Veterinary Clinical Pathology The Quarterly Scientific Journal: 2 (2)

Open Access Article

1 - The effect of muscular stresses on the quality of broiler meat
یوسف Doustar فرید Sarkarati افشین Javadi وحید Haji Abalo

Collection and transport of chickens from the production farm to the slaughterhouse causes stress. In this study, the relationship between stress causing factors and broiler meat quality was evaluated. Thirty apparently healthy 60-day-old broilers of the same sex and br More

Collection and transport of chickens from the production farm to the slaughterhouse causes stress. In this study, the relationship between stress causing factors and broiler meat quality was evaluated. Thirty apparently healthy 60-day-old broilers of the same sex and breed were allocated equally to three groups (A and B as treatment and C as the control group). The nutritional and rearing conditions were similar for all groups. Broilers in the first treatment group (A) were subjected to various muscular injuries similar to those occurring during gathering and transfer to abattoir while those in the second treatment group (B) were forced to flap their wings severely. Twelve hours after exertion, blood samples were collected for measurement of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and total volatile nitrogen (TVN) levels and tissue samples were taken from deep pectoral muscle to prepare microscopic sections in all groups. Macroscopically, swelling, bruising and severe hemorrhage was evident in deep pectoral muscle of the treatment groups, while edema, degeneration, necrosis and infiltration of heterophiles, lymphocytes and macrophages were observed microscopically.  Specific tissue changes were not seen in the control group. The levels of CPK and TVN had increased in treatment groups compared to the control group and their mean differences were also statistically significant (P<0.005).   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Study of the process of development of stomach in the ovine fetus
M.A Ebrahimi سید سجاد Hejazi

     This study was carried out to determine the process of formation, development and topographic characteristics of different parts of stomach and extent of their rotation in sheep fetuses. For this purpose, 14 ovine fetuses at the age of 38,40,45,47,52 More

     This study was carried out to determine the process of formation, development and topographic characteristics of different parts of stomach and extent of their rotation in sheep fetuses. For this purpose, 14 ovine fetuses at the age of 38,40,45,47,52,58,66, 75, 80,88,103,110,130 and 150 days of gestation were examined. The uteri of 50 pregnant ewes were collected from the abattoir and after determination of the age of the fetuses, they were fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution and following necropsy, the topography of stomach was studied. At 30-day of gestation, the omasum was seen opposite the reticulum and results indicated that its development takes place along the vertical axis. At 38 days rumen was the largest part of the stomach situated cranial to reticulum, while at 47 days of gestation, the size of rumen and reticulum was approximately equal. The enlarged rumen moves caudally and the reticulum moves forward from underneath the rumen at about 52 days of gestation. At 66 days, rumen was the largest chamber in comparison to other parts of the stomach and the reticulum was located completely in front of the other parts. The abomasum was massive at 103 days and it was the largest part of stomach at 110 days of gestation. The results indicated that at the beginning of the developmental process, the rumen is situated cranially and abomasum caudally. Gradually as the rumen enlarges it migrates dorsal and caudal to the abomasum. Finally, the reticulum moves forward underneath the rumen and forms the most cranial part of the stomach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effect of lactose, skim milk and Tris diluents on frozen buffalo spermatozoa
Ali Rastegarnia وحید Shafepour

The composition of the extender in which semen is diluted before freezing plays a major role in successful cryopreservation of spermatozoa. This study was carried out to identify the suitable buffer for cryopreservation of buffalo semen. Sixteen split pooled ejaculates More

The composition of the extender in which semen is diluted before freezing plays a major role in successful cryopreservation of spermatozoa. This study was carried out to identify the suitable buffer for cryopreservation of buffalo semen. Sixteen split pooled ejaculates from two buffalo bulls possessing more than 70% visual sperm motility, were diluted at 370c either in lactose, skim milk or Tris extenders. The diluted semen was cooled to 40c within 2 hours, equilibrated at 40c for 4-6 hours following the addition of glycerol, filled in 0.5 ml French straws and frozen in a programmable cell freezer before plunging into liquid nitrogen. Semen was thawed at 370c for 30 seconds after 48 hours of storage inside liquid nitrogen. Post thaw visual sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome morphology of each semen sample were assessed by warm plate microscopy at 370c, hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) and giemsa staining, respectively. Analysis of variance revelated that percentage of post thaw visual sperm motility (Mean± standard deviation) tended to be higher in Tris (50±3.6) than skim milk (44.5±2.5) and lower in lactose (24.4±10.5) extenders (P<0.01). The percentage of spermatozoa with normal plasma membrane and intact acrosome averaged 41.4±1.2 , 32.6±3.8 , 24.0±9.4 and 54.0±3.1 ,50.4±4.1, 27.3±12.2 for Tris, skim milk and lactose diluents, respectively (P<0.01). In conclusion, the result of this study indicated that the use of Tris based buffering system is suitable and recommendable for cryopreservation of buffalo spermatozoa in comparison to skim milk or lactose diluents.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Accuracy rate of pregnancy detection in dairy cow by measuring the early pregnancy factor
صمد Mosaferi وحید Ghaffari Laleh جعفر Majidi ایرج Lotfi

Early pregnancy factor (EPF) a protein with immunosuppressive properties can be detected in the serum of most domestic animals at early pregnancy. In this study, pregnancy detection in 41 dairy cows following artificial insemination was evaluated by detecting EPF in blo More

Early pregnancy factor (EPF) a protein with immunosuppressive properties can be detected in the serum of most domestic animals at early pregnancy. In this study, pregnancy detection in 41 dairy cows following artificial insemination was evaluated by detecting EPF in blood serum using the rosette inhibition test (RIT). The amount of EPF activity 1-3 and 4-7 days after artificial insemination of cows was measured by RIT. Pregnancies were confirmed 45-60 days after insemination by rectal palpation. The results indicated that sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of this technique in detecting pregnancy 1-3 days following insemination was 88.88,  66.66,  72.72,  85.71  and  77.77 percent  respectively and RIT titers of above 8 and below 4 were seen in pregnant and non-pregnant animals at this period. The value of the above parameters were 91,  83.83,  83.33,  91  and  87 percent  respectively  4-7  days  after insemination and also RIT titers of above 8 and below 4 were achieved in pregnant and non pregnant cows during this period. The results of this study indicated that there are significant differences in RIT titers between pregnant and non-pregnant cows 1-3 and 4-7 days following artificial insemination (P<0.05).  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Histopathological study of osteoporotic changes after experimental creation of osteoporosis by ovariectomy in the rat
داریوش Mohajeri مهران Mesgari Ali Rezaie Amin Balila

In order to study the histopathology of osteoporosis during menopause, 80 female Sprague-Dawley rats with approximate age of 10 weeks were allocated to 10 groups of 8 rats each (C1, C2 and C3 as control, S1, S2 and S3 as sham, T1, T2 and T3 as treatment groups and C0 as More

In order to study the histopathology of osteoporosis during menopause, 80 female Sprague-Dawley rats with approximate age of 10 weeks were allocated to 10 groups of 8 rats each (C1, C2 and C3 as control, S1, S2 and S3 as sham, T1, T2 and T3 as treatment groups and C0 as one pure control group). The nutritional and maintenance conditions were similar in all groups. Treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3) were bilaterally ovariectomized using right and left flank approach. Sham groups (S1, S2 and S3) underwent operation in which ovaries were exposed from the same approach but left intact. Treatment (T1, T2 and T3) and their related control groups (C1, C2 and C3) were euthanized at 5, 12 and 21 weeks respectively after ovariectomy. After necropsy, both tibia and femur bones were totally removed and fixed in 10%  buffered formalin, decalcified and tissue specimens stained with H&E for histopathological study. Microscopically, osteoporosis was prominent in treatment groups T2 and T3 although it was more severe in treatment group T3. Statistically, differences between ovariectomized groups (T1, T2 and T3) regarding the severity of osteoporosis with 99% confidence were significant (P<0.01). Significant differences between treatment group T1 and control groups were not observed (P>0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The effect of phenylbutazone injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the horse
Ali Hassanpour Vahid Farshchi Andisi مجید Ebrahimi Hamed فرهاد Farhangpajoh

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phenylbutazone injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian horses were allocated to two groups of control and treatment each consisting of six animals. In the treatment group, More

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phenylbutazone injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian horses were allocated to two groups of control and treatment each consisting of six animals. In the treatment group, 3 mg/kg phenylbutazone was injected intravenously for 6 days while in the control group equal values of 0.9% NaCl solution was used for the injection. Blood samples of all animals were collected from the jugular vein at days 0(before injection), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, their sera separated by centrifuging and the levels of T3 and T4 were measured using the ELISA technique. There was a significant difference (P Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Effects of monensin on serum parameters in Gezel sheep
Ali Kargary Rezapour پرویز Namavar بابک Baghbanzadeh Nobari

Five male Gezel lambs received different levels of monensin (0, 10, 30 and 60 mg/kg DMI) with their diet in a cross over design. The experimental diet consisted of 70% concentrate and 30% roughage. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein 1 hour before and 2 hours More

Five male Gezel lambs received different levels of monensin (0, 10, 30 and 60 mg/kg DMI) with their diet in a cross over design. The experimental diet consisted of 70% concentrate and 30% roughage. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein 1 hour before and 2 hours after feeding and their sera immediately separated to measure the serumic concentrations of glucose, triacylglycerol, total protein, albumin/globulin ratio, blood urea nitrogen, and also aspartate aminotransfrase (AST) and gamma glutamyltransfrase (GGT) activity. Rumen fluid was also collected by rumenocentesis following feeding and its pH determined. During the experimental period, clinical examination was performed and the results were recorded. Significant differences in mean serumic levels of triacylglycerol, albumin/globulin ratio, blood urea nitrogen and the activity of AST and GGT were not seen before and after feeding although there were significant differences in this respect between different levels of monensin (P<0.01). Mean rumen pH in control lambs (0 mg/kg) was significantly (P<0.01) lower than those received 30 and 60 mg/kg monensin but there was no significant difference between the control lambs and those that received 10 mg/kg monensin. Clinical manifestations of acidosis in control lambs (0 mg/kg monensin) were clearly in agreement with rumen pH. Mean serumic levels of glucose in lambs that received 0 mg/kg monensin was significantly (P<0.05) lower than the other treatment groups while total protein levels were significantly higher (P<0.01). The results of this study indicates that monensin in concentration of at least 30 mg/kg of diet can prevent acute and subacute acidosis and the associated decline in appetite.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Study of the levels of beta hydroxy butyrate, glucose, protein and albumin in Holstein cows with subclinical ketosis
بهرام Amouoghli Tabrizi شهاب‌الدین Safi سیامک Asri Rezaee مهدی Abdie Nojamehr

The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate the levels of beta hydroxy butyrate (BHB), glucose, protein and albumin in serum of healthy Holstein cows and those with subclinical ketosis. In this survey, blood samples were collected at two stages from cow More

The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate the levels of beta hydroxy butyrate (BHB), glucose, protein and albumin in serum of healthy Holstein cows and those with subclinical ketosis. In this survey, blood samples were collected at two stages from cows selected at 7 dairy farms in Shahriar province of Tehran. Five to 7 ml of blood were taken from the coccygeal vein of 100 cows during the last week of pregnancy when the animals were dry and once again 2 months after parturition from the same cows, their sera separated and the amounts of BHB, glucose, protein and albumin determined by enzymatic techniques and commercially available kits. With the cut point of BHB at 1.2, 1.4 and 1.7 mmol/lit, the percentage of cows affected with subclinical ketosis were 18, 14 and 4 percent, respectively. Mean levels of BHB in ketotic cows was significantly higher than healthy cows before and after parturition while mean levels of glucose, protein and albumin was significantly lower during the same periods (P Manuscript profile

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