ارزيابي تحریک رشد در ژنوتيپ¬هاي چغندرقند تحت تنش ملایم شوری

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

كوروش ناظم ¹ (دانش آموخته كارشناسي ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مهاباد- ایران.)
تورج میرمحمودی ² (هیات علمی واحد مهاباد)

تاریخ دریافت : 1392/08/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1393/11/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1393/10/10

کلید واژه: تحريك رشد, چغندر قند, ژنوتيپ, شوري ملايم. ,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی تحریک رشد ژنوتیپ های چغندر قند در تنش شوری ملایم ، 16 ژنوتیپ چغندر قند در آزمایشی در دو شرايط نرمال و شوري ملايم (1-ds/m5-4=Ec) در دو محيط با سه تكرار در ايستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی میاندوآب اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ درشرایط بر صفات درصد قند ناخالص، عملكرد قند ناخالص، درصد استحصال قند و عملكرد قند خالص معني دار بود. در اين آزمايش اعمال شوري ملايم موجب تحريك رشد چغندر قند شده و ميزان عملكرد ريشه، عملكرد قند خالص و عملكرد قند ناخالص را به ترتيب 15، 5/10 و 20 درصد نسبت به شرايط نرمال افزايش داد. مقايسه ميانگين ژنوتيپ ها نشان داد ژنوتيپ هاي شماره 14، 15 و 16 با اوریژن 004، 005 و Isela به ترتیب با متوسط 04/9، 334/10، 81/10 تن در هکتاردر شرایط نرمال و 59/16، 37/16، 93/11 تن در هکتار در شرایط تنش ملایم بالاترین عملکرد قند خالص را به خود اختصاص دادند و به عنوان مناسب ترين ژنوتيپ¬ها در هر دو شرایط شناسايي شدند. در هر دو شرايط نرمال و شوري ملايم عملکرد قند خالص با عملكرد ريشه، درصد قند خالص، عملکرد قند ناخالص ودرصد استحصال همبستگي مثبت و معني داري نشان داد. نتايج تجزيه به عامل ها نشان داد تحت شرايط نرمال چهار عامل و تحت شرايط شوري ملايم سه عامل به ترتيب 5/92 و80/87 درصد از كل تغييرات داده ها را توجيه كردند كه در هر دو شرايط صفات عملكرد ريشه و درصد قند ناخالص و عملكرد قند ناخالص با يك عامل توجيه مي¬شدند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To study the growth stimulation of sugar beet ( Beta Vulgaris L. )under mild salinity, a field study was conducted in Agricultural Research Center in Miandoab in combined analysis design with three replications during the crop year of 2013 in two separated normal and mild salinity ( Ec = 4-5-ds/m ). Combined analyses of variance showed that genotype in environment interaction was statistically significant on sugar content, sugar yield, extraction of sugar coefficient and white sugar yield. Interactions of genotype in specific conditions had significant effect on sugar percentage, sugar yield, coefficient of sugar extraction and white sugar yield. In this research, mild salinity condition induced sugar beet growth and increased traits such as root yield, sugar content, molasses of sugar, white sugar content, sugar yield. The mild salinity also increased it up to 10.5% and 20% compared with normal conditions. Genotypes of 14, 15 and 16 respectively, by Origen 004, 005 and Isela, in average conditions of 9.04, 10.34, 10.81 in normal condition and 16.59, 16.37 and 11.93 ton/ha in stress condition showed the highest sugar yield and were identified as the most suitable genotypes in both situations. In both normal and mild saline conditions between root yield, sugar content, sugar yield and its extraction a positive and significant correlation were observed. The results of factor analysis showed that in normal conditions, there were four factors of 92.5 percent and in mild salinity three factors of 87.80 percent which justified the total variation in root and sugar yield.

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