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List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Didactic-Ethical Instructions in Hakim Nazaari Ghohestani's Sonnets (Ghazals)
Parvin RezaeiEducation and training has long been very important and poets and writers have always paid attention to this issue in their works. Nazaari Ghohestani is one of the poets who knows the value of applying didactic teachings. He has used his didactic teachings in his sonnet MoreEducation and training has long been very important and poets and writers have always paid attention to this issue in their works. Nazaari Ghohestani is one of the poets who knows the value of applying didactic teachings. He has used his didactic teachings in his sonnets (Ghazals); therefore, his lyric poems are replete with educational and moral themes and meanings. In this research, the author intends to use descriptive-analytical research method and library materials in order to do a content-statistical analysis of the didactic teachings in Hakim Nazaari's sonnets. The result of this study shows that Nazaari in his sonnet invites to the important moral and humane virtues such as patience, repentance, kindness, forgiveness, sound behavior and kindness, contentment and fulfilling the promise. He also Forbids and warns against vices such as hatred, greed, cunning and deceit, pride, persecution of others, oppression, interest in worldly belongings, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Methods of Persuasion in Attar's sonnets Based on Roman Jakobsen's theory of ''verbal communication process''
shahin GhasemiRoman Jakobson, one of the most prominent theorists of Russian formalism, in his theory of verbal communication model, stated that any verbal communication between the narrator and the narratee is based on six factors: sender, receiver, communication channel, contact, c MoreRoman Jakobson, one of the most prominent theorists of Russian formalism, in his theory of verbal communication model, stated that any verbal communication between the narrator and the narratee is based on six factors: sender, receiver, communication channel, contact, code and subject. One of the communication patterns in the recent model is the "persuasive role". The orientation of the message in the persuasive role is towards the audience and the speaker tries to communicate with the audience by using the sentences which are mostly command, prohibition and supplication. "Theme" and "audience" are seen in such a way that beyond each of the mentioned classifications, the poet uses language means to persuade the audience with a message. The present article uses descriptive-analytical method and library resources in order to examine the methods of persuasive ethics and its classifications in Attar's sonnets based on Roman Jakobson's theory of verbal communication. The results of the present study show that persuasion has a special place in Attar's sonnets it is mainly represented in three classifications: religious and wisdom, social, and cultural, and behind these roles. The poet encourages issues such as leaving the world, avoiding hypocrisy, happiness, and so on. In addition to paying attention to the theological points and figurative language that have created a lot of literary value for this work, the appropriate and frequent use of persuasion as an educational method has added to the didactic richness of his sonnets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Analyzing the Behaviors of Nezami's Characters Khosrow and Shirin Based on Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development
Simin Arami Ali Dehghan Zhyla Serati Hosein HajizadehNezami's Khosrow and Shirin is not composed to teach ethics; however, the ethics in the behavior of the characters of the lyrical stories of this work has unique features. morality finds a unique feature of characters' behaviors in his poems. Because in the dilemma of r MoreNezami's Khosrow and Shirin is not composed to teach ethics; however, the ethics in the behavior of the characters of the lyrical stories of this work has unique features. morality finds a unique feature of characters' behaviors in his poems. Because in the dilemma of relationships and sometimes beyond the rein of love, ethics and morality get stuck in unconventional situation. Nizami’s works have already been studied in terms of the ethics and morality. However, in this study, the ethical behavior of the characters of the poetic cycle and their morality is to be analyzed according to a scientific theory. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development is one of the psychological and cognitive approaches to the ethics and morality and various studies have been done base upon this theory. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the behaviors of the characters of Khosrow and Shirin according to the moral stages of Lawrence Kohlberg. This approach has not already been used in Panj Ganj. According to the research results, regarding the behavior of characters, six group or six main ethical components were identified. Each of these components include various behaviors. Each behavior is due to specific motivation or logic which is also illustrated in Kohlberg’s theory Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An analysis of the Techniques and the Didactic Teachings in Abdolrahim Shirvani's Hedāyat Nāme
Sedighe dorosti Mojtaba Safar Alizadeh Shahriar HasanzadehDidactic poems are an extensive part of Persian literature. From a literary point of view, these poems reflect the dignity of the work and the thought of the poet in didactic aspects, both theoretically and practically. Hedāyat Nāme (means letter for guidance) written b MoreDidactic poems are an extensive part of Persian literature. From a literary point of view, these poems reflect the dignity of the work and the thought of the poet in didactic aspects, both theoretically and practically. Hedāyat Nāme (means letter for guidance) written by Mieza Abd al-Rahim Shirvani, whose pen name is Hazin, and he is one of the orators of the twelfth century AH, is replete with the didactic teachings in the Qajar period. This manuscript collection, which is one of the valuable moral works has not been known yet. For the sake of the seekers of wisdom, Hedāyat Nāme is a didactic work whose educational themes and meanings are based on the religious knowledge, social culture, and the moral teachings in which the poet has an intellectual and artistic responsibility based upon the common educational discourse. In this study, the authors intend to introduce briefly the system of guidance and examine the status and impact of religious and moral teachings used in this work. The results of the research indicate that the poet is a sophisticated person expressing educational criteria in his anecdotes according to the situation. In this work, the positive moral teachings of kindness to parents, prayer, gratitude, piety, hope, fulfilling the promise, etc. occurred frequently. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Analyzing the Function of Oppositions in Representing Moral and Didactic Concepts in Saadi's the Seventh Chapter of Bustān
gholamhosein giahy Hamid Reza Soleimanian hasan delbaryOne of Saadi's techniques in Bustān, to represent the didactic and moral teachings, especially in the seventh chapter, is using binary oppositions at the level of words and meanings. He tries to give his audience a correct understanding of the virtues by mentioning the MoreOne of Saadi's techniques in Bustān, to represent the didactic and moral teachings, especially in the seventh chapter, is using binary oppositions at the level of words and meanings. He tries to give his audience a correct understanding of the virtues by mentioning the desired counseling and moral issues, and then by representing the opposite of those issues in order to increase the ability of moral distinction in his audience. In this research, using library resources and descriptive-analytical method, the quality of reflected oppositions on the basis of the binary opposition theory has been investigated in the seventh chapter of Saadi's Bustān. The results show that the totality of this chapter represents the opposition between good and evil at the macro level. In the next step, Saadi points to examples under each general classification to enhance the audience's insight and knowledge. The characters who reflect these oppositions also fall into two categories: real and virtual. In general, Saadi intends to turn the city of body and soul into a utopia based on the moral needs by providing the necessary moral bases for the inner cultivation of individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analyzing the Didactic teachings of 'Anti-Oppression' in the Poem Derafsh-e-Kāviān by Hamid Mosaddegh on the Basis of the Theory of Speech Acts of John Searle
hasan lakzian akbar shabanyContemporary poetry has experienced fundamental changes compared to the classical period regarding the words and content. In terms of content, poets have avoided referring directly to ethics and have used it as a tool to represent political and social issues, which resu MoreContemporary poetry has experienced fundamental changes compared to the classical period regarding the words and content. In terms of content, poets have avoided referring directly to ethics and have used it as a tool to represent political and social issues, which results in the complexity and multiplicity of the poems. Hamid Mosaddegh, as one of the prominent representatives of the social symbolic poetry in the contemporary era, has benefited this technique. In Derafsh-e-Kāviān, by reflecting a set of moral teachings and their connection with the political and social issues, he takes a new step in describing and designing didactic themes. At the infrastructure level, he has encouraged his audience to build a better world in accordance with justice-oriented standards, by using didactic capacities such as God-centeredness, unify of people, self-belief, intellectual and behavioral passivity, negation of determinism, etc. Analyzing Derafsh-e-Kāviān with a descriptive-analytical method and on the basis of John Searle's theory of speech acts shows that using expressive, persuasive, emotional, obligatory and declarative acts resulted in representing anti-oppression as a macro moral concept. Other didactic teachings. Teaching methods have been used to reinforce this fundamental concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Didactic Instructions Based on the Presence of Different Generations in Shāhnāmeh
Masoumeh Hashempour Yosef Nikrouz Athar Tajalli ArdakaniShāhnāmeh is a literary masterpiece written by Ferdowsi. In this valuable literary work, Ferdowsi who has the knowledge of the natural differences between children, the youth and the elders examines different dimensions of didactic literature to express his desired conc MoreShāhnāmeh is a literary masterpiece written by Ferdowsi. In this valuable literary work, Ferdowsi who has the knowledge of the natural differences between children, the youth and the elders examines different dimensions of didactic literature to express his desired concepts and goals, which are full of pure didactic points, to his readers in the best possible way. Understanding the characteristics of different generations can show the significant and practical role of didactic literature. In fact, the difference in didactic subjects arises from the differences in life stages, intellectual and physical strength, as well as knowledge resulting from their gaining experience in the society. In this article, the researchers attempt to analyze the effect of didactic literature and its characteristics from the perspective of generational differences in Shāhnāmeh. By analyzing subjects such as fame, good reputation, beneficence, courage, foresight, erudition and knowledge, advice, etc., it was determined how Ferdowsi has used didactic themes relevant to each generation. Relying on the didactic instructions, Ferdowsi invites children to learn art, the youth to become aware of and to accept advice, and the elders to be wise, prudent, advising and guiding. Manuscript profile
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