ارزیابی اثرات سرمایه اجتماعی بر توسعه روستایی دهستان های شهرستان سنندج
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
رحمت بهرامی
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: روستا, توسعه یافتگی, شهرستان سنندج, سرمایه های اجتماعی,
چکیده مقاله :
موضوع سرمایه های اجتماعی به عنوان یک اصل اساسی برای نیل به توسعه پایدار محسوب می شود. سرمایه اجتماعی؛ به عنوان شالوده و زیربنای توسعه درون زا در روستا بر شبکه ی روابط اجتماعی؛ مشارکت و دیگر پارامترهای سرمایه اجتماعی تاکید دارد. تحقیق با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و همبستگی؛ به دنبال پاسخ این سوال است که بین سرمایه های اجتماعی و توسعه یافتگی روستاها ارتباط منطقی وجود دارد؟ و در صورت مثبت بودن؛ ضریب تاثیر آن تا چقدر می باشد؟ برای محاسبه پایایی و روایی از نرم افزار SPSS؛ آزمون KMO؛ میزان روایی گویه های تبیین کننده سرمایه اجتماعی برابر با 74/0 براورد و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بدست آمده برابر با 77/0 بوده است. سپس با استفاده از نرم افزار EViewsبه تحلیل میزان همبستگی بین سرمایه های اجتماعی با توسعه روستایی پرداخته شده است. یافته ها نشان می دهد مولفه های سرمایه اجتماعی در دهستان های شهرستان سنندج از شرایط یکسانی برخوردار نبوده؛ هریک در زمینه های خاصی از توانمندی برخوردارند. در زمینه توسعه یافتگی نشان می دهد؛ یک دهستان برخوردار؛ 7 دهستان نیمه برخوردار و دو دهستان محروم هستند. با این وجود نتایج همبستگی نشان داد ارتباط بین سرمایه های اجتماعی با توسعه روستایی برابر 60/0 درصد است. بدان معناست که ارتباط منطقی بین دو مقوله مورد بررسی وجود دارد. شرط توسعه روستایی منوط به توسعه سرمایه های انسانی بالاخص در بخش سرمایه های اجتماعی است.
The subject of social capital is considered as a fundamental principle for sustainable development. Social capital; as the basis for the development of the endogenous development in the countryside, emphasizes the network of social relations; participation and other parameters of social capital. Research using descriptive-analytical and correlational method is seeking to answer the question that there is a logical connection between social capital and rural development. And if so, what is the impact factor? To calculate the reliability and validity of SPSS software, the KMO test; the rate of validity of the social capital explanatory statements is equal to 74. Estimates and Cronbach's alpha coefficient are 77. Then, using the ivyz software, we analyze the correlation between social capital and rural development. The findings show that social capital components in Sanandaj rural districts do not have the same conditions, each with special capabilities. The findings show that social capital components in Sanandaj villages do not have the same conditions. They have each in certain areas of capability. In the field of development, there is a rural municipality; seven semi-rented and two rural districts are deprived. Nevertheless, the results of correlation showed that the relation between social capital and rural development is equal to 0.60%. It means that there is a logical connection between the two categories studied. The condition of rural development depends on the development of human capital, especially in the social capital sector.
Adam, F., & Roncevic,B. (2003). Social capital:recent dedates and research trends. social Science Information,42,155-183.
Azkia, M., & Ghaffari, Gh.R. (2004). rural development of Batakid on rural society in Iran. Tehran. (In Persian)
Azkia M., & Iman, A. (2008). Sustainable rural development. Publishing Information First Printing. Tehran. (In Persian)
Azkia M. (1998). Development Sociology. Tehran: Publishing Naser Wor.
Asghar Poor M.J. (2008). Multi-criteria decision making. Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Alwani, S. M., & Shirvani A.R. (2004). Social Capital. Principle of the Development of the Monthly Gazette, 15 (147), 16-23. (In Persian)
Akbari Amin (2004) The Role of Social Capital in Political Participation: Investigating the Impact of Social Capital on Social-Political Participation (Case Study of Farsan Village from Saqez Functions) Master's Thesis to Guidance Dr. Gholamreza Ghaffari, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran.
Boix, C., & Posner, D. (1998). spatial: explaining its origins and effects on government performance. Brtish journal of political Science, British Journal of Political Science, 1998, vol. 28, issue 04, 686-693
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. The American Journal of Sociology 94, S95-S120.
Hosseini, S. A., Zamani, Z., & Sharipoor, M. (2007). Social Capital Ratings in the Centers of the Provinces of the Country. Social Welfare Quarterly, 7 (26), 59-84. (In Persian)
Farahani, H., Abdoli, S., & Cheraghi, M. (2013). Evaluation of the Impact of Social Capital on Rural Development with an Emphasis on Quality of Life (Case Study of Mashhad, Maqan, Arak County). Regional Planning Schedule, 2 (8), 67-78. (In Persian)
Fathi, S. (2012). An Analysis of the Role of Social Capital on the Development Village. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2 (2), 141-195. (In Persian)
Fakouhi, N. (2000). From Culture to Development. Tehran: Ferdows Publication.
Fukuyama, F. (2005). Dissertation of Order; Social Capital and Its Maintenance. Translator Gholam Abbas Tavassoli, Tehran the Truth of the New Pen. (In Persian)
Fukuyama, F. (2000). End of Order. Translation by Gholam Abbas Tavasoli, Tehran: Homeland.
Firouz abadi, Sayed Aahmad, Azkia Mostafa. (2010). Social Capital and Its Role in Production Foundations (Case Study of Karkheh Basin), Journal of Sociology of Iran: Winter 2004, Volume 5, Number 4; P. 49 – 72. (In Persian).
Ghafari, Gh. R. (2004). seeking the goals and attitudes of IRANIAN (social trust in Iran). Tehran Publishing & Printing Organization of the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. (In Persian)
Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. (2014). Kurdistan Province- Statistics and Information Unit. Sanandaj. (In Persian)
Mohseni Tabrizi, A.R., & Aghamohsani, M. (2010). Investigating the role of social capital in urban development in the neighborhood city. Journal of Urban Management, 26, 162-147. (In Persian)
Mousavi Mirnejf, Ghanbari Hakimeh, Ismail Zadeh Khalid. (2012). Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Social Capital and Sustainable Urban Development (Case of the Cities of the Province of West Azarbayjan). Geography and Development, 27, 1-81. (In Persian)
Jafar Young, Hassan Afrakadeh, Saadalah Valadi, Hamid Shayan, Gholamreza Miri. (2010). the Role of Social Capital in Rural Development (Case Study: Sistan Province Back Ground). Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 8 (14), 29-49. (In Persian)
Poor Asgar sanghachin, F., Salehi, I., & Dinavardi, M. (2012). Assessing the Development Level of Development of Provinces of Iran with Factor Analysis Approach. Journal of Land Survey, 4 (2), 5-26. (In Persian)
Putnam, R.D.(1988).Tuning In,Tuning out. The Strange Disappearance of social capital inameraica. political science and polities, 28, 83-664.
Putnam, R.D. (2000).The Bowling Alone: the collapse and revival of american community. Simon and Schuster. p 534.
Ponthieux, S. (2004). The concept of social capital :a cretical review, CAN conference ,Paris21-23 Janusty.
Abdolreza Rokin al-Din Eftekhari, Samira Mahmoodi, Gholamreza Ghoffari, Mehdi Pourtaheri. (1394) Explanation of the Social Capital Spatial Perspective in Rural Sustainable Development in Rural Khorasan Razavi Villages. Quarterly Journal of Rural Economics and Development, Volume 4 Issue 11. pp 87-107. (In Persian)
Statistical Center of Iran. (2011). Population and Housing Census, Kurdistan Province. (In Persian)
Soleimani, M. (2012). Investigating Social Capital in Rural Development A case study of Baghestan and Brunabagestan village of Ferdows city. Quarterly Journal of Islamic Azad University, Ahad Shooshtar, 4 (11), 19-40. (In Persian)
Sharifian Sani, Maryam. (2001). Citizenship, Social Capital: The Basic Concepts and Theoretical Framework, Social Welfare: Winter 2001, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 5 -18
Turkmen Deni, A. (2007). Tibetan Social Film. Quarterly Journal of Social Welfare, 6 (23), 147-171. (In Persian)
Tavakoli, M., & Tajbakhsh, K. (2008). Investigating and analyzing the amount of social capital in urban and rural areas of Sistan border. Village and Development Quarterly, 11th issue of the Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Tehran: P. 143-164. (In Persian)
Tabrizi Mohseni, A. R., Agha Mohseni, M. (2010). Investigating the Role of Social Capital in Urban Development; A Case Study of Neighborhood City in Two Periods of Urban Management Magazine; No. 26, 147-162. (In Persian)
Wikipedia. (2007). Robert Putnam.http:/en, Wikipedia,org/wiki/Robert Putnam.
http//.wordbank.org Group.(2003)BOA3AR43WO.(2010/02/21).
http://www.ml.com.
_||_Adam, F., & Roncevic,B. (2003). Social capital:recent dedates and research trends. social Science Information,42,155-183.
Azkia, M., & Ghaffari, Gh.R. (2004). rural development of Batakid on rural society in Iran. Tehran. (In Persian)
Azkia M., & Iman, A. (2008). Sustainable rural development. Publishing Information First Printing. Tehran. (In Persian)
Azkia M. (1998). Development Sociology. Tehran: Publishing Naser Wor.
Asghar Poor M.J. (2008). Multi-criteria decision making. Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Alwani, S. M., & Shirvani A.R. (2004). Social Capital. Principle of the Development of the Monthly Gazette, 15 (147), 16-23. (In Persian)
Akbari Amin (2004) The Role of Social Capital in Political Participation: Investigating the Impact of Social Capital on Social-Political Participation (Case Study of Farsan Village from Saqez Functions) Master's Thesis to Guidance Dr. Gholamreza Ghaffari, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran.
Boix, C., & Posner, D. (1998). spatial: explaining its origins and effects on government performance. Brtish journal of political Science, British Journal of Political Science, 1998, vol. 28, issue 04, 686-693
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. The American Journal of Sociology 94, S95-S120.
Hosseini, S. A., Zamani, Z., & Sharipoor, M. (2007). Social Capital Ratings in the Centers of the Provinces of the Country. Social Welfare Quarterly, 7 (26), 59-84. (In Persian)
Farahani, H., Abdoli, S., & Cheraghi, M. (2013). Evaluation of the Impact of Social Capital on Rural Development with an Emphasis on Quality of Life (Case Study of Mashhad, Maqan, Arak County). Regional Planning Schedule, 2 (8), 67-78. (In Persian)
Fathi, S. (2012). An Analysis of the Role of Social Capital on the Development Village. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2 (2), 141-195. (In Persian)
Fakouhi, N. (2000). From Culture to Development. Tehran: Ferdows Publication.
Fukuyama, F. (2005). Dissertation of Order; Social Capital and Its Maintenance. Translator Gholam Abbas Tavassoli, Tehran the Truth of the New Pen. (In Persian)
Fukuyama, F. (2000). End of Order. Translation by Gholam Abbas Tavasoli, Tehran: Homeland.
Firouz abadi, Sayed Aahmad, Azkia Mostafa. (2010). Social Capital and Its Role in Production Foundations (Case Study of Karkheh Basin), Journal of Sociology of Iran: Winter 2004, Volume 5, Number 4; P. 49 – 72. (In Persian).
Ghafari, Gh. R. (2004). seeking the goals and attitudes of IRANIAN (social trust in Iran). Tehran Publishing & Printing Organization of the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. (In Persian)
Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation. (2014). Kurdistan Province- Statistics and Information Unit. Sanandaj. (In Persian)
Mohseni Tabrizi, A.R., & Aghamohsani, M. (2010). Investigating the role of social capital in urban development in the neighborhood city. Journal of Urban Management, 26, 162-147. (In Persian)
Mousavi Mirnejf, Ghanbari Hakimeh, Ismail Zadeh Khalid. (2012). Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Social Capital and Sustainable Urban Development (Case of the Cities of the Province of West Azarbayjan). Geography and Development, 27, 1-81. (In Persian)
Jafar Young, Hassan Afrakadeh, Saadalah Valadi, Hamid Shayan, Gholamreza Miri. (2010). the Role of Social Capital in Rural Development (Case Study: Sistan Province Back Ground). Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 8 (14), 29-49. (In Persian)
Poor Asgar sanghachin, F., Salehi, I., & Dinavardi, M. (2012). Assessing the Development Level of Development of Provinces of Iran with Factor Analysis Approach. Journal of Land Survey, 4 (2), 5-26. (In Persian)
Putnam, R.D.(1988).Tuning In,Tuning out. The Strange Disappearance of social capital inameraica. political science and polities, 28, 83-664.
Putnam, R.D. (2000).The Bowling Alone: the collapse and revival of american community. Simon and Schuster. p 534.
Ponthieux, S. (2004). The concept of social capital :a cretical review, CAN conference ,Paris21-23 Janusty.
Abdolreza Rokin al-Din Eftekhari, Samira Mahmoodi, Gholamreza Ghoffari, Mehdi Pourtaheri. (1394) Explanation of the Social Capital Spatial Perspective in Rural Sustainable Development in Rural Khorasan Razavi Villages. Quarterly Journal of Rural Economics and Development, Volume 4 Issue 11. pp 87-107. (In Persian)
Statistical Center of Iran. (2011). Population and Housing Census, Kurdistan Province. (In Persian)
Soleimani, M. (2012). Investigating Social Capital in Rural Development A case study of Baghestan and Brunabagestan village of Ferdows city. Quarterly Journal of Islamic Azad University, Ahad Shooshtar, 4 (11), 19-40. (In Persian)
Sharifian Sani, Maryam. (2001). Citizenship, Social Capital: The Basic Concepts and Theoretical Framework, Social Welfare: Winter 2001, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 5 -18
Turkmen Deni, A. (2007). Tibetan Social Film. Quarterly Journal of Social Welfare, 6 (23), 147-171. (In Persian)
Tavakoli, M., & Tajbakhsh, K. (2008). Investigating and analyzing the amount of social capital in urban and rural areas of Sistan border. Village and Development Quarterly, 11th issue of the Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Tehran: P. 143-164. (In Persian)
Tabrizi Mohseni, A. R., Agha Mohseni, M. (2010). Investigating the Role of Social Capital in Urban Development; A Case Study of Neighborhood City in Two Periods of Urban Management Magazine; No. 26, 147-162. (In Persian)
Wikipedia. (2007). Robert Putnam.http:/en, Wikipedia,org/wiki/Robert Putnam.
http//.wordbank.org Group.(2003)BOA3AR43WO.(2010/02/21).
http://www.ml.com.