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      • Open Access Article

        1 - The role and status of snake in Animal-Wife Stories
        Ali Heydari mousa Sabzi
        One of the prominent actions occurring in many fairy tales is the ritual and symbolic marriage of princesses. In some of these stories, contrary to the norm, we face Animal-wife, among which one of the most famous is snake. In the course of history, in Aryan as well as More
        One of the prominent actions occurring in many fairy tales is the ritual and symbolic marriage of princesses. In some of these stories, contrary to the norm, we face Animal-wife, among which one of the most famous is snake. In the course of history, in Aryan as well as global culture, snake has played various and sometimes contradictory roles, at one time attaining a divine status and at another time behaving as an evil. It seems that snake, for various reasons, is one of the most ancient animal of bridegrooms; other birds and animals like frog, bear, swan have assumed this role at the later stages. The influence of the Abrahamic religions on the degradation of the snake is significant. In folk tales, marrying a snake could have different reasons which are historically justified. In addition to the common motives for animal-bridegroom tales, the main reasons for the emergence of snake-wife stories are the antiquity, holiness, and symbolic fertility of the snake wife. In tale symbolism, the snake has both female and male sexual symbol. That is why sometimes the snake is the bride and sometimes is the groom. The presence of this beautiful animal in the tales as a wife who continues to transform into a human being, can dispel the child's fear of a marriage from which those persons around him have made a taboo. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Explanation and description of Zulfaqar Mohammadi's Sarapanameh
        Ali Heidari Nosratollah Ahmadifard
        Sarapanameh (Peikarsarayee) is a type of poetry in which the poet renders the figure of the beloved. The purpose of the poet in this type of poetry is to illustrate the body of the beloved in addition to expressing the romantic feelings. The poet like an expert painter More
        Sarapanameh (Peikarsarayee) is a type of poetry in which the poet renders the figure of the beloved. The purpose of the poet in this type of poetry is to illustrate the body of the beloved in addition to expressing the romantic feelings. The poet like an expert painter represents her imaginary or real lover through words. This type of poetry is common among Kurdish, Loor and Laki poets, and usually famous poets have written one or more examples of this type of poetry. The rhyme of most of these poems is ten-syllable and they are often written in the standard language of western Iran. But the previous native poets have tried with their local language instead of the standard language of the west of the country. The late Zulfaqar Mohammadi, an unknown but talented elite poet, was one of the poets who wrote this kind of poem. This Sarapanameh is written in a new format and in syllabic rhyme. The variety of pure similes and phonology, composition, and imagery are among the most important literary features of this one. The poet's interest to local and national customs and traditions, and paying attention to the surrounding nature is exceptional in the selection of terms. Manuscript profile