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Open Access Article
1 - String cosmological models with bulk viscosity in Nordtvedt's general scalar-tensor theory of gravitation
Uma Maheswara Rao Velagapudi Neelima Davuluri -
Open Access Article
2 - Ultrasonic studies of ternary liquid mixtures of N-N-dimethylformamide, nitrobenzene, and cyclohexane at different frequencies at 318 K
Manoj Kumar Praharaj Abhiram Satapathy Prativarani Mishra Sarmistha Mishra -
Open Access Article
3 - Atomic transport and surface properties of some simple liquid metal using one component plasma system
Yogeshkumar A Sonvane Pankajsinh B Thakor Ashwin R Jani -
Open Access Article
4 - Accelerating Bianchi type-VI0 bulk viscous cosmological models in Lyra geometry
A. Asgar M. Ansari -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigation of rheological behavior of Marshmallow seed (Althaea officinalis) mucilage under different temperature, concentration, and shear rate conditions
Shima Moazzezi Amir Hossein Elhamirad Leila Nateghi Mohammad Hossein Haddad Khodaparast Fatemeh Zarei -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigation of shear stability of commercial polymer of viscosity index improver for determination of engine oil optimal formulation
Mehran Aghaie Mazandarani E. Sadeghi ghari H. -
Open Access Article
7 - Optimization of Functional Cocoa Milk Formulation Containing Inulin, Stevia, Chia Seed Gum and Whey Protein
Sh. Saedi S. Jafarian S. H. Hoseini Ghabous L. Roozbeh NasiraieIntroduction: Cocoa milk is one of the most popular non-fermented dairy products, but due to its high levels of sucrose, it might cause diabetes and tooth decay in children. Due to the fact that today the tendency to consume natural foods is increasing with low calories MoreIntroduction: Cocoa milk is one of the most popular non-fermented dairy products, but due to its high levels of sucrose, it might cause diabetes and tooth decay in children. Due to the fact that today the tendency to consume natural foods is increasing with low calories and high shelf life, therefore, replacing sucrose with other sweeteners, especially natural ones, will be important. In this study, the aim is to optimize and achieve the highest percentage of viscosity and overall acceptance as well as reducing the amount of sedimentation and particle size that is one of the important quality indicators of cocoa milk in consumer acceptance.Materials and Methods: For this purpose, treatment was performed based on cocoa milk formulation and based on the highest level of response. Independent variables included inulin (2 to 8%), chia seed gum (0.1 to 0.5%), stevia (50 to 100%) and whey protein concentrate (1 to 3%) and response variables, consisting of viscosity, particle size, sediment percentage and overall acceptance were considered. The functional relationship between the parameters affecting the cocoa milk formulation was determined using the Box Behnken experimental design.Results: Based on the selected models, the optimal formulation was selected by the software consisted of 99.7% inulin, 70% stevia, 0.346% chia seed gum and 1% whey protein.Conclusion: The presence of inulin, stevia, chia seed gum and whey protein in cocoa milk formula improved the effective properties such as increasing viscosity, reducing sedimentation and cocoa milk particle size in promoting marketability and product acceptance by consumers. Therefore health-promoting in cocoa milk formulation can lead to the production of useful products while maintaining quality and sensory properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Comparison of Different Precooking Methods on the Rheological Properties of Instant Rice Prepared from Hashemi
S. Sasanian B. Ghiassi Tarzi F. HabibiIntroduction: Increasing the cooking quality of rice is one of the most important initiatives in rice breeding goals. In this study, in order to determine the rheological properties of instant rice prepared from Hashemi variety, the effects of three precooking methods: MoreIntroduction: Increasing the cooking quality of rice is one of the most important initiatives in rice breeding goals. In this study, in order to determine the rheological properties of instant rice prepared from Hashemi variety, the effects of three precooking methods: under boiling, under steam and under pressure were investigated and compared. Materials and Methods: In all three methods, cooking continued up to 90 percent of fully cooking samples. The product was dried in an oven at 50° C. The viscosity of the samples were evaluated in three replications with rapid Visco Analyzer. The results were analyzed using SPSS software and significantly Tukey test was evaluated at the level of 95%. Results: The results indicated the maximum, minimum and final viscosities, breakdown, setback and time to reach maximum viscosity and pasting temperature. The effect of precooking methods on all the rheological characteristics of rice except the maximum viscosity and setback were significant at the level of 95%. It was concluded that the rheological properties of cooking under pressure showed significant difference in the level of 95% as compared to the other two methods. The study indicated that the swelling of the starch granules in instant rice prepared under pressure occurred earlier than the other methods. The maximum viscosity has relation with grain elongation during cooking. Conclusion: Instant rice samples prepared under pressure will remain softer after cooking for a longer time and can be prepared in shorter time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effects of Sodium and Calcium Chloride Salts on the Characteristics of Basil Seed Gum
فخرالدین Salehi مهدی KashaniIntroduction: Hydrocolloids or gums are defined as macromolecules that could dissolve or disperse in water and give viscous solutions or gels. In this study, the effect of salts at different concentrations on the rheological properties of Basil seed gum solution was stu MoreIntroduction: Hydrocolloids or gums are defined as macromolecules that could dissolve or disperse in water and give viscous solutions or gels. In this study, the effect of salts at different concentrations on the rheological properties of Basil seed gum solution was studied. Materials and Methods: The effects of sodium and calcium chloride at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1% on the rheological properties of Basil seed gum solution (0.2%) were investigated. Rheological properties of solutions were measured by a Brookfield rotational viscometer. Results: In all solutions, with increasing shear rate, the apparent viscosity decreased, indicating the pseudoplastic behavior of Basil seed gum. Interactions between gum and salts decreased the viscosity of solutions and the amount of viscosity change depends on the type of salt. Apparent viscosity is clearly decreased from 8.1 to 1.9 mPa.s with increasing sodium chloride concentration from 0.1 to 1 % (shear rate=61.2 s-1). Conclusion: Power law model well described the non-Newtonian behavior of Basil seed gum in the presence of salts. Fitting with this model showed that the consistency coefficient (k) and flow behavior index (n) were influenced by the type and the concentration of salts content. Addition of sodium and calcium chloride led to increases in flow behavior index and decreases in pseudoplastic properties of the solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation of Rheological Behavior of Malva Flower Mucilage Under Different Temperature, Concentration and Shear Rate Conditions
A. Ghorbani A.H. Elhamirad L. Nateghi M.H. Haddad Khodaparast F. Zarei -
Open Access Article
11 - Studies on Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Marshmallow (Althaea Officinalis) Seed Mucilage
S. Moazzezi A. H. Elhamirad L. Nateghi M. H. Haddad Khodaparast F. Zarei -
Open Access Article
12 - Fractionation and Determination of Some Structural Properties of Persian Gum
S. Rahimi S. Abbasi -
Open Access Article
13 - Development of A New Correlation for Estimating Pressure Gradient of Oil- Water Two Phase Flow in A Horizontal Pipe
yasha hasanzade seyed ali AlaviFazel zoha azizi seyed mohsen peyghambarzadeh alireza azimi -
Open Access Article
14 - Study on the Thermophysical Properties of Hybrid Nanofluid Based on Aircraft De/Anti-Icing Fluid at Low Temperatures
Nasim Nayebpashaee -
Open Access Article
15 - Effects of Viscosity on a Thick Circular Plate in Thermoelastic Diffusion Medium
R Kumar Sh Devi -
Open Access Article
16 - Effect of a Mix Soybean Oil, Sunflower Oil and Canola Oil on Oxidative Stabilization and Organoleptic Properties of Low-Fat Mayonnaise
Mozhgan Balali Alireza Rahman Maryam FahimdaneshThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various edible oils (soybean, sunflower and canola) at %30 weight using a separate and combination of oils in seven samples on the quality and oxidative degradtaion of low-fat mayonnaise during a pediod of 6 months MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various edible oils (soybean, sunflower and canola) at %30 weight using a separate and combination of oils in seven samples on the quality and oxidative degradtaion of low-fat mayonnaise during a pediod of 6 months at a temperature of 10 degree Celicus under controlled conditions. the results showed that the pH and acidity of all samples were in the range of 3.04-3.16% and 0.932-1.019%, respectively. During the maintenance period, the pH and viscosity of the mayonnaise samples decreased gradually, while acidity increased. The samples containing %15 sunflower (A5) and the equal mixture of oils (A3) of %10 each, had the highest viscosity. All samples had a perfect emulsion stability during maintenance. Combination of different oils influnced the oxidation indices of low-fat mayonnaise significantly so that the lowest oxidation index was related to the sample containing %15 canola oil (A6). Throughoput the time, the amount of peroxide, anisidine and totox of all studied samples decreased sifnificantly. the results of sensory evaluation showed that oil type did not have a significant effect on taste, texture, sense of mouth, smell and general acceptance of low-fat mayonnaise. The lowest taste rate was for the sample containing %30 canola oil or all canola(A2), followed by a %15 canola oil sample (A6). However, all the mayonnaise samples were acceptable in terms of sensory characteristics. finaaly, according to the obtained results, the sample of %15 canola oil (A6) was considered as an optimal sample. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Optimization of gel formulation containing CMC, HPMC, and PVA enhanced cosmetic, hygiene, and pharmaceutical applications using central composite design (CCD)
Rezvan Ahmadi pour Farzaneh EbrahimzadehIn this study, the characteristics of gels produced from polymers including carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were investigated as functions of transparency preservation, pH, and viscosity retention over a p MoreIn this study, the characteristics of gels produced from polymers including carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were investigated as functions of transparency preservation, pH, and viscosity retention over a period of 60 days. The investigation was conducted using Design Expert software and by employing a design of experiments based on a Central Composite Design (CCD) model. Changes in the weight ratio of the gel producer's implementation are considered the independent variable, while variations in pH, transparency, and viscosity changes of the produced gels over a 60-day period are recognized as the dependent variables. The variations in viscosity over the course of 60 days, at time intervals of 1, 7, 14, 28, and 60 days, for CMC, HPMC, and PVA individually, indicate that without the presence of a cross-linking agent, viscosity undergoes changes over time. Through a detailed analysis of the results obtained from 16 designed experiments, the optimal gel formulation, which ensures the preservation of structure, transparency, and pH within the neutral range, as well as the retention of viscosity over time, was predicted. This optimal formulation consists of a weight ratio of 9.68% CMC, 1.27% HPMC, and 4% PVA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Study of structural effects of binary mixtures of Nitrobenzene and 2-Alcohols
Mohammad Almasi -
Open Access Article
19 - Densities and Viscosities for Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Benzene + Cyclohexane and + N,N-Dimethyl acetamide at Temperature of 298.15 K
Mohsen Doost Mohammadi Majid Hamzehloo -
Open Access Article
20 - Multiaxial fatigue analysis of exhaust manifold with considering viscosity stress
Hojjat AshouriDue to the complex geometry and loading conditions, exhaust manifolds are the most challenging components among all parts of engines. They must withstand severe cyclic thermo-mechanical stresses throughout their lifetime. Thus, simulation and analysis of fatigue cracks MoreDue to the complex geometry and loading conditions, exhaust manifolds are the most challenging components among all parts of engines. They must withstand severe cyclic thermo-mechanical stresses throughout their lifetime. Thus, simulation and analysis of fatigue cracks is essential. In this paper, low cycle fatigue (LCF) life analysis of the exhaust manifold is performed by using the finite element method and ABAQUS software to predict the temperature and stresses and then LCF life by using Brown-Miller theory and MSC-FATIGUE software. The combination of the Chibcha nonlinear isotropic-kinematic hardening model with viscous stress law is used to consider the effect of viscosity stress. The results of finite element analysis showed that the maximum temperature and stress values in the exhaust manifold are 757.7°C and 395.2MPa and the position is at the confluence region. Therefore, the confluence area of the engine exhaust manifold is a critical area and there is a possibility of possible cracks in it. The fatigue life of the exhaust manifold without and considering the effect of viscosity stress was calculated as 9310 and 8850 cycles. In other words, neglecting the viscosity effect caused an estimation of 460 cycles or about 5.2% higher than the limit. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the viscosity effect in the analysis of the low cycle fatigue life of the exhaust manifold. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - A laboratory study on effects of Forouzan oil fields gas injection to Soroosh oil field
Asghar Ghobadi-dizajyekan Zeinab AlishavandiSoroosh (oil field) is in the north west of the Persian Gulf, 80 km WSW of Khark Island. Present researchcontains 6 Lab tests (PVT cell) which has been measured injection effect and gas solution of Burgan formationin Foruzan field in swelling criterion for saturated oil MoreSoroosh (oil field) is in the north west of the Persian Gulf, 80 km WSW of Khark Island. Present researchcontains 6 Lab tests (PVT cell) which has been measured injection effect and gas solution of Burgan formationin Foruzan field in swelling criterion for saturated oil sample of one well related to Soroosh oil field at variouspressures and reservoir temperature (180 Fº).Based on analysis results, by increasing swelling criterion the oil viscosity and oil formation volume factor willbe decreased and increased respectively.Implementation of this process will be affected on production and recovery factor to increase.The maximum swelling criterion of oil for Sorosh field through gas injection on Burgan layer of Foruzan field in4500 psig is equal to 28.56 % and the minimum swelling criterion of oil in 1000 psig is equal to 4.79 % atreservoir temperature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Experimental study on dynamic viscosity of Mg(OH)2-ethylene glycol nanofluid
Amin Asadi Meisam Asadi Majid Gholami AndaratiIn this paper, we aim to investigate the dynamic viscosity of the Mg(OH)2-ethylene glycol(EG) nanofluid. The study is conducted in different solid volume fractions (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) at the temperatures of 23 and 55⁰C. It should also be mentioned MoreIn this paper, we aim to investigate the dynamic viscosity of the Mg(OH)2-ethylene glycol(EG) nanofluid. The study is conducted in different solid volume fractions (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) at the temperatures of 23 and 55⁰C. It should also be mentioned that the average diameter of the nano-particle is 10nanometer. Moreover, the Newtonian behavior of the nanofluid is evidenced by examining the shear rate of the nanofluid. The results proof that while the solid volume fraction is increased, the dynamic viscosity is increased too. This increase is more noticeable at lower temperatures in comparison with higher temperatures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Development of new model to predict dynamic viscosity of ethylene glycol based nanofluid containing Mg(OH)2
Amin Asadi Meisam Asadi Majid Gholami AndaratiIn this study, the dynamic viscosity of Mg(OH)2-ethylene glycol(EG) is measured. Moreover, new model for determining the dynamic viscosity of the nanofluid is proposed. Due to the limitation of the previous correlations in order to predict the dynamic viscosity of the m MoreIn this study, the dynamic viscosity of Mg(OH)2-ethylene glycol(EG) is measured. Moreover, new model for determining the dynamic viscosity of the nanofluid is proposed. Due to the limitation of the previous correlations in order to predict the dynamic viscosity of the mentioned nanofluid, a new practical equation is suggested base on the experimental correlations. The results indicate that while the solid volume fraction is increased, the dynamic viscosity is increased simultaneously. It can be interesting to note that at lower temperatures, this increase is more noticeable than those in higher temperatures. In addition, it is shown that at the special temperature of 55⁰C, the solid volume fraction has no significant impact on the dynamic viscosity of the nanofluid. This unique consequence can be considered as a paramount breakthrough in the engineering and industrial applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Experimental investigation on thermophysical properties and convective heat transfer of Mg(OH)2-water under turbulent flow
Kourosh Hasanzade Mostafa SefidgarThe aim of the present study is to investigate the thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and convective heat transfer of Mg(OH)2-water nanofluid inside a circular tube under turbulent flow. The experiments have been carried in solid volume fractions of 0.0625, 0.125, MoreThe aim of the present study is to investigate the thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and convective heat transfer of Mg(OH)2-water nanofluid inside a circular tube under turbulent flow. The experiments have been carried in solid volume fractions of 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1%. The results indicated that adding nanoparticles to the base fluid result in noticeable increase in heat transfer rate. Moreover, the results showed that the thermal conductivity is increased while the temperature and solid volume fraction increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - An Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Shear Rate on Dynamic Viscosity of MWCNT-ZnO/Engine Oil on Different Temperatures and Solid Concentrations
meisam asadi seyfolah saedodinThe aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of shear rate on dynamic viscosity of MWCNT-ZnO/engine oil hybrid nanofluid. Using two-step method and without using any surfactant, the studied nanofluid has been produced in different solid concentration (0.12 MoreThe aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of shear rate on dynamic viscosity of MWCNT-ZnO/engine oil hybrid nanofluid. Using two-step method and without using any surfactant, the studied nanofluid has been produced in different solid concentration (0.125, 0.5, and 1%) as the experimental sample. All the experiments were conducted in the temperatures ranging from 5 to 55°C and shear rates ranging from 50 to 1000 RPM. Based on the experimental results, although the base fluid showed Newtonian behavior in all the studied temperatures and shear rates, in the temperatures of 5 and 15°C, the studied nanofluid shows Non-Newtonian behavior while it shows Newtonian behavior in the temperatures of 25, 35, 45, and 55°C. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Experimental study of dynamic viscosity of the fluid water-based nanofluids magnesium oxide
محمد قویدل سیف الله سعدالدینIn this study, the dynamic viscosity of the fluid is water-based nanofluids magnesium oxide discussed. The experiments in four volume fraction (0.005, 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02) and four different diameter nanoparticles 20, 40, 50 and 60 nm were used. The results obtained in MoreIn this study, the dynamic viscosity of the fluid is water-based nanofluids magnesium oxide discussed. The experiments in four volume fraction (0.005, 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02) and four different diameter nanoparticles 20, 40, 50 and 60 nm were used. The results obtained in this way is that by increasing the volume fraction of a specified diameter, the viscosity of nanofluids increases and by increasing the diameter Nanvdrh in a specified volume fraction, the viscosity of nanofluids decreases the viscosity reduction benefits of using nanofluids in the industry more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The effect of morphometry, viscosity and liquefaction on frozen sperm quality of Ghezel ram
parisa shafaati gh moghaddamThe ability of sperm to move and reach the oocyte for fertilization and fertility depends on different factors such as morphometry, liquefaction and semen viscosity. The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of morphometry, viscosity and liquefaction of sem MoreThe ability of sperm to move and reach the oocyte for fertilization and fertility depends on different factors such as morphometry, liquefaction and semen viscosity. The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of morphometry, viscosity and liquefaction of semen on Ghezel ram frozen sperm quality. Semen was collected once a week for 3 weeks from 5 Ghezel rams. Initial assessments included total and progressive motility, viability, abnormal sperm percentage, concentration, viscosity, morphometry, and liquefaction. Samples with a concentration of 2.5 billion sperm and a progressive motility of over 70% were used for dilution. After dilution, straws (0.25 ml) were filled and after cooling and reaching the temperature of 5°C in the refrigerator, were placed 4-5 cm above liquid nitrogen for 8-10 min and then, ultimately were immersed in liquid nitrogen. The traits of motility and sperm health were assessed on days 0, 20, 40 and 60 of cryopreservation. The results showed that motility traits and viability were significantly reduced over time of cryopreservation (p<0.05). Furthermore, the results of this study showed a negative and significant correlation between drop length and plasma membrane health (p<0.05). Also, it was shown that there was a positive and significant correlation between semen string length and total motility (p<0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between liquefaction and total motility, progressive motility, viability and acrosome integrity (p<0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between tail length and total sperm length with plasma membrane health (p<0.01). The findings of the present study indicated that the shorter the liquefaction time, sperm tail length and total length of sperm, the qualitative traits of sperm will be better preserved in the freezing process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Effects of Replacing Fluorine with Sodium and Titanium Oxides on Continuous Casting of Steel Mold Powders Lubrication
Ahmadreza Arefpour Ahmad Monshi Ali Saidi -
Open Access Article
29 - The Effects of Oxide Fluxes on the Penetration Depth of 316L and A516 Steels in A-TIG Welding: a Comparative Study
Mohammad Emami Seyed Hossein Elahi -
Open Access Article
30 - Assessing the effects of self-consolidating concrete components on workability to compensate the negative impacts resulted by temperature and time
Seyed Azim Hosseini -
Open Access Article
31 - The Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Viscosity of Aliphatic Polyol Esters Lubricants
sara Golabvand morteza zareViscosity is one of the most important properties of lubricants, which affect the processes of heat and mass transfer. The temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity of lubricants are crucial for most industrial applications. In this work, available literature MoreViscosity is one of the most important properties of lubricants, which affect the processes of heat and mass transfer. The temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity of lubricants are crucial for most industrial applications. In this work, available literature viscosity data of synthetic lubricants including aliphatic polyol esters on a wide pressure and temperature range used to study the pressure and temperature dependence of the viscosity. The experimental values were correlated with two linear equations, as a function of temperature and pressure. These simple and accurate linear equations provide reliable extrapolation of viscosity data for studied lubricants. Based on these correlations, the pressure and temperature viscosity coefficients ( and ) have been determined for these fluids. For studied lubricants, values decrease as the temperature or pressure increase. The coefficient decreases with the temperature and increases with the pressure. The values of and are dependent on the size and the degree of branching of the molecules. For the studied polyol esters, it has been observed that the and increase with the size of the molecule. The values of and are also increase with the branching of the chains of aliphatic polyol esters. In addition, our recent proposed equation is used to represent both the temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity and demonstrated good correlation with the experimental data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Prediction of ultrafiltration membrane performance based on viscosity of polymer solutions
mona dehghankar toraj mohammadi maryam tavakol moghadam fatemeh rekabdarOne of the most important factors affecting membrane formation via phase inversion method is the viscosity of the polymer solution. In this research, with the aim of providing a solution to predict the performance of polymeric membranes based on viscosity data, the infl MoreOne of the most important factors affecting membrane formation via phase inversion method is the viscosity of the polymer solution. In this research, with the aim of providing a solution to predict the performance of polymeric membranes based on viscosity data, the influence of dope solution temperature and casting speed on the viscosity of PVDF solution were investigated. For this purpose, the viscosity of PVDF/DMAc solution with LiCl and PEG additives was measured at the temperature range of 10-50 °C and atmospheric pressure with a precise rheometer. The performance of PVDF ultrafiltration membrane with composition of PEG 3 wt. % and LiCl 7 wt. % was evaluated and an empirical model using response surface methodology and central composite design was developed to predict membrane permeability and rejection based on viscosity data and two variables of solution temperature and casting speed. Scanning electron microscopy, pure water permeability and membrane rejection tests were used to characterize the membranes. The results show that the model is in good agreement with the experimental data and based on the results, the casting speed of 1.2 m/min and the temperature of the polymer solution at 50 °C are the optimum conditions for membrane fabrication to obtain the membrane with maximum flux and rejection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Effects of adding silver nanoparticles on thermal conductivity and viscosity of poly-alpha-olefin fluid
حمیدرضا قربانی سید کمیل حسینی اسفندانیIn this work, the silver nanoparticles effects on viscosity and thermal conductivity of silver-poly alpha olefin nanofluid were studied. Silver nanoparticles in different sizes and with various concentrations spread over the base fluid of poly alpha olefin and thermal c MoreIn this work, the silver nanoparticles effects on viscosity and thermal conductivity of silver-poly alpha olefin nanofluid were studied. Silver nanoparticles in different sizes and with various concentrations spread over the base fluid of poly alpha olefin and thermal conductivity were studied. Also, thermal conductivity was measured at different temperature conditions. In addition, the impact of nanoparticles on the viscosity of the fluid was measured at different concentrations. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids increase with increasing volumetric concentration of silver nanoparticles. In addition, the thermal conductivity of nanofluid increases and the viscosity of nanofluid decreases with increasing temperature. Also, the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing nanoparticles size. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - بهینه سازی رفتار رئولوژیکی مواد اولیه فولادی در فرآیند پیشرفته قالب تزریق پودر آلیاژ
حمید خورسند مژده فتحی دوست -
Open Access Article
35 - Sonophotocatalytic degradation of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles
Naser Sadeghpour Orang Reza Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
36 - اندازه گیری تجربی ویسکوزیته نانوسیال اکسید سریم- اتیلن گلیکول در کسرهای حجمی و دماهای مختلف و ارائه رابطه جدید تجربی
محمد اکبری امیرحسین سعیدینانو سیال ها از طریق معلق ساختن ذرات بسیار ریز در مقیاس نانو در سیال پایه تهیه می شوند و فناوری نانو یکی از تلاش های جدید برای بررسی علوم حرارتی است. در نتیجه سرمایه گذاری عظیم کشورهای پیشرفته روی فناوری نانو، تحقیقات روی خواص حرارتی نانو سیال ها مورد توجه خاصی قرار گرف Moreنانو سیال ها از طریق معلق ساختن ذرات بسیار ریز در مقیاس نانو در سیال پایه تهیه می شوند و فناوری نانو یکی از تلاش های جدید برای بررسی علوم حرارتی است. در نتیجه سرمایه گذاری عظیم کشورهای پیشرفته روی فناوری نانو، تحقیقات روی خواص حرارتی نانو سیال ها مورد توجه خاصی قرار گرفته است. با توجه به استفاده از فناوری نانو در کاهش اتلاف انرژی، در این پروژه اکسید سریم با اتیلن-گلیکول برای تهیه نانوسیال مورد استفاده قرار گرفته شد. به منظور پایدار سازی نانوسیال از فرآیند موج دهی آلتراسونیک و برای اندازه گیری لزجت از لزجت سنج دیجیتال استفاده شد. در این مقاله به بررسی اثر دما و کسر حجمی روی لزجت نانو سیال پرداخته و نتایج این بررسی ها نشان می دهد که در تمامی غلظت ها با افزایش دما، لزجت کاهش می یابد. همچنین با افزایش کسر حجمی نانو ذرات، لزجت افزایش می یابد. همانطور که نتایج نشان می دهد تغییرات لزجت با دما در غلظت های بالاتر شدت بیشتری دارد. پس از بررسی خواص رئولوژیک و بدست آوردن دقیق داده های آزمایشگاهی، رابطه ای برای تخمین لزجت نانوسیال با توجه به دما و کسر حجمی بدست میآید که از دقت بالایی برخوردار است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Experimental investigation of the effects of temperature and nanoparticles volume fraction on the viscosity of Newtonian hybrid nanofluid
Ashkan Afshari Mohammad Eftekhari Yazdi -
Open Access Article
38 - اندازه گیری تجربی لزجت نانوسیال اکسید سریم- اتیلن گلیکول در کسرهای حجمی و دماهای مختلف و ارائه رابطه جدید تجربی
محمد اکبری امیر حسین سعیدینانو­سیال­ها از طریق معلق ساختن ذرات بسیار ریز در مقیاس نانو در سیال پایه تهیه می شوند و فناوری نانو یکی از تلاش های جدید برای بررسی علوم حرارتی است. در نتیجه سرمایه­گذاری عظیم کشورهای پیشرفته روی فناوری نانو، تحقیقات روی خواص حرارتی نانو سیال­ ها Moreنانو­سیال­ها از طریق معلق ساختن ذرات بسیار ریز در مقیاس نانو در سیال پایه تهیه می شوند و فناوری نانو یکی از تلاش های جدید برای بررسی علوم حرارتی است. در نتیجه سرمایه­گذاری عظیم کشورهای پیشرفته روی فناوری نانو، تحقیقات روی خواص حرارتی نانو سیال­ ها مورد توجه خاصی قرار گرفته است. با توجه به استفاده از فناوری نانو در کاهش اتلاف انرژی، در این پروژه اکسید سریم با اتیلن­گلیکول برای تهیه نانوسیال مورد استفاده قرار گرفته شد. به منظور پایدار سازی نانوسیال از فرآیند موج ­دهی آلتراسونیک و برای اندازه­گیری لزجت از لزجت سنج دیجیتال استفاده شد. در این مقاله به بررسی اثر دما و کسر حجمی روی لزجت نانو­سیال پرداخته و نتایج این بررسی­ها نشان می دهد که در تمامی غلظت ­ها با افزایش دما، لزجت کاهش می­یابد. همچنین با افزایش کسر حجمی نانو ذرات، لزجت افزایش می­یابد. همانطور که نتایج نشان می­دهد تغییرات لزجت با دما در غلظت­های بالاتر شدت بیشتری دارد. پس از بررسی خواص رئولوژیک و بدست آوردن دقیق داده های آزمایشگاهی، رابطه­ای برای تخمین لزجت نانوسیال با توجه به دما و کسر حجمی بدست میآید که از دقت بالایی برخوردار است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Effect of Various Dietary Fibre Sources on Performance, Cecal and Ileal Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens
Y. Mohammadi A.A. Saki S. Mirzaei Goudarzi A. Ahmadi Z. Bardel S. MohammadianThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different sources of insoluble fiber on perform-ance, gastrointestinal tract characteristics, and nutrient digestibility in the broiler's ileum, and cecum. A total of 380-day-old chickens of ross 308 unsexed we MoreThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different sources of insoluble fiber on perform-ance, gastrointestinal tract characteristics, and nutrient digestibility in the broiler's ileum, and cecum. A total of 380-day-old chickens of ross 308 unsexed were arranged into 5 treatments, 4 replicates, and 19 chickens in each, by completely randomized design (CRD). Experimental treatments included 1: control (corn-soybean meal) 2: arbocel (synthetic fiber) 1% in diet, 3: sunflower hulls (3% in diet), 4: soybean hull (3% in diet), 5: processed wheat straw (3%in diet). Observed parameter include: performance (feed intake, feed conversion ratio and body weight gain), gastrointestinal pH, gastrointestinal viscosity and digestibility of dry matter and protein in ileum and cecum and microbial population in ileum and cecum. The results have shown that the inclusion of 3% sunflower hulls in diets leads to the higher average feed intake from 1 to 10 days of age rather than control (P<0.05). In comparison between the ileum and cecum showed that the higher viscosity by Arbocel® in the cecum and the lowest viscosity showed by wheat straw in the ileum (P<0.05). On the other hand, the digestibility of protein and dry matter in the ileum was higher than the cecum (P<0.05). According to the results of this study, it could be noted that all fibers are considered in-soluble fibers and their different behavior in the gastrointestinal tract. The diet Arbocel® has generally led to physicochemical changes (digesta pH and viscosity) and microbial populations. It could be the most im-portant reason for these observations which is related to insoluble fiber particle size and their processing. In addition, reduced dry matter and protein digestibility in the cecum in comparison to the ileum status. Fi-nally, digest pH, viscosity, dry matter and protein digestibility were reduced by insoluble fiber in cecum in comparison to ileum. Manuscript profile