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Open Access Article
1 - Phylogenetic survey of chloroplast matK sequences in some medicinal plant species of Mentheae tribe (Lamiaceae) with emphasis on Zhumeria majdae Rech. & Wendelbo.
Hamed Khodayari Elham Khalili fourogh Sanjarian Yunes AsriThe aim of this research is elucidation of molecular taxonomic and phylogenetic relationship between Zhumeria and other genera of Mentheae tribe using sequencing of chloroplastic matk gene. The aim of this research is taxonomic and phylogenetic status of Mentheae tribe MoreThe aim of this research is elucidation of molecular taxonomic and phylogenetic relationship between Zhumeria and other genera of Mentheae tribe using sequencing of chloroplastic matk gene. The aim of this research is taxonomic and phylogenetic status of Mentheae tribe with emphasis Zhumeria majdae Resh. f. & Wendelbo. (Moorkhosh) belonged to Lamiaceae family that endemic of Hormozgan province, Iran and it have not been reported in elsewhere, using sequencing of chloroplastic gene matK. Zhumeria majdae has long been used in traditional medicine as antispasmodic, antimicrobial, carminative especially in infants and for dysmenorrheal. The therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants are often attributed to their antioxidant properties. It is used for treatment of the stomach ulcer, headache, reduce pain, cold and healing of wounds. The methods are as follow: Extraction of DNA, amplification of a part of matk by specific primers, DNA sequencing, and sequence analysis by FINTCH TV software, drawing phylogenetic tree by PAUP software. The heuristic search of the Cladogram analysis resulted in 10000 shortest trees, 3 tree with lengh of 20 steps and statistic coefficient (Retention index = 0.963) and Consistencies index=0.950. In the trees resulting from maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods, Mentheae tribe was monophyletic and composed of three distinct monophyletic clades (subtribes Menthinae, Salviinae and Nepetinae). The The tree derived from the combined data matrix, including in-group and out-group taxa, has a total of 74 sequences. results of this study showed that Zhumeria majdae grouped with Salvia clad. Our results comfirm previous studies done by morphological, trnL-F, psbA-trnH and ribosomal DNA phylogeny. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Optimization of inulin extraction from Cynara scolymus L. root using response surface methodology (RSM)
Mohammad Mohsenzadeh Jalal Ehsani Morteza Khomeiri azem Ghasem NejadInulin is a low digestable or indigestible fiber which is found in various plants. Inulin amount ranging from 1% in Banana to more than 15% in Chicory roots changing. It has a positive impact on the composition of the intestinal flora, mineral absorption, blood lipid co MoreInulin is a low digestable or indigestible fiber which is found in various plants. Inulin amount ranging from 1% in Banana to more than 15% in Chicory roots changing. It has a positive impact on the composition of the intestinal flora, mineral absorption, blood lipid composition and prevents colon cancer. Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is one of the most important sources of inulin. The aim of the present study was extraction of inulin from artichoke root and optimization of extraction conditions to achieve the highest extraction efficiency. For this purpose, the artichoke roots were collected from the research stead of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in september 2015 and inulin extraction with using of warm water solvent and response surface methodology (RSM)and central composite design (CCD) was performed. Response surface methodology in comparison to voluminous methods such as full factorial is preferred. In this technique for optimization of inulin extraction process, three variables extraction time (35-65 min), extraction temperature (55-95 °C) and the ratio of water to the roots (3:1 to 9:1)as independent variables were considered and their effect on the extraction efficiency of inulin were examined. After performing experiments, linear, 2FI and quadratic models on the inulin extraction yield were evaluated, also lack of fit test, coefficient of determination (R2)and Adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adjusted) for investigation the adequacy of the model were calculated. Study of the lack of fit test as well as R2 and R2adjusted values were showed the suitability of quadratic model. This model was used to find the best condition of extraction process with maximum efficiency. Results showed that the optimum condition for extraction of inulin with highest extraction yield (8.01%) related to temperature (95 °C), time (35.67 min) and ratio of water to root (9:1) with desirability of (92%). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The effect of extraction time on essential oil composition of 4 genotype of Rosa damascene Mill.
Mehdi Mirza Mehr Dokht Najafpour NavaeiIn this research, due to investigation the effect of extraction time on essential oil composition of 4 genotype of Rosa damascene Mill., the petals of four genotypes of this plant were collected from Rose fields (1320m) of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelan MoreIn this research, due to investigation the effect of extraction time on essential oil composition of 4 genotype of Rosa damascene Mill., the petals of four genotypes of this plant were collected from Rose fields (1320m) of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands -Tehran. Essential oils were obtained for 30-150 minutes by hydro- distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results were showed that the major common components included: citronelol (59%), geraniyol (25.8%) and linalool were higher than other genotype in Semnan and the best time for extraction was 90 minutes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis L. and Achillea millefoliom L. from Kerman province
syed Mohammad Ali Vakili ShahrbabakiSalvia officinalis L. and Achillea millefoliom L. have been reported as an antioxidant, anti infection and anti inflammatory. In this study aerial parts of both of plants in blooming were collected in June 2014 (1700m) from their natural habitats in Kerman provinc MoreSalvia officinalis L. and Achillea millefoliom L. have been reported as an antioxidant, anti infection and anti inflammatory. In this study aerial parts of both of plants in blooming were collected in June 2014 (1700m) from their natural habitats in Kerman province. Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC/MS. Total phenol content was measured by Folin–Ciocalteau method and their antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH. Results were showed that the oil of Salvia officinalis L. had higher amount of phenolic compounds (1.8 mg E GA/ml) and antioxidant activity(99.48% radical scavenging). The camphor (33.6%), α-tujene (25.4%) and 1,8-cineole(13.8%) were the most components of S.officinalis L. essential oil, respectively and the 1,8-cineole (22.3%), carvacrol (15%) and γ-terpinene were the most components of A.millefolium L. These results were confirmed that the secondary metabolites of these plants possess antioxidant activity and could be used as a natural antioxidant ingredient in food and drug industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The evaluation of the absorption of some secondary metabolites (betulin, betulinic acid, phenol, flavonoids) and antioxidant activity of wood-inhabiting fungi on Betula pendula(L) Roth. in Golestan province
Jameleh Nazari, vahedeh Payamnoor Mohammad Reza Kavosi.Wood-inhabiting fungi are absorbing the food needs and secondary metabolites from their hosts and are a source of great medical and bio-active elements. This research was conducted for the first time on xylophillous macroscopic fungi of Birch tree species (Betula More.Wood-inhabiting fungi are absorbing the food needs and secondary metabolites from their hosts and are a source of great medical and bio-active elements. This research was conducted for the first time on xylophillous macroscopic fungi of Birch tree species (Betula pendula), located in Siyamarzkoh forests in Golestan province. The two secondary metabolites betulin and betulinic acid with valuable anti-cancer properties are synthesized in the various species of Birch bark. Due to the fact that the Birch species are under station in Iran and extracting the active compounds from the bark of this tree is the impossible, In order to achieve this objective, identification of macroscopic fungi which are inhabiting under the bark of this plant, measuring the ability to absorb the active ingredient of betulin and betulinic acid in the fungi detected by using HPLC and also assess the amount of phenols (Folin–Ciocalteurmethod), flavonoids(according to the method of Alcl3colorimetric) and antioxidant activity (by DPPH method) of fungi in different solvents, were conducted .The results showed that two species of fungi were identified including: Hyphodontia paradoxa and Stereum hirsutum that the both species had the ability to absorb the active ingredient from their hosts. The absorption rate of host secondary metabolite, antioxidant properties, phenols and flavonoids were significantly different at the level of 0.01 percent. Amount of total phenol, betulin and betulinic acid in the S. hirsutum had a significant advantage over other fungus. Between the two solvents (methanol and ethanol), there was no significant difference in the amount of phenol and antioxidant properties, while the amount of flavonoid that extracted with ethanol was more than methanol. Based on the results and the presence of secondary metabolites in fungal tissue, they could be introduced as a new source of natural drugs to the society Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The study variation of phytochemical and antioxidant activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. irrigated with magnetized saline water (Golestan province)
madeh Ahmadi, Azem Ghasemnezhad Ali Reza Sadeghi Mahoonak Abbas Rezaie AslStevia rebaudiana Bertoni. is one of the valuable medicinal plants, in which extremely used in pharmaceutical and nutritional industries as a sources of non-calories sugar. The present experiment was carried out investigation of phytochemical variation, resistance to sa MoreStevia rebaudiana Bertoni. is one of the valuable medicinal plants, in which extremely used in pharmaceutical and nutritional industries as a sources of non-calories sugar. The present experiment was carried out investigation of phytochemical variation, resistance to salinity and increasing the saline water usage efficiency using magnetic field. Experiment was evaluate by using four levels of salinity (0, 2, 4 and 6ds/m2) and three levels of magnetic fields (0, 3000 and 6000 G) as treatment in three replications. In September 2015 the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Were collected from the research field of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. The total phenol content was measured by folin ciocalteu method, flavonoid content with aluminum chloride, antioxidant activity by DPPH methode and the total and reduced sugar content were measured by using Fehling methods. Results were showed that the salinity had significant influence on total phenol and flavonoid contents at 1% probability and by increasing the level of salinity the content of these compounds were decreased. The salinity did not have statistically significant effect on the other parameters like antioxidant activity, total sugar and reduced sugar. Although no significant effect of magnetic water was observed on these parameters, but the interaction effect of salinity and magnetic field on the antioxidant activity of extract and total sugar was significant. So according to present study, the stevia is sensitive to salinity of pre-treatments water with magnetic field in this case is not effective Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of different extraction methods on essential oil composition of Sclerorhachis platyrachis Boiss. by using micro extraction and hydro distillation
Mehdi NekoeiIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction method in the literature. This is mainly due to the particular advantages it has over traditional extraction methods such as reduced extraction time, minimal amounts of th MoreIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction method in the literature. This is mainly due to the particular advantages it has over traditional extraction methods such as reduced extraction time, minimal amounts of the samples and lack of need for solvents. The aerial parts of Sclerorhachis platyrachis Boiss. in blooming were collected from Afchang village in Sabzevar from Razavi Khorasan Province, 1530m in July 2015. The essential oils were obtained by headspace solid phase micro-extraction ( HS-SPME) and hydro-distillation (HD) methods and were analyzed by GC/MS. Results were showed that 22 compounds were identified in HD method in which the β-pinene (20.52 %), camphor (18.05 %), α-pinene (15.16 %) and bornyl acetate (12.17%) were the major constituents, respectively. Moreover the oil which had been extracted by HS-SPME technique with 29 compounds were mainly composed of β-pinene (25.33 %), α-pinene (13.38 %), limonene (9.69 %) and camphor (8.20 %) as the most abundant fractions. So according to the results, the quality and quantity of essential oils of plant could be changed by using of different extraction methods especially by using of HS-SPME method . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The comparision of morphological and phytochemical evaluation in some population of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. in different provinces under field conditions
Maryam Keshavarzi Mohammad Bagher Rezaei, syed Mehdi MiriIn this study due to evaluate the morphological and phytochemical diversity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. essential oils, the seeds of six populations of plant from Azerbaijan Province (Damraji and Gereh Zagh), Alborz (Gachsar), Qazvin (Alamut), Isfahan (Tangeh Saiad) MoreIn this study due to evaluate the morphological and phytochemical diversity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. essential oils, the seeds of six populations of plant from Azerbaijan Province (Damraji and Gereh Zagh), Alborz (Gachsar), Qazvin (Alamut), Isfahan (Tangeh Saiad) and Lorestan (Nour Abad Delfan) were obtained from gene banks of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (Tehran), so after that the aerial parts of plants were collected before flowering in July 2013, which were cultivated from the research farm of Alborz province. The essential oils were obtained by hydro distillation method and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results of variance analysis were showed significant differences in plant height, crown diameter, stem diameter, leaf length and width, number of leaves per plant and dry weight, respectively. The highest plant height (103.9 mm), stem diameter (3.6 mm) and number of leaves per plant (19) were showed in Alborz population (Gachsar) and the populations were classified in to two groups. Three components explain 89.6% of variation of all data and some traits such as stem diameter, leaf number and fresh and dry weight were attributed to first component. The lowest (0.015%) and the highest (0.049%) yields belonged to the Alamut and Gereh Zagh population, respectively. The composition of γ-terpinene, β-pinene, α-Pinene, germacrene-D and bicycle -germacrene were dominant in all essential oils of plant in different regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Callus induction and essential oil composition of Dracocephalum moldaviaca L.
Syed Mehdi Razavi, Ali Reza Ghasemian Sonia Mosavi, Homa ArshneshinDracocephalum moldavica L. is an annual aromatic herb, belongs to Lamiaceae family and indigenous of central Asia. In the recent study, we focused on induction of callus tissue and identification of callus essential oil composition. After sterling with ethanol 70% and s MoreDracocephalum moldavica L. is an annual aromatic herb, belongs to Lamiaceae family and indigenous of central Asia. In the recent study, we focused on induction of callus tissue and identification of callus essential oil composition. After sterling with ethanol 70% and sodium hypochloride (1%), seeds of the plants were cultured in a Petri dishes line with MS medium. Seedling cotyledons were isolated and transferred to Petri dishes contained MS medium with different combinations of plant hormones, BAP and NAA. For callus formation, the Petri dishes incubated in a growth chamber at 25°C and certain photoperiod of 16/8h light/darkness with 2400 lux light intensity. The produced callus weight was measured for all of treatments for determining optimal hormonal combination. Essential oil compositions of the callus were obtained from the optimal combination by hydro distillation method (Clevenger type apparatus) and were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results were showed that callus formation from cotyledons of Dracocephalum moldavica L. seedlings took place in a dose dependent manner of phyto hormones. The maximum Cali genesis was seen in MS medium supplemented with NAA (4 mg/l) and BAP (1.5 mg/l) and thymol (45.99%), decane (26.29%), hexa decanoic acid (7.08%) and dodecane (7.03%) were the main components of callus essential oil. Manuscript profile
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