Investigation of the Effect of Karkheh Dam on Ground Water Resources Using GMS Model (Case study: Dasht-Abbas, Dehloran)

Subject Areas : Water Resource Management

mohammadreza rezaei ¹ (M.Sc., Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran)
Shahla Paimozd ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran ٭ (Corresponding Author))
Ayad Aazami ³ (Member of Faculty of Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Ilam, Iran)

Received: 2018-04-12 Accepted : 2018-06-20 Published : 2020-05-21

Keywords: Groundwater, Dasht-Abbas, GMS, Numerical Model,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: The most obvious effect of the dams is the change of the hydrological regime of the adjacent areas, among which these changes can be referred to the change in the base level of the adjacent aquifers. In this study, Karkheh dam and its effect on groundwater fluctuations in Abbas plain have been studied. Method: In this study, the statistics of nearby stations, 192 exploitation wells and 24 piezometric wells were used. Numerical modeling of groundwater has been done by GMS software in Dasht-Abbas aquifer in the south of Ilam province in the water year of 2011-2012. This model was calibrated in two permanent (three months) and non-permanent (12 months) for one and a half years and then for one year. Findings: The results of calibration indicate the optimal simulation of Dasht-Abbas aquifer and small differences in observational and computational values ​​of water table level. Also, the results of water balance showed that the groundwater level in the years before the arrival of water Karkheh dam - 7.03 and after the completion of water supply channels of the positive plain balance and its amount has increased to 26.50 million cubic meters in the water year 2011-2012. Therefore, Karkheh Dam has a positive effect on the groundwater balance of the plain. Discussion and Conclusion: From the study of groundwater balance in Dasht- Abbas, it is concluded that the calibrated model in stable and unstable state has been able to simulate the water level of piezometric wells with great accuracy. The hydrograph of the piezometric wells of Dasht-Abbas showed that the water level of Dasht-Abbas is increasing. The results of groundwater balance modeling showed that the reserve changes due to the water balance of Abbas plain are positive and show the upward trend of the plain hydrograph, increasing water table and the evaporation crisis.  

References:

1. Pour Mohammadi, S., Dastorani, M., T. Masah-Bovani, A., Jafari, H. and Rahimian, M., H. (2015) A Model for Determining the Components of the Surface and Underground Water Balances of the Toyserkan Plain, The Knowledge of Water and Soil. 3: 281-296. (In Persian)


2. Ghobadian, R, Fattahi Chaghbaghi, A, and Zare, M. (2014) Effect of construction of irrigation and drainage network of Gavoshan Dam on groundwater resources of the Mian-Darband plain using GMS6.5 model. Water Research Journal in Agriculture. 28, 4. (In Persian)


3. Gholami, Z., and Fazl Ola, R, (2013) Simulation of Groundwater Fluctuations Using the GMS6 Model (Case Study: Sari-Neka Plain), Sixth National Conference on Watershed Management and Water and Soil Management. (In Persian)


4. Maheswaran, R., Khosa, R., Gosain, A. K., Lahari, S., Sinha, S. K., Chahar, B. R., and Dhanya, C. T. (2016). Regional scale groundwater modelling study for Ganga River basin. Journal of Hydrology, 541, 727-741.  


5. Lachaal, F., Mlayah, A., Bédir, M., Tarhouni, J., & Leduc, C. (2012). Implementation of a 3-D groundwater flow model in a semi-arid region using MODFLOW and GIS tools: The Zéramdine–Béni Hassen Miocene aquifer system (east-central Tunisia). Computers & geosciences, 48, 187-198.


6. Shokohi, F., Abde Kolah chi, A., Majidi, A., Yaghobi, B and Bakhshi, J. (2014). Modeling the groundwater flow of Tuyserkan plain using mathematical model GMS. The first national conference on architecture, civil engineering and urban environment, Hamedan, 45-61. (In Persian)


7. Karami, K., Zehtabian, G., Faramarzi, M and Khosravi, H. (2013). Investigating the effect of Karkheh dam irrigation networks on land use changes Using satellite images, Case study: Dasht-e Abbas semi-arid region Geographical Information Quarterly, 28,106:129-140. (In Persian)


8. Alizadeh, A. (2006) Principles of Applied Hydrology, Imam Reza University Press, p. 808. (In Persian)


9. Woodward, S. J., Wöhling, T., and Stinger, R. (2016). Uncertainty in the modelling of spatial and temporal patterns of shallow groundwater flow paths: The role of geological and hydrological site information. Journal of Hydrology, 534, 680-694.


10. Iwalewa, T. M., Elamin, A. S., and Kaka, S. I. (2016). A coupled model simulation assessment of shallow water-table rises in a Saudi Arabian coastal city. Journal of Hydro-environment Research, 12, 46-58.


11. Hornero, J., Manzano, M., Ortega, L., and Custodio, E. (2016). Integrating soil water and tracer balances, numerical modelling and GIS tools to estimate regional groundwater recharge: Application to the Alcadozo Aquifer System (SE Spain). Science of the Total Environment, 568, 415-432.


12. FAO Organization. (1973). Irrigation, Drainage and Salinity, an international source book. FAO/UNESCO, London, 510pp.