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List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Impacts of climate change adaptation strategies on smallholder farmers food security
saeede sadat ebrahimi farhad lashgarara seyed mahdi mirdamadi maryam omidi najaf abadiThus, this study was done to investigate the impacts of climate change adaptation strategies on smallholder household food security among horticultural crop farmers. 456 farmers were selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data coll MoreThus, this study was done to investigate the impacts of climate change adaptation strategies on smallholder household food security among horticultural crop farmers. 456 farmers were selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data collection consisting of four sections. Data were analyzed with structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 3.0. 89 percent of households were anxious and uncertain about food supply, 76 percent were households with insufficient food quality, and 71 percent did experience the inadequate quantity of food intake and its physical consequences. Also, farming and non-farming strategies had a positive and significant impact on the role of farmers in adapting to climate change, while infrastructure and support strategies had a significant impact on the role of government and rural institutions in adapting to climate change. In addition, the effect of the role of farmers and the role of government and rural institutions in improving the dimensions of food security was positive and significant, but only in relation to the role of farmers on food consumption was not observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Analyzing the causes and factors influencing the migration of elites from the rural settlements of Cherdavel City Ilam province
Alireza Jamshidi Davood Jamini Saeed Soltani Bahram, the main goal of the current research is to investigate the causes and factors influencing the migration of rural elites in Cherdavel City located in Ilam province. The statistical population of the present study includes all the elites living in rural areas in the ce More, the main goal of the current research is to investigate the causes and factors influencing the migration of rural elites in Cherdavel City located in Ilam province. The statistical population of the present study includes all the elites living in rural areas in the central part of Cherdavel City, and 30 people have been selected and studied as a statistical sample. The tool used in this research includes a researcher-made questionnaire whose content (form) and structural validity and reliability were verified using composite reliability. Data analysis was done through correlation analysis and pattern finding of structural equations using SPSS and Smart PLS software. The preliminary results of the evaluation of the model studied in this research showed that the model has acceptable fit indices. The results of the correlation test showed a significant and negative relationship between the independent variables (natural factors, cultural-social factors, economic factors, service-welfare factors, scientific-educational factors, and psychological factors) with the desire to migrate among the rural elites studied in Cherdavel City of There is the province of Ilam. Also, the modeling of structural equations showed that they had the most influence on the dependent variable, respectively, economic factors (γ = -0.727, t = 42.75), scientific-educational factors (γ = -0.35, 06 t = 9.), natural factors (γ = 0.169, t = 5.6). In general, the independent variables studied have explained 75.6% of the changes in the variance of the migration tendency of the rural elite. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Explain the Sustainable Management Extension Strategies of Zagros Oak Forest Basin
Davood Negahdari Alireza Poursaeed Roya Eshraghi Samani, mohamad bagher arayesh Behrooz NaseriCurrently, the protection and sustainable management of forest ecosystems in the Zagros vegetation area has always been the main concern of activists and officials in this area. On the other hand, the agricultural Extension as an interdisciplinary science examines the p MoreCurrently, the protection and sustainable management of forest ecosystems in the Zagros vegetation area has always been the main concern of activists and officials in this area. On the other hand, the agricultural Extension as an interdisciplinary science examines the phenomenon of decline of Zagros oak forests from a sociological and psychological perspective, as well as from an agricultural and rural perspective, and offers strategies that maintain the sustainability of natural resources while maintaining livelihoods. Also elevate. the present study aimed to Explain the Sustainable Management Extension Strategies of Zagros Oak Forest by using SWOT method. In this regard, internal and external factors were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 scientific and executive experts in the provinces of Zagros basin in the form of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Additionally, they were identified through line-by-line analysis in the form of common content and using MAXqda12 software analysis. In the next step, the internal and external factors questionnaire was adjusted and and the weight factor of each factor was calculated and the identified strategies were prioritized based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix.Considering the results in the internal and external factor evaluation matrix for the sustainable management of forests in the basin, as well as the dominance of weaknesses in the external factor evaluation matrix and threats in the internal, defensive pattern was more prioritized for managing the forests sustainably compared to the other strategic patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Analysis of organizational challenges in the development of the use of modern irrigation systems with an emphasis on the modernized low-pressure irrigation system
arezo mokhtari hesari Alireza NematiOptimal management of water resources is a necessity in response to increased pressure on limited water resources around the world. This will be possible to a large extent by using technologies that increase water productivity. Due to the development of technologies to MoreOptimal management of water resources is a necessity in response to increased pressure on limited water resources around the world. This will be possible to a large extent by using technologies that increase water productivity. Due to the development of technologies to improve water productivity faces several challenges, so the current study aimed to determine and analyze organizational challenges in Development of Application of Low Pressure Irrigation System in East Azerbaijan Province. Data collection was performed using semi structured interview method. We conduct an interview with experts of irrigation, soil and agricultural extension sectors as well as famers who had a purposeful use of technics. In order to achieving appropriate research validity, we applied triangulation -data sources and monitored them by the experts. Statistical analysis was performed using MAXQDA software version 10 based on basic theory including open, oriented and optional coding stage. The result indicates that based on there were 8 main categories, 24 sub-categories as well as 165 conceptual units. Organizational challenges were infrastructural barriers (21/82%), economic barriers(21/21%), difect in monitoring and evaluation(16/97%), cognitive-educational barriers(13/33%), low levels of participation and cooperation(9/70%), political barriers(9/09%), poor research(6/06%), and lack of employee motivation(1/82%). According to the respondents, the most frequency was related to insufficient allocated budget, lack of supervision over private companies and farmers' financial weakness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Analyzing extension- education methods about combating the drought in agricultural sector: a case study in Hamedan County
Mariam Yosefi Mohamadi Reza Movahedi Heshmatollah SaadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the extension methods about combating the drought in agricultural sector from the view points of the agricultural experts and farmers in Hamedan. The research was an applied research on the basis of the purpose, and it was a MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the extension methods about combating the drought in agricultural sector from the view points of the agricultural experts and farmers in Hamedan. The research was an applied research on the basis of the purpose, and it was a surveying study in terms of data gathering. Data were gathered through a questionnaire tool. The study population included both 8443 farmers and 135 agricultural experts from Hamedan County in 2020. Of those 367 farmers and 100 agricultural experts were selected by using Cochran's formula respectively. Validity of the questionnaire (face validity) was confirmed by the agricultural extension professors from Bu-Ali Sina University. To evaluate the reliability of the research instrument, Cronbach's alpha was used during a pre-test and it was 0.94 for the research' questions (extension education methods). The results showed that the most important extension methods to control drought which agreed with both farmers and experts were: training by local leaders, visiting demonstration farms, use advisory services. The results also showed that according to factor analysis of the farmers' views, extension methods to combat drought can be summarized in 4 groups including: extension and advisory services, transfer information by local communities, people and magazines, training with local leaders and councils, watching extension films and visiting extension agents. According to factor analysis of the experts' views, extension methods to combat drought can be summarized in 4 categories, which are: visit tours, using extension publications, using information networks, using cooperatives, village municipality and councils' capacities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Identifying the obstacles to the export of agricultural products in Hormozgan province using grounded theory
Jafar Yaghoubi Mohammad Behroozi Haydar GholizadehThe agricultural sector as a commercial sector in Iran has important advantages can help as an important economic sector for the development of non-oil exports. Despite having a relative advantage in the production of some agricultural products, this sector unfortunatel MoreThe agricultural sector as a commercial sector in Iran has important advantages can help as an important economic sector for the development of non-oil exports. Despite having a relative advantage in the production of some agricultural products, this sector unfortunately does not have a significant contribution to the country's exports and foreign exchange earnings. According to the above problem, the purpose of this study was to identify the obstacles to the export of agricultural products. The approach of this study was qualitative and grounded theory methodology was used in this study. Data in this study were collected by using semi-structured interviews with 17 exporters of agricultural products in Hormozgan province. By analyzing the content of the interviews, 100 conceptual propositions related to the purpose of the research were extracted during open coding. These concepts were categorized into 22 subcategories during axial coding and then into 6 general categories during selective coding. According to this category, the most important obstacles to the export of agricultural products include Inefficiencies in the production stage of products, policy and legal obstacles, inefficient infrastructure and bureaucracy, hardware and software inefficiency of the customs system, insufficiency and high cost of the sea transportation system, and problems of sales management and transfer of export currency resulting from the restriction. Manuscript profile
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