The increasingly process of divergence tendencies in Europe has guided the mind to study this contradiction phenomenon, whereas it is in direct contrast with the very existence of the European Union. The EU, founded with the cause of forming a federation, is now facing
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The increasingly process of divergence tendencies in Europe has guided the mind to study this contradiction phenomenon, whereas it is in direct contrast with the very existence of the European Union. The EU, founded with the cause of forming a federation, is now facing the challenge of divergence and division. Assuming cultural differences and different identities at national and sub-national levels in EU as underlying assumptions, this research by using analytical- descriptive method tries to understand the dysfunctions of EU common policy on identity- building? In response to the question “what are the impacts of national and sub-national identities including ethnic, religious and cultural on the integration of EU?” the hypothesis has been given here is that “the national and sub-national identities of EU through forming resistance identity in two levels of national and sub-national making the most important challenge for the project identity of EU based on integration. The tendencies to national and sub-national identity increased in comparing to super-national identity. Despite EU’s efforts to making policy on common identity, the levels of supranational loyalties are far away from the expected level. In turn, the predisposition toward national and sub-national and also separating from supranational identity. The EU approach of common identity making is project one which is in contradiction with the procedural nature of identity. This issue causes reaction and strengthening of resistance identities visa versus the instructional nature of EU project identity. So EU witnesses the increasing of national and sub-national divergent across the EU members.
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