Background and Objective: The most obvious effect of the dams is the change of the hydrological regime of the adjacent areas, among which these changes can be referred to the change in the base level of the adjacent aquifers. In this study, Karkheh dam and its effe
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Background and Objective: The most obvious effect of the dams is the change of the hydrological regime of the adjacent areas, among which these changes can be referred to the change in the base level of the adjacent aquifers. In this study, Karkheh dam and its effect on groundwater fluctuations in Abbas plain have been studied.
Method: In this study, the statistics of nearby stations, 192 exploitation wells and 24 piezometric wells were used. Numerical modeling of groundwater has been done by GMS software in Dasht-Abbas aquifer in the south of Ilam province in the water year of 2011-2012. This model was calibrated in two permanent (three months) and non-permanent (12 months) for one and a half years and then for one year.
Findings: The results of calibration indicate the optimal simulation of Dasht-Abbas aquifer and small differences in observational and computational values of water table level. Also, the results of water balance showed that the groundwater level in the years before the arrival of water Karkheh dam - 7.03 and after the completion of water supply channels of the positive plain balance and its amount has increased to 26.50 million cubic meters in the water year 2011-2012. Therefore, Karkheh Dam has a positive effect on the groundwater balance of the plain.
Discussion and Conclusion: From the study of groundwater balance in Dasht- Abbas, it is concluded that the calibrated model in stable and unstable state has been able to simulate the water level of piezometric wells with great accuracy. The hydrograph of the piezometric wells of Dasht-Abbas showed that the water level of Dasht-Abbas is increasing. The results of groundwater balance modeling showed that the reserve changes due to the water balance of Abbas plain are positive and show the upward trend of the plain hydrograph, increasing water table and the evaporation crisis.
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