عوامل مؤثر بر تعاملات در محیط های یادگیری الکترونیک (مطالعه ای فراترکیب)

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت آموزشی

جواد پورکریمی ¹ (استادیار، گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران)
زهره علیمردانی ² (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/03/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/07/01

کلید واژه: تعامل, یادگیری الکترونیکی, فراترکیب,

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر باهدف شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر تعاملات در محیط یادگیری الکترونیکی انجام‌شد که از منظر نظریه‌پردازان مختلف به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین عنصر حیاتی در فرایند یادگیری شناسایی‌شده است.روش پژوهش حاضر، کیفی وازنظر هدف بنیادی است که به‌صورت فراترکیب و روش کتابخانه‌ای، با استفاده از مدل هفت مرحله‌ای سندلوسی و باروس (Sandelowski & Barroso,2007)گردآوری شده است. در این مطالعه، پس از طراحی سؤال پژوهشی، جستجوی سیستماتیک براساس کلمات کلیدی مربوط به یادگیری الکترونیکی و تعاملات طی سال‌های(2010-2020 وهم‌چنین 1398-1388)در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی ایرانی و خارجی شاملcivilica،SID،springer،magiran،‌Proquest،Elsevier،Google.Scholar مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پس از انجام 7 مرحله از روش متا سنتز و بازبینی تعداد 30مقاله از بین 106 مقاله یافت شده، 5 مؤلفه اصلی و35 مؤلفه فرعی به‌عنوان عوامل مؤثر بر تعاملات در محیط آموزشی الکترونیکی قابل استناد است. بر این اساس مؤلفه‌های اصلی عوامل مؤثر بر تعاملات در محیط یادگیری الکترونیکی شامل: 1.عوامل فناوری( فناوری در آموزش، کیفیت ابزارهای دیجیتال، زیرساخت‌های مخابراتی) 2. عوامل فردی( انگیزه، نگرش، تعهد و نظم ) 3. عوامل آموزشی( بازخورد، تعداد افراد کلاس، شیوه تدریس، مشارکت کلاسی ) 4. عوامل علمی ( تناسب محتوا، طرح درس، سرفصل وتسلط بر محتوا) 5. عوامل مدیریتی ( رهبری فرایند و ساختار، نظارت بر عملکرد دوره‌های آموزش الکترونیکی) می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting interactions in e-learning environment, which has been identified as the most important vital element in the learning process from the perspective of different theorists' theories. Sandlossi and Barroso (Sandelowski & Barroso, 2007) have been collected. In this study, after designing the research question, systematic search based on keywords related to e-learning and interactions during the years (2010-2020 as well as 2009-2010) in Iranian and foreign databases including civilica, SID, springer, magiran, ‌Proquest, Elsevier, Google.Scholar was reviewed. After performing 7 steps of meta-synthesis method and reviewing 30 articles out of 106 found articles, 5 main components and 35 sub-components can be cited as factors affecting interactions in e-learning environment. Accordingly, the main components of factors affecting interactions in the e-learning environment include: 1. Technological factors (technology in education, quality of digital tools, telecommunication infrastructure) 2. Individual factors (motivation, attitude, commitment and order) 3. Educational factors (feedback) , Number of class members, teaching method, class participation) 4. Scientific factors (content fit, lesson plan, topic and content mastery) 5. Management factors (process and structure leadership, monitoring the performance of e-learning courses).

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