تحلیل اثرات اجرای طرح‌های هادی در توسعه نواحی روستایی (مطالعه موردی: روستای خراشاد شهرستان بیرجند)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
مهدیه خراشادی
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران)
مرتضی اسمعیل نژاد
2
(استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران)
کلید واژه: روستا, توسعه روستایی, طرح هادی, توسعه کالبدی, روستای خراشاد, شهرستان بیرجند,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه طرح هادی روستایی مهمترین ابزار مدیریت توسعه روستایی در ایران است. این طرح ها عمدتا جنبه های کالبدی روستاها را مورد توجه قرار می دهند و بخش عمده قابل اجرا یا اجرا شده طرح های هادی روستاهای کشور نیز جنبه کالبدی دارند. در این راستا، هدف اصلی این پژوهش، بررسی اثرات اجرای طرح هادی در توسعه روستای خراشاد می باشد. این پژوهش از نظر ماهیت از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است که در روش توصیفی داده ها با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه ای و عملیات میدانی با استفاده از پرسش نامه جمع آوری شده است. در روش تحلیلی، با توجه به فرضیه های پژوهش، از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش، سرپرستان خانوار روستای خراشاد، می باشند که 77 نفر از آنان با استفاده از فرمول کوکران محاسبه شده است و پرسش نامه در بین آن ها توزیع گردید. روایی پرسش نامه با نظر کارشناسان و پژوهشگران در زمینه موضوع مورد پژوهش مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که، ساکنین روستا، از اجرایی شدن طرح هادی در روستا رضایت دارند و میزان اثرگذاری و موفقیت طرح هادی را در ارتباط با شاخص های مسکن، کالبدی، بهداشت و کاربری اراضی خوب ارزیابی کردند. با اجرایی شدن طرح هادی، شبکه ی معابر و مسیر پیاده روها اصلاح شده است که باعث سهولت رفت و آمد روستاییان و همچنین با ایجاد شیب در معابر، جدول گذاری و قرار دادن جوی ها باعث بهبود و کیفیت معابر و دسترسی آسانتر به خدمات شده است و علاوه بر آن، در زمینه ی معیار بهداشت، جمع آوری زباله، دفع آب های سطحی و پسماندهای منازل که یکی از اثرات اجرایی مورد انتظار از طرح هادی روستایی تأثیر بر روی بهداشت محیط و وضعیت زیست محیطی روستاهاست می توان میزان موفقیت طرح هادی را در ارتباط با شاخص های بهداشت مشاهده کرد.
Today in Iran, the rural guidance project, is the most important tool in the rural development management. These projects mainly focus on the physical aspects of rural areas and the major implemented or executed rural guidance projects have also physical aspects. In this regard, the main objective of this study is the investigation of the effects of the implementation of the guidance project on the development of the khorashad village. The nature of this study is descriptive-analytic and in descriptive method, the data was gathered through library studies and field operations by questionnaires. In the analytic method, according to the study hypotheses, the Pearson correlation test is used. The population of this study is the household headmen in village Khorashad, which 77 person of them have been calculated using the Cochran formula and questionnaires distributed among them. Validity of the questionaire is approved by experts and scholars in the related field of study. The results of the study showed that the inhabitants of rural areas were satisfied the implementation of the guidance project and extent of the effectiveness and success of the guidance project evaluated well in relation with housing indicators, physical, health and land use.
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Albaladejo-pina, IP., & Diaze-Delfa, M.T. (2009). Tourist Preferences for Rural House Stayes: Evidence from Discrete Modeling in Spain. Tourism Management, 30, 805-811.
Amar, T., & Samime Sharemi, R. (2008). Evaluation of the physical effects of rural guide projects (Case Study: Khmam Department of Rasht city). Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 28 (127), 44-55. (In Persian)
Anabestani, A. A. (2008). Evaluation of the physical effects of rural guide projects (Case Study: West villages of Khorasan Razavi). Articles collection of the first National Housing Conference and rural physical development, Zahedan, 8 and 9 October 2008, 1-6. (In Persian)
Anabestani, A. A, & Akbari, M. H. (2011). The evaluation of guide projects and its role in the village physical development from the perspective of rural (case study: Jahrom city), Journal of Human Geography Research, 44 (4), 93-110. (In Persian)
Aslani, R. (1998). Evaluation of approaches of rural development in the last fifty years. Fifty years Conference papers collection on Development Planning in Iran, Iran Economy Research Organization, Tehran, 223-230. (In Persian)
Azimi, N., & Jamshidian, M. (2004).Investigation of physical effects of rural guide projects implementation (Case Study: Gilan West). Fine Arts Quarterly, 22, 25-34. (In Persian)
Aziz Poor, F., Khalili, A., Mohsen Zadeh, A., & Hosseini Hasel, S. (2010).Analysis and Evaluation of the economic Effects of Guide projects implementation in country rural settlements. Journal of housing and rural environment, 30 (135), 71-84. (In Persian)
Azizpour, F., & Hosseini Hasel, S. (2007). A review of the physical transformation of country villages with emphasis on rural guide project. Journal of Housing and rural environment, 27 (127), 42-55. (In Persian)
Azkia, M., & Ghaffari, G.R. (2003). Rural development with emphasis on rural society of Iran. Ney Publication. (In Persian)
DHV Consulting Engineers from the Netherlands. (1995). Guidelines for rural centers planning. translation by Behnam Shapoori, Sazandegi jahad Ministry, Research and Investigation Center of rural issues, Volume I, First Edition, Tehran. (In Persian)
Ghaffari, R. (2010). Rural land use change in approved guide projects. Proceedings of the First International Conference on rural settlements, housing and texture, planning and designing of rural context, Volume II, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, Department of Rehabilitation and rural housing, First Edition. (In Persian)
Hagh Panah, M., & Dehghani, M. (2008). Investigation of the physical effects of the implementation of the rural guide projects, the first national conference of housing and rural physical development, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan. (In Persian)
Hanzal Aidane, A. (2009). Evaluation of guide projects effects on rural development (Case study: city of Khorramshahr). M. A thesis on geography and rural planning, Isfahan University, Geography and Environmental Planning college, with guidance of doctor Syed Iskandar Sydayi and Doctor Syed Hidayatullah noory. (In Persian)
Housing foundation of Islamic Revolation. (2007). Guide Land Studies. Tehran: sharif publication.
Housing foundation of Islamic Revolation. (2007). GuideLand Studies. Sharif publication. Tehran.
Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation of Zanjan Province. (2010). Performance reporting of rural guide projects in Zanjan Province. Deputy of Rural Development, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation in Zanjan province. (In Persian)
Kelly, C. M., Hoehner, C.M., Baker, E.A., Ramirez, L.K.B., & Brownson, R.C. (2006). Promoting Physical Activity in Communities: A pproaches for successful Evaluation of Program and policies. Evaluation and program planning, 29, 280-292.
Liu, Y. S. (2007). Rural transformation development and new countryside construction in eastern coastal area of China. Acta Geographica Sinica, (62), 563-
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B., Nabati, A. & Cheraghi, M. (2011). Explanation of the effects of the guide projects implementation in the improvement of the life quality rural areas(Case Study: Karany village- city of Bijar).Journal of Housing and rural environment, 31 (139), 99-112. (In Persian)
Molaei Hashjin, N. (2006). Analysis about objectives, requirements and process of preparing and conducting of rural guide projects with emphasis on Gilan. Journal of Geographical landscape, 2 (4), 105-123. (In Persian).
Moradi, M., Abtahi Nia, A., & Shahi Sondy, Z. (2008). Investigation of the Effects of guide projects implementation on village physical development (Case Study: Haji Abad, the central department of Birjand city). Articles collection of the National Housing and village physical development Conference, Zahedan, 8 and 9 October 1388, 54-62. (In Persian)
Motyee Langroodi, S.H. (2002). Rural Planning with an emphasis on Iran. (First Edition), Mashhad: Jahad Daneshgahe. (In Persian)
Muzaffar, F., Hosseini, S. B., Soleimani, M., Tarkashvand, A. & Sarmade, A.A. (2007). Evaluation of the guide projects implementation effects on Iranian village's environment.Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5 (19), 12-31. (In Persian)
Natural Disaster research institution. (2008). Evaluation of the Effects of Rural Guide project. Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution, Tehran. (In Persian)
Papeli Yazdi, M.H. (1996). Physical- sphere organizational project of rural settlements (five dpartmentsm of sought cities of khorasan) central department of Birjand city (1 and 2 final stage).Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, Birjand. (In Persian)
Papeli Yazdi, M. H., & Ebrahimi, M. (2005). Rural Development Theories. (second edition), Samt publication, Tehran. (In Persian)
Roknenldin Eftehkari, A. & Behzad Nasab, A. (2003). Communication planning, Critical approach to the planning theory (with emphasis on rural development planning). Modares Journal of Human Sciences, 32, 1- 22. (In Persian)
Rezvani, M.R, (2010). An Introduction to rural development programing in Iran. (Fourth Edition), Ghomes, Tehran. (In Persian)
Share Pour, M. (1990). Investigation of the economic, social effects of the implementation of the development projects in the villages of Azerbaijan Sharghy.M. A Thesis, with Mustafa Azkia guidance, Tehran University. (In Persian)
Taghiloo, A. A., Khosrowbeygi, R., & khodaye, Y. (2008). Evaluation of the rural guide projects in physical, social and economic dimensions of rurals point of view (Case Study: Komijan city, Central Province).Articles collection of first National Housing Conference and rural physical development, Zahedan, 8 and 9 October 2008, 22- 32. (In Persian)
The villages and municipalities organization of the country. (2005). Familiarity with guide, control and monitor projects on rural construction. Urban and rural specialized Services and studies Center, Institution of Humanities and Social Sciences. (In Persian)
Todarow, M. (1988). Economic development in third direction. Translation by Gholam Ali Farjadi, Tehran, Plan and Budget Organization. (In Persian)
Alal Hesabi, M. (2001). The need for a new approach in Rural Development and improvement. Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 100, 14-23. (In Persian)
Albaladejo-pina, IP., & Diaze-Delfa, M.T. (2009). Tourist Preferences for Rural House Stayes: Evidence from Discrete Modeling in Spain. Tourism Management, 30, 805-811.
Amar, T., & Samime Sharemi, R. (2008). Evaluation of the physical effects of rural guide projects (Case Study: Khmam Department of Rasht city). Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 28 (127), 44-55. (In Persian)
Anabestani, A. A. (2008). Evaluation of the physical effects of rural guide projects (Case Study: West villages of Khorasan Razavi). Articles collection of the first National Housing Conference and rural physical development, Zahedan, 8 and 9 October 2008, 1-6. (In Persian)
Anabestani, A. A, & Akbari, M. H. (2011). The evaluation of guide projects and its role in the village physical development from the perspective of rural (case study: Jahrom city), Journal of Human Geography Research, 44 (4), 93-110. (In Persian)
Aslani, R. (1998). Evaluation of approaches of rural development in the last fifty years. Fifty years Conference papers collection on Development Planning in Iran, Iran Economy Research Organization, Tehran, 223-230. (In Persian)
Azimi, N., & Jamshidian, M. (2004).Investigation of physical effects of rural guide projects implementation (Case Study: Gilan West). Fine Arts Quarterly, 22, 25-34. (In Persian)
Aziz Poor, F., Khalili, A., Mohsen Zadeh, A., & Hosseini Hasel, S. (2010).Analysis and Evaluation of the economic Effects of Guide projects implementation in country rural settlements. Journal of housing and rural environment, 30 (135), 71-84. (In Persian)
Azizpour, F., & Hosseini Hasel, S. (2007). A review of the physical transformation of country villages with emphasis on rural guide project. Journal of Housing and rural environment, 27 (127), 42-55. (In Persian)
Azkia, M., & Ghaffari, G.R. (2003). Rural development with emphasis on rural society of Iran. Ney Publication. (In Persian)
DHV Consulting Engineers from the Netherlands. (1995). Guidelines for rural centers planning. translation by Behnam Shapoori, Sazandegi jahad Ministry, Research and Investigation Center of rural issues, Volume I, First Edition, Tehran. (In Persian)
Ghaffari, R. (2010). Rural land use change in approved guide projects. Proceedings of the First International Conference on rural settlements, housing and texture, planning and designing of rural context, Volume II, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, Department of Rehabilitation and rural housing, First Edition. (In Persian)
Hagh Panah, M., & Dehghani, M. (2008). Investigation of the physical effects of the implementation of the rural guide projects, the first national conference of housing and rural physical development, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan. (In Persian)
Hanzal Aidane, A. (2009). Evaluation of guide projects effects on rural development (Case study: city of Khorramshahr). M. A thesis on geography and rural planning, Isfahan University, Geography and Environmental Planning college, with guidance of doctor Syed Iskandar Sydayi and Doctor Syed Hidayatullah noory. (In Persian)
Housing foundation of Islamic Revolation. (2007). Guide Land Studies. Tehran: sharif publication.
Housing foundation of Islamic Revolation. (2007). GuideLand Studies. Sharif publication. Tehran.
Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation of Zanjan Province. (2010). Performance reporting of rural guide projects in Zanjan Province. Deputy of Rural Development, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation in Zanjan province. (In Persian)
Kelly, C. M., Hoehner, C.M., Baker, E.A., Ramirez, L.K.B., & Brownson, R.C. (2006). Promoting Physical Activity in Communities: A pproaches for successful Evaluation of Program and policies. Evaluation and program planning, 29, 280-292.
Liu, Y. S. (2007). Rural transformation development and new countryside construction in eastern coastal area of China. Acta Geographica Sinica, (62), 563-
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B., Nabati, A. & Cheraghi, M. (2011). Explanation of the effects of the guide projects implementation in the improvement of the life quality rural areas(Case Study: Karany village- city of Bijar).Journal of Housing and rural environment, 31 (139), 99-112. (In Persian)
Molaei Hashjin, N. (2006). Analysis about objectives, requirements and process of preparing and conducting of rural guide projects with emphasis on Gilan. Journal of Geographical landscape, 2 (4), 105-123. (In Persian).
Moradi, M., Abtahi Nia, A., & Shahi Sondy, Z. (2008). Investigation of the Effects of guide projects implementation on village physical development (Case Study: Haji Abad, the central department of Birjand city). Articles collection of the National Housing and village physical development Conference, Zahedan, 8 and 9 October 1388, 54-62. (In Persian)
Motyee Langroodi, S.H. (2002). Rural Planning with an emphasis on Iran. (First Edition), Mashhad: Jahad Daneshgahe. (In Persian)
Muzaffar, F., Hosseini, S. B., Soleimani, M., Tarkashvand, A. & Sarmade, A.A. (2007). Evaluation of the guide projects implementation effects on Iranian village's environment.Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5 (19), 12-31. (In Persian)
Natural Disaster research institution. (2008). Evaluation of the Effects of Rural Guide project. Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution, Tehran. (In Persian)
Papeli Yazdi, M.H. (1996). Physical- sphere organizational project of rural settlements (five dpartmentsm of sought cities of khorasan) central department of Birjand city (1 and 2 final stage).Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, Birjand. (In Persian)
Papeli Yazdi, M. H., & Ebrahimi, M. (2005). Rural Development Theories. (second edition), Samt publication, Tehran. (In Persian)
Roknenldin Eftehkari, A. & Behzad Nasab, A. (2003). Communication planning, Critical approach to the planning theory (with emphasis on rural development planning). Modares Journal of Human Sciences, 32, 1- 22. (In Persian)
Rezvani, M.R, (2010). An Introduction to rural development programing in Iran. (Fourth Edition), Ghomes, Tehran. (In Persian)
Share Pour, M. (1990). Investigation of the economic, social effects of the implementation of the development projects in the villages of Azerbaijan Sharghy.M. A Thesis, with Mustafa Azkia guidance, Tehran University. (In Persian)
Taghiloo, A. A., Khosrowbeygi, R., & khodaye, Y. (2008). Evaluation of the rural guide projects in physical, social and economic dimensions of rurals point of view (Case Study: Komijan city, Central Province).Articles collection of first National Housing Conference and rural physical development, Zahedan, 8 and 9 October 2008, 22- 32. (In Persian)
The villages and municipalities organization of the country. (2005). Familiarity with guide, control and monitor projects on rural construction. Urban and rural specialized Services and studies Center, Institution of Humanities and Social Sciences. (In Persian)
Todarow, M. (1988). Economic development in third direction. Translation by Gholam Ali Farjadi, Tehran, Plan and Budget Organization. (In Persian)