نام نام خانوادگی Articles List

Open Access Article

1 - Geological Factors and Health Problems
Francisco Prieto GarcÃa Otilio A. Acevedo Sandoval Judith Prieto MÃ©ndes

10.22034/jchr.2018.544017

Geological factors, such as damages, can cause health determinants in people, which were a little-studied and if they have been raised on occasion, usually referred to no communicable diseases. The aim of this work, which is a more or less updated bibliography, has been More

Geological factors, such as damages, can cause health determinants in people, which were a little-studied and if they have been raised on occasion, usually referred to no communicable diseases. The aim of this work, which is a more or less updated bibliography, has been to develop a holistic idea for a better understanding of a problem and force latent or potential risk that they can carry and consider scientific basis infectious diseases especially complex. Â In essence, the focus of ecosystem health that should be considered in terrestrial ecosystems. It also provides the basic elements for the development of new research in this field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Assessment of Iron Fortification Influence on Organoleptics and Physico-Chemical Properties of Yogurt
N. Askary M. Bolandi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544024

Innumerable percentage of the world population suffers from shortage of vitamins and minerals which is usually called malnutrition. Enough perception and access of such essential vitamins and minerals have close relationship with eternity, physical and mental developmen More

Innumerable percentage of the world population suffers from shortage of vitamins and minerals which is usually called malnutrition. Enough perception and access of such essential vitamins and minerals have close relationship with eternity, physical and mental developments, good health, general welfare of individuals and societies. In this research, the fortification of yogurt with iron has been studied. The kinds of iron used in this study include: FeCl3 (H2O)6, The whey protein-chelated iron (Fe-WP) and The Fe-Casein complex (Fe-CN) that each of them were evaluated in three quantities (10, 20 and 40 milligrams per one kilogram of milk). Then their chemical experiments and organoleptic specifications were studied after keeping 21 days in refrigerator and their results were reported. Results showed that all of these iron compounds were suitable for yogurt but two complexes of iron, including Fe-WP and Fe-CN, were better to be used. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Milk and Milk Products in Iran: A Review
R. Kazemi Darsanaki M. Mohammad Doost Chakoosari M. Azizollahi Aliabadi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544034

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of molds and have adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops. Those can cause illnesses and economic losses. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is one of the mycotoxins produced from the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). It can be More

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of molds and have adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops. Those can cause illnesses and economic losses. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is one of the mycotoxins produced from the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). It can be found in milk or milk products obtained from livestock that have ingested contaminated feed. In this paper, recent studies were reviewed in aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk and milk products in Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Kinetic Study of Free Radicals Scavenging by Saffron Petal Extracts
T. Ardalan P. Ardalan M. M. Heravi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544010

Saffron petal is the main by-product of saffron processing which is produced in large amounts, annually. The objectives of this study were to study the antioxidant activity and free radical-scavenging effects of saffron petal extracts. The ability of saffron petal to ac More

Saffron petal is the main by-product of saffron processing which is produced in large amounts, annually. The objectives of this study were to study the antioxidant activity and free radical-scavenging effects of saffron petal extracts. The ability of saffron petal to act as an antioxidant using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical method was investigated by applying the Uvâ€“Vis spectrometry. The Uvâ€“Vis spectra of reaction mixtures in acetonitrile revealed that saffron petal has a considerable effect on scavenging free radical. Kinetic studies were conducted by measuring the disappearance of DPPH in acetonitrile over the wavelength range of 515-522 nm under pseudo-first-order conditions at 37oC. Furthermore, the pseudo first order rate constants were determined Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Effects of SiO2 Nanoparticles on Mechanical and Physicochemical Properties of Potato Starch Films
Z. Torabi A. MohammadiNafchi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544018

In this paper effect of SiO2 nanoparticles was investigated on potato starch films. Potato starch films were prepared by casting method with addition of nano-silicon dioxide and a mixture of sorbitol/glycerol (weight ratio of 3 to 1) as plasticizers. SiO2 nanoparticles More

In this paper effect of SiO2 nanoparticles was investigated on potato starch films. Potato starch films were prepared by casting method with addition of nano-silicon dioxide and a mixture of sorbitol/glycerol (weight ratio of 3 to 1) as plasticizers. SiO2 nanoparticles incorporated to the potato starch films at different concentrations 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5% of total solid, and the films were dried under controlled conditions. Â Physicochemical properties such as water absorption capacity (WAC), water vapor permeability (WVP) and mechanical properties of the films were measured. Results show that by increasing the concentration of silicon dioxide nanoparticles, mechanical properties of films can be improved. Also incorporation of silicon dioxide nanoparticles in the structure of biopolymer decrease permeability of the gaseous molecules such as water vapor. In summary, addition of silicon dioxide nanoparticles improves functional properties of potato starch films and these bio Nano composites can be used in food packaging. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes as Potential Adsorbents for Textile Dye Removal-A review
M. Hasanzadeh B. Hadavi Moghadam

10.22034/jchr.2018.544026

Textile wastewaters due to the toxic effects of dyestuffs and other organic compounds and their stability toward light and oxidizing agents have led to an environmental problem. Several treatment methods for dye removal have been investigated. Membrane process is one of More

Textile wastewaters due to the toxic effects of dyestuffs and other organic compounds and their stability toward light and oxidizing agents have led to an environmental problem. Several treatment methods for dye removal have been investigated. Membrane process is one of the simplest and most effective methods for dye removal from industrial wastewaters. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes have high specific surface area, high porosity, and small pore size. Therefore, they have been suggested as excellent candidates for many applications, especially in wastewater treatment. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental aspects of electrospun nanofibrous membranes and their properties, as well as highlight the enormous potential of nanofibrous membrane as adsorbents for textile dye removal. Finally, characteristic parameters for membrane performance are enumerated. Permeation flux, rejection, membrane porosity, permeability, molecular weight cut off, and decolorization are considered to be the most important ones. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Comparison of Microwave-Assisted and Hydrodistillation Methods for Extraction of Essential Oil from Achillea millefolium
S. Mollasalehi B. Kashefi H. Hashemi-moghaddam

10.22034/jchr.2018.544029

Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) method has been compared with hydrodistillation (HD) conventional technique for extraction of essential oil from Achillea millefolium. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation were examined at three levels of microwave powers (300 More

Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) method has been compared with hydrodistillation (HD) conventional technique for extraction of essential oil from Achillea millefolium. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation were examined at three levels of microwave powers (300, 500, and 700 W).Â Obtained results show thatÂ MAHD offers important advantages over HD in terms of energy savings and extraction time (20 min against 2.5 h). Also, the essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The amount of oxygenated compounds and monoterpene, such as 1,8 -Cineole, Lavandulyl acetate,Caryophylla-dien, Aromadendrene wereÂ increased in the microwave method. All these results suggest that MAHD represents an excellent alternative method for extraction of essential oils from plant materials. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Nitrogen Concentration of Berseem Clover in Contaminated Soil with Cadmium
H. Aram A. Golchin

10.22034/jchr.2018.544028

The effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi on nitrogen concentration of berseem clover were examined in contaminated soil with cadmium. Examined factors included: levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation (Glomus mosseae) (With and without inoculation), and di More

The effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi on nitrogen concentration of berseem clover were examined in contaminated soil with cadmium. Examined factors included: levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation (Glomus mosseae) (With and without inoculation), and different levels of soil contamination by cadmium (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg.kg-1). The results showed that the effects of cadmium levels and mycorrhiza fungi were significant on nitrogen concentration (Pâ‰¤ 0.01). Â Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased nitrogen concentration in the root and aerial plant 30% and 40.3% respectively. Also cadmium in concentration of 80 mg.kg-1 reduced nitrogen concentration in root and aerial plant 28.3% and 35% respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Polluted Waters by Using of Low Cost Adsorbents: Review
M. Ghaedi N. Mosallanejad

10.22034/jchr.2018.544016

Adsorption is a fundamental process in the physicochemical treatment of wastewaters which industries employ to reduce hazardous organic and inorganic wastes in effluents. In recent years the use of low-cost adsorbents has been widely investigated as a replacement for th More

Adsorption is a fundamental process in the physicochemical treatment of wastewaters which industries employ to reduce hazardous organic and inorganic wastes in effluents. In recent years the use of low-cost adsorbents has been widely investigated as a replacement for the currently costly methods of removing heavy metal ions from wastewater. It is well-known that cellulosic waste materials can be obtained and employed as cheap adsorbents and their performance to remove heavy metal ions can be affected upon chemical treatment. In this study, the use of some of low cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater has been reviewed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Effects Aerosol of Industrial Bleach and Detergent Mixture on Mucosa Layer and Lamina Mucosa Conjunctiva in Mice
Gh. Vaezi M. Pourkazem F. Toosi F. Aliabadi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544014

Today bleach and detergents are being frequently used and some people use their mixture for more cleaning. Because of chemical interaction of bleach and detergent, chlorine gas was released and thereby it could be dangerous for human health. This study examined the effe More

Today bleach and detergents are being frequently used and some people use their mixture for more cleaning. Because of chemical interaction of bleach and detergent, chlorine gas was released and thereby it could be dangerous for human health. This study examined the effects of exposed toxic mixture of bleach and detergent on the Mucosa layer and Lamina mucosa conjunctiva in the mice. In this study, 42 adult male mice NMRI race weighing 35-40 gr and from age 8 to 10 weeks were divided into 6 experimental groups and one control group. Experimental groups 1-2-3 with the use of chamber, the exposed 20 minutes were exposed to spray the amount 1 cc of mixture of bleach and detergent by nebulizer. Experimental groups 4-5-6 were for 35 minutes to inhale the same amount of material. Mice killed at 24-48-72 hours after exposed and the Mucosa Layer and Lamina mucosa conjunctiva tissue was studied pathology. In the study of microscopic sections prepared of mouse mucosa layer and Lamina mucosa conjunctiva tissue experimental group comparison with the control group, significant decrease was observed in mucosa layer the have (p â‰¤ 0.001)Â and significant decrease was observed in the Lamina mucosa have(p â‰¤ 0. 01,Â p â‰¤ 0.001). As a result, increasing the exposed time of mixing bleach and detergent, as time passed, increasing the tissue damage and changes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Ice-Cream
R. Kazemi Darsanaki M. Azizollahi Aliabadi M. Mohammad Doost Chakoosari

10.22034/jchr.2018.544019

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) that it can be found in milk and dairy products. In this study, ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique was used for detection of AFM1 in ice-cream in Guilan province (Northern Iran). More

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) that it can be found in milk and dairy products. In this study, ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique was used for detection of AFM1 in ice-cream in Guilan province (Northern Iran). A total of 90 ice-cream samples was randomly obtained from different supermarkets. In 62 of the 90 ice-cream samples examined (68.88%), the presence of AFM1 was detected in concentrations between 8.4 -147.7 ng/l. The mean level of AFM1 in positive samples was 40.36 ng/l. AFM1 levels in 11 samples (12.22%) were higher than the maximum tolerance limit (50 ng/l) accepted by ISIRI, European Community and Codex Alimentarius. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - The Effects of Environmental Pollution with Heavy Metals in Frequency of Micronuclei in Epithelial Buccal Cells of Human Population in Mitrovica
K. Letaj I. Elezaj Q. Selimi K. Kurteshi

10.22034/jchr.2018.543997

The purpose of this study was evaluation of genotoxic effects of environmental pollution with heavy metals in inhabitants of Mitrovica town (which is located close to smelter â€œTreÃ§aâ€ down closed). In this study, 55 inhabitants (males) from Mitrovica town and 20 (ma More

The purpose of this study was evaluation of genotoxic effects of environmental pollution with heavy metals in inhabitants of Mitrovica town (which is located close to smelter â€œTreÃ§aâ€ down closed). In this study, 55 inhabitants (males) from Mitrovica town and 20 (males) control subjects with similar mean ages and smoking prevalence were enrolled for analysis of micronuclei frequency in epithelial buccal cells. The subjects of Mitrovica town showed significant increase micronuclei frequency (p< 0.001) in epithelial buccal cells compared to controls and with respect to their smoking habits. The current study suggests that chronic exposure to pollution with heavy metals could lead to increase of DNA damage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Phenolic Content of Selected Sumac Fruits from Iran, Extracted With Different Solvents
M. Bashash M. Bolandi N. Zamindar

10.22034/jchr.2018.544008

In this study, the phenolic content of three sumac (R. coriaria L.) samples were evaluated including, brown sumac fruit, brown sumac powder and red sumac. Methanol, ethanol, mixture of methanol-ethanol and distilled water were used for extraction. Phenolic content was d More

In this study, the phenolic content of three sumac (R. coriaria L.) samples were evaluated including, brown sumac fruit, brown sumac powder and red sumac. Methanol, ethanol, mixture of methanol-ethanol and distilled water were used for extraction. Phenolic content was determined by Folinâ€“Ciocaltaeu procedure. The efficiency of the extraction varied considerably. The phenolic content of brown sumac powder, brown sumac fruit and red sumac powder were 2.906-2.997, 2.438- 2.529, 2.172- 2.263 gallic acid equivalents/100 g (GAE/100 g), respectively. According to the results, ethanol shows the best results and sumac had highest phenolic content as compared to other extracts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Study of Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Cotoneaster medicus and Glycyrrhiza glabra Plants
M. M. Heravi S. Rodi P. Ardalan

10.22034/jchr.2018.544027

Extracts of Cotoneaster medicus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, as endemic plants of Iran, along with mixture of them were investigated for their antioxidant activities using 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) reagent. UV-Vis spectrophotometry method was used to evaluate the a More

Extracts of Cotoneaster medicus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, as endemic plants of Iran, along with mixture of them were investigated for their antioxidant activities using 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) reagent. UV-Vis spectrophotometry method was used to evaluate the ability of Cotoneaster and Glycyrrhiza glabra antioxidant to scavenge DPPH radical. The kinetic parameters such as rate constant and activation energy in experimental conditions were calculated. The rate constants of the H atom abstraction by DPPH (k1), in the presence of C. medicus and G. glabra antioxidant were obtained under pseudo-first-order conditions at different temperatures. The order in DPPH radical-scavenging was: mixture of C. medicus and G. glabra > C. medicus > G.Â glabra plants. The numerical values of activation energy were found to be 45.84 kJ.mol-1for G. glabra and 62.02kJ.mol-1 for C. medicus. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Silvernano Particle Loaded on Activated Carbon as Novel Adsorbent for the Removal of Acid Yellow 199 Dye
Z. Alishavandi N. Mosallanejad R. shabani

10.22034/jchr.2018.544038

In this study, a new adsorbent, silver nanoparticle loaded on activated carbon (AgË—NPË—AC) was usedfor removal of acid yellow199 (AY 199) dye. This novel material was characterized and identified by differenttechniques such as Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), field e More

In this study, a new adsorbent, silver nanoparticle loaded on activated carbon (AgË—NPË—AC) was usedfor removal of acid yellow199 (AY 199) dye. This novel material was characterized and identified by differenttechniques such as Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Unique properties of this adsorbent such as high surface area(>1100 m2g-1) and low pore size (<47 AËš) and average particle size lower than 60 AËš make it possible forefficient removal of Ay199. In batch experimental set-up, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, contacttime and pH were investigated. Optimum values were set as pH of 3.0, 0.03g/50mL of adsorbent for initial dyeconcentration of 15 mgL-1 at 40 min and 25 Â±1 ÂºC. The adsorption of Ay199 follows the pseudo-second-orderrate equation in addition to interparticle diffusion model (with removal more than 90%) at all conditions.Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model, while maximum adsorption capacity was 30 mg g-1 for0.03 g/50mL of AgË—NPË—AC. Calculation of various thermodynamic parameters such as, Gibbâ€™s free energy,entropy and enthalpy of the on-going adsorption process also indicated feasibility and endothermic nature ofAY 199 adsorption onto AgË—NPË—AC. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Investigation of the Possibility of Phytoremediating a Soil Contaminated with Anthracene
M. Ahmadi Z. T. Alipour A. Farrokhian Firuzi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544039

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most important organic pollutantsfrequently found in the environment. In this experiment, the effect of phytoremediation as a cost effectivemethod was studied on the concentration of anthracene (C14H10) which is one More

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most important organic pollutantsfrequently found in the environment. In this experiment, the effect of phytoremediation as a cost effectivemethod was studied on the concentration of anthracene (C14H10) which is one of PAHs. The effect of sorghum(V1), hairy vetch (V2) and oat (V3) was studied under four concentrations of anthracene (S1, S2, S3 and S4) insoil. In S1 level which pollution was the lowest, the three plants had the highest reduction rate. The reductionrate was decreased by increasing the pollution level (S2 and S3),; the lowest reduction rate was observed in S4level which had the highest pollution level. There was significant difference between the three plants and thefallow. Generally, hairy vetch had the highest phytoremediating capacity and resistance compared with theother plants. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Accumulation and Histopathological Effects of Mercury Chloride after Acute Exposure in Tropical Fish Gymnotus carapo
C. S. Vergilio Carvalho C. E. V. E. J. T. Melo

10.22034/jchr.2018.544006

The present study evaluated potential Hg bioaccumulation and its morphological effects in different organs of the tropical fish, Gymnotus carapo, after a single acute intra-peritoneal exposure (0.6 Âµg.g-1) and over progressively longer exposure times (24 h, 48 h, 72 h More

The present study evaluated potential Hg bioaccumulation and its morphological effects in different organs of the tropical fish, Gymnotus carapo, after a single acute intra-peritoneal exposure (0.6 Âµg.g-1) and over progressively longer exposure times (24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h). The Hg accumulation was differential and time dependent for most target organs (testis > liver > gills > muscle). Â Hg exposure leads the highest accumulation potential in testis since the initial examination point (24 h) until the last (96 h). The liver showed progressive Hg accumulation, presenting its highest levels only at the 96 h exposure point. Hg concentrations in the gills and muscle oscillated over the exposure times; however, the highest values of both organs also occurred in 96 h exposed fish. Histopathological alterations were observed in testis, liver and gills from 24 h of Hg exposure, and the extent of the alterations and their severity increased out to 96 h of exposure. These results shows a correlation between Hg accumulation and the induced morphological damages in different organs along the time in a tropical fish species G. carapo, being the histopathology a sensitive technique for the observation of the initial damage from Hg exposure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Ultra-Trace Determination of Copper and Silver in Environmental Samples by Using Ionic Liquid-Based Single Drop Microextraction-Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
J. Abolhasani M. Amjadi E. Ghorbani Kalhor

10.22034/jchr.2018.544036

A sensitive, selective and effective ionic liquid-based single drop microextraction technique wasdeveloped by using ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, C6MIMPF6, coupledwith electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) for the determi More

A sensitive, selective and effective ionic liquid-based single drop microextraction technique wasdeveloped by using ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, C6MIMPF6, coupledwith electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) for the determination of copper and silver inenvironmental samples. Dithizone was used as chelating agent. Several factors that influence themicroextraction efficiency and ETAAS signal, such as pH, dithizone concentration, extraction time, amounts ofionic liquid, stirring rate, pyrolysis and atomization temperature were investigated and the microextractionconditions were established. In the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limits (3 s) of the methodwere 4 and 8 ng L-1 and corresponding relative standard deviations (0.1 Î¼g L-1, n = 6) were 4.2% and 4.8% forAg and Cu, respectively. The developed method was validated by analysis of a certified reference material andapplied to the determination of silver and copper. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Determination of Trace Amounts of Gold in Environmental Samples by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry of Its Complex with Rhodamine Using Osc-Pls
A. Akrami A. Niazi F. Bagheban-Shahri

10.22034/jchr.2018.544004

The multivariate calibration method was applied for the determination of trace amounts of gold based on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in the presence of rhodanine, followed by reduction of adsorbed gold by voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation More

The multivariate calibration method was applied for the determination of trace amounts of gold based on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in the presence of rhodanine, followed by reduction of adsorbed gold by voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation The optimum experimental conditions are: rhodanine concentration of 0.20 mg mL-1, pH 5.0, accumulation potential of -600 mV versus Ag/AgCl, accumulation time of 100 sec, scan rate of 30 mV s-1 and pulse height of 100 mV. The calibration matrix for partial least squares (PLS) regression was designed with 9 samples. Orthogonal signal correction (OSC) is a preprocessing technique used for removing the information unrelated to the target variables based on constrained principal component analysis. OSC is a suitable preprocessing method for PLS calibration without loss of prediction capacity using electrochemical method. The RMSEP for gold determination with PLS and OSC-PLS were 8.51 and 1.94, respectively. This procedure allows the determination of gold in synthetic and real samples with good reliability of the determination.Â Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Biosorption of Direct Red 81 from Aqueous Solutions by Chamomilla Plant
M. Momen Heravi A. Kodabande M. R. Bozorgmehr T. Ardalan P. Ardalan

10.22034/jchr.2018.544011

In this study, Chamomilla plant biomass used as a sorbent for biosorption of a textile dye, direct red 81, from an aqueous solution. The batch sorption was studied with respect to dye concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature. Also, kinetic and isotherm parameters w More

In this study, Chamomilla plant biomass used as a sorbent for biosorption of a textile dye, direct red 81, from an aqueous solution. The batch sorption was studied with respect to dye concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature. Also, kinetic and isotherm parameters were determined for biosorption of Direct red 81 by Chamomilla plant. The maximum biosorption capacity (qm) of Direct red 81 10 mg g-1 was obtained at 25oC. The kinetic and isotherm studies indicated that the biosorption process obeys a pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm models. In addition, various thermodynamic parameters, such as changes in Gibbs free energy (Î”G), enthalpy (Î”H) and entropy (Î”S) have been calculated. The biosorption process of Direct Red 81 dye onto activated carbon prepared from Chamomilla plant was found to be spontaneous and exothermic. The findings of this investigation suggest that this procces is a physical biosorption. The experimental studies indicated that Chamomilla plant had the potential to act as an alternative biosorbent to remove the Direct Red 81 dye from an aqueous solution. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Determination of Sodium Benzoate and Potassium Sorbate in â€œDooghâ€ Samples in Post Market Surveillance in Iran 2012
B. Akbari-adergani S. Eskandari N. Bahremand

10.22034/jchr.2018.544022

Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are two major chemical preservatives which are used in Doogh (Iranian traditional dairy drink). In this study, a total of 27 commercial brands of highly consumed of Doogh samples were analyzed. The means and standard deviation for c More

Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are two major chemical preservatives which are used in Doogh (Iranian traditional dairy drink). In this study, a total of 27 commercial brands of highly consumed of Doogh samples were analyzed. The means and standard deviation for concentration of these preservatives based on HPLC results for analysis of benzoate and sorbate were 195Â·9 (SD 1Â·8) and 328Â·8 (SD 2Â·1) mg.Kg-1 respectively. The minimum and maximum of benzoate content in various brands were 18.3 and 2345.1 mg.Kg-1 and for sorbate were not detected and 4961.3 mg.Kg-1 respectively. The study revealed that there was not significant difference in preservative concentration in the samples that belonged to various dates. However, a few samples had a high preservative concentration, which could be a risk factor for human health, especially when their intake was being occurred by various foodstuffs simultaneously. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Investigation of the Effects of Rosemary Extract on Barrier and Colorimetric Properties of Mungbean Starch Films
H. Safari Maznabi A. Reza MohammadiNafchi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544030

Barrier properties are one of the most important factors in the edible film. In this study, edible mungbean films were prepared containing (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%) concentrations of rosemary aqueous extract. Then the effect of rosemary was investigated on colorimetric and ba More

Barrier properties are one of the most important factors in the edible film. In this study, edible mungbean films were prepared containing (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%) concentrations of rosemary aqueous extract. Then the effect of rosemary was investigated on colorimetric and barrier properties (water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability). Rosemary extract increased the absorption of color in the visible region, which in turn led to increase of the parameters a (index color tends toward green) and b (index color tends towards yellow). The results showed that increasing concentrations of rosemary extract have a significant effect( p <0.05) to reduce the amount of oxygen and water vapor permeability. Â Also turbidity of mungbean starch was increased with increasing concentrations of rosemary in the film. Improving barrier properties and the colorimetric properties were showed by rosemary extract compounds that these materials can use as the safety of food and pharmaceutical packaging industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - The Effects of ZnOnanorodson the Characteristics of Sago Starch Biodegradable Films
R. Alebooyeh A. MohammadiNafchi M. Jokr

10.22034/jchr.2018.544007

: Nowadays tend to use biodegradable packaging; including edible coatings and films for free from synthetic chemicals and do not cause environmental pollution, the industry is growing day by day. The aim of this research was to preparation and characterization of biodeg More

: Nowadays tend to use biodegradable packaging; including edible coatings and films for free from synthetic chemicals and do not cause environmental pollution, the industry is growing day by day. The aim of this research was to preparation and characterization of biodegradable films supported with ZnOnanorods. In this study, sago starch based films were prepared andÂ Â plasticized with sorbitol/ glycerol by casting method. ZnOnanorod with 0, 1, 3and 5%(w/w)was added to the films before casting the films. Films were dried at controlled conditions. Physicochemical properties such as water absorption capacity (WAC), permeability to water vapor (WVP) and water solubility of the films were measured.Â Also, the effects of addition of nano particles were measured on the antimicrobial properties of the films by agar diffusion method. Results showed that by increasing concentration of ZnOnanorod, solubility in water, WAC, and WVP of the films significantly (p <0.05) decreased. Furthermore, the addition of zinc oxide nanorods showed antimicrobial properties against E. Coli. In summary sago starch films supported with ZnOnanorodscan were used as active packaging for agricultural products as well as food industry.Â Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - The Effect of Oil Pollution on LathyrusSativus and Lens Culinaris with Potential of Phytoremediation
R . Noori B. Lorestani N. Yousefi N. Kolahchi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544001

Oil pollution is a worldwide threat to the environment. The remediation of oil contaminated soils, sediments and water is a major challenge for environment. Phytoremediation is an emerging green technology that uses plants to remediate soil, sediment, surface water, and More

Oil pollution is a worldwide threat to the environment. The remediation of oil contaminated soils, sediments and water is a major challenge for environment. Phytoremediation is an emerging green technology that uses plants to remediate soil, sediment, surface water, and groundwater in environment which contaminated with toxic metal, organics, and radionuclide. In this study, some species of Fabaceae family were chosen and planted in different concentrations of oil pollution in soil, to identify the tolerant species. It was done in period of 40 days in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results showed the highest level of light crude contamination, which the plant is able to grow,is 8% with 3.3 cm for lathyrussativus species and 6% with 7cm for Lens culinaris. So among the studied species Lathyrussativus and Lens culinaris were tolerant species that could grow in high concentrations of oil pollution. These species can be suggested to phytoremediation of oil-polluted soils. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration in Remediation of Oil-contaminated Soils with Use of Fenton Reaction
A. S. Yousefi A. Bostani

10.22034/jchr.2018.544013

Refining oil-contaminated soils has a great importance especially in oil producer countries such as Iran. Different methods have been provided to eliminate oil contaminations from soil. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Hydrogen peroxide concentrati More

Refining oil-contaminated soils has a great importance especially in oil producer countries such as Iran. Different methods have been provided to eliminate oil contaminations from soil. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Hydrogen peroxide concentration in refining oil-contaminated soils with Fenton chemical method. To do this, a calcareous soil complex sample was collected around the Tehran oil refinery and treated with 10 and 20 percent petroleum in three replications. After reaching to balance conditions, the sample was treated using0.01, 0.02,0.12,0.24,0.47 and 0.71 equivalent of Hydrogen peroxide. The results indicated that in all level of H2O2, the eliminating efficiency in 10 percent was more than 20 percent treatment. Also a significant difference between the levels of hydrogen peroxide used in the removal of oil pollution in both surface concentrations was obtained (P<0.01). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Solid Phase Extraction of Trace Copper in Aqueous Samples Using C18 Membrane Disks Modified by Benzildithiosemicarbazone Prior to Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (FAAS) Determination
M. Mohammadhosseini

10.22034/jchr.2018.544025

A highly convenient, selective and sensitive procedure for pre-concentration, separation and determination of sub-ppm levels of Cu2+ in aqueous samples based on modification of octadecyl silica bonded phase membrane (OSBPM) disks is described using benzildithiosemicarba More

A highly convenient, selective and sensitive procedure for pre-concentration, separation and determination of sub-ppm levels of Cu2+ in aqueous samples based on modification of octadecyl silica bonded phase membrane (OSBPM) disks is described using benzildithiosemicarbazone Â (BDSC) as a powerful modifier. It was revealed that each loaded OSBPM disk with 6.0 mg of BDSC serves as excellent bead for trapping, enrichment and isolation of trace copper. The analyte was trapped during introduction the aqueous solutions through the surface of each modified membrane, quantitatively, while other interfering ions passed through the disk to drain. The adsorbed Cu2+ ions were then stripped by appropriate eluting agents followed by monitoring of the eluates by FAAS. The effects of sample pH, amount of the modifier, stripping agent types and sample flow-rates were also investigated. The described method permitted a pre-concentration factor of about 200. The detection limit of the procedure was predicted to be about 0.013 ng L-1. The method was successfully employed for recovery and quantification of trace copper in different water samples.Â Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Extraction and Determination of Pb(II) by Organic Functionalisation of Graphenes Adsorbed on Surfactant Coated C18 in Environmental Sample
A. Moghimi S. Yousefi Siahkalrodi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544032

A novel, simple, sensitive and effective method has been developed for preconcentration of lead. This solid-phase extraction adsorbent was synthesized by functionalization of graphenes with covalently linked N-methyl-glycine and 3, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde onto the surfa More

A novel, simple, sensitive and effective method has been developed for preconcentration of lead. This solid-phase extraction adsorbent was synthesized by functionalization of graphenes with covalently linked N-methyl-glycine and 3, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde onto the surfaces of graphite. The method is based on selective chelation of Pb (II) on surfactant coated C18, modified with functionalization of graphenes (graphene-f-OH). The adsorbed ions were then eluted with 4 ml of 4 M nitric acid and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) at 283.3 for Pb. The influence of flow rates of sample and eluent solutions, pH, breakthrough volume, effect of foreign ions were investigated on chelation and recovery. 1.5 g of surfactant coated C18 adsorbs 40 mg of the functionalization of graphenes (graphene-f-OH) base which in turn can retain15.2Â±0.8mg of each of the two ions. The limit of detection (3Ïƒ) for Pb(II) was found to be 3.20 ng l -1. The enrichment factor for both ions is 100. The mentioned method was successfully applied on the determination of Pb in different water samples. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Antimicrobial and Barrier Properties of Bovine Gelatin Films Reinforced by Nano TiO2
R. Nassiri A. MohammadiNafchi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544035

The effects of nano titanium dioxide incorporation were investigated on the water vaporpermeability, oxygen permeability, and antimicrobial properties of bovine gelatin films. The nano TiO2 (TiO2-N) was homogenized by sonication and incorporated into bovine gelatin solu More

The effects of nano titanium dioxide incorporation were investigated on the water vaporpermeability, oxygen permeability, and antimicrobial properties of bovine gelatin films. The nano TiO2 (TiO2-N) was homogenized by sonication and incorporated into bovine gelatin solutions at different concentrations(e.g. 1, 2, 3, and 5% w/w of dried gelatin). The permeability of the films to water vapor and oxygen wassignificantly decreased by incorporating of low concentration TiO2-N to gelatin solutions. TiO2-N gelatin filmsshowed an excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Theseproperties suggest that TiO2-N has the potential as filler in gelatin-based films for using as an active packagingmaterials in pharmaceutical and food packaging industries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Salicylic Acid in Success of Culturing Ocimum Basilicum L. in Aluminum â€“ Contaminated Lands
Sh. Enteshari F. Mirzaiyan

10.22034/jchr.2018.544003

Aluminum stress is considered as limiting factor of plant performance. Many studies showed that inoculating plants by mycorrhizal fungi and using salicylic acid increased the resistance of many plants against heavy metals toxicity. The purpose of this study was to consi More

Aluminum stress is considered as limiting factor of plant performance. Many studies showed that inoculating plants by mycorrhizal fungi and using salicylic acid increased the resistance of many plants against heavy metals toxicity. The purpose of this study was to consider the role of Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices fungi and of salicylic acid in increasing resistance of green basil against aluminum toxicity. This experiment was performed in factorial plan based on random blocks in greenhouse conditions. The results of this study showed that aluminum caused increase in reduced sugar in shoot and root and increase in proline in shoot, while destructive effects of aluminum chloride were adjusted in pretreated â€“ salicylic acid or inoculated â€“ mycorrhizal fungi plants Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Nitrophenol Isomers in Environmental Samples Using First Derivative of the Density Ratio Spectra
F. Bagheban-Shahri A. Niazi A. Akrami

10.22034/jchr.2018.544009

A new spectrophotometric method was developed for the simultaneous of ternary mixtures of nitrophenol isomers, without prior separation steps. This method is called the first derivative of the density ratio spectra. All factors affecting on the sensitivity were optimize More

A new spectrophotometric method was developed for the simultaneous of ternary mixtures of nitrophenol isomers, without prior separation steps. This method is called the first derivative of the density ratio spectra. All factors affecting on the sensitivity were optimized and the linear dynamic range for determination of nitrophenol isomers was found. The method made use of a derivative of the double-divisor-ratio spectra of optical density. In this case, the linear determination ranges are 1.0-25.0 mg mL-1 for m-nitrophenol, 1.0-25.0 mg mL-1 for o-nitrophenol and 1.0-15.0 mg mL-1 for p-nitrophenol. The RMSEP for m-nitrophenol, o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol by proposed method was 0.4907, 0.4779 and 0.2068, respectively. The method developed in this paper was rapid, easy to apply, not expensive and it was suitable for analyzing to overlapping signals of compounds in their mixtures without any chemical pre-treatment and also, the proposed method was satisfactorily applied to the rapid simultaneous determination of m-nitrophenol, o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol in synthetic and water samples. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Separation of Trace Amount Zn (II) Using Additional Carbonyl and Carboxyl Groups Functionalized-Nano Graphene
A. Moghimi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544012

A novel and selective method for the fast determination of trace amounts of Zn(II)ions in water samples has been developed. Â The first additional carbonyl and carboxyl functionalized-nano graphene (SPFNano graphene). The presence of additional carbonyl and carboxyl gro More

A novel and selective method for the fast determination of trace amounts of Zn(II)ions in water samples has been developed. Â The first additional carbonyl and carboxyl functionalized-nano graphene (SPFNano graphene). The presence of additional carbonyl and carboxyl groups located at the edge of the sheets makes GO sheets strongly hydrophilic, allowing them to readily swell and disperse in water. Based on these oxygen functionalities, different model structures of GO were used as absorbent for extraction of Zn (II)Â Â ions by solid phase extraction method. The complexes were eluted with HNO3 (2M)10% V.V-1 methanol in acetone and determined the analyte by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Â The procedure is based on the selective formation of Zn (II) at optimum pH by elution with organic eluents and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The method is based on complex formation on the surface of the ENVI-18 DISKTM disks modified carbonyl and carboxyl functionalized-nano graphene oxide molecules covalently bonded together followed by stripping of the retained species by minimum amounts of appropriate organic solvents. The elution is efficient and quantitative. The effect of potential interfering ions, pH, SPFNano graphene, amount, stripping solvent, and sample flow rate were also investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the break-through volume was found to about 1000mL providing a preconcentration factor of 500. The maximum capacity of the disks was found to be 456Â± 3 Âµg for Zn2+.The limit of detection of the proposed method is 5ng per 1000mL.The method was applied to the extraction and recovery of Zn in different water samples. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Determination of Zinc Ions in Environmental Samples by Dispersive Liquid- Liquid Micro Extraction and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
F. Arabi A. Emami Meibodi F. Aflaki

10.22034/jchr.2018.544000

In this work preconcentration of the Zn ions was investigated in water sample by Dispersive liquid- liquid micro extraction (DLLME) using chloroform as an extraction solvent, methanol as a disperser solvent and 8-Hydroxyquinoline as a chelating agent. The determination More

In this work preconcentration of the Zn ions was investigated in water sample by Dispersive liquid- liquid micro extraction (DLLME) using chloroform as an extraction solvent, methanol as a disperser solvent and 8-Hydroxyquinoline as a chelating agent. The determination of extracted ions was done by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The influence of various analytical parameters including pH, extraction and disperser solvent type and volume and concentration of the chelating agent on the extraction efficiency of analyses was investigated. After extraction, the enrichment factor was 26 and the detection limit of the method was 0.0033 Âµg l-1 and the relative standard deviations (R.S.D) for five determinations of 1 ng/ml Zn were 7.41%.Â Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Survey the Effect of Oil Pollution on Morphological Characteristics in Faba Vulgaris and Vicia Ervilia
B. Lorestani N. kolahchi M. Ghasemi M. Cheraghi N. Yousefi

10.22034/jchr.2018.543998

Pollution results when a change in the environment harmfully affects the quality of human life including effect on animals, microorganisms and plants. Among the broad range of organic pollutants contaminating soil-water environment, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are More

Pollution results when a change in the environment harmfully affects the quality of human life including effect on animals, microorganisms and plants. Among the broad range of organic pollutants contaminating soil-water environment, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are of great environment concern. Oil contaminated soil will affect germination, plant height, leaf area and biomass production. The aim of this research was to elucidate effects of oil pollution on morphological characteristics in Fabaceae family. For this purpose species of Faba vulgaris and Vicia ervilia were planted in different concentrations of oil in soil. For morphological studies, studied species were removed from polluted and non polluted soils separately and some morphological characters were studied in these species, then these characters were compared in plants, collected from polluted and non polluted soil. Finally, the level of significance of these differences was elucidated by using of SPSS. Obtained results showed that oil pollution can cause some abnormalities in structure of vegetative parts in plants grown on polluted soils. Decreasing of plant length and stem diameter and changing the leaf shape was among the most important effects of oil on morphological characteristics in Faba vulgaris and Vicia ervilia. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Assessment Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils to Petroleum Compounds and Role of Chemical Fertilizers in the Decomposition Process
H. Parvizi Mosaed S. Sobhan Ardakani M. Cheraghi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544020

Today oil removal from contaminated soil by new methods such as bioremediation is necessary.Â In this paper, the effect of chemical fertilizers and aeration on bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil has been investigated. Also the control group, (bioremediation of pet More

Today oil removal from contaminated soil by new methods such as bioremediation is necessary.Â In this paper, the effect of chemical fertilizers and aeration on bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil has been investigated. Also the control group, (bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soil without treatment by chemical fertilizers and aeration treatment was examined. The condition of experiment is as following: those were treated 70 days in glass columns (30Ã—30Ã—30cm dimensions), ambient temperature (25-30 0C), relative humidity 70%, aeration operation with flow 0.7 lit/min.Â The total number of heterotrophic bacteria of break down oil and the total of petroleum hydrocarbons were analyzed using gas chromatography analysis. all experiments were replicated three times. The microbial population results for control soil, treated soil by aeration and treated soil by aeration and chemical fertilizers columns are 2.3Ã—105, 1.04Ã—1010, and 1.14Ã—1011 CFU/gr, respectively. The concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons of remaining are 46965, 38124, and 22187 mg kg-1respectively. The obtained results show that the aeration operation and chemical fertilizers have effective role on degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by oil degrading bacteria from soil. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Seed Extract on Oxidative Stability of Olive Oil
Sh. Chang A. Bassiri H. Jalali

10.22034/jchr.2018.544031

Lipid oxidation has adverse effect on food deterioration and human health. The antioxidant activity of fennel seed extracts (FSE) was evaluated by synthetic antioxidant. Its oxidative stability was compared in olive oils in concentrations of BHA (75 ppm), BHT(75 ppm) an More

Lipid oxidation has adverse effect on food deterioration and human health. The antioxidant activity of fennel seed extracts (FSE) was evaluated by synthetic antioxidant. Its oxidative stability was compared in olive oils in concentrations of BHA (75 ppm), BHT(75 ppm) and Â 1:1 BHA to BHT ratio. Peroxide (PV), P-anisidine (AV) and TOTOX values were evaluated to assess the extent of oil deterioration. During 28 days of storage, a compromise was accomplished based on the results assessed by PV, TOTOX, at which the antioxidant activity of FSE was higher than BHA (75 ppm), BHT (75 ppm) and BHA to BHT ratio of 1:1 at the concentration of 150 ppm. Among them, concentration of 150 ppm showed the best antioxidant activity. The results of present experiments suggest that FSE has potential source of natural antioxidant for the application in food industry to prevent lipid oxidation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Simultaneous Pre-Concentration of Cadmium and Lead in Environmental Water Samples with Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Determination by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry
M. Salahinejad F. Aflaki

10.22034/jchr.2018.544021

The dispersive liquidâ€“liquid microextraction (DLLME) method for determination of Pb+2 and Cd+2 ions in the environmental water samples was combined with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC), chl More

The dispersive liquidâ€“liquid microextraction (DLLME) method for determination of Pb+2 and Cd+2 ions in the environmental water samples was combined with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC), chloroform and ethanol were used as chelating agent, extraction solvent and disperser solvent, respectively. Some effective parameters on the microextraction and the complex formation were selected and optimized. These parameters included extraction and disperser solvent type as well as their volume, extraction time, salt effect, pH, sample volume and amount of the chelating agent.Â Â Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor of 75 and 105 for Cd+2 and Pb+2 ions respectively was obtained from only 5.00mL of water sample. The detection limit (S/N=3) was 12 and 0.8ngmLâˆ’1 for Pb and Cd respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSDs) for five replicate measurements of 0.50 mgLâˆ’1 of lead and cadmium was 6.5 and 4.4 % respectively. Mineral, tap, river, sea, dam and spiked water samples were analyzed for Cd and Pb amount. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Occurrence of Organochlorines Contaminants in Coastal Fish from Sepetiba Bay: Levels and Human Health Repercussions
A. Pacheco Ferreira

10.22034/jchr.2018.544040

The aim of this study was to survey levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinateddibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in white mullet (Mugil curema),common snook (Centropomus undecimalis), and acoupa weakfish (Cynoscion acou More

The aim of this study was to survey levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinateddibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in white mullet (Mugil curema),common snook (Centropomus undecimalis), and acoupa weakfish (Cynoscion acoupa), collected at Sepetibabay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, March-August 2013. PCBs and PCDD/Fs were determined by High Resolution GasChromatography/High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) as stated by the US EPA 1613B, 1668B,and 8290A methods. The concentration of total PCBs ranged from 0.589688 ~ 0.6981629 pg-WHO-TEQ/g wwand PCDDs/PCDFs ranged from 0.134037 ~ 0.242573 pg-WHO-TEQ/g ww. The concentrations of thesecontaminants on fish species currently appear to fall below critical values, and the dietary consumption of thesespecies did not represent a risk for human health. However, seeking to avoid future problems, systematicmonitoring can prevent complications to the environment, marine wildlife and public health impacts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - The Amount and Timing of Foliar Urea Application Effect on Maize and Forage Sorghum Proteins
H. Kheirabadi S. Shahsavani M. Basafa S. Gharanjik

10.22034/jchr.2018.543999

This study was carried out for investigating the effect of amount and timing of foliar urea in increasing silage yield and protein content of fodder, in a maize field in Neyshabour, Khorasan Razavi Province during 2011 summer crop season. A split plot design with factor More

This study was carried out for investigating the effect of amount and timing of foliar urea in increasing silage yield and protein content of fodder, in a maize field in Neyshabour, Khorasan Razavi Province during 2011 summer crop season. A split plot design with factorial arrangement and three replications were used. Treatments were timing of foliar urea application (a week before tasselling, mid anthesis and early milk stage), urea levels (zero (check), five and 7.5 g.lit-1) and two hybrids of corn (Sc 704) and forage sorghum (speed feed). The results indicated that the concentration of nitrogen had significant effect to increase forage protein and silage yield (correcting by 280 g.kg-1 of dry matter). The highest forage protein concentrations for both crops and silage yield were achieved with 7.5 g.lit-1 of urea application, but the silage yield of sorghum was more than that of corn. The results showed that urea spraying can effectively increase the fodder nitrogen and silage protein, respectively, with the least possible cost, and in this respect it has an important role in providing quality and environmental safe forage for producer and consumer, meanwhile the adverse effects of excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer are reduced. Â Â Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Preconcentration of Zn(II) from Sample Water by Phenyl-iminodiacetic Acid Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
A. Moghimi

10.22034/jchr.2018.544002

: phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes were prepared by grafted phenyl-iminodiacetic acid groups onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes via a diazotation reaction. The stability of chemically phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nan More

: phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes were prepared by grafted phenyl-iminodiacetic acid groups onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes via a diazotation reaction. The stability of chemically phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes in concentrated hydrochloric acid which was then used as a recycling and pre-concentration reagent for further uses of phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The application of thisÂ phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes for sorption of a series of metal ions was performed by using different controlling factors such as the pH of metal ion solution and the equilibration shaking time by the static technique. Zn(II) was found to exhibit the highest affinity towards extraction by theseÂ phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes phases. The pronounced selectivity was also confirmed from the determined distribution coefficient (Kd) of all the metal ions, showing the highest value reported for Zn(II) to occur byÂ phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The potential applications ofÂ phenyl-iminodiacetic acid grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes for selective extraction of Zn(II) to occur from aqueous solution were successfully accomplished as well as pre- concentration of low concentration of Zn(II) (60 pg ml-1) from natural tap water with a pre-concentration factor of 100 for Zn(II) off-line analysis by flame atomic absorption analysis.Â Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Antimicrobial, Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Barrier Properties of Tapioca Starch Films Incorporated with Eucalyptus Extract
M. Rojhan L. Nouri

10.22034/jchr.2018.544037

Starch is found in abundance in nature and it is one of the raw materials used for food packagingbecause of the low price, biodegradability, good mechanical and barrier properties. The recycling ability ofcoating materials was significantly increased by using edible fil More

Starch is found in abundance in nature and it is one of the raw materials used for food packagingbecause of the low price, biodegradability, good mechanical and barrier properties. The recycling ability ofcoating materials was significantly increased by using edible films and coating in comparison to traditionalpackaging and it could be an alternative for synthetic films. In this research, the effect of eucalyptus extract(Aqueous Extract) was investigated on tapioca starch films. Tapioca starch films were prepared by castingmethod with addition of eucalyptus extract and a mixture of sorbitol/glycerol (weight ratio of 3 to 1) asplasticizers. Eucalyptus extract incorporated to the tapioca starch films were dried at different concentrations(0, 15, 25, and 35 of total solid) under controlled conditions. Physicochemical properties such as waterabsorption capacity (WAC), water vapor permeability (WVP) and mechanical properties of the films wereevaluated. Results showed that by increasing the concentration of eucalyptus extract, tensile strength wasincreased from 20.60 to 15.68 (MPa), also elongation was increased from 19.31 to 23.57 (%) at break andYoungâ€™s modulus was decreased from 800.31 to 500.32 (MPa). Also incorporation of eucalyptus extract in thestructure of biopolymer increased permeability of water vapor of starch films. Tapioca starch filmsincorporated with eucalyptus extract exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against E. Coli. In summary,eucalyptus extract improves functional properties of tapioca starch films and this types of films can be used infood packaging. Manuscript profile

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