تحلیل نقش فضاهای عمومی در ارتقای کیفیت سرزندگی روستائیان (مطالعه موردی: روستاهای شهرستان الشتر)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
جمشید عینالی
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
خدیجه بوزرجمهری
2
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
معصومه نظری شیخی
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
اکبر دهبانژاد
4
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
احمد رومیانی
5
(عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران و نخبگان، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران)
کلید واژه: عوامل موثر, سرزندگی, شهرستان الشتر, فضاهایی عمومی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروز فضاهای عمومی روستاها نیازمند فراهم آوردن تجهیزات و امکانات رفاهی و خدمات رسانی به مردم محلی می باشد لذا در این فضاها میان ساختمانها و بناها، عناصر مکملی نیاز است تا زندگی روستایی را سامان بخشد، تجهیزاتی که همچون اثاث یک خانه، امکان زندگی و گذران اوقات فراغت را در فضای محصور میان انسان، فضا و فعالیت فراهم آورد. بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش تحلیل نقش فضاهای عمومی در راستای ارتقای کیفیت سرزندگی روستائیان در محدوده مورد مطالعه می باشد. نوع تحقیق کاربردی، روش مورد استفاده توصیفی- تحلیلی است و برای گردآوری داده ها از روش های کتابخانه ای و میدانی(پرسشنامه و مشاهده) بهره گرفته شده است و برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده از آزمون های ( رگرسیونی، فریدمن و تحلیل عاملی) استفاده شده است. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که در معیارهای زیباشناختی، معنایی- ادراکی و عملکردی - فعالیتی هر کدام به ترتیب با میزان52/2؛ 79/1و 69/0 بالاتر رتبه را به خود اختصاص داده اند. یافته های تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که عامـل اول یعنی تصویر ادراکی بیشـترین سـهم و عامـل ششم یعنی تعاملات اجتماعی کمترین سهم در تبیین کل متغیرها را به خود اختصاص داده اند. همچنین بررسی مدل برازش رگرسیونی نشان دهنده تاثیر مثبت فاکتورهای موثر فضاهایی عمومی در ارتقای افزایش کیفیت سرزندگی روستائیان به میزان 723/0 می‌باشد که این خود نشان از رابطه معنادار و مثبت بودن نقش عوامل فضاهای عمومی در ارتقای کیفیت سرزندگی روستائیان در بین روستاهای محدوده مورد مطالعه می باشد.
Today, the public spaces of villages need to provide facilities and equipment and services to the local people. Therefore, in these spaces, additional elements are needed to regulate rural life among these buildings, equipment such as home furnishing, the possibility of living and spending leisure time in the enclosed space between man, space and activity. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the role of public spaces in improving the quality of vitality of villagers in the studied area. This study is applied research with descriptive-analytical method and for data collection, library and field methods (questionnaire and observation) were used. For data analysis, the tests (Regression, Friedman and Factor Analysis) were used. The research findings showed that the aesthetic, semantic-perceptual and functional-activity measures each ranked respectively 2.52, 1.79 and 0.69, respectively. Factor analysis findings indicated that the first factor, i.e., the perceptual image, and the sixth factor, i.e., social interactions, had the highest share and the lowest share in explaining the total variables. Also, the study of regression model indicated that the effective factors affecting the general spaces in increasing the quality of vitality of the villagers was 0.723, which indicated a significant and positive relationship between the factors of public spaces in improving the vitality of villagers among the villages of the studied area.
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Besser, Terry L., Nicholas R., & Matthew P. (2009). The Impact of New Employers from the Outside, the Growth of Local Capitalism, and New Amenities on the Social and Economic Welfare of Small Towns. Economic Development Quarterly, 23 (4), 306-316.
Cheraghi, M., Malek Jafarian, Z., Abbasi, J., & Badri, S. A. (2013). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Rural Leadership Planning in Creating Rural Settlements (Case Study: Ghani Biglu Township, Zanjan Township). Physical-space planning quarterly, 2 (4), 50- 59. (In Persian)
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Farlex Inc. (2011). The Free Dictionary." http://www.thefreedictionary.com/quality+of+li
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Foroutan, M., Kakhki Artist, M., & Rezaei M. K. (2013). An Environmental Lifecycle Assessment Method in Commercial Complexes and Shopping Centers. Seven Hessian Urban Research, 2 (6). 65-76. (In Persian)
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Hamidi, H., & Ismail-Zadegan, N. (2015). Factors Affecting the Performance of Urban Park with Emphasis on Its Performance and Vitality, Case Study, Eller Baghi Park, Urmia City. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 7 (1), 102-91. (In Persian)
Hartel, T., Fischer, J., Câmpeanu, C., Milcu, A.I., Hanspach, J., & Fazey, I. (2014). The importance of ecosystem services for rural inhabitants in a changing cultural landscape in Romania. Ecol. Soc, 19, Article 42.
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Hunziker, M. (2000). Einstellungen der Bevö lkerung zu mö glichen Landschaftsentwicklungen in den Alpen, Eidgenö ssische Forschungsanstalt WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
Jacobs, J. (2007). The Life and Life of American Major Cities. Translator, Hamid Reza Parsi and Arezoo Aflatooni, Tehran. Institute of Publications and Printing of Tehran University.
Jung, H. J., & Ryu, H. J. (2015). Sustaining a Korean Traditional Rural Landscape in the
Context of Cultural Landscape.sustainabilit y open access,7, 11213-11239, www. mdpi. com/journal/sustainability. Doi: 10.3390/su70811213
Kokobi, L., Izadi Kharameh, H., Abdollahi, R., & Soleimani, R. (2012). Collective Life in Green Public Space, an Attitude toward Social Cultural Diversity Using Space; a Case Study of Linear Park in Shiraz High School. Urban Research and Planning, 3 (11), 114-97. (In Persian)
Lakhaee, H. A., Ansari, H., & Kheyrkhah, S. (2014). A Study of the Natural and Historical Rural and Versatile Landscape Approach to the Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism for the Conservation of the Environment, The 2nd National Conference and the Specialty of Environmental Research in Iran, Hamedan, Shahid Mofattah Azad University, August 16, 1-22. (In Persian)
Landry, Ch. (2000). Urban vitality: A New source of Urban Competitiveness. Prince Claus Fund Journal, ARCHIS issue ' Urban Vitality/Urban Heroes.
Liu, Y. (2007). Rural transformation development and new countryside construction in eastern coastal area of china. Acta geographica sinica, 62, 563-570.
Lynch, Q. (2002). City theory Translation by Seyyed Hossein Bahreini. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Majedi, H., Rezaei, M. M., Mansouri, E. (2014). Recognition of the cognitive function of public spaces in terms of identity, case study, Nazi-Abad and Mehran neighborhood of Tehran. Quarterly journal of cultural research of Iran, (4) .61-39. (In Persian)
Malek-Husseini, A., & Dorkhi, M. M. (2010). Design and fitting of rural furniture. Geography Quarterly Zagros Outlook, 2 (6) .163-151. (In Persian)
Martin, B. (2005). Creation of neighborhoods and places in the human environment, Mooram, Shahrzad Faryadi and Manouchehr Tayban, Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Meeus, J.H.A., Wijermans, M.P., & Vroom, M.J. (1990). Agricultural landscapes in Europe and their transformation. Landsc. Urban Plan,18, 289-352.
Paumier, CY. (2007). Creating a Vibrant City Center (ULI) Urban Land Institute. Washington. D.C
Rafiean, M., Saifai, M. (2005). Urban Public Spaces. Quality Review and Evaluation, Fine Arts Magazine, University of Tehran, 23, 1-16. (In Persian)
Saeedi Mofrad, S., Hanaini, T., Dorofaremarzi, M. & Ahmadi Rastegar, A. (2015). The Effect of Urban Green Landscape on Promoting Quality of Life (Case Study: Sajjad neighborhood of Mashhad). Seventh National Conference on Urban Planning and Management with Emphasis on Urban Development Strategies. 20 and 21 November 1394. Mashhad Holy. 1-18. (In Persian)
Saleh, M., & Eben, A. (2002). A transformation in the vernacular landscape of highlands of southwestern Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 59 (1), 33-58.
Saleh, Mohammed A. Eben. (2001). Environmental cognition in the vernacular landscape: assessing the aesthetic quality of Al-Khalaf village, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Building and Environment, 36, 965-979.
Selman, P. (2012). Sustainable Landscape Planning: The Reconnection Agenda; Routledge: Oxon, UK, (2012). Vanslembrouck, I., & Huylenbroeck, G.V. Landscape Amenities: Economic Assessment of Agricultural Landscapes; Springer: Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2005.
Seong, J.I. (2005). a Study on Rural Landscape Management and Policy Directions. Korea Rual EconomicInstitute: Seoul, Korea, 2005.
Sirtpaïpur, M. (2008). Pathology of Rural Architecture: Going to the Desirable Location. Tehran: Publication of the Islamic Revolutionary Housing Foundation. (In Persian)
Soliva, R., et al. )2008(. Envisioning upland futures: Stakeholder responses to scenarios for Europe's mountain landscapes. Journal of Rural Studies, 24 (68), 56-71.
Stockdale, A., Barker, A. (2009). Sustainability and the multifunctional landscape: An assessment of approaches to planning and management in the Cairngorms National Park. Land Use Policy, 26, 479-492.
Taghvi, H. (2013). Rural landscape and natural environment payments. The Journal of Housing and the Environment of the Village, 32 (143), 15-38. (In Persian)
The leader of the Attars, F. (2014). Lighting and Its Role in the Liveliness of Urban Spaces, Case Study: Valiasr St. Tabriz. Sixth National Conference on Urban Planning and Management with emphasis on the components of the Islamic city. Azad University of Marand Branch, 1-15. (In Persian)
Tveit, M.S. )2009(. Indicators of visual scale as predictors of landscape preference; a
comparison between groups. Journal of Environmental Management, 90 (9), 2882-2888.
Agarwal, S., Sanzidur, R., & Andrew, E. (2009). Measuring the determinants of relative economic performance of rural areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 23 (3), 309-321.
Artist, A. (2009). The Fundamental Features of Cultural Landscape in Mountainous Rural Areas in Western Iran. Case Study: Varakaneh Village and Shahrestaneh Village. Human Geography Research. 44 (67), 85-97.
Bentley, Y. (2011). Responsive environments. Translator, Mosfati Behzadfar, Tehran: Iran University of Science and Technology, Sixth Edition.
Besser, Terry L., Nicholas R., & Matthew P. (2009). The Impact of New Employers from the Outside, the Growth of Local Capitalism, and New Amenities on the Social and Economic Welfare of Small Towns. Economic Development Quarterly, 23 (4), 306-316.
Cheraghi, M., Malek Jafarian, Z., Abbasi, J., & Badri, S. A. (2013). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Rural Leadership Planning in Creating Rural Settlements (Case Study: Ghani Biglu Township, Zanjan Township). Physical-space planning quarterly, 2 (4), 50- 59. (In Persian)
Eckbo, G. )1969(. The Landscape We See. McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, New Yor.
Farlex Inc. (2011). The Free Dictionary." http://www.thefreedictionary.com/quality+of+li
Fe (accessed 4/20/2011).
Foroutan, M., Kakhki Artist, M., & Rezaei M. K. (2013). An Environmental Lifecycle Assessment Method in Commercial Complexes and Shopping Centers. Seven Hessian Urban Research, 2 (6). 65-76. (In Persian)
Gibson, K., Cahill. A., & Mcky, D. (2010). Rethinking the dynamics of rural transformation: performing different development pathways in a Philippine municipality. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 35 (2), 237-250.
Hamidi, H., & Ismail-Zadegan, N. (2015). Factors Affecting the Performance of Urban Park with Emphasis on Its Performance and Vitality, Case Study, Eller Baghi Park, Urmia City. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 7 (1), 102-91. (In Persian)
Hartel, T., Fischer, J., Câmpeanu, C., Milcu, A.I., Hanspach, J., & Fazey, I. (2014). The importance of ecosystem services for rural inhabitants in a changing cultural landscape in Romania. Ecol. Soc, 19, Article 42.
Hoisl, R., Nohl, W., Zekorn, S., & Zö llner, G.) 1987(. Landschaftsä sthetik in der Flurbereinigung, Empirische Grundlagen zum Erlebnis der Agrarlandschaft. Materialien zur Flurbereiningung, Heft 11. Bayrisches Staatsministerium fü r Ernä hrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, Mü nchen.
Hunziker, M. (2000). Einstellungen der Bevö lkerung zu mö glichen Landschaftsentwicklungen in den Alpen, Eidgenö ssische Forschungsanstalt WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
Jacobs, J. (2007). The Life and Life of American Major Cities. Translator, Hamid Reza Parsi and Arezoo Aflatooni, Tehran. Institute of Publications and Printing of Tehran University.
Jung, H. J., & Ryu, H. J. (2015). Sustaining a Korean Traditional Rural Landscape in the
Context of Cultural Landscape.sustainabilit y open access,7, 11213-11239, www. mdpi. com/journal/sustainability. Doi: 10.3390/su70811213
Kokobi, L., Izadi Kharameh, H., Abdollahi, R., & Soleimani, R. (2012). Collective Life in Green Public Space, an Attitude toward Social Cultural Diversity Using Space; a Case Study of Linear Park in Shiraz High School. Urban Research and Planning, 3 (11), 114-97. (In Persian)
Lakhaee, H. A., Ansari, H., & Kheyrkhah, S. (2014). A Study of the Natural and Historical Rural and Versatile Landscape Approach to the Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism for the Conservation of the Environment, The 2nd National Conference and the Specialty of Environmental Research in Iran, Hamedan, Shahid Mofattah Azad University, August 16, 1-22. (In Persian)
Landry, Ch. (2000). Urban vitality: A New source of Urban Competitiveness. Prince Claus Fund Journal, ARCHIS issue ' Urban Vitality/Urban Heroes.
Liu, Y. (2007). Rural transformation development and new countryside construction in eastern coastal area of china. Acta geographica sinica, 62, 563-570.
Lynch, Q. (2002). City theory Translation by Seyyed Hossein Bahreini. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Majedi, H., Rezaei, M. M., Mansouri, E. (2014). Recognition of the cognitive function of public spaces in terms of identity, case study, Nazi-Abad and Mehran neighborhood of Tehran. Quarterly journal of cultural research of Iran, (4) .61-39. (In Persian)
Malek-Husseini, A., & Dorkhi, M. M. (2010). Design and fitting of rural furniture. Geography Quarterly Zagros Outlook, 2 (6) .163-151. (In Persian)
Martin, B. (2005). Creation of neighborhoods and places in the human environment, Mooram, Shahrzad Faryadi and Manouchehr Tayban, Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Meeus, J.H.A., Wijermans, M.P., & Vroom, M.J. (1990). Agricultural landscapes in Europe and their transformation. Landsc. Urban Plan,18, 289-352.
Paumier, CY. (2007). Creating a Vibrant City Center (ULI) Urban Land Institute. Washington. D.C
Rafiean, M., Saifai, M. (2005). Urban Public Spaces. Quality Review and Evaluation, Fine Arts Magazine, University of Tehran, 23, 1-16. (In Persian)
Saeedi Mofrad, S., Hanaini, T., Dorofaremarzi, M. & Ahmadi Rastegar, A. (2015). The Effect of Urban Green Landscape on Promoting Quality of Life (Case Study: Sajjad neighborhood of Mashhad). Seventh National Conference on Urban Planning and Management with Emphasis on Urban Development Strategies. 20 and 21 November 1394. Mashhad Holy. 1-18. (In Persian)
Saleh, M., & Eben, A. (2002). A transformation in the vernacular landscape of highlands of southwestern Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 59 (1), 33-58.
Saleh, Mohammed A. Eben. (2001). Environmental cognition in the vernacular landscape: assessing the aesthetic quality of Al-Khalaf village, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Building and Environment, 36, 965-979.
Selman, P. (2012). Sustainable Landscape Planning: The Reconnection Agenda; Routledge: Oxon, UK, (2012). Vanslembrouck, I., & Huylenbroeck, G.V. Landscape Amenities: Economic Assessment of Agricultural Landscapes; Springer: Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2005.
Seong, J.I. (2005). a Study on Rural Landscape Management and Policy Directions. Korea Rual EconomicInstitute: Seoul, Korea, 2005.
Sirtpaïpur, M. (2008). Pathology of Rural Architecture: Going to the Desirable Location. Tehran: Publication of the Islamic Revolutionary Housing Foundation. (In Persian)
Soliva, R., et al. )2008(. Envisioning upland futures: Stakeholder responses to scenarios for Europe's mountain landscapes. Journal of Rural Studies, 24 (68), 56-71.
Stockdale, A., Barker, A. (2009). Sustainability and the multifunctional landscape: An assessment of approaches to planning and management in the Cairngorms National Park. Land Use Policy, 26, 479-492.
Taghvi, H. (2013). Rural landscape and natural environment payments. The Journal of Housing and the Environment of the Village, 32 (143), 15-38. (In Persian)
The leader of the Attars, F. (2014). Lighting and Its Role in the Liveliness of Urban Spaces, Case Study: Valiasr St. Tabriz. Sixth National Conference on Urban Planning and Management with emphasis on the components of the Islamic city. Azad University of Marand Branch, 1-15. (In Persian)
Tveit, M.S. )2009(. Indicators of visual scale as predictors of landscape preference; a
comparison between groups. Journal of Environmental Management, 90 (9), 2882-2888.