شناسایی ترکیبات موثره موجود در عصاره گیاهان هوفاریقون (Hypericum perforatum L.) (و لعل‌ کوهستان (Oliveria decumbens Vent.) و بررسی اثرات آنتی‌اکسیدانی و ضدمیکروبی آن‌ها بر برخی از میکروارگانیسم‌ها

محورهای موضوعی : علوم و صنایع غذایی

مهسا جعفرپور ¹ (دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران)
هاجر عباسی ² (دانشیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران)
محمد گلی ³ (دانشیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، مرکز تحقیقات لیزر و بیوفوتونیک در فناوری‌های زیستی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/08/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/12/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/12/01

کلید واژه: آنتی‌اکسیدان, کروماتوگرافی گازی, هوفاریقون, لعل کوهستان, حداقل غلظت بازدارنده,

چکیده مقاله :

اسانس ها و عصاره های گیاهان دارویی به دلیل داشتن ترکیبات زیست فعال متعدد دارای خواص فراسودمندی ازجمله خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی و آنتی میکروبی هستند و به عنوان افزودنی ها و نگهدارنده‌های خوراکی طبیعی مورد توجه قرار گرفته اند. در این تحقیق دو گیاه هوفاریقون (Hypericum perforatum L.) و لعل کوهستان (Oliveria decumbens Vent.) با استفاده از روش خیساندن و با کمک امواج التراسونیک عصاره گیری شدند و ترکیبات هر عصاره توسط GC-MS شناسایی گردید. محتوی ترکیبات فنولیک کل، میزان فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و خاصیت ضدمیکروبی آن ها ارزیابی شد. قطر هاله عدم رشد و حداقل غلظت‌های بازدارندگی و کشندگی هر عصاره در مقابل چند میکروارگانیسم مهم در صنعت غذا ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان می‌‌دهد که 19 ترکیب اصلی که مهمترین آن ها تیمول (40/24 درصد)، کارواکرول (00/23 درصد) و میریستیسین (78/9 درصد) هستند، 22/90 درصد عصاره لعل کوهستان را شامل می‌شوند. در عصاره هوفاریقون، 20 ترکیب مختلف، 16/94 درصد از عصاره را تشکیل می‌دهد که هیپرسین (92/25درصد) و هایپرفورین (69/16درصد) مهم ترین ترکیبات مؤثره شناسایی شده در این عصاره‌ هستند. محتوی ترکیبات فنولیک عصاره هوفاریقون و لعل کوهستان به ترتیب 0/24 و 5/9 میلی گرم در گرم وزن خشک ارزیابی شد. عصاره هوفاریقون فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی بالاتری در مقایسه با عصاره لعل کوهستان نشان می‌دهد (IC50 عصاره‌ها ی هوفاریقون و لعل کوهستان به‌ترتیب 173/0 و 470/0 گرم بر میلی لیتر). عصاره لعل کوهستان به‌خوبی قادر به بازدارندگی فعالیت استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس، اشرشیا کلی و آسپرژیلوس نایجر است، درحالی که عصاره هوفاریقون تنها موجب محدود کردن فعالیت استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس، اشرشیا کلی می گردید و هیچ گونه تاثیری بر قارچ آسپرژیلوس نایجر نداشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Essential oils and extracts of medicinal plants have been highly regarded as natural food additives and preservatives due to the presence of bioactive compounds and functional activities, including antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this research, Hypericum perforatum and Oliveria decumbens were extracted by the maceration method and ultrasonic waves. Total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant as well as antimicrobial activities were assessed by GC-MS. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus niger were evaluated. The results showed that 19 main compounds, the most important of which are Thymol (24.40%), Carvacrol (23.00%), and Myristicin (9.78%), comprise 90.22% of O. decumbens extract. In the extract of H. perforatum, 20 compounds constitute 94.16% of the extract, among which Hypericin (25.92%) and Hyperforin (16.69%) are the most important effective compounds. The content of phenolic compounds of Hypericum perforatum and O. decumbens extracts were 24.0 and 9.5 mg/g of dry weight, respectively. H. perforatum extract shows higher antioxidant activity compared to O. decumbens extract (IC50 of H. perforatum and O. decumbens extracts are 0.173 and 0.470 g/ml, respectively). The extract of H. perforatum inhibited the activity of S. aureus and E. coli, however, did not significantly inhibit the activity of A. niger.

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