Developmental Biology: 2 (3)

Open Access Article

1 - Stereological study of changes of testicular tissue in Egyptian Fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) throughout the year
Farangis Ghassemi Esmat Abas Fard

Due to importance of bats in ecosystem and the limited information about reproduction of this useful organism, the spermatogenesis of the Egyptian Fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) was studied stereologically in three seasons, spring to autumn, as the first record. For More

Due to importance of bats in ecosystem and the limited information about reproduction of this useful organism, the spermatogenesis of the Egyptian Fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) was studied stereologically in three seasons, spring to autumn, as the first record. For this purpose, 7 male bats were captured by mistnet in Sangtārashan Cave (Fars- Jahrom ), and transferred to the laboratory at the end of every season. After anesthetization and dissection of bats, their testicles were removed and fixed after measuring. The sections (5μm) were prepared from fixed samples and stained. The volume of studied parameters was determined by using Cavallier method, and seminiferous diameters and testicular cells number were measured with stereo Lite software. Obtained data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis, and compared by Friedman test. According to obtained results, the testicles were in the scrotum out of the body with significant difference of weight and volume in the left and right testis, and the maximum weight (0.7650± 0.19g) and volume (862± 0.41 mm3) were in spring. The germ cells and many sperm were observed in the lumens in all seasons. The diameter of seminiferous tubule were different (P<0.05) between spring (235/90±1.06 µm) and autumn (227.82±1.29 µm) were observed. Maximum mean number of spermatocyt (294.6×106), sertoli (11.59×106) and lydig (39.30×106) were estimated in spring and the lowest of them in autumn, but the maximum number of spermatid (284.2 ×106) were in autumn. According to these results, the peak of sexual activity of this bat species is in spring and summer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation of the level of FGF12 gene expression in tissue samples of patients with colorectal cancer
Golshan Khalafian Malihe Entezari

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths Many studies have indicated that the signaling pathway of fibroblast growth factor is one of the effective pathways for growth and metastasis of tumor cells. Hence, the objective of More

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths Many studies have indicated that the signaling pathway of fibroblast growth factor is one of the effective pathways for growth and metastasis of tumor cells. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the level of FGF12 gene expression in tumor tissue and adjunct tumor tissue in patients with colorectal cancer. Methodology: Total RNA was extracted from 30 tumor tissues and 30 adjunct normal tissues in patients with colorectal cancer based on Qiagen RNeasy mini kit protocol and the cDNA was synthesized based on RevertAid First Strand cDNA Synthesis kit protocol. Specific primers for FGF12 and β-actin (internal control) genes were designed. Finally, the mRNA level of the studied genes was measured by using quantitative real-time PCR method. Data were analyzed using REST2009 and SPSSv23 software. Results: Comparing the mean expression of FGF12 gene in the tumor tissue compared to that in the adjacent normal tissue showed that a significant relationship was seen between two groups in terms of FGF12 gene expression with a total expression of 3.98 However, the expression of FGF12 gene was not significantly correlated with other clinical factors (P> 0.05). Conclusion: over-expression of FGF12 gene in colorectal cancer in normal tissue and increase in expression of FGF12 gene in this group were more in high-stage group compared to those in low-stage group, indicating that FGF12 gene may be used as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effect of propolis Alcoholic Extract on Oogenesis In NMRI mice in vivo
samaneh tohidi kazem parivar

Introduction:antioxidants prevent the occurrence of unwanted factors in the female reproductive system by absorbing free radicals in damaged cells which may cause damage to the cell's enzymes and DNA changes and infertility.Propolis is a resinous substance collected by More

Introduction:antioxidants prevent the occurrence of unwanted factors in the female reproductive system by absorbing free radicals in damaged cells which may cause damage to the cell's enzymes and DNA changes and infertility.Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from some plant sources to disinfect the hive's environment.The propolis is rich in antioxidants. Given that the infertility rate due to the production of oxidative esters has increased dramatically in recent decades, and on the other hand, propolis acts as an antioxidant. Method:There are five mouse groups in this study:Control group (Without receiving alcoholic extract of propolis), Sham group (receiving 1 cc distilled water for 30 days), experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 (Under the influence of concentrations of 0.75, 0.57 and 0.18 mg / ml of alcoholic extract of propolis, 1 cc for 30 days). All mice were autopsied after gavage completion and their uterus and ovaries were isolated and for final examinations were prepared for microscopic study after taking the necessary steps. Results: Propolis being a strong antioxidant, increased the number of all follicles except the atritic follicles and hence uterine layers of the endometrium and primetriumwere increased and the myometrial layer decreased. Conclusion:Gavage of propolis alcoholic significantly is effective on ovary follicls and uterus tissue Keywords: Alcoholic extract of propolis, Oogenesis, Uterus, Ovary Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Studying MiR-133 influencing the process of apoptosis of Cardiomyocytes floating in blood serum of patients suffering from acute Myocardial Infarction
shiva kasiolkheir changiz ahmadizadeh hoshang hosseinzadeh mogbeli

Abstract Background and goals: Myocardial Infarction is known as one of the most common disabling and threatening heart diseases resulted from irrevocable and degenerative cellular death in a part of heart muscle. After the discovery of miRNA in 1990 and the discovery o More

Abstract Background and goals: Myocardial Infarction is known as one of the most common disabling and threatening heart diseases resulted from irrevocable and degenerative cellular death in a part of heart muscle. After the discovery of miRNA in 1990 and the discovery of more than 2500 types of miRNA, gradually the importance of these mechanism regulators and molecular signals and gene routes were identified in the processes and the cellular mechanisms, specifically in cardiovascular system. The goal of this research is Studying MiR-133 influencing the process of apoptosis of Cardiomyocytes floating in blood serum of patients suffering from acute Myocardial Infarction Methods: To achieve our goals in this case-observation study type regarding miR-133, 70 patients in Shahid Madani Hospital in Tabriz in the year 2017 were investigated by Real time PCR and the data were compared with those of the healthy persons. The statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS (version19) and a t-test method. The amounts for P>0.05 were considered meaningful. Findings: The expression levels of miR-133 among patients suffering from MI have had a considerable increase compared with control group and it was meaningful statistically. (P=0.009). Also the results showed that miR-133expression among fat and normal people did not have a meaningful difference statistically (P=0.06). Conclusion: The present study showed that the expression of miR-133among individuals suffering from MI has been greater than healthy people and it can be utilized as an identification factor and also prognosis of the patients suffering from MI. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Monitoring Heavy Elements Cadmium, Nickel and Vanadium in Aquatic Plants, Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis in Hooralazim Wetland from Khuzestan Province
Nazanin Firozshahian Khoshnaz Payandeh sima sabz alipour

In aquatic ecosystems, aquatic plants are good biochemical indicators for monitoring heavy metals because they are stagnant in water and can determine contamination levels. This research was conducted in 2018 to investigate heavy metals of cadmium, nickel and vanadium i More

In aquatic ecosystems, aquatic plants are good biochemical indicators for monitoring heavy metals because they are stagnant in water and can determine contamination levels. This research was conducted in 2018 to investigate heavy metals of cadmium, nickel and vanadium in aquatic plants of straw (Phragmites australis) and Louisiana (Typha latifolia) of Horralzim wetland in Khuzestan province. Sampling was performed from three stations. In order to measure heavy elements was used to measure the induction plasma (ICP). The highest of cadmium in root of Phragmites australis was 1.486±0.020 mg Kg-1 and lowest concentration of this metal in stem of Typha latifolia was 0.036±0.001 mg Kg-1 (P<0.05). The highest of nickel in root of Typha latifolia was 4.770±0.045 mg Kg-1 and lowest concentration of nickel in stem of Phragmites australis was 0.843±0.072 mg Kg-1 (P<0.05). The highest of vanadium in root of Typha latifolia was 16.553±0.128 mg Kg-1 and lowest concentration of vanadium in stem of Phragmites australis was 3.136±0.015 mg Kg-1 (P<0.05).The concentrations of cadmium, nickel and vanadium were obtained in the root of Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia above the leaves and stems (P<0.05). Cadmium in the roots, stems and leaves of the Phragmites australis was higher than the Typha latifolia, but the amount of nickel and vanadium in the roots, stems and leaves of Typha latifolia were higher than Phragmites australis (P<0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Study of relation on breast cancer and rs3803662 polymorphism of TOX3 gene in Iranian female population by Tetra Arms PCR
elham siasi Bahare Ghane fatemeh ashrafi

Objective: TOX3 gene plays an important role in the risk of breast cancer in females. Polymorphisms were identified in this gene, that can associated with breast cancer. The aim of this study was relation between breast cancer and rs3803662 polymorphism of TOX3 gene in More

Objective: TOX3 gene plays an important role in the risk of breast cancer in females. Polymorphisms were identified in this gene, that can associated with breast cancer. The aim of this study was relation between breast cancer and rs3803662 polymorphism of TOX3 gene in Iranian females by Tetra Arms PCR. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 50 normal groups and 50 Breast cancer Patients. Then was extracted DNA from samples. Genotype frequency of this polymorphism in TOX3 gene were determined by using Tetra Arms PCR. Results: Genotyp frequency for TT, TC and CC in normal groups was 10%, 88% and 2%, and For patient groups was 6% , 50% and 44%, respectively. Frequency of CC recessive homozygous genotype of rs3803662 polymorphism in TOX3 gene between normal groups and breast cancer patients was statistical significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This research for first time was studied relation between the risk of breast cancer and presence of rs3803662 polymorphism in TOX3 gene in Iranian females. The results of this study was showed that presence of rs3803662 polymorphism in TOX3 gene, as genetic marker, can associated with breast cancer in Iranian female. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis on some physiological characteristics of maize (SC704) under water deficit condition
Ahmad Afkari

In order to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae on some physiological characteristics of maize (SC704) under water deficit condition, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with three replications was conducted at the physiology laborat More

In order to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae on some physiological characteristics of maize (SC704) under water deficit condition, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with three replications was conducted at the physiology laboratory of Islamic Azad University Branch Ardabili, during 2015. Studied factors were: water potential in four levels (Zero, -4, -8 and -12 MPa) and Seed pre-treatment with mycorrhizal fungus in four levels (no inoculation, Seed pre-treatment with Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizoglomus fasciculatum and Claroideoglomu etanicatum. The results showed that increasing water stress decreased chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content and increased soluble carbohydrates and proline compounds followed, The seeds were inoculated with rhizoglomus fasciculatum of increasing traits in comparison with non-inoculated, respectively. The results of the comparison of mean interactions of drought stress and mycorrhiza showed that The highest content of chlorophyll a (85.23 mg/g fresh weight), total chlorophyll (35.33 mg/g fresh weight) and leaf water content (45.8%) related to stress-free treatment and inoculated plants with rhizoglomus fasciculatum. In general, the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased the tolerance to water deficit stress through its effect on some physiological characteristics of corn. Manuscript profile

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