List of Articles shoko arabi

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  1 - A discussion on trade exchanges between Iran and Egypt from Darius I to the end of the Achaemenid period
  mohamad ghasemi feyzolah Boushasb goushe behzad moeini sam Shokouhossadat arabi hashemi
  The location of Egypt on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and on the land and sea trade routes of the ancient world, caused it to be the focus of the great Achaemenid emperors as a large and important base. Despite the conquest of Egypt by Cambodia, the Achaemenid tra More

  The location of Egypt on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and on the land and sea trade routes of the ancient world, caused it to be the focus of the great Achaemenid emperors as a large and important base. Despite the conquest of Egypt by Cambodia, the Achaemenid trade relationship with this western satrap It was mostly done through the old royal road, but with the efforts of Darius I, he started extensive measures in this land, the most important of which are the development of roads and the digging of the Suez Canal. With the digging of this canal, shipping activities and maritime communication and, as a result, commercial relations with Egypt expanded, and on the other hand, Iran's role as a trade route between East and West grew considerably. According to the available sources, items needed for use in the Iranian army, such as army armor and architectural tools, have been supplied from Egypt, and in return, salt and spices have been taken from Iran to Egypt. In this research, an attempt is made to deal with the items exchanged between the two countries. And in this way, to deal with the commercial issues surrounding it in order to expand the relations between the two countries, beyond the mere political relations and with the aim of promoting commercial relations. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigating the religious factors of the defeat of the Sassanids against the Muslim Arabs.
  Ali Chegeni sholouhsadat arabi hashemi Fez allal Bushasb Gusheh
  In the Sassanid era, religion became the government and political and social structure was one-sided, religion was completely at the service of politics. The corrupt system of Mobdan justified the actions and behaviors of the oppressive kings, the class system and the s More

  In the Sassanid era, religion became the government and political and social structure was one-sided, religion was completely at the service of politics. The corrupt system of Mobdan justified the actions and behaviors of the oppressive kings, the class system and the shortcomings of the Sassanid era society. They faced a comprehensive and complete religion that emphasized equality, justice and equality. This research aims to investigate the religious factors of the defeat of the Sassanids against the Muslim Arabs with a critical approach using a descriptive-analytical method and using library sources and existing documents. Therefore, based on the results of the research, the religious factors that were effective in the defeat of the Iranians from the Arabs can be pointed to the chaotic conditions of the Sassanid era, the influence and power of the clerics or Mughans in the Sassanid era. Regarding the religion of Zoroastrianism in the Sassanid period, it should be known that this religion revolved around one axis of the Avesta book. This book was not a book containing mere religious rules, but had the status of a large encyclopedia, which included various sciences and also the clergy of the Zoroastrian religion. They were removed from the initial state. Iranshahri thought, the occurrence of wars such as Dhi Qar, religious policies of Sassanid clerics against Jews and Christians, and the emergence of Islam, are among the religious and religious factors effective in the defeat of the Sassanids from the Arabs. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Hierarchy of Shia scholars and their functions from the end of Safavid erea to the end of Zandiya Looking at the scholars of Shiraz
  seyedeh safiyeh mortazavi sholouhsadat arabi hashemi Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh
  According to the position and role of Shia religion in the Safavid period and the relations of the Safavid sultans with religious scholars, scholars were appointed in various positions, sometimes these positions were rooted in the structure of the Iranian Diwan, and som More

  According to the position and role of Shia religion in the Safavid period and the relations of the Safavid sultans with religious scholars, scholars were appointed in various positions, sometimes these positions were rooted in the structure of the Iranian Diwan, and sometimes they were invented by the Safavids or modeled after the Ottoman governmental positions. Among these positions, we can mention chancellery, Malabashi, Sheikh al-Islam, Qazi, Qazi Asghar, Imam Juma, etc. The power of these positions in entering government affairs was related to the power of the Safavid sultans and their view of religion, as shown in At the end of the Safavid era, the power of scholars increased in political and governmental positions. In the Afshariya period, some cases; Such as the limitation of the religious and social functions of the scholars and their weak presence in the political arena, the limitation of endowment and non-endowment financial resources of the Shia scholars and finally their seclusion and migration to the neighboring lands of Iran indicate the weakness of the religious institution and the lack of involvement of the scholars in governmental and political affairs in this era. In the Zandiya period, especially in the Karim Khan period, by limiting the power of the religious scholars, an effort was made to prevent their influence and interference in politics, while maintaining social productivity. They lost themselves in the civil and governmental structure and the scholars were mostly responsible for the belief and religious leadership of the people. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Investigating and Analyzing the Place of the Ghulam in the Political and Social Structure of the Safavid Government.
  َAlireza Moslemi Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh Sholouhsadat Arabi hashemi
  The position of the Safavid government in the development of architecture, art, military affairs, and security is not hidden from anyone. The important point in these developments is to what extent the slaves contributed to these developments. Slaves in this study are t More

  The position of the Safavid government in the development of architecture, art, military affairs, and security is not hidden from anyone. The important point in these developments is to what extent the slaves contributed to these developments. Slaves in this study are the special slaves of the government in the Safavid period through which the Safavids consolidated their power. They were slaves who in Safavid historiography were usually referred to as neo-Muslim Christians who were called Shah Doost. The master-slave model, which began during the reign of Shah Tahmasb I, became the most effective tool during the reign of Shah Abbas I to maintain the power of the monarchy against the style of tribal rule. Shah Abbas supported the slaves in order to create a rift in the tribal structure and in return demanded unconditional loyalty from them. The question of the research is what role did slaves play in the structure of Safavid sectarianism, society, architecture, art, and trade, and the hypothesis is that given that the power of slaves was due to the Safavids' sincerity to the Safavid king always in the work of security and They worked hard to spread architecture, art, and trade. This article examines the role of slaves in the Safavid rule according to the available sources in the form of a library. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Archetypes of creation in the Mashi and Mashiane myth and its examples in the myths of other societies
  seyed mehdi Habibi sholouhsadat arabi hashemi Sohaila Torabi farsani
  Mythical themes are common and recurring in different societies. These themes are called archetypes and are found in mythological narratives around the world. The myth of the creation of the Mashi and Mashiane is no exception. Since myth and history are intertwined, som More

  Mythical themes are common and recurring in different societies. These themes are called archetypes and are found in mythological narratives around the world. The myth of the creation of the Mashi and Mashiane is no exception. Since myth and history are intertwined, some of the mysteries of history can be obtained by analyzing the archetypes in the myth of creation and its adaptation to other narratives of creation. The present study is an analytical research based on library data. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the archetypes of creation in the Mashi and Mashiane myth by adapting its examples in the myths of other societies, to better understand this myth. The results indicate that in the myth of the creation of the Mashi and Mashiane the role-playing role of archetypes such as; The first giant, god-like human, the first pair, the mother earth, the body plant and the reproductive plant, etc. are observed.The research method is descriptive, analytical based on library data Manuscript profile
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  6 - An introduction to the religious beliefs of the people of Nahavand during the Caliphate of Bani Abbas (132 656 AH)
  Ali Chegeni sholouhsadat arabi hashemi Feyz allah Bushasb Gusheh
  gPerhaps the most important cultural change in the Bani Abbas era in the Jabal region, especially in the Nahavand region, is the many changes in beliefs, religious beliefs and the spread of new sects and religions. Clues and evidences show that this region has had a var More

  gPerhaps the most important cultural change in the Bani Abbas era in the Jabal region, especially in the Nahavand region, is the many changes in beliefs, religious beliefs and the spread of new sects and religions. Clues and evidences show that this region has had a variety of opinions and religious beliefs due to its special geographical location and being on the ancient trade routes and adjacent to the land of Mianrodan and influenced by the special cultural situation of that region. Despite this, some authors of historical books and Islamic sects have firmly commented on the religion of the people of Nahavand and have considered them among the believers of deviant, extreme and extravagant religions.With a descriptive-analytical approach, this article aims to describe the process of the formation and emergence of Khurmadiniyyah, Ismailiyyah and Shia religious sects between 132 and 656 AH in Nahavand region, and how the extreme ideas of similitude and embodiment penetrated among some of examine the followers of Shiism. Manuscript profile