Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning: 5 (4)

Open Access Article

1 - Assessing the amount of social capital and its effectiveness in promoting the economic opportunities of tourism entrepreneurship (Case study: Soltanieh-Gharktalehkhor villages)
Soraya Rafiei rahmatollah monshizadeh pegah moridsadat

Introduction: Social capital is one of the most important factors affecting tourism entrepreneurship, the existence of which, especially in rural areas, can have many effects on increasing jobs and businesses related to tourism.Objective of the research: Therefore, the More

Introduction: Social capital is one of the most important factors affecting tourism entrepreneurship, the existence of which, especially in rural areas, can have many effects on increasing jobs and businesses related to tourism.Objective of the research: Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the amount of social capital and its effectiveness in promoting the economic opportunities of tourism entrepreneurship in 11 villages located in the axis of communication between Soltanieh and Katlekhor Cave.Research Methodology: The type of applied research is the descriptive-analytical method used and documentary and field methods have been used to collect data. The statistical population of the study is the rural population living in 11 villages located in the axis of communication between Soltanieh and Katlekhor, which according to Cochran's formula, 322 people are considered as a sample. Statistical methods such as one-sample t-test, regression, Prometheus ranking model and path analysis were used to analyze the data.Geographical area of study: The studied villages are located in Khodabandeh city of Zanjan province, which is located in the southwest of the province, which is the most mountainous and highest region of this province. Also, this city has the largest rural population in the province.Findings and Discussion: The results of the study showed that the amount of social capital indicators in the studied villages is higher than the numerical desirability (3) and in this regard, the participation index with an average of 3.47 has the highest score. The results of regression also show a good correlation coefficient between variables and the network index with beta (0.365) percent had the highest impact on the economic opportunities of tourism entrepreneurship. Based on the results of path analysis, participation has the greatest impact on the economic opportunities of tourism entrepreneurship by calculating the overall impact (direct and indirect). Also, the results of the Promethean ranking model showed that the village of Zavajer is ranked first in terms of social capital and the village of Dalairsafli is ranked last.Results: Based on the findings of the study, the components of social capital can improve the economic opportunities of tourism entrepreneurship in the study area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Interpretive Structural Modeling the Impact of Urban Management Revenue on Urban Sustainability: (Case Study: Urmia City)
reza dadashpour Hassan Ahmadzadeh reza valizadeh

Introduction: Urban management means-controlled planning to achieve efficiency and equality in urban development. Urban management is not only the management of urban facilities and organizations but also the management of the process of urbanization, urban development, More

Introduction: Urban management means-controlled planning to achieve efficiency and equality in urban development. Urban management is not only the management of urban facilities and organizations but also the management of the process of urbanization, urban development, and urban affairs in such a way that urban facilities work together.Research aim: The purpose of this research is to investigate the dimensions and indicators that determine and influence the performance of urban management in the field of sustainable development in Urmia City.Methodology: The current study is based on a practical purpose and is descriptive research in terms of the method. The statistical population of this research included experts and city managers in Urmia city. In this research, to provide information, the functional dimensions of urban management effects on the sustainable urban development process of Urmia were first identified through the Delphi method, using the opinions of experts including university professors, experts and managers, and planners in the field of urban management. Then, the obtained information was analyzed using interpretive-structural modeling (ISM) and finally, using MICMAC analysis, the type of variables was determined according to the degree of influence and effectiveness on other variables. In this technique, the mutual effects of the desired components of the research are analyzed using different methods and through the construction of a matrix. It is necessary to explain that the present technique is among semi-quantitative and exploratory methods. Studied Areas: The geographical territory of this research is the city of Urmia.Results: The results of this research showed that identity and belonging to a place, diversity, and security and safety have the highest influence with the penetration power of 12, 10, and 10, respectively, and access criteria, air, sound, and visual pollution, cleanliness and waste, and green space have the least influence. have had in the field of urban, management performance in the field of sustainable urban development.Conclusion: Also, at the level of dimensions, the results showed that socio-cultural dimensions and then the physical dimension are the basic levels of urban management performance in the field of sustainable urban development of Urmia, and any plan and action for the beginning and sustainable development of Urmia should play a key and basic role. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The evolution of historical houses of Tabriz metropolis from the perspective of Visual Perception (case example of houses in Qajar period of Tabriz)
Fatemeh Mohammadiyan ali azar asadolah shafizade

Introduction:.The Qajar period houses of Tabriz are considered to be the most beautiful historical houses of Tabriz. The aesthetics of these houses is not only formal and outward, but a mass of semantic and functional aesthetics is hidden behind the appearance of these More

Introduction:.The Qajar period houses of Tabriz are considered to be the most beautiful historical houses of Tabriz. The aesthetics of these houses is not only formal and outward, but a mass of semantic and functional aesthetics is hidden behind the appearance of these houses. Research aim: Explanation and investigation of the influential components in the functional aesthetics of the historical houses of Tabriz in the Qajar periodMethodology: Descriptive-analytical method with qualitative method using interviews was used. In this research, there are two types of statistical population. 1- The houses of the Qajar period of Tabriz, which have been selected from among the 14 famous Qajar houses of Tabriz. 1- There are 135 professors and experts in the field of architecture and historical heritage of Tabriz, of which 16 were randomly selected. To analyze the house in relation to the aesthetics of the interpretive-historical method, and to interview in a semi-structured way with experts from the professors and experts of Tabriz in the fields related to the architecture of this house, the interviews were conducted using audio recorders. The voice of the respondents was coded using the "MaxQodia" qualitative data analysis software with the help of a computer.Studied Areas: The area under study is the city of TabrizResult: It is concluded that the aesthetic factors have been manifested in the context of the body and the function of harmony with local custom and culture, local materials and attention to the needs of all family members and flexibility, and the evolution of the historical houses of Tabriz in the direction of aesthetics (functional, functional) ) Is.Conclusion: The findings of the research showed that the aesthetics of Qajar houses is manifested in a functional, physical, formal, structural and functional-social way and in the relationship with nature. The most important manifestations of this period appear in the form of three styles and periods of purely performance (without paying attention to aesthetics), imitative aesthetics and aesthetics along with functional aesthetics Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluation of the effective indicators on citizens' participation in urban affairs in Kermanshah city with the interpretive structural equations approach
negin hashemi moslem rostami jafar nasirnateri

Introduction The participation of citizens in the urban decision-making process is one of the main elements of comprehensive urban development that plays an important role in creating urban balance. The purpose of the current research is to evaluate the effective indica More

Introduction The participation of citizens in the urban decision-making process is one of the main elements of comprehensive urban development that plays an important role in creating urban balance. The purpose of the current research is to evaluate the effective indicators in the participation of citizens in urban affairs with a modeling approach.Methodology The current research is applied in terms of goal setting and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. which has been identified from the opinions of 30 experts on this topic using the Delphi method. In order to analyze the information of 6 factors as strong influencing factors of citizens' participation in urban affairs, ISM interpretive-structural modeling was used, and then with Mic-Mac software and SPSS software.Geographical area of research The area under study is the city of Kermanshah.Results and discussion The results of the research showed that the effectiveness of the transparency index was more effective than other factors. Also, the results showed that the indicators of transparency, responsiveness, efficiency and participation and objective indicators are among the linked variables that have a high power of influence and dependence, but the transparency and accountability index are directed towards key factors and are at the border between the linked indicators and There are key factors that have high power of influence and low dependence and have the greatest impact on urban affairs, as well as subjective indicators of weak influence but high dependence and are most influenced by key and connected factors. And finally, suggestions have been made for the development of citizens' participation in urban affairs in Kermanshah.Conclusion The index of transparency and accountability has the highest score and the objective index has an unfavorable situation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Regeneration the worn-out urban fabric with a good governance approach (Case study: worn-out texture of the city of Sari)
Mohammad Hakimpour Jalal Azimi Amoli gholam reza janbaz ghobadi Sadroddin Motevalli

AbstractIntroduction: our country, a significant part of the old texture of the cities, which often form their primary and main core, has been neglected in the accelerated process of urbanization and urban development programs and have turned into worn-out and inefficie More

AbstractIntroduction: our country, a significant part of the old texture of the cities, which often form their primary and main core, has been neglected in the accelerated process of urbanization and urban development programs and have turned into worn-out and inefficient urban textures .The subject of this research is the reconstruction of the worn-out texture of the city of Sari with the approach of good urban governance, and in it, an attempt has been made to answer the question of what the city of Sari is like in terms of the indicators of good urban governance and how it can be done using this approach. Recreated the worn-out urban fabric.Purpose: The purpose of research is to recreate the worn-out textures of Sari city with a good governance approach.Research method: It is a combination of library and field methods. In the library method, tools such as articles, statistics, statistical tables, etc. have been used in the field method, direct observation, free interview and researcher-made questionnaire. This information was entered into SPSS software and analyzed by statistical tests. Also, using Smart PLS software, the structural equation model of the research was set.Findings: The findings of the research show that more than 50 percent of the responses to the status of good governance and regeneration indicators are below average, which indicates the unfavorable status of these indicators in the worn-out fabric of Sari city.Results: The results show that there is a significant relationship between good governance and the regeneration of the worn-out urban fabric, and the three indicators of justice, legalism and collectivism have the greatest impact on the regeneration of the worn-out fabric.Key words: good governance, regeneration, dilapidated texture, structural equations, Sari city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Explaining the effect of the physical factors of the atrium On the thermal performance and ventilation of high buildings in the climate of Rasht city
farzaneh asadi malekjahan babak padasht Seyedeh Mamak Salavatian

Introduction: Atrium is one of the most important architectural elements affecting the energy performance and ventilation of the building. This research investigates the effect of the physical factors of the atrium on the thermal performance, lighting and ventilation of More

Introduction: Atrium is one of the most important architectural elements affecting the energy performance and ventilation of the building. This research investigates the effect of the physical factors of the atrium on the thermal performance, lighting and ventilation of high buildings in the climate of Rasht city. Methodology: The main approach of the research method of this study is quantitative and uses the simulation method. The simulation reference building is a high building with ten floors and a square plan with an open interior design, with a rectangular atrium exactly in the center of the building, defined so that the center of the atrium is located on the center of the building. The indicators of energy performance and ventilation performance including cooling demand, heating demand, total energy consumption, indoor air temperature and the number of air changes throughout the building are considered as dependent variables, and the variables of land dimensions, building form, window-to-wall ratio (WWR) and internal plan are fixed as a control variable. Result and Discussion: The findings show that, in general, the change in the physical factors of the atrium directly affects the thermal performance, lighting and ventilation of high buildings in the climate of Rasht city. Also, the findings show that the variables of length, width, perimeter and area of the atrium in the reference model in the climate of Rasht city have a significant and direct relationship with the heating demand and ventilation volume and an inverse relationship with the lighting demand of the building. The results showed that the cooling demand constitutes the largest amount of energy consumption, i.e. about 74% of the total energy consumption. Also, the heating demand is about 17% of the total energy consumption on average. While lighting energy defines the lowest amount of energy consumption, on average 9% of the total energy consumption. Conclusion:According to the findings, it is concluded that the use of atriums in high buildings in Rasht city is recommended only in situations where there is an urgent need to increase the lighting in the heart of the building;. Also, based on the findings, it can be concluded that in an equal area, the use of a square atrium generally produces better results. Also, rectangular atriums with north-south orientation have a better response in terms of energy performance than other orientations in Rasht city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Comparative study of quality of life indicators of nomads in Yilaq and Qeshlaq of Il Bakhtiari (case study: nomads of Lali city)
Zahra Soltani Majid Goodarzi Sadegh Soleimani Babadi

Introduction: Today, improving the quality of life is a central planning goal in every country. So, first of all, an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the status quo of the quality of life should be done. It can be done only based on a systematic approach.Aim: More

Introduction: Today, improving the quality of life is a central planning goal in every country. So, first of all, an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the status quo of the quality of life should be done. It can be done only based on a systematic approach.Aim: This research aims to investigate the indicators of the quality of life of the nomads of Lali County in Yaylak and Kishlak.Methodology: This applied study employed a descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population consisted of the nomads of Lali County. The sample size, calculated using Cochran's formula, included 322 individuals. The research theoretical data was collected using the library technique through existing books and articles, and the field data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, mode, median) and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test) were employed to analyze the data.Geographical area of research: The research covers the Yaylak and Kishlak nomadic areas of Lali County.Results and discussion: The results of the one-sample t-test show that the average value obtained from the economic index in Kiskhlak and Yaylak regions is 1.88 and 1.49, respectively; the social indicator in Kishlak is 2.43, and in Yaylak is 2.16; physical indicator in Kiskhlak is 1.99 and in Yaylak is 2.20; environmental indicator in Kishlak is 2.07 and in Yaylak is 1.98, which are lower than the hypothetical mean value 3. It indicates that the mentioned indicators did not have a positive effect on the quality of life of the Bakhtiari nomads of Lali County.Conclusion: Nomadic life is one of the oldest lifestyles in different regions of the world and Iran; its continuity throughout history has experienced various ups and downs under the influence of economic, social, natural, and primarily political issues to the extent that sometimes the developments of this society have brought a turning point in the developments of Iran. Accordingly, presenting plans and programs regarding nomads requires deep scientific research and studies to provide appropriate strategies that cause minor damage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Analysis of strategies for adaptation of local communities to the effects of 120-day winds in Sistan (Case study: villages of Nehbandan county)
Tahereh Sadeghloo sakineh arab

Introduction: Today, due to the increase in the potential of natural hazards to cause major social, economic and environmental damage, as well as the intensification of climate change, adaptation and coexistence with hazards has become a guiding principle for reducing i More

Introduction: Today, due to the increase in the potential of natural hazards to cause major social, economic and environmental damage, as well as the intensification of climate change, adaptation and coexistence with hazards has become a guiding principle for reducing its damage, preparation, response and recovery throughout the world.Creating compatibility and adaptation with natural phenomena and hazards and coexisting with them as one of the ways to deal with and manage their adverse effects as well as using the positive potentials of these phenomena are important strategies in hazard management.Some of the natural processes in integration and engagement with other events and behavioral patterns of communities become more risky than the sustainability and survival of communities depend on management and the proper response to them. The 120 - day northeast winds of the country are the natural processes that have persisted long. climate change and drought due to it have fueled the effects of 120 - day winds on different aspects of local communities.Methodology: the aim of this study : the present study examined the effects of these winds in 10 villages of Nehbandan county and also the analysis of the most important actions of 187 families from residents in the region to cope with these effects .Geographical area of research: villages of Nehbandan County Results and discussion: to determine the most important effects and measures of villagers for adaptation, first half structured interview with a number of experts and experts involved in the issue has been made and after analyzing the interviews, indexes and variables are extracted and the basis of designing a structured questionnaire is used to evaluate the effects and actions of local communities.Conclusion: the results indicate that the most impacts on environmental dimension ( 88 / 88 ) and the most important measures to deal with social - cultural dimension ( 47 ) have been done .keywords: local communities, risk management, 120 - day winds, adaptability, Nehbandan county. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Examination the Level of Realization of Indicators smartness in Urmia city
Saber Mohammadpoor Mohammad Shali sajajd nikouei Behrouz mohammad Reza pour

Owing to the ever-increasing growth of urban communities, city officials and managers are increasingly under pressure in meeting the needs of the said communities. Many countries are seeking to develop smart cities as a result of the wide range urbanization-related chal More

Owing to the ever-increasing growth of urban communities, city officials and managers are increasingly under pressure in meeting the needs of the said communities. Many countries are seeking to develop smart cities as a result of the wide range urbanization-related challenges such as dealing with increasing population growth, heightened levels of air pollution and the imminent threats of global warming. The notion of smart city as a means to promote the quality of life of citizens has been placed on the agenda of urban policy makers. Today, information and communication technology is key to the alleviation of urban, especially services related to the needs of citizens, such as management, education, health, housing, transportation, and security, with the ultimate aim of offering more integrated, smarter, and more efficient services. In Iran, the hurried and uneven physical-spatial development of cities in the last few decades has resulted in adverse social, economic and physical consequences. A smart city is a notion that has sprung to life as a result of the ever-increasing expansion of information technology in the city, one that functions to serve the new needs of citizens in their urban life, with the hopes of solving many problems faced by third world cities. Therefore, the authors here have sought to understand the status of smart city indicators in the metropolis of Urmia by using quantitative techniques and evaluating the degree by which the indicators of smart city have been realized. Today, in line with standardizing the strategies for sustainable urban development, the notion of the smart city has proven to be the paramount strategy in response the increasing challenges caused by the rapid expansion of urbanization, the increase in the volume and number of urban trips, and the formation of a plethora of environmental issues, which has also garnered a great deal of academic interest as a major catalyst to sustainable urban development. Optimal application of urban spaces, development of efficient public transportation, deployment of pedestrian and bicycle routes, promotion of reduced fuel consumption are deemed to be among the basic strategies for attaining a smart city. Given the aforementioned discussion, the authors sought to evaluate and rank the indicators of the smart city in Urmia city. The findings of the research show that the indicated of smart citizen, smart economy, smart life, smart governance, and smart movement . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Desirability assessment of factors affecting the feeling of security in historical contexts and providing appropriate solutions (Case study: Zartoshtian neighborhood of Kerman city)
Zahra Rezaei Estabragh Hossein Zabihi Reza Ahmadian

Introduction: The historical fabric of the cities are part of the national and cultural capital of the country, which are valuable not only in terms of aesthetics, continuity of collective memories and giving identity to our cities, The purpose of the research: The main More

Introduction: The historical fabric of the cities are part of the national and cultural capital of the country, which are valuable not only in terms of aesthetics, continuity of collective memories and giving identity to our cities, The purpose of the research: The main purpose of the present research is to investigate the explanation of factors affecting the improvement of security in the historical context of Zartoshtian neighborhood of Kerman.Research methodology: This research is part of applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of method. The data was collected through a questionnaire with four main indicators and 23 items through the review of valid research documents, and the sample size was calculated as 120 people based on Cochran's formula. To analyze the findings from field studies, sample t-test and factor analysis methods were used in ssps software.The geographical scope of the research: The Zartoshtian neighborhood in Kerman is the study center of the current research, which is the central part of the city, which is the old context, is located in the west of this city.Findings and discussion: The results obtained from the t-test show that the highest general satisfaction from the citizens is related to the monitoring component with an average of 3.53. Also, the access component has the least satisfaction with a total average score of 2.99 (below the average of 3); In the other two components of the research, physical-spatial and social-behavioral, average ratings were also obtained and the average of these components was 3.08 and 3.35, respectively. Also, in this research, four factors with eigenvalues higher than one were extracted, the first factor with an eigenvalue of 4.827, alone includes 21% of the variance of the variables and has the most impact among the four effective factors. After that, the second factor with a specific value of 3.361 and 15% of the variance, the third factor with a specific value of 2.668 and 11% of the variance, and the fourth factor with a value of 1.923 and 8.360% of the total variance.Results: In general, according to the results obtained, we find that the public spaces of Zartoshtian neighborhood do not have a high level of security; Therefore in this research, by providing solutions and suggestions, we can provide the necessary background and platform to establish and improve security in the historical context of Zartoshtian neighborhood. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Explaining the relationship between the most important criteria of spatial planning and urban identity in new and historical neighborhoods with the multiple regression model method (case example: historical and new neighborhoods of Qazvin city)
Mahsa Karimi manouchehr tabibian masoud elahi

The purpose of the research: The main goal is to evaluate the role of spatial planning in strengthening the urban identity and it is followed by examining the relationship between the most important criteria of spatial planning as an independent variable and urban ident More

The purpose of the research: The main goal is to evaluate the role of spatial planning in strengthening the urban identity and it is followed by examining the relationship between the most important criteria of spatial planning as an independent variable and urban identity as a dependent variable.Research methodology: The current research has a descriptive-analytical method. First, 76 components were identified through content analysis, and then a questionnaire of experts was prepared using the Delphi method and went back and forth in three rounds. Finally, 21 components were left, which were used to prepare a questionnaire for citizens in historical and new neighborhoods. The evaluation of these components was distributed to 364 people in historical neighborhoods and 351 people in new neighborhoods with a questionnaire attached to five-point Likert scales. Data analysis was done using multiple regression model in SPSS software.The geographical scope of the research: the neighborhoods of Melkabad, Qazvin, as an example of the historical context, and Mulla Sadra, as an example of the new context, are the geographical scope of this research, which are respectively 23.5 and 51.5 hectares of area and 4156 and 7254 people. have a populationFindings and discussion: Among the identified components, 21 components (criteria) in five managerial, spatial-physical, economic, social-cultural and environmental groups were finally selected as independent variables. The dependent variable was also urban identity. For the research components, 21, 12, 16, 15 and 12 substandards were identified respectively. It was found that there is a direct relationship between the independent and dependent variables of the research. Also, in the new context, the relationship between physical planning and the sense of local identity and the relationship between socio-cultural planning and the sense of local identity is stronger than in the old context.Results: In the historical context, there are problems such as not paying attention to the physical, economic, and socio-cultural dimensions that play an essential role in urban identity. Spatial planning in the new neighborhoods, which was planned in advance, has not been able to create an urban identity, and the residents are facing social, identity and cultural problems. In order to improve the status of the identity of Qazvin neighborhoods, it is necessary to pay attention to the proposed solutions and proposals with the will of city managers and the participation of citizens. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Zoning of the vulnerability of Ilam city against flood risk
Syed Jahangir Musavi Nasab abbas malek hoseini Majid shams

Introduction: Floods are one of the hazards that have always had the possibility of occurring as a natural hazard for humans. Also, due to the increase in the occurrence of floods, especially in cities, and the occurrence of life, financial and environmental risks due t More

Introduction: Floods are one of the hazards that have always had the possibility of occurring as a natural hazard for humans. Also, due to the increase in the occurrence of floods, especially in cities, and the occurrence of life, financial and environmental risks due to its increase, the zoning of flood-prone areas is of great importance. Flood zoning is one of the best methods for planning and identifying areas affected by floods. Research aim: The main goal of the current research, while identifying effective variables in flood risk zoning; Zoning is the degree of vulnerability of Ilam city against flood risk.Methodology: The approach of the current research was descriptive-analytical. In this research, at first, the influencing variables on flood vulnerability zoning have been identified based on various studies, then by using the AHP method and the opinions of 73 experts and weight experts related to each of the variables in the Export Choice software and finally, using the FAHP method and in the GIS software, maps related to the zoning of Ilam city's vulnerability to flood risk has been drawn.Studied Areas: The geographical territory of this research is Ilam city, the capital of Ilam province; which is located in the west and southwest of the country in terms of geographical location.Results: In the zoning of Ilam city's vulnerability to floods, out of 11 variables examined, 3 variables are distance from waterways with a weight of 0/244; The distance from the river with a weight of 0/126 and the slope direction with a weight of 1/102 are the most important variables and play a key role in zoning the vulnerability of Ilam city against floods. Also, a large area of Ilam city (1687 hectares) has a high potential of being vulnerable to flood risk, which is caused by the special topographical and geological conditions of this area.Conclusion: Examining the zoning status of flood risk vulnerability in Ilam city shows that the northwest, west, southwest and south parts of Ilam city are in a less vulnerable state than other areas of Ilam city. Also, most of the central, eastern, and northeastern parts of Ilam are in a state of high vulnerability. In the following, suggestions have been made to reduce the vulnerability of Ilam city against floods Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Evaluation of local management in rural areas of west and southwest of Guilan province
mahmod qasemnejad, nasrollah molaeihashjin , mohammad baset qoraishi eisa pourramzan

Rural management is a set of information and skills and an essential element of policy-making, planning and implementation of rural development programs and is one of the main axes in the analysis of rural issues. Local management with the nature of central management, More

Rural management is a set of information and skills and an essential element of policy-making, planning and implementation of rural development programs and is one of the main axes in the analysis of rural issues. Local management with the nature of central management, organized form, subject to central government is one of the manifestations of rural management which is very important due to its considerable decision-making power. For this reason, the present study has studied the subject with the aim of evaluating local management and descriptive-analytical method in rural areas of west and southwest of Guilan province (7 cities). The statistical population of this study included governors, districts, govermente experts, district experts, housing foundation experts, agricultural jihad experts, provincial rural affairs expert, villagers and members of the Islamic Council (156 respondents) and the data collection tool was a questionnaire and regression analysis is used to analyze the data. First, using Delphi technique, three components of knowledge and attitude, rules and regulations and local indicators (including 54 variables) were selected and have been assessed from the local community to evaluate the issue. Then, with the help of regression analysis, it was found that these three components have affected local management. Also, the high and low positive limits obtained from the single-sample t-test, it can be claimed that all three indicators are in good condition. According to T-statistics, local index, knowledge and attitude, and then rules and regulations had the most to the least impact on local management in the study area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Analyzing the limits of optimal urban governance and providing practical strategies (case study: Hamadan city)
sadegh hasani parvane ziviyar mohsen ranjbar

IntroductionAs one of the new megacities of the country, Hamedan faces wide challenges in the urban management process. Mismanagement in providing services among urban areas, lack of spatial justice, physical-spatial heterogeneity, lack of transparency in providing plan More

IntroductionAs one of the new megacities of the country, Hamedan faces wide challenges in the urban management process. Mismanagement in providing services among urban areas, lack of spatial justice, physical-spatial heterogeneity, lack of transparency in providing plans and programs, and increasing citizen problems in connection with this area have caused the problems of Hamadan city to increase. So that the continuation of the current process can face the city with serious crises at different levels, in this context, it seems necessary to address the challenges and limitations of urban governance.MethodologyThe current research, with a descriptive-analytical method and in terms of practical and developmental goals, explains the challenges and limitations of desirable urban governance and presents practical strategies. The statistical community of the current research is made up of all the expert and excellent experts of Hamedan city management group, whose sample size was estimated to be 35 people.Geographical area of researchThe geographical area of this research is the city of Hamadan.Results and discussionThe analysis of the research findings was processed based on the mean test models in SPSS software and the SWOT strategy presentation model.ConclusionThe results indicate that the main challenges of desirable urban governance in Hamedan city include participatory factors, effectiveness and efficiency, and corruptive factors. The "SO Strategy" was identified as the most important strategy for desirable urban governance in Hamedan city. The main opportunities for Hamedan city in utilizing desirable governance strategies include changing the municipality's approach from a service-oriented institution to a social institution, adopting and promoting innovative technologies in municipal services across different areas of the city, emphasizing Hamedan's significance as a major city with a historical and touristic background, and conducting training programs to honor local authorities in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Analysis of the effect of environmentalist behaviors on individual-social well-being through the mediation of place attachment in Sorkhab neighborhood of Tabriz
Ali Zeynali Azim Bahram Mohammadian Mahdi Pourakbar Pooya Gholizadeh Lida Akhlaghi

Introduction: Environmental problems and challenges are one of the major concerns of today's society. Most of these challenges are caused by human behavior, which can be overcome by changing their attitude and behavior and making them aware of the consequences of these More

Introduction: Environmental problems and challenges are one of the major concerns of today's society. Most of these challenges are caused by human behavior, which can be overcome by changing their attitude and behavior and making them aware of the consequences of these problems. Some of the most important environmental behaviors have many personal, social, and environmental benefits, and improving them affects attachment to a place. Involvement in environmental behaviors makes residents to do something good for themselves, for their community, and for the place they live in, and this type of behavior increases their level of well-being and attachment to their place. give.Research aim: This research analyzes the effect of environmentalist behaviors on individual-social well-being through the mediation of place attachment in Sorkhab neighborhood of Tabriz.Methodology: The current research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research is the residents of Sorkhab neighborhood, which was 373 people based on Cochran's formula. Structural equation method with Amos and Spss software was used for data analysis.Studied Areas: The geographical scope of this research is Surkhab neighborhood of Tabriz city.Results: Structural equation analysis indicated a direct positive effect of environmentalist behavior on individual-social well-being and also attachment to place. Attachment to the place was to some extent the relationship between environmentalist behaviors and individual-social well-being. This research is significant and important in that it provides new data on how pro-environmental behaviors increase individual and social well-being by potentially ensuring long-term benefits.Conclusion: As a result of this research, it was shown that stimulating, arousing and recommending this type of behavior is important. Manuscript profile

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