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        1 - Contamination of brucellosis in milk and cheese by Real time PCR
        fatemeh Khodaverdipour Nazila Arbab Soleimani Yasaman Boroun
        Brucella spp are small, immobile, gram-negative bacteria that are lacking capsules and formed like cocobacillus. Brucellosis is a zoonosis infection between humans and animals that can lead to miscarriages, fertility disorders, genital infections, reduction in milk pro More
        Brucella spp are small, immobile, gram-negative bacteria that are lacking capsules and formed like cocobacillus. Brucellosis is a zoonosis infection between humans and animals that can lead to miscarriages, fertility disorders, genital infections, reduction in milk production, urethritis, and epididymitis in the original host, resulting in many medical disorders in patients and unnecessary treatment expenses. Moreover, farmers would end up facing significant economic losses. Despite advances in blood culture techniques and serological tests to detect specific antibiotics, there are still significant difficulties in the diagnosis of brucellosis; therefore, a new laboratory test is needed for a better examination. One of the most recent quantitative methods that have already caught the attention of many researchers is the detection of bacteria by Real Time PCR method. The aim of this study is to identify bacteria of the genus Brucella, both in milk and cheese samples, by the method of Real Time PCR. 25 samples of cow's milk and twenty-five samples of cheese were collected from different parts of Shahrekord city. DNA extraction was performed using the DNA extraction kit (Cinnagen company) for the molecular diagnosis. Then, by the use of Real Time PCR reaction (Corbett Rotor-Gene Model, manufactured in Australia), samples were studied. In this study, fifty samples were examined, and only two samples (4%) were diagnosed with Brucella abortus, meanwhile, there were no reports on infections by Brucella in the cheese samples. Conclusion: This study shows that molecular techniques such as Real Time PCR can be used as a complementary method for the detection of Brucella, alongside all the other common methods. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Contamination of brucellosis in blood samples of seropositive patients for Brucella in the Shahr-e Kord and Isfahan city by Real Time PCR method
        Hossein Khodabandeh shahraki nazila Arbab Soleimani
        Brucellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in both humans and animals.It causes human to suffer from Malta fever and has highly economic losses in livestock. Bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of chronic cases are insensitive. More
        Brucellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in both humans and animals.It causes human to suffer from Malta fever and has highly economic losses in livestock. Bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of chronic cases are insensitive. Therefore, the use of Real Time PCR is a great help to evaluate the frequency of types of brucella abortus and brucella melitensis in serum of people with positive serology. Serum samples of 30 cases with right positive test (over 1/160) were collected from DNA clinical laboratories in the cities of Shahrekord and Esfahan and they were extracted with the use of signagen DNA extraction kit. In order to identify the genus and the types of brucella abortus and brucella melitensis Real Time PCR reaction was carried out on the samples. In this study, all 30 samples were confirmed with the use of Real Time PCR. Brucella abortus was detected in all samples in the cities of Esfahan and Shahrekord. After Real Time PCR test was run on females, brucella abortus was just detected, While in males, 22 (%73/33) cases suffered from brucella abortus and 3 (%10) suffered from brucella melitensis. From the total of 7 cases with brucellosis infection in the age group below 30 years old, 6 (%85/7) cases suffered from brucella abortus and 1 (%14/3) suffered from brucella melitensis, While from the 23 cases with brucellosis in the age group over 30 years old, 21 (% 91/3) had brucella abortus and 2 (%8/7) had brucella melitensis. In recent years many molecular methods have been used for the detection of this bacteria. Real Time PCR method in the sense that it requires less time and has high sensitivity and specificity is very useful in the diagnosis of the disease Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Antibiotic resistance pattern and prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integron genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections in Shahrekord
        Marziyeh Soleymanian نازیلا ارباب سلیمانی sanaz khaksar haghani
        Integrons are mobile genetic elements capable of carrying resistance genes to various antibiotics. These elements have been found in different places of plasmid and chromosome. The aim of this present study was determine the prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in E More
        Integrons are mobile genetic elements capable of carrying resistance genes to various antibiotics. These elements have been found in different places of plasmid and chromosome. The aim of this present study was determine the prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in Escherichia coli isolates isolated from urinary tract infection in Shahrekord. In this research, the number of 64 isolates of Escherichia coli were investigated. The antibiotic resistance of the investigated isolates was evaluated using a simple disking method in Mueller Hinton agar medium. In order to determine the frequency of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons, specific primer pairs were used. After the antibiogram test, the highest resistance to ampicillin (75%) and the lowest resistance to imipenem (12.5%) were observed. The frequency of class 1, 2 and 3 integron genes was observed as 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12%, respectively. None of the integron genes were observed in 52 isolates. In the statistical analysis with chi-square test, a statistically significant relationship was observed between class 1 integron and resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin (p = 0.02 < 0.05). Due to the fact that resistance genes are located on integrons and can be transferred from one strain to another strain and spread resistance in the hospital or other environments, this has doubled the importance of identifying this type of antibiotic resistance genes. Key words: Escherichia coli, integron, antibiotic resistance, urinary infection Manuscript profile