List of Articles Farideh Atabi

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  1 - Prediction of the results of implementation of air pollution control strategies using the Geo-Artificial Neural Network for Tehran metropolis
  Mehran Ghoddousi Farideh Atabi Jafar Nouri Alireza Gharagozlu
  10.22034/jest.2019.23618.3275
  Background and Objective: Predicting the results of the implementation of strategic air pollution control policies is the first and most important challenge for Tehran municipality. The main objective of this study was to define a specific method for assessing the resul More

  Background and Objective: Predicting the results of the implementation of strategic air pollution control policies is the first and most important challenge for Tehran municipality. The main objective of this study was to define a specific method for assessing the result of urban air pollution controlling strategies in Tehran metropolis using a multi-dimensional decision support system. Method: First, the most appropriate air pollution control strategies were selected based on existing conditions and structures in each zone of the city and then weighed according to selected criteria. Based on the spatial monitoring of air pollution formation patterns in the past and present time, as well as the analysis of their effects, the results of implementing air pollution control strategies were simulated using Geo-Artificial Neural Network models. In the next step, variables of time series and uncertainty variables were simulated for predicting the potential future air pollution patterns and finally, the results of the defined control strategies were evaluated based on spatial thematic layers. Findings: Definition of final clusters of air quality control strategies, weighting and ranking of the selected policies based on defined criteria have been the first findings of this research. Also, extraction of time series zoning based on the data collected during a four-year period, as well as simulation of the baseline scenario models and spatial data layers of their output were among the achievements of this study. Finally, the modeling of the predictive variables, design of the air quality control software and the prediction of the results of the the implementation of air pollution control strategies were presented. The results showed that by applying the Geo-Artificial Neural Network models (GANN), the urban managers could effectively predict the results of implementing the air pollution control strategies. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the spatio-temporal analysis supports the process of evaluation and prediction of the effects of pollution and can be used to determine the best pollution control strategies for the zones affected by air pollution. The final results of GANN models indicate that if the selected strategies are implemented based on the scenarios defined, in the "optimistic scenario", air quality in all areas of Tehran is completely stable and remains healthy, while in the "ordinary scenario" will reduce the level of air pollution up to 70 percent in the autumn and winter season if the selected strategies are implemented compared to the lack of implementation of control plans. The final model of the verification process model also confirmed that the pattern of pollution predicted by the model in each of the urban areas had a proper trend and adaptation compared to the pattern of contamination obtained from the actual results of the field data.   Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigation on the Concentration of Suspended Particulate Matters in Tehran Underground Subway Stations and Compare it with Ambient Concentrations
  Ameneh Bolourchi Farideh Atabi Faramarz Moattar Mehdi Ali Ehyaei
  10.22034/jest.2021.29362.3791
  Background and Objectives: Metro lines are responsible for 20% of the total passenger traffic in Tehran. Particulate matter is one of the most important major pollutants in subway stations and increasing their concentration leads to numerous health consequences for pass More

  Background and Objectives: Metro lines are responsible for 20% of the total passenger traffic in Tehran. Particulate matter is one of the most important major pollutants in subway stations and increasing their concentration leads to numerous health consequences for passengers and subway employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in four underground metro stations (Azadi, Enghelab, Tohid and Vali Asr) and compare them with the concentration of these particles in the open air. Research Method:Seasonal sampling (April 2016 - April 2017) of particulate matters was conducted in the middle months of all four seasons for one week in the middle months of each season at peak traffic times from 8 am to 12 am, at three locations (entrance, middle, and exit in each station) and also at outside ambient of each station. The results were then compared with the relevant standards. Results and Discussions: The main sources of suspended particulate matter in the underground subway stations were due to passenger traffic, train piston pressure, floor cleaning, maintenance operations, wheel-rail wear and braking and the performance of ventilation system in the subway station. The results of the monitoring measurements in this study showed that the annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the four underground subway stations were 68 µg/m3 and 47 µg/m3 and in the outdoor ambient around these stations were 42 and 29 µg/m3, respectively.   Conclusions: The results of this study showed that in the four underground subway stations, the annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 1.5 - 1.7 times higher than those in the outdoor ambient, respectively. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Analyzing and comparing combustion factors and diesel engine performance indicators with alternative biodiesel fuel
  Hossein Ghadamian Ghadamian Farideh Atabi shahin Ghaheri
  Abstract Vegetable Oils can be combined with alcohol (typically Methanol) to produce chemical combinations so-called Ester. They are also called biodiesel if used as fuel. This fuel is biologically decomposable. In addition, as this kind of fuel is used as component, m More

  Abstract Vegetable Oils can be combined with alcohol (typically Methanol) to produce chemical combinations so-called Ester. They are also called biodiesel if used as fuel. This fuel is biologically decomposable. In addition, as this kind of fuel is used as component, minor changes in engine is required. Computations on effective combustion factors show that Net Heating Value is 18577 Btu/1b for a combination of 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel (B20), and it is 19159 Btu/1b for diesel fuel. The amounts of Adiabatic Flame Temperature of fuel are also calculated as 3899 ˚F for B20 and 3879 ˚F for diesel fuel. As a result of analyzing effective diesel engine performance indicators for a model of diesel engine, the amount of heat efficiency of biodiesel and diesel fuel, are the same as 41%. It is also calculated that Indicated Power of the engine model is 78.2 kW for diesel fuel and 75.7 kW for bio diesel. Diesel engine Volumetric Efficiency, as the third effective parameter of engine performance, was also introduced, and the amount of results for B20 fuel and diesel fuel were 83% and 80% respectively. The results show minor differences in the amounts of combustion and engine performance factors for both mentioned fuels. Hence, according to environmental requirements and decreasing trend of fossil resources, the renewable bio diesel fuel is spotlighted as one of the essential alternatives for diesel fuel.   Manuscript profile
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  4 - Investigation on the Effect of Various Parameters on Optimum Performance of Engine Management System (EMS) based on DoE Method
  Farideh Atabi Mostafa Khezri Hamid Irani
  One of the major contributors of air pollution in large cities is the urban car traffic which imposes a huge financial and life expenses to the society. In order to reduce these expenses, car manufacturers keep adopting new innovation to decrease pollutants` level. In r More

  One of the major contributors of air pollution in large cities is the urban car traffic which imposes a huge financial and life expenses to the society. In order to reduce these expenses, car manufacturers keep adopting new innovation to decrease pollutants` level. In recent years, direct injection engines have been introduced which electronically control fuel flow using Engine Control Unit (ECU). This goal has been achieved to some degree. Adjusting and calibrating the Engine Management System (EMS) becomes more important day by day. The most important task of EMS is to reach the optimum point in pollutant, fuel consumption and vehicle performance. In this study while calibrating EMS efficiently, the cost and time spent is reduced using DoE simulating techniques and the effects of various parameters on its performance are studied. Hence knowing all inputs such as speed, load and desired outputs such as pollutants and engine torque, MBC Model – module from MATLAB software – has been used. Another next module from MATLAB that is named CAGE is implemented to improve the above mentioned model. By using this method, the effects of EMS` calibration can be studied on different parameters and upon needs, change them. The new parameters are entered into ECU and from there new commands are released to actuators. Therefore achievement to optimal engine function like vehicle performance, pollutant and fuel consumption by minimum expenses and time with high accuracy will be performed. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Application of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) for GHGs Emission Reduction in Haft Tappeh Sugarcane Factory
  Elham Kazemi Farideh Atabi Nematollah Khorasani Seyed Mohammadreza Heibati
  Background and Objective: Energy consumption in food industries is high and increasing due to the growing population, inadequacy of cultivating farms, and life condition improvement. This growing consumption is a threat to the environment and human’s health. Sugar More

  Background and Objective: Energy consumption in food industries is high and increasing due to the growing population, inadequacy of cultivating farms, and life condition improvement. This growing consumption is a threat to the environment and human’s health. Sugarcane industries are considered as high consuming industries which have a tangible impact on the environment and emission of greenhouse gases. Sugarcane industrial energy consumption share among other industries is 4.3% and more than 70% in total energy of food industry consumption. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of CMD application on the reduction of fossil fuel energy consumption and GHGs emission reduction in Haft Tappeh Sugarcane Factory.  Method: The results of the factory energy auditing indicated that one of the proper methods to benefit from CMD is to replace the old boiler which has low efficiency with a new boiler. Pre-feasibility assessment of the environmental and economical aspects of implementing the project has been calculated using “Proform” software. It ran through three scenarios assuming the investment, installation, and maintenance costs; the new boiler consumption rate with higher efficiency and cost-effectiveness of replacing the new system with the old one having lower efficiency. Calculation was based on carbon credit value in global market. Results: As results show in case if scenario C is applied, the Net Present Value (NPV) will equal 21,000,000 dollars and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) will become 39.18%. Carbon credit was considered 20 dollars based on the reduction of CO2 equivalent which was calculated by carbon supply and demand market for CERs of CDM projects that are sold and purchased in carbon exchange market. IRR is higher than 16% discount rate; consequently, it proves that implementing such a project is cost-effective. Provided that the new high efficient boiler is used, the emission of CO2 equivalent during implementing the project-25 years- will reduce to 763,353 ton equal to CO2 equivalent; furthermore, 13,607,000 GJ is saved on consumption of natural gas. Conclusion: Considering the boilers with high energy consumption and low efficiency in this factory, the replacement of old boiler with the new one through CDM project is cost effective Manuscript profile
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  6 - The study of a fiberglass furnace flue air pollutants and the economical saving from the application of a heat recovery system In a Fiberglass Factory
  Hadi Neghahdari Mohamad javad jafari jafari farideh Atabi Gholamreza Baseri
  The fiberglass furnace flue discharges not only a variety of air pollutants but also a tremendous amount of heat. Its’ high discharged air temperature, limits the application of a cost effective dust collector. The application of a heat recovery system seems not o More

  The fiberglass furnace flue discharges not only a variety of air pollutants but also a tremendous amount of heat. Its’ high discharged air temperature, limits the application of a cost effective dust collector. The application of a heat recovery system seems not only to make it possible for application of a cost effective dust collector but also may reduce heating costs considerably. In the present study, the air pollutants discharged from a fiberglass furnace flue were measured and evaluated. In the next step, the reduced fuel and social costs were estimated if a proposed heat recovery system was applied. For this purpose, five air pollutants including CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NOx, and air velocity were measure using TESTO 350XL. Particulate matter (PM) was also monitored using TCR TECORA ISO TRACK, all through direct readings. Temperature was monitored automatically through installed instrumentation at the furnace control room. More than nine hundred thousand air temperature readings were screened to select 2043 reliable readings. The recovered heat was estimated using the measured data. Direct and indirect savings from the recovered heat was predicted using the Environmental software. The results revealed that the average concentration of CO, NOx, and PM were respectively 1.45, 1.38 and 6.477 times higher than environmental permissible limits. The recovered heat was equivalent to almost 1500 million cubic meters of natural gas saving per year which costs 24.4 million US$. The extraction  of  statistic  data  and  research  hypothesis  test  was  done  by  Mini Tab 14  software. The  data  of  mean  society  examination (with  determined  variance)  and  mean  of  two  societies  and  also  probability  plot  used  for  contaminant  changes  forecast  in  the  next  years. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Technical-Environmental Economical Feasibility Study of Geothermal Heat Pumps
  Farideh Atabi Seyed Mohammad Reza Heibati Setareh Mehrkhou
  AbstractConsidering the scarcity of natural fossil energy and dispersion of pollutant gases from their products,it seems utilizing cheaper and cleaner energy sources such as geothermal energy are vital.One of the applications of geothermal energy is geothermal pumps. Th More

  AbstractConsidering the scarcity of natural fossil energy and dispersion of pollutant gases from their products,it seems utilizing cheaper and cleaner energy sources such as geothermal energy are vital.One of the applications of geothermal energy is geothermal pumps. The compressor of geothermalpumps utilizes the thermal energy of the earth to provide thermal load and hot water for the buildingsby consuming electricity. There are two most common geothermal heat pumps including a systemwith vertical and horizontal ground heat exchanger.In the present study, in ventilation calculations, the required thermal load of a typical four-story 12-unit residential building located in the East of Tehran was calculated separately based on the actualoperational data. Each story has an area of 565 square meters. According to the thermal properties ofsoil and the annual average temperature of the abovementioned area, the appropriate geothermal heatpump was selected. Subsequently, three scenarios were created through Perform software on the basisof the primary costs of purchase and installment of geothermal heat pump and its electricityconsumption. The cost-effectiveness of the studied system with that of the previous one was comparedtechnically, economically and environmentally on the basis of carbon credit costs in the world market.The results of this study indicate that the application of geothermal heat pumps decreases the totalemission of pollutants across implementing the project by 3759 tons of CO2 equivalent. Furthermore,67,000 giga joules of natural gas will be saved at the end of the project. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Pollutants of Painting Process in Automotive Industry "Case study: Paint Shop of Saipa Automotive Industry"
  Seid Mostafa Khezri Azadeh Akhavan Bloorchian Seid Masoud Monavari Farideh Attabi
  Produced paint sludge of automotive Industry has heavy metals and because of this, has high pollutionpotential. Incorrect Disposal of paint sludge led to kinds of environmental pollution. The object of thisInvestigation was identification of main pollutants of paint slu More

  Produced paint sludge of automotive Industry has heavy metals and because of this, has high pollutionpotential. Incorrect Disposal of paint sludge led to kinds of environmental pollution. The object of thisInvestigation was identification of main pollutants of paint sludge that can be database to presentingprofitable economic solution for recycling of that. For identifying elements and concentration of paintsludge, various tests have been carried out. These tests contains: XRF3, XRD4 and DTA5.Results proved existing heavy metal elements like copper (1.5 gr/lit), zinc (13.09 gr/lit), Aluminum(58.76 gr/lit), Magnesium (23.004 gr/lit), Titanium (32.68 gr/lit), Vanadium (0.9 gr/lit) and etc.Comparing with environmental Standards showed that most kind of these elements are out of standardranges and are noticeable pollutant elements. These results show the necessity of gaining solution forrecycling of paint sludge. Then, more research about this case for deleting or decreasing pollutions issuggested Manuscript profile
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  9 - Diversity of Vegetation in Pardisan Forest Park and Climatic Adaptation of its Dominant Species in the Region
  Nematollah khorasani Farideh Atabi Maryam Afashari
  Background and Objective: The relation between a climate and its vegetation cover is a function of special condition. Climate is considered as one of important ecologic factors and has the most important effect on quality and quantity of vegetation cases. Selection of p More

  Background and Objective: The relation between a climate and its vegetation cover is a function of special condition. Climate is considered as one of important ecologic factors and has the most important effect on quality and quantity of vegetation cases. Selection of plants per improvement and recovery of each region should be simple implemented  based on the knowledge of that region concentration of special species of each region is determined by three factors namely temperature, precipitation and humidity, which today are named as biological variables. The goal of this study was to investigate diversity of vegetation in Pardisan forest park and climatic adaptation of its dominant species in the region. Method: In this research by collection of tremendous species of vegetation coverage of Pardisan Park, preliminary recognition of vegetation cover and collection of information such as their names, growth forms, dispersion and application in the land landscape was done. Given the Pardisan Park management didn't have any statistical data of the numeral and position of hand planted plants. The general location and areas of prevailing species of the park was determined and was marked on the map of the park by using GIS software. The frequency of each gens and of each family were ordered by each software. In next step after getting the information and statistics and the values of climate logical parameters related to geophysical station from meteorological organization, we studied them and analyzed their relation to the survival of prevailing species of the park. Results: Climatology and ambrotermic diagrams and curves were plotted based on climatic parameters and finally echo gram curves of dominant vegetation cover of Pardisan Park were analyzed based on climatology parameters. Conclusion: Results show that, given that there is no significant difference in the micro climate of different areas of the park, factors such as microclimate, soil, direction and amount of access of plants to water resources play the most important role in the diversity of vegetation even of Pardisan forest park. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Investigation on Regulations and Commitments of the Climate Change Convention and Assessment of their Implementation in the Islamic Republic of Iran
  Farideh Atabi Mehrdad Nazemi Amir Abbas Sedighi Narmin Tavakoli
  Climate change has been one of the main concerns of societies in the world during the last two decades. Hence, the international community has taken some measures to solve this problem. Such measures include developments of the UN Framework Convention on the Climate Cha More

  Climate change has been one of the main concerns of societies in the world during the last two decades. Hence, the international community has taken some measures to solve this problem. Such measures include developments of the UN Framework Convention on the Climate Change (UNFCCC) to maintain the current concentration levels of the green house gases in the atmosphere in order to minimize the anthropogenic impacts on the climate. The convention has envisioned common but different responsibilities for all parties. Iran is also a party to the Convention and has developed the Empowerment Plan of the Islamic Republic of Iran to meet its commitments with financial support of the Global Environmental Facilities (GEF) and the UNDP Office located in the Department of the Environment in Iran. In the present study, after reviewing climate change and green house phenomenon, the steps to form the UNFCCC, its goals and the commitments of member countries towards the Convention as well as its status in Iran, have been investigate. Although Iran has honored most of its commitments, the major drawbacks are weak regulations, lack of research and mismanagement of activities. The inadequate coordination amongst different sections of Iran and ineffective environmental laws are the major challenges to the implementation of the Climate Change Convention in Iran. Manuscript profile
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  11 - Predicting the Mortality Rate Due to Particulate Matters Using AirQ Software and Health Risk Assessment in the City of Sanandaj
  Abdol Reza Noferesti Farideh Atabi Jafar Nouri Mohammad Reza MiriLavasani Seyed Ali Jozi
  10.22034/jest.2019.13962
    Background and Objective: The goal of this research was to assess the severity of diseases caused by suspended particulate matters for the residents of the area and the health risk assessment in Sanandaj. Methods: The statistical information about the concentrati More

    Background and Objective: The goal of this research was to assess the severity of diseases caused by suspended particulate matters for the residents of the area and the health risk assessment in Sanandaj. Methods: The statistical information about the concentration of particulate matters was taken in 2012 from the Sanandaj Department of Environment. The field measurement of particulate matters was also carried out in 17 monitoring stations in Sanandaj for different months during a year by using portable devices. Then for quantifying the effects of air pollutants, Air Quality Health Impact Assessment (AirQ) software was used. Next, calculations were made in Excel for preparation of the input data. Finally, prediction of mortality and comparing it with the available statistics was performed and the health risk assessment was conducted for the region. Findings: The study of air pollution due to particulate matters in the city of Sanandaj showed that most of the days, the area was contaminated with low intensity and the days of unhealthy and dangerous including less than two months from June to August. The highest amounts of the average concentrations of particulate matters in different months of the year were seen in the first five months of the year and especially in June. However, the number of patients admitted by health centers due to air pollution, in the winter and April, were the greatest. Most of the air pollution was seen in the northeast (Area A) due to the repairing workshops, passenger terminal and industrial park located in that area. Assessment of the number of patients admitted by the medical centers in the city of Sanandaj and comparing it with the amounts predicted by AirQ, showed that the results of AirQ were less than the real data, while the predicted mortality rates were more than the real data. In terms of demographic categories indifferent parts of the city, the distribution was almost equal. However, it was the highest rate in the area number 3, which had the lowest air pollution. Prediction of health risk in the area showed the highest risk in the area number one and for the people in age of 20- 44 years old. The main cause was the more exposure of people living in this area to air pollutants. Discussion and Counclusion: In cold seasons of the year, due to inversion and the topographical situation of the region, respiratory diseases and mortality rate increased in the study area. Based on the diseases recorded in the statistical year, 581 cases of chronic lung diseases,570 cases of angina thoracic, 23 cases of asthma and 39 deaths attributed to air pollution has been reported. Manuscript profile
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  12 - Assessment of Air Pollutants and Determination of Air Quality Index in Zahedan
  Farideh Atabi Mohammad Erfani Edris Bazrafshan
  Background and Objective: Air pollution issue is one of the most important environmental challenges in any country. In Zahedan, moderately, the air in 70 days of the year is polluted by dust.The goal of this study was assessment of air pollutants’ concentrations a More

  Background and Objective: Air pollution issue is one of the most important environmental challenges in any country. In Zahedan, moderately, the air in 70 days of the year is polluted by dust.The goal of this study was assessment of air pollutants’ concentrations and determination of AQI in the city of Zahedan. Method: In this study, after performing the primary studies concerning the climatic and geographical conditions of Zahedan, four stations were selected for air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10,  SO2, O3, NO2, CO, NO) monitoring. The measurement process was performed monthly during one year (three days per month) and the monthly wind rose in the city was prepared by Word Lop and Saba Wind software.  Then considering the Air Quality Index (AQI), and by using GIS software, 96 maps were prepared and the health quality of air pollutants was determined. Results:Considering the AQI in Zahedan City, the responsible pollutant was PM2.5 for all season in 2009. Its value in spring was 185, in summer was 201, in fall was 168 and in winter was 208 Conclusion: The results of this research showed that the main responsible pollutant during the year 2009 in Zahedan was PM2.5. Also during this year, air quality for 208 days was unhealthy for all people, 95 days was unhealthy for the sensitive people, 33 days was in hazardous condition, 16 days was unhealthy and 4 days was moderate for all citizens of Zahedan city.  Manuscript profile