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Open Access Article
1 - The relationship between Social Capital and Intellectual Capital with Sports Participation in Girl Students
omid safari gholamreza safari mahnaz shojaiyanSocial capital and Intellectual Capital are considered as one of the environmental determinants of the level of social cohesion and community health. Exercise has been considered by many scholars and researchers as one of the social concepts and with regard to its speci MoreSocial capital and Intellectual Capital are considered as one of the environmental determinants of the level of social cohesion and community health. Exercise has been considered by many scholars and researchers as one of the social concepts and with regard to its specific functions in different fields. The purpose of this study was to the relationship between Social Capital and Intellectual Capital with Sports Participation in Girl Students of Mamasani City (Secondary and Secondary Schools), in the academic year of 2017-2018. The nature of this research is descriptive survey research. Data collection was based on library and field studies. The data collection tool included the standard sports participation questionnaire Parsamher and Etal (2011), standard Intellectual Capital Bontis(2002) and the standard social capital questionnaire Nahapit and Ghasal (1998). The statistical population of the study consisted of all Boy high school students (first and second high school students) in Mamasani city, which is about 3491 Boy. Among them, 341 samples were randomly selected. The results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between social capital and Intellectual Capital with sport participation among high school Girl students in Mamasani. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigating the Role of School Climate in Predicting Social Competence of Girl High School Students in Dezful City in the School Year 2019-2020
Masoumeh Motlaq Nasim Tale`pour -
Open Access Article
3 - The effect of lifeskills and coping strategies with stress training on mental health of girl students
جواد خلعتبری فرشته عزیززاده حقیقیThe goal of this study was to compare the effect of life skills and coping strategies training on mental health of girl students. Method of research was experimental with three group pretest-posttest design , and statistical population was the girl students of Doctor MoreThe goal of this study was to compare the effect of life skills and coping strategies training on mental health of girl students. Method of research was experimental with three group pretest-posttest design , and statistical population was the girl students of Doctor Moeen professional technical school in Rasht.300 girl students were selected with the use of randam sampling ,and then after first administration of General Health Questionnaire, 45 persons with highest scores were selected and randomly assigned in three groups of fifteen (two exprimental groups and one control group). Assessment tool was General Health Questionnaire ( Goldberg & Hillier , 1979). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Findings indicated that lifeskills training (P < 0.01) and coping strategies training (P < 0.05) could significantly improve mental health of students. Also in compairing the effect of coping strategies and lifeskills training,it has been recognized that coping strategies had more effect than lifeskills training on depression of girl students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Relationship between Reliance on God and Other Approaches to Confronting Anxiety in High School Girl Students
ilnaz sajadiyan nahid akramiThe study is mainly mainly at exploring the relationship between reliance on God and other confronting approaches to anxiety in high school girl students. The methodology used in this study is of a descriptive-correlation nature and that the statistical population compr MoreThe study is mainly mainly at exploring the relationship between reliance on God and other confronting approaches to anxiety in high school girl students. The methodology used in this study is of a descriptive-correlation nature and that the statistical population comprises the public school students in Isfahan in the academic year 2004 - 2005. Upon using a randomized cluster sampling commensurate with the sample size, some 60 subjects were selected. Two questionnaires containing 98 questions completed by students in two and three districts. They included a self-assessment Spiberger anxiety questionnaire and confronting approaches in life made by Ghobary Banab in 2000. In order to analyze the data, such descriptive statistical indicators as frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation and such inferential tools as pearson Correlation Coefficient and one-way ANOVA test were used. The results of this study indicate that there is a relation between anxiety and certain confronting approaches. Also, one-way ANOVA analysis shows that there is a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0l) between the interventional pivot and conditional pivot in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Determining The Mediating Role of Moral Identity in the effect of Family Function on Moral Behavior in Female Students of hormozgan Univercity
Elham Kohiyanafzal Dehkordi kurosh mohammadi seyed abdolwahab amavisThe aim of study was to evaluate the moderating role of moral identity in the effect of family functioning on moral behavior. The research method was discriptive correlational. The statistical population was female students of Hormozgan University (2824) in the 2019 yea MoreThe aim of study was to evaluate the moderating role of moral identity in the effect of family functioning on moral behavior. The research method was discriptive correlational. The statistical population was female students of Hormozgan University (2824) in the 2019 year that 338 people were selected as sample using the Morgan table. Research participants completed the Questionnaire of Family functioning (Epstein, 1983), Moral Identity (Aquino and Reed, 2002), and Moral Behavior (Luzier, 1993). The subscales of FAD were Roles, Affective Responsiveness, Affective Involvement, General Functioning, Communication, Problem Solving and Behavior Control. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. analyses were performed using SPSS21 and Amos21 software. Findings showed there were significant relationships between problem solving, general functioning, affective involvement, roles & affective responsiveness to moral identity and roles, affective responsiveness and moral identity to moral behavior. there were significant relationships between roles and moral behavior mediated by moral identity and between affective responsiveness and moral behavior mediated by moral identity. it can be conclude, moral identity can influence the relationship between family function and moral behavior (p<0/01). family functioning components (affective responsiveness and roles) affected on moral identity and moral behavior, directly and indirectly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Surveying the Effect of Educational Applications of Information and Communication Technology on the Critical Thinking and Attitude of the First Grade High School Girl Students from District 4 in Tehran
roghayeh Agh arkakli nosh afarin safari hossein hafezi kan kowtThis study aims to survey the effect of the educational applications of information and communication technology on the critical thinking and attitude of the first grade high school girl students. The population includes all of the first grade girl high school students MoreThis study aims to survey the effect of the educational applications of information and communication technology on the critical thinking and attitude of the first grade high school girl students. The population includes all of the first grade girl high school students in district 4 of Tehran in the academic years 2008-2009. Sample size was 69, 35 of whom were from Hooshmand school of Shahid Dr. Sadeghi (experimental group) and 34 students from Hadaf school (control group), which were selected by the usage of convenient sampling. This study was performed through the quasi-experimental pre and post design and the control group. In contrast, the control group received no training. For data collection, California (form B) critical thinking and attitude towards information and communication technology questionnaire which has suitable To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were utilized with SPSS18. The findings show that information and communication technology has a significant effect on the critical thinking of the first grade high school girl students in aggregation and in detail, criteria such as analysis, evaluation and inference are effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Effectiveness of Mindfulness on Self esteem and Procrastination in Girl Students
Fahimeh Aghasi Hadi Farhadi Asghar AghaeiThe aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on academic procrastination and self esteem of ninth graders high school females in Isfahan in 95-96 academic year. Method: The research was of quasi- experimental type with pretest, p MoreThe aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on academic procrastination and self esteem of ninth graders high school females in Isfahan in 95-96 academic year. Method: The research was of quasi- experimental type with pretest, post -Test and control group. Population were consisted of all female ninth graders in Isfahan city. By using stratified cluster sampling method two district were randomly selected among six educational districts then two school from each district and two classrooms from each school were randomly selected. Data were collected by Solmomn and Rothblum Academic Procrastination (1984) and Cooper Smith Self esteem (1967) questionnaires. Questionnaires were given to all students.then 40 participants who had the highest scores on procrastination and the lowest scores on self esteem were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control group. 8 sessions of mindfulness training,were held with experimental group.Results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of experimental and control groups in any of the variables in post- test and follow up stage, indicating that mindfulness training program was effective to enhance self esteem and decrease academic procrastination in experimental group. Conclusion: it seems that mindfulness training and practices can influence people by increasing awareness of the present moment by techniques such as paying attention to breathing and body, awareness of here and now, information précising. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The effects of regular aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea in young girls
Roghayeh Moradpour -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effectiveness of Myths Storytelling with Role Playing on Moral Judgment and Self-efficacy in Girl Students
Mahtab Behmanesh Sahar SafarzadehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of myths storytelling with role playing on moral judgment and self-efficacy in elementary school girl students. The statistical population of the study included all elementary school girl students in Ahvaz d MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of myths storytelling with role playing on moral judgment and self-efficacy in elementary school girl students. The statistical population of the study included all elementary school girl students in Ahvaz during the academic year of 2019-2020. The sample subsumed 18 female students who were selected by purposive sampling procedure and randomly allocated in two experimental and control group; 9 participants each. This study was a semi-experimental design with "pre-test, post-test and control group". Dorganda Sinha & Miravarma Moral Judgment Test (1998) and Muris Children Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (2001) were implemented to collect data. The experimental group was exposed to 10 storytelling intervention sessions, 60 minutes each. The control group received none. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to analyzed data. The results showed that myths storytelling with role playing had significant impact on moral judgment and self-efficacy in elementary school girl students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Effectiveness of Social Skills Training on Shyness Reduction in Female Students
علی Yasinifarid مهدی Ghyasizadeh معصومه Nesarvand-BaratiThe aim of This research was to investigate the effectiveness of social skills training on shyness(and its components ) reducing in female students of Malakshahy city. The sample included 50 students in the elementary schools first and second grade of malekshahy city du MoreThe aim of This research was to investigate the effectiveness of social skills training on shyness(and its components ) reducing in female students of Malakshahy city. The sample included 50 students in the elementary schools first and second grade of malekshahy city during the academic year 1389-90. They were randomly selected by multi- stage cluster sampling and divided in two groups. Each group included 25 students. The study administrated experimental method (pretest and posttest with control group). The experimental group was exposed to social skills training during 10 sessions and every session was lasted 60minutes. Control group received none. Behavioral Check List Of Shyness was implemented as data source. In order to analysis the data, multivariable covariance (MANCOVA) and one way variances analysis (ANCOVA) were used. The results indicated that asocial skills training reduced shyness and its components in girls students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The prediction model of psychological well-being based on resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with mediate role of perceived stress
Farzaneh Hasanzadeh Namin Javid Peymani Tahereh Ranjbaripour Khadijeh Abolmaali AlhoseiniThis research aimed to investigate the prediction model of psychological well-being based on resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with mediate role of perceived stress. The study design was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population wa MoreThis research aimed to investigate the prediction model of psychological well-being based on resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with mediate role of perceived stress. The study design was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population was undergraduate girl students at the universities of Tehran in 2017-18 academic years which 382 people were selected as a sample by randomly multistage sampling method. The research instruments was the questionnaires of psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989), resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003), cognitive emotional regulation (Garnefski & et al, 2001) and perceived stress (Cohen & et al, 1983). The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling method. The findings showed that the variables of resilience and positive and negative cognitive emotional regulation strategies had a direct and indirect (with mediate perceived stress) effect on psychological well-being of girl students. The variable of perceived stress was the proper mediator between resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with psychological well-being of girl students and the model fitted well (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - investigate the role of mental health in students' creative behaviors
Masoomeh Parpanji Ali Delavar Noorali FarrokhiPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental health in students' creative behaviors. Method: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included al MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental health in students' creative behaviors. Method: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all students of girls' schools in Tehran during the academic year of 96-97. The sample consisted of 150 girl students from Tehran who were selected by cluster random sampling method. The instruments used were Goldberg General Health Questionnaire and Pediatric Creativity Questionnaire. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used. Results: The findings showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between mental health and creative behaviors. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that anxiety and insomnia among mental health components can predict -0.60 of variance of creative behaviors. Conclusion: According to research findings, one of the factors influencing the students' creative behaviors is their mental health Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effectiveness of Metacognitive Training on Creativity of Girl High School Students of Isfahan city
Ezzatolah Qadam Pour Saiedeh Sabzian Javad Assadollahi Houshang Gravand Background: Creativity or creation, is one of the most interesting and controversial topics In various scientific fields particularly of educational sciences and psychology. This phenomenon has been among the major powers of the human mind in each and every More Background: Creativity or creation, is one of the most interesting and controversial topics In various scientific fields particularly of educational sciences and psychology. This phenomenon has been among the major powers of the human mind in each and every era of history and has been considered as the main purpose of educational schools and training centers. Purpose: The goal of this study was an investigation into the effect of Metacognitive Training on Creativity of girl high school students of Isfahan city. Materials and methods: The study used a quasi-experimental method with pre-test - post-test and follow-up stages. The statistical population of the review were all high school girl students of the Isfahan in the 2012-2013 academic year of whom some 40 were randomly selected using cluster sampling method. Measurement instruments of the study were demographic questionnaire and test anxiety questionnaire( Spielberger 1980). After intervention the post -test was performed added with a follow up 4 months later. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of the experimental and control groups, there were significant differences in the level of creativity at post-test and follow-up (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that intervention based of metacognitive training was effective on creativity increase. Thus, the study suggests the use of metacognitive training in order to increase creativity in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Relationship between Achievement Goals and Educational Excitement and Educational Achievement in Eleventh Elementary School Students in Tehran
Tahereh Sadat Badri Yasamin AbediniPurpose: The purpose of present study was to examine the relationship between the achievement goals with educational emotions and academic achievement base girl students in Tehran. Methodology: The statistical population of this study was all 11th base girl studen MorePurpose: The purpose of present study was to examine the relationship between the achievement goals with educational emotions and academic achievement base girl students in Tehran. Methodology: The statistical population of this study was all 11th base girl students of high school in Tehran, which 300 students were selected by using random-cluster sampling method. The achievement goals questionnaire by Middleton & Midgley (1997), and the educational emotions Questionnaire by Pekrun (2017) were used to collect data, and the mean of students were used to measure academic achievement. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Findings: The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between achievement goals with educational emotions and academic achievement of students (p <0.01). The results of regression analysis also showed that the achievement goals were able to predict the educational emotions and academic achievement of these students (R= 0.156) and its contribution to explaining the variance of educational emotions and academic achievement was 2.4% (R2=0.024). Also, the results of the sub-hypothesis analysis of the research showed that there was a significant difference between the achievement goals between the students of the three discipline of mathematical, experimental and humanities. Educational emotions had also significant difference among the students of the three discipline of mathematical, experimental and humanities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Comparison of personality characteristics and emotional intelligence of female students based on blood groups
Maryam Sadat Kazemi Fereshteh Ghiasvandpurpose: Characteristic features are certain patterns of behavior and thinking patterns that determine how personality is adapted to the environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of one of the biological factors (blood type) in personality trait Morepurpose: Characteristic features are certain patterns of behavior and thinking patterns that determine how personality is adapted to the environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of one of the biological factors (blood type) in personality traits, emotional intelligence and academic motivation, in order to determine the factors and roots of human behavior. Method: The purpose of this study was to compare the personality characteristics and emotional intelligence of female students based on blood groups. The research method was causal-comparative. For this purpose, among all 15- to 18-year-old girl students in Tarom Province (150 students), 68 students were selected by cluster sampling method. After determining the blood groups, they were divided into four blood groups, and the Spear Scarification Emotional Inventory, And Hexaquo's personality questionnaire for each of them. At the end, the collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA using SPSS software. Findings: Findings in the emotional intelligence variable with blood groups A, B, AB, and O according to F (F = 1.725 = 1, P = 0.17) showed that there was no significant difference between emotional intelligence of girls with groups There is no significant difference between the different blood types. Discussion: The findings of the data analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the personality traits and emotional intelligence in female students based on blood groups A, B, AB and O. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Predicting the academic self-efficacy based on personality characteristics and learning styles in girl students of Mashhad city
Samaneh Sadat Tabatabaei Toktan Sadat Tabatabaei Arezo NajibzadeganAcademic self-efficacy plays an important role in academic success, so this study aimed to predict the academic self-efficacy based on personality characteristics and learning styles in girl students. The research method was descriptive-analytical from type of correlati MoreAcademic self-efficacy plays an important role in academic success, so this study aimed to predict the academic self-efficacy based on personality characteristics and learning styles in girl students. The research method was descriptive-analytical from type of correlation and research statistical population was high school second grade girl students of Mashhad city in academic years of 2018-19. The research sample was 400 people who were selected by multistep cluster sampling method and answered to the questionnaire of academic self-efficacy (Jinks & Morgan, 1999), personality characteristics (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and learning styles (Kolb, 1985). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with enter model with using SPSS-21 software. The results showed that learning styles of converge, diverge, assimilator and accommodator, extroversion and conscientiousness have a positive and significant relationship with academic self-efficacy of girl students and neuroticism have a negative and significant relationship with their academic self-efficacy. The variables of personality characteristics and learning styles could predict 37/8 percent of variance of academic self-efficacy of girl students (p < 0/05). Based on the results, to increase the academic self-efficacy of girl students can use with assistant workshop increase their learning styles, extroversion and conscientiousness and decrease their neuroticism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Study of the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University
Mehran samadi Shahla AmirdavarThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method was a MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method was analytical survey. The statistical society of this research included undergraduate female students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University living in dormitory in the 2015-2016school year. According to the obtained data, the statistical population included 390 persons. Due to limiting and availability of the total statistical population, the sample size in this study including 350 students from among the 390 students living in the dormitory, who use the virtual social networks. The data collection tool was a questionnaire designed by the researcher based on a theoretical framework. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Theoretical framework of the research was based on "Two-globalization paradigm theory "and Blumer and Katz "used - impact theory". The results showed that, in general, the happiness of the majority of participants (9/48 percent) are moderate, Also the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the amount and type of membership in virtual social networks and happiness in undergraduate female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Study of the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness aggression in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University
Mahran Samadi Shahla AmirdavarThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with aggression in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method is a MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with aggression in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method is analytical survey. The statistical society of this research included undergraduate girl students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University living in dormitory in the 2015-2016school year. According to the obtained data, the statistical society size was at total 390 persons. Due to limiting and availability of the total statistical society, the sample size in this study including 350 students from among the 390 students living in the dormitory, who use the virtual social networks. The data collection tool is a questionnaire designed by the researcher based on a theoretical framework. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Theoretical framework of the research was based on "Two-globalization paradigm theory "and Blumer and Katz "used - impact theory". The results showed that, in general, the happiness of the majority of respondents students (9/48 percent) are moderate, the aggression levels of majority of respondents (9/42 percent) was also moderate. Also the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the amount and type of membership in virtual social networks aggression in undergraduate girl students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Effectiveness of Academic Buoyancy Training On Academic Success and Academic Self-Efficacy of Girl Students
Asma Fouladi Mohammad Bagher Kajbaf Amir GhmraniThis research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of academic buoyancy training on academic success and academic self-efficacy of girl students. The statistical population of present research was including all female first-grade high school students of Mashhad city i MoreThis research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of academic buoyancy training on academic success and academic self-efficacy of girl students. The statistical population of present research was including all female first-grade high school students of Mashhad city in the academic years 2015-16. In a semi-experimental design 40 student who was selected by multi-step random sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups (each group 20 person). The experimental group 12 sessions of 70 minute (two sessions in a week) educated by academic buoyancy and the control group received no training. Both groups completed the questionnaires of academic success and academic self-efficacy as a pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measure design and with SPSS-21 software. The findings showed there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups on the variables of academic success and academic self-efficacy of girl students in the post-test and follow-up stages. In the other words, the academic buoyancy training led to increase academic success and academic self-efficacy of girl students in the post-test and follow-up stages (P<0/01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Relationship between the personality characteristics, Mental health with Emotional intelligence of girls high school third grade students in Tabriz.
Davood Hosseini Nassab Shervin MohammadiThe present research has discussed the relationship between personality characteristics and mental health with emotional intelligence of girls high school third grade students of Tabriz in 1388-89. The research is a description- correlation type. Statistical analysis ha MoreThe present research has discussed the relationship between personality characteristics and mental health with emotional intelligence of girls high school third grade students of Tabriz in 1388-89. The research is a description- correlation type. Statistical analysis has been conducted by SPSS soft ware. The volume of sample studied included 177 persons. The sampling method is multi- stage random. The data were collected by questionnaire of GHQ,NEO-FFI-R and Emotional intelligence syber yashring scale. Results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between extroversion and consciousness and mental health with emotional intelligence and a negative significant between neuroticism with emotional intelligence. In addition the result on multiple regression analysis showed that in total neuroticism, extroversion and consciousness %62 can predict emotional intelligence. Therefore, it can be concluded that personality characteristics and mental health can promote emotional intelligence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Effectiveness of Group Training Based on Transactional Analysis on Aggressive girl students of high Schools in Rasht
Tooba Seghati Abdollah Shafiabady Mansour SodaniAbstractThe main objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of grouptraining, based on transactional analysis affecting the aggressive behaviors of thegirl students of grade one in high school, in the city of Rasht. This experimentalresearch was carr MoreAbstractThe main objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of grouptraining, based on transactional analysis affecting the aggressive behaviors of thegirl students of grade one in high school, in the city of Rasht. This experimentalresearch was carried out on 40 individuals from those students who were rated“high” in aggression test (AGQ).This sample was selected through the phasedrandom selection and it was divided in two equal groups (experimental and controlgroup),randomly. Subsequently, the group training program was represented to theexperiment group, after the method of transactional analysis, based on the assemblyof concepts, within 8 ninety-minute sessions for each week , and during this period,no interference was imposed on the control group. Then, after the end of training,the AGQ-test (post-test) was applied to both experiment and control groupssimultaneously and under the identical circumstances. The obtained informationfrom the pre-test and post-test were analyzed using the statistical T test for theindependent group and MANOVA. The additional obtained results suggested thatthere was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups(P=0.0001). In other words, the experimental interference (group training based onthe transactional analysis) has given rise to reduce the aggression and itscomponents in experimental group. Manuscript profile
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