilizers on the absorption of some elements and yield of rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)
mehrdad Ghasemi Lemraski Hamid Madani Nasibe Rezvan talab salman dastan

In order to investigate the effect of silica and potassium nanoparticles and nitrogen levels in two native and improved rice varieties, a field experiment was conducted in Sari city in 2014. The experiment was split-factorial in a randomized complete block design with t More

In order to investigate the effect of silica and potassium nanoparticles and nitrogen levels in two native and improved rice varieties, a field experiment was conducted in Sari city in 2014. The experiment was split-factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Two native cultivars of local and improved Tarom Hashemi were considered as main factor and nitrogen fertilizer in three levels including 35 and 70 kg of urea per hectare with biological fertilizer nitroxin (without fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer) and nanoparticles in three levels of nanosilicon spraying, Potassium and their lack of use (control) were considered as a sub-factor as factorial. The results indicated that cultivar of Tarom Hashemi produced the maximum grain yield (5000 kg ha-1) with 70 kg of nitrogen and nanopotassium. For local Tarom cultivar, the highest yield of rice (4657 kg ha-1) was obtained by consuming 35 kg of nitrogen and nanopotassium. The highest concentration of silica was obtained by using nanosilica. The highest nitrogen and potassium concentrations were obtained with 70 kg N ha-1. For each cultivar, the highest concentration of potassium potassium was obtained using 70 kg of nitrogen plus nanoparticulate and nano-silica. Therefore, the use of nanoparticles in both cultivars increased the quantitative and qualitative yield of rice. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Evaluation of the response of rice cultivars in some functional and physiological traits using different nutritional sources (chemical, organic) under drought stress conditions
Jaber Mehdiniya afra Yousef Niknejad Hormoz Fallah Amoli Davood Barari Tari

10.30495/ijpp.2022.1897616.1217

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Effects of Azosprilium and Cytokinins Hormone on Physiological Traits of Corn ( Zea Mays L. )
ساسان بشيري

In order to study the effects of Azosprilium and Cytokinins Hormone on the physiological traits of corn ( Zea Mays L. ), an experiment was conducted in Agriculture Research Farm of Miandoab during the farming season of 2014. Experimental factors were Azospirilium in thr More

In order to study the effects of Azosprilium and Cytokinins Hormone on the physiological traits of corn ( Zea Mays L. ), an experiment was conducted in Agriculture Research Farm of Miandoab during the farming season of 2014. Experimental factors were Azospirilium in three levels ( control, 8 and 25g ) and cytokinins hormone in three levels ( control, 100 milligrams per liter, 200 mg/liter ). Factorial design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Results showed that the use of Azosprilium had significant effect on leaf weight, cob weight, seed number per row, biological yield, grain yield, grain phosphor and oil. Except for cob weight, cytokinin had significant impact on all understudied traits. Interaction of azosprilium and cytokinin had also considerable effect on leaf weight, cob weight grain number per row, 1000-kernel weight, biological and grain yield and chlorophyll content. The comparison of azosprilium level mean showed that level of 25 grams produced highest amount of cob weight, grain number per row, biological yield, grain yield, and chlorophyll content. Cytokinins treatment level of 100 mg/liter brought about the highest amount of leaf weight, cob diameters, grain yield, and chlorophyll content. Furthermore, interaction between azosprilium and cytokinins treatment 25 grams azosprilium combined with 100 mg/liter showed the highest leaf weight, cob weight, grain number per row , grain yield, and chlorophyll content. Therefore, the use of these compounds can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer and economic pressure on farmers and also can diminish the environmental pollution. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Effect of Transplanting Time on Yield and Yield Components of Seed Corn in Kermanshah
فرهاد صادقی

To reduce water consumption in corn fields, and increase production and maintain the corn crop area of the province, a project was conducted as split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of cultivars and More

To reduce water consumption in corn fields, and increase production and maintain the corn crop area of the province, a project was conducted as split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of cultivars and subplots in different times on transplantation with direct seed culture of these cultivars. Agronomic traits were measured including plant height, ear height, stem diameter, number of days to emergence of pollen and silk tasseled , number of days to reaching physiology, number of rows of seeds and seeds per row, 1000 seed weight, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. The results showed that the grain yield of KSC 704 and KSC 400 was 10330 and 9506, respectively, and the yield of KSC 260 was 7784 kg / ha. The highest grain yield was obtained from KSC 704, the two-week of transplanting corn seedling with 11640 kg/ha-1 . The average yield of cultivars × five weeks of seedling transplantation with 6597 kg/ ha -1 , which showed the most suitable transfer time of maize transplant was 3 weeks age or 21 days, which were 10 days earlier and had the highest grain yield and therefore are recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Evaluation of palnting season and plant density on yield and yield component of lentil(cv.Gchsaran) in dryland condition
payam pezeshkpour

In or order to determine optimum seed density and sowing time of lentil (lens culinaris medic.) in khoramabad city, this study was conducted in 2008-2009 growing seasons. There were five seed density levels 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 seed/m 2 , and two sowing seasons: A More

In or order to determine optimum seed density and sowing time of lentil (lens culinaris medic.) in khoramabad city, this study was conducted in 2008-2009 growing seasons. There were five seed density levels 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 seed/m 2 , and two sowing seasons: Autumn and spring seasons traits such as grain yield, biological yield, pod and grain numbers per square meter, single seed per square meter; double seed per square meter were recorded. After harvesting, 100 grain-weight, grain yield and biological yield were measured and recorded. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of sowing dates on grain yield, biological yield, pod and grain numbers per square meter, single seed per square meter; double seed per square meter, were significant. Autumn sowing date significantly increased grain and biological yield, harvest index, pod and grain numbers per square meter. Different plant density effects were also significant on grain yield The highest grain yield belonged to 350 seed per m2 (1600 kg/ha-1) and autumn sowing time. (1575 kg/ha-1). These results recommend that in dry land conditions of lorestan lentil are to be grown as autumn crop with 300 seed per m2. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Investigation of water deficit and physical seed priming effects on some morphophysiological traits and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)
Farhad Farahvash Reza Siyami Bahram Mirshekari Varahram Rashidi Alireza Tarinejad

To investigate the physical seed priming of maize under water deficit, a split plot experiment based on completely randomized block design with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2014. Main More

To investigate the physical seed priming of maize under water deficit, a split plot experiment based on completely randomized block design with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2014. Main plots consisted of two irrigation levels (control and water deficit respectively 70 and 110 mm evaporations from class A pan) and sub plots of eleven levels of physical priming (gamma and beta rays with fixed velocity of two micro curie, laser with continuous wave He-Ne with wavelength 6328 angstrom, magnetic field with 40 Mt and ultrasonic waves with maximum 3 wat/cm2 in 5 and 10 minutes along with control, without any treatment). Based on the results obtained, grain yield and leaf area index decreased by 18.5 and 23% respectively under drought stress condition in comparison with normal irrigation (70 mm evaporation from the pan). Proline concentration of leaves increased under drought stress by 38% as compared with control treatment. The highest leaf area indices by using magnetic field and 5 minutes laser and gamma irradiations obtained to be 3.95. The highest grain yield belonged to treatment of 5 and 10 minutes of magnetic field and to treatments of 5 minutes gamma and laser irradiations. Increasing treatment time from 5 to10 minutes, of gamma and laser irradiations decreased grain yield by 20 and 17%, respectively. It can be concluded that physical seed priming by magnetic field, gamma and laser irradiations for short times can be recommended for higher grain yields. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Influence of Weed Densities and Different Nitrogen Levels on Leaf Area Index (LAI) of Corn and Red Root Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)
Ali Vahedi Zohre Bakhshai Rasoul Fakhari

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Investigation of fertilization of Iron, Zinc and Boron and two different irrigation regimes on Soybean field characteristics
A. M. Alijani J. Daneshian S. Seifzadeh A. H. Shiranirad

       In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of Iron, Zinc and Boron micronutrient elements on two different irrigation regimes on soybean characteristics of M9 cultivar, a RCB design was conducted with 8 treatments in 3 More

       In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of Iron, Zinc and Boron micronutrient elements on two different irrigation regimes on soybean characteristics of M9 cultivar, a RCB design was conducted with 8 treatments in 3 replications. The experiments were done in Aleshtar, Lorestan province of Iran during two growing years between 2014 to 2016 in two separate experiments. The first irrigation was carried out after 50 mm from the pan and in the second experiment after irrigation after 100 mm from the pan. The investigated factor were micronutrient elements including micronutrient spraying, micronutrient spraying of Zinc, Iron, Boron, Zinc& Iron, Boron + Iron, Boron + Zinc and Zinc + Iron + Boron. The results showed that irrigation effect on plant height, number of nodes, number of pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, oil yield and grain yield were significant at 1% probability level. The effect of foliar application of micronutrient elements on plant height, number of nodes, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight and grain yield at 1% probability level and significant number of lateral branches at 5% probability level were significant. The highest grain yield was obtained from irrigation treatments after 50 millimeters from the pan and the addition of Zinc, Iron and Boron micronutrients, with a mean of 2561 kg ha-1, and the lowest grain yield related to treatment after 100 mm of pan and lack of foliar application of micronutrient elements with an average of 1086 kg ha-1.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Investig ation of sink – source relations in different planting systems rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Fajr cultivar
S. A. Sadeghi S. Ghanbari H. R. Mobasser E. Rahimi Petroudi

Inorder to investijation the effect of source and sink relationship and the planting systems in the rice of Fajr cultivar, an experiment performed in the rice investigations institute of researches center in Amol at 2010. This experiment performed as split plot with 3 r More

Inorder to investijation the effect of source and sink relationship and the planting systems in the rice of Fajr cultivar, an experiment performed in the rice investigations institute of researches center in Amol at 2010. This experiment performed as split plot with 3 replication. Different planting system including three levels (traditional planting, improved planting and SRI planting) were cutting in main plots and 3 levels of sink- source relations (omitting)1/3  panicle, omitting flag leaf and control in flowering) were allocated in sub plots.                 maximum grain yield(873/9 gram at m2) produced under system of improved planting. Grain yield has significant increasing in the improved planting compared to traditional and or SRI planting to 18/3% and 25/1 % respectively; because maximum and minimum number of empty spikelet in the panicle obtained respectively for SRI and improved planting systems. Minimum number of empty spikelet in the per panicle producedin cutting of 1/3 panicle that has significant decrease in comparision to control at 39/5 ratio that showing limitation of photo synthesis source in the fair cultivar. Number of empty spikelet at ten panical obtained by cutting of flag leaf have increased about 7/3% compared with control that showing importance of filled in spikelet the flag leaf. Grain yield decreased about 16/4% by cutting flag leaf compared to control. Treatment Intraction effect of different planting systems with source- sink relations was significant only on the number of empty spikelet on panicle, statistically 5 percent. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Effects of gamma ray on grain yield, yield components and morphological triats related to lodging in the rice of (Oryza sativa L.)
M. Morad A. Dehpour Jooybari H. R, Mobaser E. Rahimi Petroudi M. Rahmani

Gamma ray is one of the electromagnetic rays that has the capacity of ionization and inspiration and its penetrating power is more than that of beta and alphas. Therefore, To determine the effect of  gamma ray on agronomic and morphological traits related to lodgin More

Gamma ray is one of the electromagnetic rays that has the capacity of ionization and inspiration and its penetrating power is more than that of beta and alphas. Therefore, To determine the effect of  gamma ray on agronomic and morphological traits related to lodging in the rice (Oryza Sative L.) an experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) was performed in four replications in the growth year of 1388(2010) in the city of Qaemshahr. Treatments were  rice seeds under different dozes of gamma rays (60 cobalt) in four levels (100,200 and 300 Gy and control or without shining). The results showed that the bending movement of third and fourth inter nodes with an increase in the gamma ray doze up to 300 Gy in comparison with the control  27.4% and 28.1%, respectively had a decreasing movement. The maximum grain yield with shining 300 Gy (259 gm2)was obtained. Because the highest number of spikelet in panicle (170.15 ones) and number of panicle in a square meter (401.25) was obtained for the same doze of shining. The lowest grain yield (173.75 gm2) was obtained for the control group. The minimum plant height was obtained with shining 300 Gy that was equal to 145.01centemeters and the maximum plant height was for the shining of 100 Gy and control respectively that was 153.07 and 156.56 centimeters.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Effect of plant density and planting pattern on grain yield of maize 666
ناصر شهسواري

Modifying canopy structure to provide conditions in which the canopy crop can absorb better sunlight has been known as important strategy in increasing crop yield. This field study includes an experiment conducted as a split-plot in randomized complete block design with More

Modifying canopy structure to provide conditions in which the canopy crop can absorb better sunlight has been known as important strategy in increasing crop yield. This field study includes an experiment conducted as a split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in Khoy research field station in 2011 cropping season. The main plots were two levels of row spacing ( 50 and 60 ) and sub plots were the integration of planting pattern ( zigzag and oblong ) with plant densities ( 70000, 80000 and 90000 plants ha ). Results showed that main plots didn't have any significance on the field study characteristics, but indicated that sub plots had it on dry weight of ear, number of kernel rows, grains per ear, 100 grain weight, grain yield, biologic yield and harvest index. However, the highest grain yield was obtained from planting pattern ( oblong ) and density 90000 plants ( 12530kg. ha ) . Interactive effect of ( planting pattern and density ) with ( level of rows) on number of kernel rows and grain per ear was significant. It seems that planting pattern ( oblong ) and density (90000 plants. Ha ) produces the highest grain yield for the farmer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - The effect of cultivars, density and weed control on yield and yield components of rainfed chickpea
ارسلان فلاحي فرهاد صادقی

To evaluate the effect of chickpea cultivars ( Azad, Arman, Hashem and Adel ), three plant density ( 31.3, 38.5 and 50 m ) and weed control on yield and yield components of pea, an experiment was carried out on the farm of Agricultural Research Station, Razi University More

To evaluate the effect of chickpea cultivars ( Azad, Arman, Hashem and Adel ), three plant density ( 31.3, 38.5 and 50 m ) and weed control on yield and yield components of pea, an experiment was carried out on the farm of Agricultural Research Station, Razi University of Kermanshah in 2015. Design was conducted in factorial arrangement using randomized complete block design with three replications. The measured traits included the number of pods, main branch, seeds per pod, grains per plant, grain weight per plant, 100 grain weight, grain yield and biological yield. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of cultivars and weeding were significant for the traits at one percent. Effect of plant density and interactive cultivars × density were noticeable at the level of one percent for more characters except the number of seeds per pod and number of main branches per plant. Azad was the best cultivar with the greatest amount of seeds per plant, number of pods, number of main branches, weight of grains per plant, grain yield and biomass, 9.47, 8.89, 2.74, 2.59 gr and 1103 and 2953.8 kg. ha, respectively. Density of 31.3 perm2 was the most appropriate density for the number seed per plant, number of pods, seed weight per plant, biomass and grain yield per unit area, with 10.3, 9.44, 9.75, 3158 and 1114.7 kg ha respectively. According to our survey Hashem and Azad cultivars with the density of 31.3 plant per square meter together with weed control were the most suitable for the temperate region of Kermanshah. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Evaluation of sink and source relationships on grain yield and its components of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L. )
زينب محمدزاده اصل عليرضا عيوضي

To investigate the effects of different levels of leaf and grain removing on grain yield and its components in sunflower, an experiment was carried out in Saatloo agricultural research station of Urmia. A factorial experiment was done based on randomized complete blocks More

To investigate the effects of different levels of leaf and grain removing on grain yield and its components in sunflower, an experiment was carried out in Saatloo agricultural research station of Urmia. A factorial experiment was done based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications in 2012 growing season. The first factor consisted of four levels of defoliation including; removing 1/3 upper, removing 1/3 middle, removing 1/3 lower leaves of stem and no defoliation of control. The second factor involved grain removing with four levels; removing 1/3 of side, 1/3 of middle and 1/3 of central grains of disc flower and non grain removing as control. Results showed that non-leaf removing and removing 1/3 side grains of disc flower had the highest effect on 1000 kernel weight with 223.25g and total dry matter 2656.0g/plant. The highest amount of grain yield was 177.50g/plant in removing of 1/3 below leaves and non removing grains. In non leaf removing treatment, leaf area had significantly positive correlation with total dry matter ( r=0.99**). Also, protein grain percentage had positively significant with grain yield in non grain removing of disc flower ( r=0.96*).Regression analysis showed that traits of leaf area and disc flower diameter in leaf removing treatment and only disc flower diameter in grain removing treatment had the greatest effects on grain yield. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali Rahimi

Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal More

Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - A study on grain yield and adaptability and stability of barley genotypes in cold dryland areas
غلامرضا خليل زاده

In order to determine the high yielding, the grain yielding stability , 24 promising barley lines and cultivars, a study was carried out based on RCB – design with four replications in three years ( 2011 to 2014 ) in 6 cold and moderate cold rainfed regions of Maragheh, More

In order to determine the high yielding, the grain yielding stability , 24 promising barley lines and cultivars, a study was carried out based on RCB – design with four replications in three years ( 2011 to 2014 ) in 6 cold and moderate cold rainfed regions of Maragheh, Kurdestan, Zanjan, Urmia, Sararud and Ardabil. After testing of error uniformity, a combined analysis was carried out in three years for each location. Also, final combination of ANOVA was performed for all environments (3 years and 6 locations ). Results of combined ANOVA analysis showed that locationgenotype and year×location×genotype were significant. The highest average green yield belonged to Sararud with ( 2893kg/ha ) and the lowest one belonged to Ardabil satation ( 1524kg/ha . Lines number 12 with with ( 2471kg/ha ) and 22 with 2499kg/ha ) had the highest average grain yield among genotypes in 3 3 years and 6 locations. Results of stability analysis using Lin and Binns, CV% and rank methods showed that line number 14 ( Schuyler //Alpha/ Durra/3/… ) had the highest stability and lines number 11 and 12 showed relatively stable genotypes in comparison with other ones. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - The effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of SC704 maize hybrid under water deficit stress
Abdollah Ayaran Mohamad Reza Dadnia mojtaba alavifazel شهرام لک Tayeb Sakinejad

In order to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of corn under water deficit stress, a Split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design w More

In order to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of corn under water deficit stress, a Split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications, plants were planted in during two years (2017-19) in Baghmalek. The main plot of the irrigation regime with 4 normal levels, stopping irrigation 40, 55 and 70 days after the appearance of tassels, the sub-plot of copper foliar spraying with two control levels and 0.30 kg net per hectare from the source of copper sulfate 50% 25 days after the emergence of tassel and sub-plot of seed treatment with hydrogen peroxide with 3 control levels, 30 and 60 mM. The results showed that the triple interaction of irrigation regime, copper foliar application and hydrogen peroxide on chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b, total carotenoid, catalase activity, plant height, number of seeds in a row and seed yield was significant at the probability level of 1%. The highest plant height and the number of seeds in the row were obtained from copper foliar spraying treatments and the application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide under normal irrigation conditions. Also, the highest seed yield (9530.07 kg/ha) was obtained under normal irrigation conditions and copper foliar spraying and the application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide, which showed an increase of about 42% compared to the cessation of irrigation 40 days after the emergence of tassels and the absence of copper foliar spraying and the absence of hydrogen peroxide application. The activity of catalase increased by 67% in the condition of stopping irrigation 40 days after the appearance of tassel and copper foliar application and application of 30 mM hydrogen peroxide compared to normal and control irrigation conditions. In general, the results of the experiment showed that copper foliar spraying and application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide in suitable humidity conditions can increase chlorophyll content, grain yield and overall improvement of corn production. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Effect of Potassium Nano Chelate on Physiological and Yield Characteristics of Barley in Phenological Stages under Irrigation Cut-Off Conditions
mohammad sayahi مانی مجدم Alireza Shokuhfar

In order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigati More

In order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigation, no irrigation at the beginning of stem elongation, and no irrigation at the pollination stage and sub treatment consisted: no foliar application (control), 35 mg.L-1 and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano chelate. results showed that the effect of deficit irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate on number of spikes, number of seeds per spike, weight of 1000 seeds, grain yield, stomatal conductance, canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were statistically significant at 1% level of probability. Interaction irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate number of spikes, weight of 1000 seeds, in canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were significant at 1% probability and stomatal conductance at 5% probability level. The highest grain yield was in full irrigation (control) (5308 kg.ha-1) and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-chelate (4854.9 kg.ha-1) and the lowest was in irrigation at anthesis (3169.4 kg.ha-1) and no foliar application (control) (3588 kg.ha-1). the maximum relative water content of leaf was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (73.13%) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (35.99%). maximum stomatal coductance was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (185.87 mlmol.m-2s-1) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (47.99 mlmol.m-2s-1). as a result, foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer at different irrigation cut-off periods cause improves grain yield and leaf water in comparison to control (no foliar application) and is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Effect of zinc and boron spray on quantitative and qualitative characters of Effect of zinc and boron spray on quantitative and qualitative characters of seed corn ( KSC 704 )
kianoush safari فرهاد صادقی احمد قنبری

To evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc and boron fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain maize, an experiment was conducted with two factors using factorial in a randomized complete block design in Sar-e Pol-e Zahab. The first More

To evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc and boron fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain maize, an experiment was conducted with two factors using factorial in a randomized complete block design in Sar-e Pol-e Zahab. The first factor was zinc in four levels ( zero, 0.7, 1.4 and 2.1 kg/ha-1 ) and the second factor was boron in four levels ( zero, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 kg/ha ). Summary results showed that the effect of zinc and boron factors were significant on the stem diameter, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight, leaf area index, the amount of zinc and boron in the grain, protein percent and yield and grain yield at the 1% level statically. By increasing the amount of zinc fertilizer consumption, increased the stem diameter, leaf area index, number of kernel per row, 100 kernel weight, the amount of Zn and B in the grain, the amount of protein in the grain and the grain yield. The highest and lowest grain yield belonged to 2.1 kg/ha of Zinc and without the consumption of Zinc fertilizer treatments with 9.560 and 8.000 t ha-1 respectively. The 0.6 kg/ha of boron fertilizer treatment had greatest effect on the stem diameter with 28.9mm, leaf area index with 3.89, seed depth with 11.67 mm, number of kernels per row, with 41 grain and grain yield with 9.43t/ha, and this treatment was the best one. The effect of Zn and B fertilizer interaction on the yield and yield components showed that the treatment of 2.1 kg/ha oh zinc × 0.6 kg/ha boron was superior for all traits such as grain yield with 10.93 t/ha. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - The effect of planting date on the yield and components of soya variety in Salmas region
احسان شرافت نژاد علی نصرالله زاده اصل

To evaluate the effect of planting date on the yield and components of soya variety, an experiment was carried out in 1390 in Salmas. The first factor, the planting date, was assigned in four levels: Ordibehesht 25th and Tir 10th; the second factor was the cultivar in t More

To evaluate the effect of planting date on the yield and components of soya variety, an experiment was carried out in 1390 in Salmas. The first factor, the planting date, was assigned in four levels: Ordibehesht 25th and Tir 10th; the second factor was the cultivar in three levels: William, L17, and Zan. The measurable traits included: weight of 100-grain, number of pods in the shrub, number of grain in the pod, number of offshoots in the shrub, oil percentage and grain yield. The analysis of date variance showed that the impact of planting date on the weight of 100-grain, the number of pods in the shrub, number of grain in the pod, number of offshoots in the shrub, oil percentage and grain yield were meaningful. All the measured traits were reduced with delay in plantation, and the utmost grain yield appeared in Ordibehesht 25th plantation for 333.4g per square meter. The effect of cultivar on the tested traits, except the grain number was significant and the highest grain yield, 235.4g per square meter was allocated to Zan variety. Manuscript profile

List of Articles Grain yield

Sanad

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages