تحلیل عوامل بهبود وفاق اجتماعی روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان اردبیل)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
1 - استاد گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
کلید واژه: توسعه روستایی, انسجام اجتماعی, همبستگی اجتماعی, وفاق اجتماعی, شهرستان اردبیل,
چکیده مقاله :
وفاق اساس زندگی اجتماعی را در مناطق روستایی تشکیل داده و فقدان آن موجب بی‌سازمانی، فروریزی ساخت جامعه روستایی و از هم پاشیدگی حیات اجتماعی آن می‌شود. هدف این مقاله مطالعه و تحلیل عوامل بهبود وفاق اجتماعی روستایی شهرستان اردبیل می‌باشد. این تحقیق، از لحاظ هدف توسعه‌ای، و از لحاظ ماهیت توصیفی و پیمایشی و نیز از نوع تحلیلی است. در این تحقیق روش گرد‌آوری داده‌ها برای پاسخ‌گویی به سئوالات تحقیق، به دو صورت اسنادی (داده‌های ثانویه) و پیمایشی (داده‌های اولیه) و ابزار مورد استفاده در روش پیمایشی پرسش‌نامه و مصاحبه بوده است. روایی صوری پرسش‌نامه توسط پانل متخصصان مورد تایید قرار گرفت. مطالعه راهنما در منطقه مشابه جامعه آماری با تعداد30 پرسش نامه صورت گرفت و با داده‌های کسب شده و استفاده از فرمول ویژه آلفای کرونباخ در نرم افزار SPSS، پایایی بخش‌های مختلف پرسش‌نامه تحقیق 84 /0 الی 91/0 بدست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از مدل تحلیل عاملی استفاده شد. نتایج: نتایج تکنیک تحلیل عاملی نشان داد مهم‌ترین عوامل بهبود وفاق اجتماعی در منطقه مورد مطالعه شامل چهار مولفه (توانمندسازی اجتماعی و تقویت تعلق مکانی، تقویت رضایتمندی و اطلاع‌رسانی، اعتمادسازی و ظرفیت‌سازی نهادی و تقویت زیرساخت اقتصادی و توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی) است که مقدار واریانس و واریانس تجمعی تبیین شده توسط این چهار عامل 17/58 می‌باشد. نوآوری تحقیق حاضر عبارتند از: شناخت شاخص‌های موثر بر بهبود وفاق اجتماعی، توجه به سرمایه اجتماعی به جای سرمایه فیزیکی در منطقه مورد مطالعه و طرح مفاهیم برساخته توسط نگارندگان می‌باشد
The research method was analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=85053), among which 383 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.84-0.91). Result and Disscusion: in order to analyze the data, factor analysis model was used and the results of this model showed the most important factors impowerment of social consrnsus in studied region includes four components (social empowerment and territorial belonging, reinforcment of satisfication and information, confidence building and instituational capacity-building and reinforcment of economy infrastructure and pyschological empowerment) that explained variance and the cumulative variance by the five factors 58.17.
Abdollahi, M.& hosinbar, M. (2011). Colletive identity and attitude to democracy in Iran, Iranin Sociology Journal, 7 (4), 1-25.
Abdollahi, M.(2000). Crisis identity, dynamism and its evolution mechanism in Iran, the Jouranl of Iranian Sociology Association, 2 (5), 1-23.
Aron, R.(1995), Essenteial steps of thinking in sociology,translated: by Bagher Parham, Tehran: the Education of Islamic Revolution.
Bashirihe, H. (2008). Reason in policy: thirty five speech in philosophy, sociology and policy development, Tehra: Moaser Neghah.
Biro, A. (2002). the culturea of social science, translated by Bagher Sarokhani, Tehran: Kuhan.
Chalabi, M.(2013). Social analysis of action space, Thrna: Nei Publication.
Giddens, A.(2008). Sociology, translated by Manocheher Sabori, Tehran: Nei Publication.
Hajizadhe, M., & Eskandari fard, A. (2014). Suervey of social consensus and some of theirs effective factors, (case study: Yazd County), Urban Sociological Study,3(9) , 17-40.
Kazno, J.(2010). The sociology of mass media instruments, teanslated Bagher Sarokhani and Manochher Mohseni, Tehran: infomation.
Khorasgani Rabani, A., Seddig Oraei, Gh., and Khandehero, M. (2015), a suervy of social capital and effective factors on establishment it in the level of locality, Journal of Social Science, 6 (2), 149-119.
Marshal. G. (2008). sociology culture, translated by Homira Moshirzadhe, The Publication of Mizan Heghoghi Foudation.
Mohseni Tabrizi, A. (2007). Suervey of confidence concept with approach of social psychology, Reseerch Nomaihe, 5(18), 4-8.
Mostafaei, A.(2012). Social consensus, pathology and its expanding strategy , Thra: Publicaon of Nour Ava.
Naghdi, A., & Kamarbigi, kh. (2013), the study of common consensus social in urban and rural and tribe society in Eilam, Iranian Social Study Journal, 4 (2), 108-123.
Navabakhsh, M., Nazari, J., and Eider, N. (2009). Sociological explanation of the effective factors on social coherence, (Case Study: Ilam Province) , Journnal of Social Science, 3 (7), 1-20.
Nateghpour, M.J., and Firouzabadi, S. A. (2006), the establishment of social capital and metanalysis of effective factors on it, Journal of Social Science, 2 (8), 160-190.
Nematallahi, Z., Hamzhefarajallahi, A., Mirjalili, M.H., and Momenifard, H (2014), a suervy of effective factors on social capital (confidence, social participation and consolidation), of student in Imam Ali university, Deciplinary Journal, 50 (13), 175-202.
Ritzer, J. (2008).Theories of sociology in contemporary periods, translated by Mohsen Salasi, Tehran: Elmei Publication.
Sadaghat zadeghan, Sh.(2004). The influencing factors of social consenss on emphasizing in socialization and social class, Public Culture Council Journal, 2(4),1-24.
Salehei Amiri, R. (2010). National consolidation and cultural diversity, Tehran: The Publication of Strategic Research.
Tanhaei, H.(1998). theories of sociology, Thehran: Piam nor University.
Terner, J. (2000). Concepts and application of sociology, translted by mohmmad azizi and mohammad foladi, Tehran: Instiuation of khomini Emam.
Versli, P (2012), theory of order sociology, translated by Saeid Moeidfar, the publication of Jamehshenasan.
Alessandra, C., Crowley, L., and Wydic, B. (2012) "The effect of social capital on group loan repayment: evidence from field experiments." The Economic Journal, 1 (17): 125-145.
Anthony., D, Campbell, C. (2014) States, social capital and cooperation: looking back on governing the commons, International Journal of the Commons, 5 (2): 284-302.
Arifudin. and Besri, and Maswadi, N. (2012) Program of community empowerment prevents forest fires in Indonesian peat land, Procedia Environmental Sciences, 1(7): 129-134.
Arrighetti, A., Seravalli,G., and Wolleb,G. (2013) Social capital institutions and collective action between firms." in the handbook of social capital, edited by Dario Castiglione, Jan Van Deth, and Guglielmo Wolleb. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bennett, R and Blaney , R. (2002 ) "Social consensus, moral intensity", Journal of Economic Psychology, 23 (4): 501-520.
Collins, R .(1990) Sociology: prescience or antiscince, American Sociological Review, 5(4): 120-163.
Falk A. (2011) a theory of reciprocity. Games and Economic Behavior, 5 (4): 293-315.
Gaduh, A .(2015) Uniter or divider? religion and social cooperation: evidence from Indonesia, Journal of Social science, 5 (11): 15- 36.
Habermas., j. (1990) Moral consciousness and communicative action, translated By C.Lenhardt and S.W.Nichlson,cam-brisge:polity press.
Hayami, Y. (2013)Social capital, human capital and the community mechanism: toward a conceptual framework for economists." Journal of Development Studies, 4(5): 96-123
Jex, M. S. (2002) Organizational psychology. John Wiley Sons. Inc,New York.
Korniss, W., Zhang, C., Lim, B., and Szymanski, K .(2015) Social consensus through the influence of committed minorities, Physcial Reviw, 14 (1): 1-9.
Krueger, J.(1998) the perception of social consensus, advances in experimental social psychology, 32(2):163-240.
Moseley, M. J.( 2004) Rural Development: principles and practice, sage, publication, London.
Ostrom, E. and Walker, J. 2009. Trust and reciprocity. New York: Russell Sage. Rothstein, B. and E. M. Uslaner, D.(2010) All for all: equality and social Trust. LSE health and social care discussion paper number 15. London: London School of Economics and Political Science.
Sabatini, F. (2005) The role of social capital in Economic development. Investigating the causal nexus through structural equations models. University of Rome la Sapienza, Department of public Economics and SPES Development Studies Research centre, University of casino, Department of Economics.
Sarminito, E.( 2008) Assertive training: A preventative approach. In c. Spielberger and L.sarason (Eds.), stress and anxiety (vol.5). Newyork: Halsted press.
Scheff Thomas, J.(1967) mental illness and social processes. Harper and Row
Simmel, George .(1908) conflict and the web of group affilations. New York.: Free Press.
Stiglitz, J., E., Amartya Sen, and Jean-Paul Fitoussi( 2009) "Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress." Paris: Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.
_||_