phytochemicals

Silene weed plant (Silene conoidea. L) is a medicinal and edible plant from the Caryophyllacea family. The medicinal properties of this species are mostly attributed to its phenolic chemical compounds. This plant in traditional and modern medicine, used for treatment of More

Silene weed plant (Silene conoidea. L) is a medicinal and edible plant from the Caryophyllacea family. The medicinal properties of this species are mostly attributed to its phenolic chemical compounds. This plant in traditional and modern medicine, used for treatment of skin infections, and blood coagulation which its medicinal properties are attributed to phenolic compounds. In this research, flower, stem, leaf and root of S. conoidea collected from Sabzevar in Spring 2022, the chemical compositions of chloroform and dichloromethane fractions were reported by GC-MS. In order to preparation of fractions for all the organs under the same conditions, petroleum ether was used for defatting, and chloroform and dichloromethane were used to extract the effective phytochemicals by maceration method. Analysis GC-MS of chloroform fractions showed that terpene derivatives, phenolic derivatives, hydrocarbons, fatty acids, heterocyclic derivatives, phenylpropanes, silane derivatives and steroids are the main constituent compounds in all organs. Hydrocarbon derivatives (69.16%) in flower, terpene derivatives (40.46%) in stem and fatty acid derivatives (40.46% and 63.98%) respectively in leaf and root are the most constituent compounds in chloroform fractions. Also, the analysis GC-MS of dichloromethane fractions showed that terpene derivatives (47.62% and 40.53%) in leaf and stem and silane derivatives (52.70%) in root are the most constituent compounds, respectively. The properties of solvents play an important role in determining the extraction of phytochemical compounds with unique biological properties. In general, the results of this research show that the non-polar extract of chloroform and the stem of plant have valuable effective substances, especially terpene compounds for medicinal purposes. These results suggested that other genetic resources of S. conoidea can be further explored to screen high bioactive compounds and purification of phytochemical compounds, which are valuable to produce, expand, and develop natural antioxidants in production of bio-medicine and food. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - بررسی خصوصیات فیتوشیمیایی، محتوا و فعالیت های آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره اتانولی برگ های Spermacoce radiata و Hypselodelphys poggeana در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
رابرت اوروکو چیندو آگووامبا چینومسو آرون پوئل نیوجی-آنیالوو مرسیلین اوچه

10.30495/medherb.2022.698466

Background & Aim: Oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation, damages various macromolecules, tissues and organs, and is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Antioxidant supplementation could help scavenge free radicals and prevent oxidative stress. Thi More

Background & Aim: Oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation, damages various macromolecules, tissues and organs, and is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Antioxidant supplementation could help scavenge free radicals and prevent oxidative stress. This study evaluated the phytochemicals, antioxidant compositions and in vitro antioxidant activities of a combined extract of Spermacoce radiata and Hypselodelphy spoggeana leaves (CEESH).Experimental: This study determined phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins contained in CEESH. The in vitro antioxidant activities of CEESH comprising DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), nitric oxide, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were assayed.Results: The phytochemical results indicated substantial amounts of total phenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids, along with moderate amounts of tannins, flavonoids, and steroids in CEESH with a low glycoside concentration, but saponin was not detected. The plant extract also showed substantial concentrations of vitamins A, C, and E.The DPPH, nitric oxide, FRAP, TAC and TBARS for the CEESH indicated that the extract has substantial free radical scavenging activities. The CEESH demonstrated a dose-dependent significant increase in the nitric oxide, TAC, and TBARS scavenging activities, while the CEESH showed dose-dependent marked increase in FRAP within a concentration range of 40–640 µg/mL. The half-optimal effective concentration (EC50) values of the CEESH for DPPH, nitric oxide, and TBARS were 7.23, 39.40, and 63.41 µg/mL, respectively.Recommended applications/industries: These findings suggest that CEESH contains abundant phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins and possesses high free radical scavenging potential. Therefore, CEESH could be a viable therapeutic agent for managing oxidative stress. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - فعالیت ضد باکتریایی و ترکیبات شیمیایی برگ های Bombax glabrum (Pasq.) A. Robyns
اولوفونمی وسو پل اوگانباموو ساموئل بانکول اولامیلکان آتدو روفیات ائیدیران

10.30495/medherb.2021.684238

Background & Aim:Bombax glabrum is used in traditional medicine for the relief of general pain and digestive problems. The aim of this study was to establish the antibacterial activity, to characterize and identify the bioactive compounds in the leaves of the plant. More

Background & Aim:Bombax glabrum is used in traditional medicine for the relief of general pain and digestive problems. The aim of this study was to establish the antibacterial activity, to characterize and identify the bioactive compounds in the leaves of the plant. Experimental: The powdered leave samples were sequentially extracted with n-hexane and chloroform using a soxhlet apparatus. Phytochemical screening was done using standard analytical procedures and the antibacterial activity of both extracts was tested against Bacillus subtills, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia using modified agar disc diffusion method. The chloroform extract was subjected to column chromatography separation in combination with TLC. Contact autobiography was carried out on two active spot(s) while purified fractions of these spots were analyzed using GC-MS. Results: Phytochemical screening shows the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and sterols. The plant has inhibitory activity against S. aureus and E. coli; while the GC-MS of two active spots of the chloroform extract (with Rf of 0.60 and 0.82) yielded 12 and 17 compounds for band C3 and C5, respectively, which were active against S. aureus only. Most abundant compounds are bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (34.54) and 2-pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl (41.81 %), respectively. Recommended applications/industries: The presence of bioactive compounds could account for the plant’s inhibitory action against S. aureus and E. coli which may justify its use in managing infections Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - روند تغییرات روزانه ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی برگهای Azadirchta indica
پاول اگونبامو الامیلکان اوتدو

Background & Aim:Medicinal plants have been of immense therapeutic values to many communities, some traditional folklore places emphasis on collecting plants during the day for medicinal purpose. This study examined the effect of collection time on the phytochemical More

Background & Aim:Medicinal plants have been of immense therapeutic values to many communities, some traditional folklore places emphasis on collecting plants during the day for medicinal purpose. This study examined the effect of collection time on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Azadirachta indica leaves. Experimental: Leaves samples were collected at six hour intervals between 6AM to 6PM, phytochemical quantification was done using standard methods; antioxidant assays were done after ethanol extraction via reducing power and nitric oxide scavenging assay (NO). Results: Saponin concentration ranged from 1.08-1.24%, Tannin 0.22-0.31%, Steroid 0.08-0.14%, Glycoside 0.090-0.104%, Alkaloids 3.88-4.27%, Flavonoids 0.050-0.080% and 1.16-1.32% for Phenolics in the leaves of A. indica collected at different time of the day. The effect of time of sample collection on the phytochemical constituents shows that phytochemicals such as saponin, tannin, glycoside, alkaloids and phenolics are significantly (p<0.05) more concentrated in the leaves in the evening time (6PM) compared to other time period while steroid and flavonoid are also significantly more concentrated in the noon time (12PM). Reducing power assay shows that leave samples collected at 12PM exhibited the highest reducing power which is comparable with the samples collected at 6PM. The early morning samples showed the least reducing power while the standard antioxidant had higher reducing power than the three sample extracts. The highest percentage NO inhibition was observed in leave samples collected at 12PM (72.40%), but this is less than the ascorbic acid (standard antioxidant) which shows 84.47% inhibition. Analysis of the IC50 revealed that the afternoon sample (12PM) had the least value (23.29 μg/ml) thus, possessing better antioxidant capacity with respect to the NO scavenging; this is to a lower extent than the IC50 value (12.71 μg/ml) of the standard antioxidant. Recommended applications/industries: From the foregoing, variation exists in daytime concentrations of phytochemical in A. indica leaves which may impact on its pharmacological actions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - بررسی تجزیه فیتوشیمیایی، محتوای فنولی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره متانولی گیاه Caryopteris odorata D.Don.Robin
آرکانا جوشی آنیل پانت اَوم پراکاش مارکین استوکی والاری ایزیدور

Background & Aim:Caryopteris odorata is an aromatic shrub of family verbenaceae growing in tropical to subtropical regions. Various traditional applications of this plant have been documented guiding us to investigate the pharmacological activities and to further in More

Background & Aim:Caryopteris odorata is an aromatic shrub of family verbenaceae growing in tropical to subtropical regions. Various traditional applications of this plant have been documented guiding us to investigate the pharmacological activities and to further investigate the chemical composition. Experimental: Methanolic extract of aerial parts of Caryopteris odorata was investigated for antioxidant activity and the major phyto-constituents and total phenolic content were screened. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the scavenging activity using DPPH radical scavenging, NO radical scavenging, so radical scavenging activity, Metal chelating and reducing power assay. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined using agar well diffusion method against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. Sensitivity in terms of zones of inhibition and phytochemical composition of the extracts were also determined. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using albumin denaturation method. Diclofenec Sodium was used as a standard drug for the study of anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The results revealed that, methanolic extracts possess broad spectrum antibacterial activity against three microorganisms. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diterpenes carbohydrates, glycosides, sterols and triterpenoids, aliphatic acids , tocopherols and phenolics. The methenolic extract exhibit strong antioxidant activity (IC50 values for DPPH assay 164.60 ±0.37 mg/ml, for metal chelating 280.30 ± 3.28 mg/ml, for reducing assay 80.38 ± 0.79 mg/ml, respectively). The extract also showed in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the heat induced albumin denaturation with IC50 value as 497.22 ± 1.34 mg/ml, respectively. From the result, it is concluded that the C.odorata possess a rich amount of different class of compounds and further the phytochemicals present in the C.odorata extract may be responsible for the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Recommended applications/industries: The results obtained from various activities suggest Caryopteris odorata application as natural alternative antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial reagent. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - A comparative study on phytochemical potentials of Rubus loganobaccus L.
Saeede Ekbatan Hamadani Hossein Lari Yazdi Mohammad Hassan Asareh Sara Saadatmand

10.30495/ijpp.2020.672576

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Open Access Article

17 - Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of Bran and Grain in 10 Genotypes of Rice (Oryza Sativa L)
Mohammadreza Jafari Talobaghi Morteza Sam daliri Pouria Mazloum Valiollah Rameeh Morteza Moballeghi

10.30495/ijpp.2020.1912117.1258

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Open Access Article

18 - Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antioxidant Properties of Agastache foeniculum Essential Oil
Mohammad Hashemi Ali Ehsani Abbas Hassani Asma Afshari Majid Aminzare Toktam Sahranavard Zahra Azimzadeh

10.22034/jchr.2017.544170

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