بررسی پیامدهای ادغام بافت‌های روستایی در شهر (مطالعه موردی: شهر میاندوآب)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
رحیم سرور
1
(دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهر ری، گروه جغرافیا، شهر ری، ایران)
پروین چتر
2
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران)
شمس اله کاظمی زاد
3
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، سیستان و بلوچستان ایران.)
کلید واژه: توسعه فیزیکی شهر, ادغام, بافت‌های روستایی, شهر میاندوآب,
چکیده مقاله :
در ایران یکی از موارد مهم توسعه شهرنشینی، گسترش فیزیکی شهرها و روستاها به سوی یکدیگر است که سبب ادغام سکونتگاه‌های روستایی درشهر می‌شود. ادغام روستا در شهر، پیامدهای مثبت و منفی زیادی در روستای ادغامی و شهر بر جای می‌گذارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی پیامدهای ادغام روستا در شهر با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی به تبیین آثار و پیامدهای کالبدی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی- فرهنگی حاصل از ادغام روستاهای مورد مطالعه در شهر میاندوآب می‌پردازد. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از دو روش اسنادی و پیمایشی استفاده شده است. روش پیمایشی با بهره‌گیری از مصاحبه، مشاهده و تکمیل پرسش نامه توسط 260 خانوار در هشت سکونتگاه ادغامی شهر میاندوآب انجام پذیرفته است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بیشترین مزایای ادغام روستا در شهر در بعد کالبدی است و کمترین مزیت آن در بعد اقتصادی، حال آن که برعکس، بیشترین معایب ادغام روستا در شهر در بعد اقتصادی و کمترین آنها در بعد کالبدی است. این موضوع مشخص می‌کند که تأثیر ادغام روستا در شهر در تغییرات کالبدی و افزایش خدمات شهری در سکونتگاه ادغامی بیشتر از ابعاد دیگر بوده و در زمینه مزایای ادغام روستا در شهر از بعد کالبدی، اتفاق نظر بیشتری در بین مسئولان و خانوارهای نمونه وجود دارد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد با وجود این که اکثر پاسخ‌گویان اظهار داشته‌اند آثار و پیامدهای مثبت ادغام روستایشان در شهر بیش از آثار و پیامدهای منفی است و از آن رضایت دارند ولی هنوز این اقدام نتوانسته به تمامی انتظارات ساکنان جامعه عمل بپوشاند. به‌نظر می‌رسد برای ایجاد و استقرار بسترهای لازم برای توسعه در نواحی مشابه همزمان با فرایند ادغام روستا در شهر ایجاد بسترهای قانونی و حمایت از سرمایه‌گذاری در بخش‌های اقتصادی و رونق کسب و کار ضروری است.
Introduction Development of human settlements and the creation of an appropriate system and network unsafely in the development process can cause spatial justice, urban and rural space narrowing, strengthening the link urban and rural and finally merge them and changes in economic conditions, social, physical lead and comprehensive development and to create stability. Accordingly, the villages in its transformation process at the time of emergence, growth and long to have survived. In the process of integrating it with other villages and integration within the cities or population growth, the city began to have a new life. Some villages still have to survive as a rural settlement. Another group of villages with changing economic conditions - social and technological developments, have passed the decline and over are faced with population decline. As city of Miandoaab inmostIranian cities, rapiddevelopmentinthe 1980S to 2000S istheintegration ofeightvillagessurroundingthecity. Therefore, this studyinvestigates theeffects and consequences ofeconomic, socialand physicalintegration ofeightvillagesof Qareveran, Tghiabad, Valiabad, Behykandi, Vakilkandi, Bashirkandi, EbrahomNayebkandiandYuzbashkandi ispaidin theMiandoaab city and satisfactionafterthe inhabitantsof thesevillageshave beenmerged in the city. *Corresponding Author: Sarvarh 83@gmail.com Methodology The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of the merger is in the village. With a descriptive - analytical to explain effects of physical, social and economic of cultural integration is mentioned in the study villages. Two methods for data collection and survey documents have been used. The documentary method, to identify factors affecting the integration process and evaluate the comparative effects of integration in the village, is separately incorporated settlements. The survey method using observation, interviews (city officials and council), and questionnaires completed by 260 households in eight settlements mentioned have been merged. Information obtained from questionnaires completed by families residing in incorporated villages, using SPSS statistical software and T-test and descriptive statistics and statistical analysis has been analyzed. Result and Discussion Resultsshow thatthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact ofphysicalintegrationvillages in the city,with72.3and14.5percent, respectively increasequalityofasphaltpavementsand improvethe shapeofdoorsand windows. However, the maximum and minimum negative impact on the physicalintegrationwith 62and41.3percent respectively istissuechangessettlements andseparated development ofland. in thesocialaspectthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact ofsocialintegrationvillages in the city,with89.8and31.2percentrespectively, improvingquality of life andreduce thetendencyto migrate tothe city. However, the maximumandminimum negative impact ofsocialintegrationvillages in the city,with58.5and3.2percentrespectively, increasingurbanization and thefading ofsocialparticipation. Also in the economic aspectthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact of economic integrationvillages in the city,with59.8and10.8percentrespectively, increasing land prices and increasing number of industrial and semi industrial workshops. However, the maximumandminimum negative impact of economic integrationvillages in the city,with81.8and38.8percentrespectively, Increasing costs of living and withdrawal of government support and assistance to the villagers. According to tests conducted overall the visual effects mentioned families in rural settlements merger integration is positive. Comments of the municipality and city council officials, the advantages and disadvantages of merging the village in the city, indicated that the benefits of integration between their villages, inthe cityterms ofcreatingjobsand increasingtheadministrative, commercialand services, promotingculture,urbanizationandrisinglevelsof culture and informationto helppeopleenhancethe survivalof thepopulationliving incities andattracta limited numberofruralmigrants,facilities andinstitutionsto createnew services,improving thephysicalcondition ofthe city, garbagecollection, constructionofhousingandcommercialunitsandconstructionmanagement, construction ofprotectivefacilitiesinthe cityand its surroundings andprovide someservicesfromthe municipality, there is consensus and also, in terms of disadvantages, such as rising housing prices and speculation, rising expectations of people, cut off some aid and government support, which is rural. The officials, council members and families into settlements, there is consensus. Views of officials and households living inintegration of rural disadvantage in decisions and policies can usually be resolved. Integrationbetweenvillagesinthe city(in terms ofphysicalsize, economic and social) integration, and distancetodowntownandvillagedevelopment plansforcitydevelopment(physical development-physical) there isa significant relationship. Because, the more time passes from the merger of the village in the city, the number of facilities and services in urban settlements than before the merger and the increased quality of services, particularly administrative services - credit and health - health has improved and villages that have a distance less than the city center, further development and integration of urban services have benefited more than other villages. As a result, more households have been accepted by the population. Conclusion The results of the findings show that the maximum benefits Integrated of village in the cityisthephysical and the economic aspect is the minimum advantaged. While conversely, the maximum disadvantageis theeconomicaspect ofintegrationinthe villageinthe city and thephysicalaspectisthe minimum disadvantages. This indicated that the integration of anatomical changes and increased services in rural areas in urban settlements has been the integration of other dimensions and in rural areas in the city benefits from the integration of anatomical, between authorities and households sampled, there is more consensus. Also the results show, however that the majority of responses stated that Guyana and the positive effects of integration in their village has negative effects and consequences and satisfied.This action has yet been able to meet all the expectations of residents. Therefore, it seemstocreateand deploythe necessaryinfrastructurefordevelopmentinsimilarareastheintegrationprocessinthevillageand thelegal infrastructureto supporteconomicinvestmentandprosperityinbusinessis essential.