List of Articles smoking

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  1 - Semi-analytical ‎M‎ethod to Solve the Non-linear System of Equations to Model of Evolution for Smoking Habit in ‎Spain
  S. Noeiaghdam K. Kamal Ali
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  2 - Comparison of psychological symptoms in smokers,non-smokers and smokers referring for cessation
  اشرف سادات موسوی فاطمه متین خواه فاطمه عاصف
  The aim of this study was to compare the psychological symptoms in three groups of smokers, smokers self referred for cessation, and non-smokers. Method of research was ex post facto and the statistical population was three groups of smokers, self referred smokers for c More

  The aim of this study was to compare the psychological symptoms in three groups of smokers, smokers self referred for cessation, and non-smokers. Method of research was ex post facto and the statistical population was three groups of smokers, self referred smokers for cessation and non-smokers in Tehran city, among them 46 smokers, 50 self referred smokers for cessation and 50 non-smokers were selected through convenience sampling. The research instrument was Hopkins Symptom Checklist (Derogatis et al, 1974). Data were analyzed through multivariate covariance analysis and scheffe’s post hoc test. Results showed that there is a significant difference among three groups in somatization and anxiety (P < 0.05). The results of scheffe analyses showed that there is a difference between self referred smokers for cessation and non-smokers in somatization (P < 0.05) and between smokers and non-smokers in somatization (P < 0.01) and anxiety (P < 0.05). Manuscript profile
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  3 - Jurisprudential and legal review of the role of customs in the consumption of intoxicants (see article 264 of the Islamic Penal Code)
  meysam mosazadeh Kiyomars Kalantari Asghar Abbasi Ali ghorbani
  10.22034/ijrj.2022.697884
  One of the crimes that is common among Islamic jurists is drinking alcohol, and the explicit text of the Qur'an indicates this ruling, but the issue that is always disputed among general and special jurists is what the examples of drinking alcohol are and what causes th More

  One of the crimes that is common among Islamic jurists is drinking alcohol, and the explicit text of the Qur'an indicates this ruling, but the issue that is always disputed among general and special jurists is what the examples of drinking alcohol are and what causes the Hadd is committed? Among the types of intoxicants, which cases cause drinking alcohol? According to the new materials that destroy the wisdom, what is the criterion for distinguishing intoxicants from the point of view of customs? Does the method of use also have an effect on the implementation or non-implementation of the Hadd? Is it customary to commit this crime only through drinking, or does the use of other means also prove this extent? Considering that the new Islamic Penal Code adopted in 1392 in Article 264 introduces new examples of the method of use such as smoking and injection; and being silent on the other hand, about the examples of intoxication, jurisprudential and legal study of the role of custom in identifying examples and methods of intoxication is essential. The conclusion of the research is that; firstly, there is no difference between solid and liquid intoxicants, and secondly, the use of artificial intoxicants causes a limit whether it causes intoxication or not. And third, in unconventional ways of consuming intoxicants, custom is the basis Manuscript profile
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  4 - Effect of warm-smoking on total microbial count of meat products
  افشین Javadi حمید Mirzaii پیام Pashak
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;The frankfurters are amongst the most famous and popular sausages in the world and beef and poultry meat are used in Iran for their preparation. The techniques of warm smoking at 42&deg;c for two hours and then hot smoking together with steam cooking More

  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;The frankfurters are amongst the most famous and popular sausages in the world and beef and poultry meat are used in Iran for their preparation. The techniques of warm smoking at 42&deg;c for two hours and then hot smoking together with steam cooking at 8&deg;c for one hour are utilized in proportion of this product. In spite of its carcinogenic properties, smoke is used to create color, flavor and odor and to improve the preservative qualities of sausages. In this study, 14 sausage samples were taken from each of the stages of frankfurter production line including pre-smoking, post- warm smoking and post-hot smoking, their total microbial counts (aerobic mesophiles) determined and the means of the three stages compared using the ANOVA statistical test. The results indicated that the total microbial count increased significantly (P&lt;0.05) during warm smoking compared to the pre-smoking stage and a subsequent significant decrease (P&lt;0.05) was observed during the hot smoking stage but there was no significant difference after the hot smoking stage in comparison to the pre smoking stage. Although there are antimicrobial compounds in smoke, it seems that these compounds are not absorbed by the product during warm smoking at 42&deg;c which is the optimum temperature for microbial growth and therefore the total microbial count increases during this stage but hot smoking at 80&deg;c decreases the total microbial count. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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  5 - The effects of passive inhalation of cigarette smoke on serum lipid profile in the rat
  جعفر Rahmani Kahnamoei
  Passive cigarette smoke contains five times more carbon monoxide and six times more nicotine compared to the main smoke because cigarette filter has a protective role for smokers. Cigarette smoke contains a range of oxidants and free radicals that can directly or indire More

  Passive cigarette smoke contains five times more carbon monoxide and six times more nicotine compared to the main smoke because cigarette filter has a protective role for smokers. Cigarette smoke contains a range of oxidants and free radicals that can directly or indirectly induce oxidative stress in the body. Adding some aromatic ingredients to cigarette may play an important role in increasing damage and free radicals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of passive inhalation of cigarette smoke on serum lipid profile in rats. For this purpose, 16 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups of eight rats, control and treatment. There was no intervention in the control group, but treatment group was exposed to a cigarette passive smoke on a daily basis for a month. After a month, the rat tail vein blood samples were taken and after separation of the sera, serum lipid profiles, including triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL was measured and the results were statistically analyzed using t-test. There was a significant (p&lt;0.01) difference between the two groups regarding the serum levels of LDL but no other significant differences were observed. The results showed that cigarette smoke causes an increase in serum LDL, which is considered one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Manuscript profile
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  6 - The relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward smoking among university students in Yazd
  سید علیرضا افشانی یاسین خرم پور سجاد ممبینی
  Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward smoking among students of Yazd University. Method: Themethod of this research was Descriptive- Survey method. 372 Yazd University studentshave been studied by Str More

  Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward smoking among students of Yazd University. Method: Themethod of this research was Descriptive- Survey method. 372 Yazd University studentshave been studied by Stratified sampling method. In order to collect data, was used a standardized questionnaire religiosity (Gluck and Stark, 1965) and a questionnaire to attitudes toward smoking. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Between rate and dimensions of religiosity with attitudes attitudes toward smoking, were a significantly and inversely relationship. Conclusions: Someone who has a higher level of religiosity, his life is more meaningful, therefore likelihood of cigarette smoking is less. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Validating the scale measuring attitude toward smoking among students
  Gholam Reza Rajabi Zahra Naderi
  In order to validate the Attitudes towards Smoking Scale
           Chamran University and Islamic Azad University, Arsenjan branch, participated in this study. Data were indicative of a high level of Internal Consistency of the ASS. More

  In order to validate the Attitudes towards Smoking Scale
           Chamran University and Islamic Azad University, Arsenjan branch, participated in this study. Data were indicative of a high level of Internal Consistency of the ASS. All the items of the scale were significantly correlated with the total score of  
         Principal Components Analysis (Varimax Rotation) resulted in              !"  #  $          %&amp; "  the variance. This research showed that for measuring people&rsquo;s attitudes toward smoking, researchers can rely on ASS. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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  8 - Predicting the tendency to smoke based on alexithymia mediated by risk perception
  Fatemeh Zarei afsane taheri Nastaran Sharifi
  10.30495/hpsbjourna.2022.1959776.1096
  AbstractSmoking is one of the serious health threats and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This study aimed to predict the tendency to smoke based on alexithymia mediated by risk perception. The method of this study was descriptive and correlational. The stu More

  AbstractSmoking is one of the serious health threats and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This study aimed to predict the tendency to smoke based on alexithymia mediated by risk perception. The method of this study was descriptive and correlational. The study's statistical population included all employees of Tehran Municipality in 2019, from which 215 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling to participate in the study. The data collection tool included a questionnaire on the tendency to smoke salty cigarettes, Rajabi (2006) reported a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.83. Also, from the forum's high-risk events cognitive evaluation questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.78) (Baheiraei et al., 2012). And Taylor et al.'s emotional non-verbal questionnaire (1991) was used with its retest reliability ranging from r=0.80 to r=0.87 (Besharat, 2007).. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-25 and Amos-22 and structural equations. According to the results, the proposed model for predicting smoking tendency based on alexithymia mediated by risk perception had a good fit. Risk perception played a minor mediating role in the relationship between alexithymia and smoking tendency. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to reduce the tendency to smoke by helping people overcome alexithymia and increase their perception of risk.Keywords: Alexithymia, Perception of danger, Smoking Manuscript profile
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  9 - Cardiovascular Disease risk Factors in Male Cigarette Smokers in Calabar, Southern Nigeria
  Iya Eze Bassey Uwem Okon Akpan Ifeyinwa Maryann Okafor Imeobong Joseph Inyang Oko Eze
  10.22034/jchr.2020.1869928.1032
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  10 - A Cytometric Analysis in Circulating Blood Lymphocytes of Water pipe Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers by Cytokinesis-block Micronucleus Technique: A Genomic Health Study on Apparent Healthy Premenopausal Women in Tehran
  Negar  Bahrami Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli Ramin  Abrashami Aziz  Mahmoudzadeh Masoumeh  Heshmati
  10.22034/JCHR.2024.1087903
  According to the association between increased micronuclei (MNi) level in reproductive age women and increased risk of congenital abnormalities, we aimed in this study to find the contribution of WTS to women's health in apparently healthy young cases by comparing the v More

  According to the association between increased micronuclei (MNi) level in reproductive age women and increased risk of congenital abnormalities, we aimed in this study to find the contribution of WTS to women's health in apparently healthy young cases by comparing the variability of MN values in water pipe smokers and non-smokers. Finding the associations between MNi levels and demographic, socioeconomic, reproductive, and lifestyle factors was the secondary scope of this study. This cross-sectional case-control study was performed on 30 premenopausal women (15 cases and 15 controls) who lived in Tehran, according to our inclusion criteria. The mean MN frequency among waterpipe smokers was 28.53± 7.462, whereas the same parameter in the control group was 6.53 + 3.24 (p= 0.001). Non-parametric tests revealed a significant association between MNi and frequency of waterpipe smoking (p = 0.001), age of starting waterpipe smoking (p = 0.003), concurrent use of alcoholic drinks (p= 0.004), and secondhand smoking (p =0.001). In the context of heavy environmental pollution in Tehran, significantly higher MNi frequencies and decreased genomic health in waterpipe smoker women in reproductive age may predispose them to an increased risk of harmful reproductive outcomes. These findings emerge from governmental and non-governmental biomonitoring programs in high-risk women to concern more on unhealthy lifestyles and environmental pollution. Manuscript profile
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  11 - بررسی تاثیر سیگار بر آکنه در مردان
  Farzaneh Delgoshaei Farzaneh Maleki Masume Toosi saad Abad
  Background: Acne is a high prevalent disease and is also effective on social function of persons; therefore research about this disease and subjects around would be helpful for sure. In recent decades, researchers intended to investigate the relation between cigarette a More

  Background: Acne is a high prevalent disease and is also effective on social function of persons; therefore research about this disease and subjects around would be helpful for sure. In recent decades, researchers intended to investigate the relation between cigarette and different diseases. However, the investigations are limited and contradictory. Inconsequence, we are intended to research about this relation in case control study, in order to eliminate more extraneous variable than what have been done in previous researches. &nbsp;&nbsp; Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the relation between acne and cigarette smoking in a case control study. &nbsp; Method: In a case control study, 377 men, aged 15-40 years, were studied. 125 men with acne and 252 men without acne are completed a questionnaire which asked from duration of acne , age of onset of acne , familial history of acne , smoking habits , duration of smoking , daily cigarette consumption and etc. smoking was defined as smoking more than 3 cigarettes daily . &nbsp; Results: The highest range of age for acne distribution was 20-25 years. (P-Value: 0/001)Face was the most sight of acne (58/4%) and moderate grade acne in 58/4% of cases was reported. The mean reported age at onset was 15/5years. Familial history was present in 56% of acne patients. 38 male from 125 acne patients (30/4%) and 65 male from 252 non acne cases (25/8%) are smokers but there was not a relation between acne and cigarette smoking (Odds Ratio:2, P-Value: 0/345) There was not a relation between severity of acne and cigarette smoking (P-Value: 0/65). In additional, there was not reported any relation between sight of acne and severity of acne. (P-Value: 0/95) &nbsp; Conclusion: An association between acne and cigarette smoking was not found in this study. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile