Vahid Mohammadi Articles List

List of Articles Vahid Mohammadi

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1 - Factors affecting livelihood diversity of farmers with wells in the Zanjan township
Vahid Mohammadi jafar yaghoubi

Rural areas and the agricultural sector are facing various risks that affect people's livelihoods; therefore, livelihood diversity is necessary. The aim of this research was to identify the factors affecting the livelihood diversity of farmers with water wells in Z More

Rural areas and the agricultural sector are facing various risks that affect people's livelihoods; therefore, livelihood diversity is necessary. The aim of this research was to identify the factors affecting the livelihood diversity of farmers with water wells in Zanjan township. The statistical population of the research was farmers with water wells in Zanjan township (N = 8017); using Cochran's formula, 367 people were selected as a sample by the cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by researchers in the field of livelihood diversity and its reliability through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.97–0.94). Data analysis was done using SPSS26 software, and central indicators, correlation analysis, and multivariate regression were used. The results showed that the average livelihood diversity index of people based on the Simpson index was 0.13 with a standard deviation of 0.03, which indicates that the farmers had low livelihood diversity. The results of the investigation of the factors affecting the livelihood diversity of farmers using step-by-step linear regression analysis showed that five variables—the amount of actual water yield of a personal well, the amount of garden size, the amount of bureaucracy in issuing licensing for rural workshops, the amount of cultivation of irrigated products, and the amount of inability to buy basic needs—accounted for 78% of the variance of respondents' livelihood diversity. Based on research results, recommended to focus on smallholder farmers in livelihood empowerment programs; facilitate the start-up of non-agricultural businesses for farmers. Manuscript profile
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2 - Assessing Educational Applications of Virtual - Social Networks and Its Social Harms as Perceived by Agricultural Students (the Case of College of Agriculture, Zanjan University)
jafar yaghoubi Vahid Mohammadi

The purpose of this study was to study the educational applications of virtual social networks and their social harms from the perspective of agricultural students. Descriptive-correlation method with survey technic was used in this study. A questionnaire was used to co More

The purpose of this study was to study the educational applications of virtual social networks and their social harms from the perspective of agricultural students. Descriptive-correlation method with survey technic was used in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The face validity of the questionnaire was approved by a panel of academic experts. Pre-test and calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used to measure the reliability and the value of this coefficient was higher than 0.75. Agricultural students in Zanjan University formed the population of the study (N=1102) and samples were selected using stratified random sampling (n=150). Results showed that educational applications of virtual social networks were summarized in four factors including: teaching notification and exchange of lesson content and teaching assignments, interactive communication of conferences and research resources, Interact with classmates and share news and educational videos, and searching of student affairs and sport and exchange of educational material between students. These factors explained 63.65% of the total variance. Results of confirmatory factor analysis of harms of virtual social networks showed that these harms were summarized in six factors including: insulting ethnicities and religions and spreading verbal intolerance, reducing public confidence and expanding fake identity, waste of time and academic failure, publishing false information and increase unhealthy relationship, reduce in person communication and publishing immoral material. Considering the considerable amount of time spent by students in virtual social networks, regardless of whether it is positive or negative, it is necessary to plan this capacity for optimal and useful training. Manuscript profile
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3 - Barriers to Effective Use of Virtual Social Networks in Agricultural Extension and Education
Vahid Mohammadi Jafar Yaghoubi Ali Shams Soheil Nosrati

The purpose of the study was to investigate the barriers of effective use of virtual social networks in agricultural extension and education activities of Agricultural Jihad Organization of Zanjan province. The instrument for collecting data of this descriptive-correlat More

The purpose of the study was to investigate the barriers of effective use of virtual social networks in agricultural extension and education activities of Agricultural Jihad Organization of Zanjan province. The instrument for collecting data of this descriptive-correlation study was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by a panel of academic experts. Pre-test and calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used to measure the reliability (α = 0/87- 0/94). Agricultural experts in Agricultural Jihad Organization of Zanjan province in 2018 formed the population of the study (N=346) and samples were selected using stratified random sampling (n=105). Results of confirmatory factor analysis of barriers to effective use of virtual social networks in agricultural extension and education activities has been summarized in nine factors including: Low relevant and correct agricultural information with low security, administrative and social insecurity and lack of culture of the educational use of social networks, farmer's limited use of virtual social networks, negative organizational and managerial norms in using virtual social networks, financial and legal barriers in organization, inconsistent information and lack of local information, lack of professional and adequate knowledge of experts and outside computers. These factors explained 72.54% of the total variance. Due to considerable amount of useful time that experts and farmers allocated to virtual social networks, it is recommended that to plan for this optimal and useful application of this capacity agricultural extension and education activities. Manuscript profile

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List of Articles Vahid Mohammadi