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Open Access Article
1 - Role of Childhood Trauma Dimensions in Predicting Social Cognition in Students
Ameneh Bakhshizadeh Hossein Ebrahimi Moghaddam Malek MirhashemiIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Spring 2024Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of childhood trauma in predicting social cognition. Methodology: The research method of this study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included stud MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of childhood trauma in predicting social cognition. Methodology: The research method of this study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included students of the Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Branch, with an age range of 20 years and above, with no history of any neurological or psychiatric disorders, acquired brain injury that caused loss of consciousness for more than 1 minute, substance abuse in the past 6 months (based on self-report), and a history of neurological disorders (such as epilepsy), who were studying in the year (1400-1401) and from among them, 336 students were selected through available sampling. To collect the data of this study, the eye-image mind-reading questionnaire (2001), (RMET), the Bernstein Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (2003) (CTQ), were used. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression method with SPSS-27 software. Findings: The findings showed that neglect (emotional and physical) was the strongest predictor of problems in social cognition in students. Conclusion: Consequently, this study provides evidence for the relationship between emotional and physical neglect and emotional understanding in healthy individuals, and shows that childhood trauma may affect social cognition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Native Package of Forgiveness based on Ancient Persian Literature with Worthington's Therapeutic Forgiveness on Emotional Dyslexia and Emotional Safety of Teenagers Attempting Suicide in Isfahan City
Reza Homaei Alireza Maredpour Armin MahmudiIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Spring 2024Purpose: The aim of the present study was the Compassion of treatment method forgiveness and compare it with effectiveness of Worthington method forgiveness of treatment on Alexithymia and Emotional Safety of Adolescents attempting Suicide in Isfahan. Methodology: The r MorePurpose: The aim of the present study was the Compassion of treatment method forgiveness and compare it with effectiveness of Worthington method forgiveness of treatment on Alexithymia and Emotional Safety of Adolescents attempting Suicide in Isfahan. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post- test and follow up with control group. The statistical population included all adolescents in the age group of 16 to 18 years who attempted suicide in Isfahan and sample size included 90 people, 30 of whom were randomly selected in the experimental group (treatment method forgiveness), 30 people in the experimental group (Worthington method forgiveness of treatment) and 30 in the control group and selected by available sampling method. Indigenous package based on ancient Persian literature of forgiveness (based on poems by Ferdowsi, Nezami, Khayyam, Molavi, Saadi and Roudaki) was implemented for adolescents who attempted suicide in the experimental group (in 8 sessions). Measurement tools included the 13- item Emotional Safety Questionnaire of Casey Family Service Center (2007) and the 20-item Alexithymia Questionnaire of Bagby, Parker and Taylor (1994). For data analysis, covariance analysis test with repeated measures was used. Findings: The results showed that there was a There was a significant difference between the effectiveness Worthington's forgiveness therapy and native package made by the researcher on the emotional safety of adolescents attempting suicide. Conclusion: There was also a There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of Worthington's forgiveness therapy and native package made by the researcher on emotional dyslexia of adolescents attempting suicide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Systematic Review of Effectiveness Studies Conducted Regarding Women Cosmetic Surgery in Iran
Ahmad Parsaei Elham khajaviIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Spring 2024Purpose: The aim of the current study was to systematically review the effectiveness studies conducted on women's cosmetic surgery in the last 5 years (2018-2023). Methodology: This study is a type of secondary research and is considered a systematic review according t MorePurpose: The aim of the current study was to systematically review the effectiveness studies conducted on women's cosmetic surgery in the last 5 years (2018-2023). Methodology: This study is a type of secondary research and is considered a systematic review according to the implementation method. Document analysis method was used to collect data, which included all published effectiveness studies (2018-2023) and a total of 16 studies were examined. The information obtained was made by the researcher's checklist tool and the summary of the contents was presented in the form of a table. Findings: What emerged from the review of articles published in the last 5 years was that the treatments that were targeted include positive psychotherapy; schema therapy; cognitive-behavioral therapeutic approach; interpersonal psychotherapy; self-belief based on choice theory; metacognitive therapy; emotion regulation skills; Acceptance and Commitment Therapy; body appreciation training; Self-healing training and cognitive therapy are based on mindfulness, and among them, therapy based on acceptance and commitment has received more attention. Conclusion: Despite the steep trend toward cosmetic surgery and the proof of the existence of psychological disorders and problems in people applying for cosmetic surgery, few researches have been recorded in the field of applying effective psychological treatments; Therefore, it is necessary for future researchers to pay special attention to this category. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Designing and Constructing a Tool for "Psychosocial Risks of Workplace"
Tahereh Esmaeili bidhendi Majid Barzegar Zahra NaghshIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Spring 2024Purpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a tool for assessment " Designing and Constructing a Tool for "Psychosocial Risks of Workplace" in 2023. Methodology: This research was conducted by reviewing the upstream texts and also by asking th MorePurpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a tool for assessment " Designing and Constructing a Tool for "Psychosocial Risks of Workplace" in 2023. Methodology: This research was conducted by reviewing the upstream texts and also by asking the opinions of experts (20 experts) in a mixed exploratory type of tool development. In order to collect data in the qualitative part, in addition to reviewing the texts, a semi-structured interview was also used, and in the quantitative part, the compiled tool of the qualitative part was used as the foundation of the research, and this way the qualitative part was mixed with the quantitative part. The method of data analysis was thematic analysis, calculation of CVR, CVI, IS, DP and IC. Findings: The findings of the qualitative part by reviewing the above documents showed the number of 69 effective components in psycho-social risks and their effects on the evaluation of the work environment, based on which the initial pool was prepared with 83 items. After providing the initial pool of items to the experts, the findings of the CVI and CVR review showed that 31 items were not of the required quality according to the experts and were removed. Regarding IS, DP and IC, values higher than 1.5, 1 and 0.7 were obtained for all the remaining 52 items, respectively. Conclusion: In general, it can be said that the prepared 52-item form has the necessary conditions for examination at the level of the main sample of the target group, and it can be used in a large sample of the target group to achieve the final structure and norm scores. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Rumination in Women Applying for Divorce
mozhgan sarempour Nadereh Sohrabi shekafteeIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Spring 2024Purpose: The healthiest human society is a society whose smallest unit, the family, is healthy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on rumination in women seeking divorce. Methodology: The current r MorePurpose: The healthiest human society is a society whose smallest unit, the family, is healthy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on rumination in women seeking divorce. Methodology: The current research design was an experimental design with pre-test-post-test-follow-up. In the present study, rumination questionnaire (1991) and compassion-focused treatment protocol were used. The statistical population included all women applying for divorce who referred to counseling and psychological centers in Shiraz. The sample consisted of 40 women applying for divorce who were selected through a purposeful method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups of compassion-focused therapy (20 people) and a control group (20 people). Findings: The results of data analysis showed that compassion-focused therapy was significantly effective in reducing rumination in women seeking divorce, so that the within group effect size was 0.56 and the between group effect size was 0.57 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, compassion-focused treatment can be used as an effective treatment method to reduce rumination in women applying for divorce. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Mediating Role of Marital Intimacy in the Relationship of Virtue and Empathy with Relationship Quality of Non-Clinical Couples
fatemeh hajizadeh seyed Ali kimiaee Hadis HoseiniIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Spring 2024Purpose: This research conducted with the aim of investigating was the mediating role of marital intimacy in the relationship between marital virtue and empathy with the quality of marital relationship. Methodology: The current research was a developmental research in MorePurpose: This research conducted with the aim of investigating was the mediating role of marital intimacy in the relationship between marital virtue and empathy with the quality of marital relationship. Methodology: The current research was a developmental research in terms of its purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of its method. The statistical population of the current study was all non-clinical married people living in Mashhad in 2023. Based on Cochran's formula, 400 people were selected as a sample. The sample individuals were selected by available sampling method. The tools used in this research were empathy interest questionnaire of Baron-Cohen (2003), marital intimacy questionnaire of Busby et al (1983), marital virtue questionnaire of Mousavi and Dehshiri (2018), marital relationship quality questionnaire of Thompson and Walker (1995). The data was analyzed by the statistical method of structural equations. Findings: The marital intimacy has a mediating role in the relationship between marital virtue and empathy with marital relationship quality (p<0.5). Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between marital virtue and empathy with marital intimacy and marital relationship quality. Conclusion: The marital virtue and empathy Through marital intimacy, they can predict the quality of marital relationship. Manuscript profile
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Open Access Article
1 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of FRIENDS’s Psychological Education, Short-Term Solution-Oriented Counseling and Aerobic Exercise on Students' communication Skills
Alireza Arkian Mohsen Jadidi Zainab MihandostIssue 43 , Vol. 11 , Winter 2022Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of FRIENDS psychological training, short-term solution-oriented therapy, and aerobic exercise (FitnessGram) on students’ communication skill. Methodology: The present study was quasi-experimental MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of FRIENDS psychological training, short-term solution-oriented therapy, and aerobic exercise (FitnessGram) on students’ communication skill. Methodology: The present study was quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest-follow-up stages and control group. The statistical population of this study included all adolescents aged 13 to 15 years old in the first grade of Tehran State High School in Kahrizak Education District in the academic year of 2019-2020. Forty students were selected as our sample with non-convenience sampling method utilizing G*Power software. The subjects were assigned randomly into 3 intervention groups and control group. First experimental group trained by the researcher for nine 60-minute group sessions of FRIENDS program; SFBT intervention implemented based on Gutterman advanced techniques for Solution-Focused Counseling Protocol in eight 90-minute group sessions; and the last experiment group trained in FitnessGram exercises nine-60 minutes sessions in three weeks. Barton communication questionnaire used to gather research data.Findings: Recruited data analyzed by MANOVA. Results showed a significant difference between the intervention groups in terms of communication skills in the pretest-posttest on feedback, verbal, and auditory subscales (p<0.009), (p<0.006), (p<0.001) respectively; Also in pretest and follow-up stage, feedback subscale (p<0.008) and auditory subscale (p<0.002) showed a significant difference between the intervention groups.Conclusion: Findings indicated that students could benefit psychoeducations in academic settings in order to improve their communication skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy (CBT) on Psychological Symptoms (Depression and Psychological Well-Being) in the Elderly
Nazanin Asghari Mohamad Ebrahim Madahi Addis Kraskian Mojamnari Robab SahafIssue 32 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2020Purpose: Elderly is a critical period of human life and awareness of the mental status of the elderly and effective psychological interventions can lead to the attainment of this period's mental health. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cog MorePurpose: Elderly is a critical period of human life and awareness of the mental status of the elderly and effective psychological interventions can lead to the attainment of this period's mental health. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy on psychological symptoms (depression and psychological well-being) in the elderly. Methodology: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control group. In a quasi-experimental study, 24 elderly women referred to Yas and Arman Shayan home rehabilitation centers in Tehran in 1396 were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two equal groups (12 patients each). Were. The intervention group received training in cognitive behavioral group therapy and the control group did not receive any training. The research tools were Elderly depression questionnaires and psychological well-being. Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software using multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings: The findings showed that CBT improved depression and psychological well-being in older women (P <0.05). This finding meant that the intervention led to an increase in psychological well-being in older women. On the other hand, a look at the values of significance level, chi square and test power showed that the intervention was effective and meaningful in the experimental group and its effectiveness was 0.43%. Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, CBT can improve hopefulness, lack of meaning, and decrease in elderly women by improving symptoms and negative psychological reactions such as depression, feelings of loss and loneliness. Anxiety of death and improving their attitude towards the future and themselves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The mediating Role of Perceived Social Support and Differentiation in Explaining Structural Relationships between Psychological Capital and Psychological Well-Being of Students
Mohammad Hossein Saket Rahim Davari Hassan Pasha SharifiIssue 1 , Vol. 12 , Summer 2024Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between psychological capital and psychological well-being by mediating perceived social support and differentiation of Islamic Azad University of Tehran province. Methodology: This stud MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between psychological capital and psychological well-being by mediating perceived social support and differentiation of Islamic Azad University of Tehran province. Methodology: This study was conducted using correlation method and structural equations. The statistical population consisted of all students of Azad University of Tehran in 1400. The sampling method was cluster sampling. The final sample was 426. Research Tools Included Reef Psychological Well-Being Scale (1989), Luthans and Avillo Psychological Capitals (2007), Zimet et al.'s Perceived Social Support (1988) and Scorn and Friedlander's Own Differentiation (1998). Questionnaires were completed online and collected. It was found that the total path coefficient between psychological capital and psychological well-being was positive and was significant at the level of (P<.01, β=0.479).Indirect path coefficient between psychological capitals and psychological well-being (P<0.01, β= 0.274) was positive and was significant at the level of 0.01. Findings: The results showed that both mediating variables including perceived social support and self-differentiation positively and significantly mediated the relationship between psychological capitals and psychological well-being in students.Conclusion: It seems that teaching self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience plays an important role in students' psychological well-being and ultimately leads to their adaptability and happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Relationship between Perfectionism and Early Maladaptive Fantasies with Imposter Syndrome in Female Students
Mehrnoush Kalayi Rad Nadia Madani Pour Mahdieh SalehiIssue 36 , Vol. 9 , Winter 2021Purpose: One of the personality traits that affect students' performance is the syndrome of hypocrisy (Imposter syndrome). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between perfectionism and the design of early maladaptive fantasies with Impos MorePurpose: One of the personality traits that affect students' performance is the syndrome of hypocrisy (Imposter syndrome). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between perfectionism and the design of early maladaptive fantasies with Imposter syndrome. She was a student girl. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study included all female students studying in the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology of the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch in 2017-17. By stratified random sampling method and based on Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table, 350 students were selected and Pretending Syndrome Questionnaire (Klans and Ames, 1978), Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire (Frost, 1990) and completed the Yang-form maladaptive schematic questionnaire (Yang, 2005). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions with simultaneous input method and SPSS 26 statistical software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between perfectionism and its dimensions (worry about mistakes, doubts about actions, parental expectations, parental criticism, personal standards and organization) with the symptoms of hypocrisy. Also, the results showed that although there is a significant correlation between the total score of the initial maladaptive schema and all its dimensions with the syndrome of hypocrisy, but only the dimensions of affected / unchanged self, inadequate self-control / self-discipline, emotional deprivation, Abandonment / instability, mistrust / abuse, social isolation / alienation, failure, dependence / inadequacy, vulnerability to harm and disease, obedience and emotional inhibition have been able to explain the changes associated with the syndrome of hypocrisy. Conclusion: Students with the syndrome of pretense, despite the external evidence of success, are incapable of internalizing success and unhealthy perfectionism and early maladaptive schemas are the characteristics of these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with Acceptance and Commitment-Based Therapy (ACT) on Reducing Depression and Life Expectancy in the Elderly with Empty Nest Syndrome
Mojdeh Sadat Hamidian Ahmad Torabie Soodabeh Kaviani Cherati Soheila Haji Esfandiari Mahsa Rohani OtaghsaraIssue 42 , Vol. 11 , Autumn 2022Purpose: Children leave home and suddenly feel empty at home leads to some discomfort and stress in the elderly, which is very frightening for them and it is called empty nest syndrome. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviora MorePurpose: Children leave home and suddenly feel empty at home leads to some discomfort and stress in the elderly, which is very frightening for them and it is called empty nest syndrome. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (Act) on reducing depression and life expectancy in the elderly with empty nest syndrome.Methodology: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this study includes the elderly present in the nursing home of Kola area of Sari. The statistical sample size of this part of the study was 30 according to the nature of the study method. The research instruments are Beck Depression Inventory, Schneider et al.'s Life Exam Questionnaire, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Based Therapy.Findings: Based on the findings of the present study, it was found that cognitive-behavioral therapy has been effective on depression in the elderly with empty nest syndrome. Cognitive-behavioral therapy has been effective on life expectancy of the elderly with empty nest syndrome. Empty Nest Syndrome has been effective, treatment based on acceptance and commitment to life expectancy of the elderly has been effective Empty Nest Syndrome.Conclusion: It was found that acceptance and commitment therapy was more effective than cognitive-behavioral therapy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparison of the effectiveness of optimism training, emotion regulation and mindfulness training in reducing academic burnout in students with test anxiety
Amirreza Rasam Ozra Ghaffari Abbas Abolghasemi Mansour BeyramiIssue 35 , Vol. 9 , Winter 2020Test anxiety is one of the most common problems among students that causes behavioral problems in addition to academic problems. Exam anxiety is associated with a variety of factors, and there are various ways to do it. One of the factors associated with exam anxiety is MoreTest anxiety is one of the most common problems among students that causes behavioral problems in addition to academic problems. Exam anxiety is associated with a variety of factors, and there are various ways to do it. One of the factors associated with exam anxiety is students' academic apprehension. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of different educational programs (optimism, emotion regulation and mindfulness) in reducing academic anxiety in students with test anxiety. In this regard, four groups of students with test anxiety were randomly selected and three groups were trained as program (optimism, emotion regulation and mindfulness) for eight sessions and one group as control group. The results of pre-test and post-test of groups on students' academic achievement were compared and analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (ssps). In the present study, the results showed the effectiveness of all three methods of training in reducing academic burnout, but mindfulness training was the most effective method with the highest difference, followed by optimism and emotion regulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Relationship between Academic Burnout and Academic Self-Handicapping with Mediation of Emotional Intelligence
Shahrbano Yazdani Behrang EsmaeilishadIssue 41 , Vol. 11 , Summer 2022Purpose: The purpose was the investigation of relationship between academic burnout and academic self-handicapping with mediation of emotional intelligence. Methodology: The study is applied in terms of purpose. As for methodology is a descriptive and correlational. Th MorePurpose: The purpose was the investigation of relationship between academic burnout and academic self-handicapping with mediation of emotional intelligence. Methodology: The study is applied in terms of purpose. As for methodology is a descriptive and correlational. The statistical population consists of 105 physical education students of North Khorasan Islamic Azad University in Academic year 2016-17. Based on the Cochran's formula, 83 person were selected by stratified random sampling based on their degree. The Brosseau’s academic burnout inventory (1997), Jones and Rodwellt’s academic self-handicapping questionnaire (1982), and Wizinger's Emotional Intelligence questionnaire (1998) were used. Data analysis was analyzed using structural equations and SPSS 21 and Pls 3 software. Finding: Findings showed that academic burnout and academic self-disability of students are moderate and emotional intelligence is desirable. Academic burnout has a positive relationship with academic self-handicapping, ie it has a positive effect on its increase. Emotional intelligence is negatively related to academic burnout and self-handicapping, ie it has a reduction effect. Conclusion: To reduce academic self- handicapping, students' emotional intelligence should be strengthened to reduce academic burnout. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Presenting a structural model of couple intimacy based on sexual satisfaction with the mediating role of marital commitment and marital quality of life
Zahra Jani Ali Delavar Abolfazl Karami Behzad ShoghiIssue 1 , Vol. 12 , Summer 2024Introduction: Having intimate relationships in people's marital and family life is the most important emotional challenge in their lives. A person who experiences a higher degree of intimacy in relationships is able to present himself in a more favorable way in relation MoreIntroduction: Having intimate relationships in people's marital and family life is the most important emotional challenge in their lives. A person who experiences a higher degree of intimacy in relationships is able to present himself in a more favorable way in relationships and express his needs more effectively to his partner and spouse. In addition, spouses who have a higher level of intimacy have more marital satisfaction. According to what was said, the aim of the present study was to provide a structural model of couple intimacy based on sexual satisfaction with the mediation of marital commitment and marital quality of life.Methodology: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlational data analysis. The statistical population of the research includes all married women who referred to health centers in Tehran in 2018, according to the required sample size in the analysis of Klein's structural equations, 360 people were selected as a sample, and Larson's (1988) sexual satisfaction scale, Vondenbroek couple's intimacy and Bertman (1995), completed the marital commitment scale of Adams and Jones (1997) and the quality of marital life of Busby et al. (1995). The data of the research was done in the inferential part (using multivariate analysis of structural equation modeling (SEM) with the help of Excel, SPSS and Amos software.Findings: The findings showed that there is a relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital intimacy, between sexual satisfaction and marital commitment and quality of marital life, between marital commitment and quality of marital life and marital intimacy. Also, the findings showed that sexual satisfaction has an effect on the intimacy of couples through the mediating variables of marital commitment (1.02) and marital quality of life (0.7). Finally, the findings showed the fit of the model.Discussion: Sexual satisfaction is one of the most important factors that affect the quality and stability of a couple's relationship. A successful marriage is often associated with the satisfaction of the parties from sexual relations. Sexual satisfaction increases self-esteem, life satisfaction, ability to love, relationship satisfaction and emotional satisfaction and feeling happy in life. The relationship between sexual dissatisfaction and couples' intimacy problems shows that couples' satisfaction with their sexual relationship is one of the most important factors affecting couples' intimacy.Conclusion: It is suggested to the officials and planners of the mental health of the society to help strengthen the foundation of the family by considering intimacy in couples and strengthening it by couple therapists, psychologists and counselors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Investigating the Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation in the Relationship between Attachment Styles and Emotional Literacy with a Tendency to Extramarital Relationships
Nastaran Shalchian Pourkhaljan Javanshir Asadi Ramazan Hassanzadeh Afsaneh Khajevand KhoshaliIssue 43 , Vol. 11 , Winter 2022Purpose: The tendency to extramarital relationships is most critical issues for couples and it seems that marital relationships are formed based on attachment and emotion and regulate it is integral part of this relationship. The aim of this study was to investigate the MorePurpose: The tendency to extramarital relationships is most critical issues for couples and it seems that marital relationships are formed based on attachment and emotion and regulate it is integral part of this relationship. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between attachment styles and emotional literacy with a tendency to extramarital relationships.Methodology: The research method was correlational. The statistical population included a population of approximately 10,000 women with experience of infidelity of husbands who in 2019 referred to the family court and counseling centers and psychological services in Tehran. According to Morgan and krejcie table, 373 people were selected by cluster sampling. The research tools were; attitudes toward infidelity scale of Whatley (2008), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of Garnfsky et al (2001), Emotional literacy subscale from the scale of psychological functions of Iranian family of Kimiaei et al. (2012) and Adult Attachment Questionnaire of Hazan and Shawar (1987). Data analysis was performed using structural equations and SPSS-25 and Amos-24 software.Findings: The research model had a good fit. The direct effect of attachment styles was significant on the tendency to extrasensory relationships (P<0.01). Was significant indirect effect of attachment styles and emotional literacy mediated by negative emotion regulation and the indirect effect of avoidant attachment mediated by positive emotion regulation on the tendency to extramarital relationships (P<0.05).Conclusion: Increasing cognitive emotion regulation based on attachment and emotional literacy can be way to reduce tendency to extramarital relationships. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The role of spouse’s personality traits in the emergence of marital challenges and conflicts and dysfunctional and un sustainable marriages
Talat Ahangar ahmad borjali Mehdi DavaeiIssue 2 , Vol. 12 , Autumn 2024Several factors threaten marital relations and cause the couple’s intimacy to wear out, which ultimately lead the spouses to the occurrence of marital conflicts. Therefore,the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors of the formation MoreSeveral factors threaten marital relations and cause the couple’s intimacy to wear out, which ultimately lead the spouses to the occurrence of marital conflicts. Therefore,the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors of the formation of marital conflicts in dysfunctions in dysfunctional and un sustainable marriages.The method of this research was qualitative and the foundation data method.The study population included 20 premarital, family and couple counselors and psychologists in Tehran who had at least five years of counseling experience.The participants were and accessible sampling.The analysis of the interviews led to the identification of 4 open codes and central codes and the selected code “marital challenges and conflicts and dysfunctional and un sustainable marriage”.Data analysis showed that multifaceted factors play arole in marital conflicts. Individual factors (characteristics),communication, main family pattern and satisfaction of basic needs are among the desired factors. The strategies extracted from the research,in order to prevent marital conflicts, the main family model should be modified for this purpose, the patterns of attachment and privacy of the husband and wife system should be taken into consideration.The result obtained from the research be the personality traits of irresponsibility pessimism,aloofness,instability,dominance,lack of agreement and mutual understanding,and narcissism-communication skills(problem solving skills,lack of conflict resolution skills)play a negative role in marital interactions and cause the accumulation of unpleasant feelings,anger and helplessness impulsiveness, and as a result,marital conflicts are formed.Paying attention to personality traits and teaching practical communication skills before marriage have been effective factors on the quality of couples’ interactions. Manuscript profile
