بررسی اثر کودهای حاوی مواد محرک رشد و عناصر کم مصرف بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام ذرت

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

فرزاد جلیلی ¹ (گروه کشاورزی-دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی خوی-ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/04/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/03/16

کلید واژه: : عملکرد, محرک رشد, محلول‌پاشی, هیبرید,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی محلول‌پاشی کودهای حاوی مواد محرک رشد و عناصر کم مصرف بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم ذرت دانه‌ای، آزمایشی در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان خوی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل رقم ذرت در دو سطح (سینگل کراس 704 و ماکسیما) و فاکتور دوم شامل محلول‌پاشی کودهای حاوی محرک رشد در پنج سطح (برکسیل کمبی، آزومین، الیکذر، بیو20گلد و عدم مصرف) بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که اکثر صفات مورد مطالعه از جمله ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، وزن خشک ساقه و برگ، تعداد دانه در ردیف، تعداد کل دانه در بلال، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، درصد و عملکرد پروتئین دانه تحت تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف قرار گرفتند. هم‌چنین اثر رقم بر تمامی صفات به‌جز قطر ساقه و درصد پروتئین دانه معنی‌دار شد. بیش‌ترین ارتفاع بوته (1/315 سانتی‌متر)، وزن هزار دانه (2/271 گرم)، عملکرد دانه (9/12 تن در هکتار) و عملکرد پروتئین (96/1 تن درهکتار) از محلول‌پاشی بیو20گلد به دست آمد. بیش‌ترین درصد پروتئین دانه با 38/10 واحد مربوط به محلول‌پاشی کود آزومین بود. در بین ارقام ذرت نیز هیبرید سینگل کراس 704 با 75/12 تن در هکتار بالاترین عملکرد دانه و ذرت ماکسیما با 15/39 درصد بالاترین شاخص برداشت را داشتند. اثر متقابل بین تیمارهای کودی و ارقام ذرت نشان داد که بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه با 57/13 تن در هکتار مربوط به تیمار محلول‌پاشی کود بیو20گلد با ذرت سینگل کراس 704 و بالاترین شاخص برداشت با 34/36 درصد مربوط به مصرف محرک رشد الیکذر در رقم ماکسیما بود. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده مصرف کود بیو20 گلد و ذرت سینگل‌کراس 704 با داشتن بالاترین عملکرد دانه جهت محلول‌پاشی و کشت در منطقه قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The first factor consisted of two levels of maize cultivar (Single Cross 704 and Maxima), and the second one included the foliar application of fertilizers containing growth stimuli at five levels (Brexil Combi , Azomin , Eliqzer , Bio-20 Gold and No consumption). Analysis of variance showed that most of the studied traits including plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of stem and leaf, number of grains per row, total number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, protein percentage and seed yield were affected by different fertilizer treatments. Also, the effect of cultivar on all traits except stem diameter and grain protein percentage was significant. The highest plant height (315.1 cm), 1000 kernel weight (271.2g), grain yield (12.9 t/ha) and protein yield (1.96 t/ha) were obtained from Bio-20 gold fertilizer. The highest percentage of grain protein with 10.38 units was related to foliar application of azomin. Among the maize cultivars, hybrid single-crop 704 with 12.75 ton/ha had the highest grain yield. Interaction between fertilizer treatments and maize cultivars showed that the highest grain yield ( 13.57 t/ha) was related to the application of Bio-20 gold fertilizer on maize cross 704 was related to the use Eliqzer growth stimulator in Maxima cultivar. Therefore, according to the obtained results, application of Bio-20 Gold and Single cross 704 maize with highest grain yield for foliar application and cultivation in the area is recommended

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