Selenium is an important element in nutrition and an essential part of several proteins with catalytic and structural properties. Selenium nanoparticles have a higher effect and less toxicity than conventional selenium. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the strong role of nano-selenium in protecting against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in a male rat model. In this study, I/R damage was caused by closing the left renal artery for 20 minutes. 54 rats were randomly divided into 9 healthy control groups, Sham, three healthy experimental groups receiving selenium nanoparticle at doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg alone, I/R control and three groups of I/R mice receiving selenium nanoparticle at doses above, were divided (n=6). Thirty days after administration, animals were sacrificed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation and the data were statistically analyzed (p˂0.05). Selenium nanoparticle in I/R groups significantly decreased serum urea and creatinine levels (p˂0.001) and significantly increased the antioxidant parameters of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde (p˂0.001) to 0/1. I/R and repair of renal histological damage (p˂0.001). This study showed that selenium nanoparticle has protective effects against damage caused by renal ischemic reperfusion, and this protective effect can be due to its antioxidant properties in improving damage caused by free radicals in the ischemic reperfusion process, thereby improving the structure of kidney’s tissue and reduce oxidative stress.
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