Basil is a medicinal herb and also a vegetable. Water and soil salinity is one of the major non-living stresses that reduce the growth and productivity of agricultural products all over the world. More than 800 million hectares of land around the world are saline and alkaline. In this experiment, five genotypes of basil (Iranian purple, black, ablaq, green and fiery red) were used as a split plot based on a completely random design with three replications, the main factor of which is salt stress at three levels (normal, medium stress and severe stress). and sub-factor including genotype (5 levels) were studied in pots and under greenhouse conditions in the crop year of 2023 in Kerman University of Advanced Education. The results showed that all the basil cultivars had the ability to withstand the salinity stress of 75 mM sodium chloride (moderate stress) and the values of vegetative and physiological characteristics were slightly reduced compared to the control treatment in such a way that no significant difference was observed in many cases. Application of salinity stress with the intensity of 135 mM sodium chloride (severe stress) caused the vegetative and physiological characteristics of all basil cultivars to decrease significantly and also at this stress level, the fiery basil cultivar was completely destroyed. In general, it can be stated that the basil cultivars used are highly sensitive to the level of more than 75 mM of salinity stress, and under salinity conditions, their vegetative and physiological characteristics are significantly reduced.
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